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Acuerdo 0 (Instituto Costarricense de Turismo, 25/03/2013) · 25/03/2013
OutcomeResultado
SummaryResumen
This 2013 standard from the Costa Rican Tourism Board (ICT) sets forth the Certification for Sustainable Tourism (CST) criteria for lodging establishments in Costa Rica. It organizes evaluation criteria into three areas — physical-biological, service facilities, and external client/socioeconomic — covering environmental impact identification, flora and fauna protection, archaeological heritage preservation, water and energy management, waste and wastewater handling, as well as corporate social responsibility, local hiring, and community development support. A sworn declaration commits the business to comply with applicable environmental, labor, and tax laws. The standard aims for measurable mitigation practices, climate change adaptation and communication with guests, continuous improvement through training programs, procurement policies, and partnerships with local communities, thereby fostering a responsible and respectful tourism model toward the country’s natural and cultural resources.La presente norma del Instituto Costarricense de Turismo (ICT), vigente desde 2013, establece el estándar de Certificación para la Sostenibilidad Turística (CST) aplicable a empresas de hospedaje en Costa Rica. La norma estructura los criterios de evaluación en tres ámbitos: físico-biológico, planta de servicio y cliente externo/socioeconómico, abarcando desde la identificación de impactos ambientales, la protección de flora, fauna y patrimonio arqueológico, la gestión de agua y energía, el manejo de residuos y aguas residuales, hasta la responsabilidad social empresarial, la contratación local y el apoyo al desarrollo comunitario. Incluye una declaración jurada en la que el empresario se compromete a cumplir con la legislación ambiental, laboral y fiscal aplicable. La norma busca que las empresas de hospedaje implementen prácticas medibles de mitigación, adaptación al cambio climático y comunicación con el cliente, así como la mejora continua de su desempeño sostenible mediante programas de capacitación, políticas de compras y alianzas con las comunidades locales, promoviendo un modelo de turismo responsable y respetuoso con los recursos naturales y culturales del país.
Key excerptExtracto clave
I DECLARE UNDER OATH, before the witnesses… I declare the following: FIRST: That the lodging establishment aspiring to receive the Certificate for Sustainable Tourism, known by the initials ‘CST’, is in compliance with current legislation, especially with the following regulations… SECOND: That it is not in arrears of the following legally applicable obligations: payment of taxes to the Costa Rican Tourism Board, payment of worker-employer contributions to the Costa Rican Social Security Fund, payment to the Social Development and Family Allowances Fund (FODESAF)… and the corporate tax… THIRD: Likewise, I undertake to maintain this condition for the duration of the Certificate’s validity and to comply with the terms of the aforementioned regulations, this being a sine qua non requirement to obtain the Certificate for Sustainable Tourism.DECLARO BAJO FE DE JURAMENTO, ante los testigos… declaro lo siguiente: PRIMERO: Que el establecimiento de hospedaje aspirante a recibir el Certificado para la Sostenibilidad Turística, conocido por las iniciales ¨CST¨, se encuentra a derecho con la legislación vigente, especialmente con aquella que se refiere a las siguientes regulaciones… SEGUNDO: Que no se encuentra en estado de mora de las siguientes obligaciones en lo que le sea legalmente aplicable: el pago de impuestos ante el Instituto Costarricense de Turismo, el pago de las cuotas obrero patronales ante la Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, el pago al Fondo de Desarrollo Social y Asignaciones Familiares (FODESAF)… y el impuesto a las Personas Jurídicas… TERCERO: Asimismo, me comprometo a mantener esta condición por el tiempo de vigencia del Certificado y cumplir con los términos de la normativa antes indicada, por ser esto requisito sine qua non para obtener el Certificado para la Sostenibilidad Turística.
Pull quotesCitas destacadas
"La empresa identifica y evalúa los impactos negativos causados o que es posible causar al medio ambiente debido a su operación, mediante un registro escrito, según Registro de Impactos Ambientales aportada por el Departamento de Sostenibilidad Turística (B13-HO)."
"The company identifies and evaluates the negative impacts caused or likely to be caused to the environment due to its operation, through a written record, according to the Environmental Impact Register provided by the Department of Sustainable Tourism (B13-HO)."
Ámbito Físico-Biológico, 1.1
"La empresa identifica y evalúa los impactos negativos causados o que es posible causar al medio ambiente debido a su operación, mediante un registro escrito, según Registro de Impactos Ambientales aportada por el Departamento de Sostenibilidad Turística (B13-HO)."
Ámbito Físico-Biológico, 1.1
"No se mantienen dentro del establecimiento especies animales silvestres en cautiverio salvo zoo criaderos y centros de rescate, reconocidos por la autoridad competente."
"No wild animal species are kept in captivity within the establishment except for breeding zoos and rescue centers recognized by the competent authority."
Ámbito Físico-Biológico, 5.2
"No se mantienen dentro del establecimiento especies animales silvestres en cautiverio salvo zoo criaderos y centros de rescate, reconocidos por la autoridad competente."
Ámbito Físico-Biológico, 5.2
"La empresa utiliza algún sistema de tratamiento biológico para aguas grises."
"The company uses a biological treatment system for gray water."
Ámbito Físico-Biológico, 11.1
"La empresa utiliza algún sistema de tratamiento biológico para aguas grises."
Ámbito Físico-Biológico, 11.1
"La empresa contribuye al desarrollo de actividades deportivas, artísticas, culturales y otros de especial interés comunitario en lo cual participan los colaboradores y miembros de la comunidad."
"The company contributes to the development of sports, artistic, cultural and other activities of special community interest in which collaborators and community members participate."
Ámbito Socioeconómico, 27.6
"La empresa contribuye al desarrollo de actividades deportivas, artísticas, culturales y otros de especial interés comunitario en lo cual participan los colaboradores y miembros de la comunidad."
Ámbito Socioeconómico, 27.6
Full documentDocumento completo
the entire text - Complete Text Norm 0 Certification for Tourism Sustainability that will be applied to evaluations in lodging companies Complete Text record: ED831 COSTA RICAN TOURISM INSTITUTE CERTIFICATION FOR TOURISM SUSTAINABILITY CST STANDARD - LODGING ESTABLISHMENTS TEMPLATE TO ISSUE TICKET CODE: B2-HO SWORN STATEMENT THE COSTA RICAN TOURISM INSTITUTE INFORMS THAT THIS IS THE CERTIFICATION FOR TOURISM SUSTAINABILITY STANDARD THAT WILL BE APPLIED TO EVALUATIONS IN LODGING COMPANIES FROM ITS PUBLICATION.
CST STANDARD FOR LODGING COMPANIES, COSTA RICA 2013 (SWORN STATEMENT) Protocol number (all in letters). Before me __________, Notary Public with office in __________, appears Mr./Ms.
(full name or indicate exception if a foreigner) __________, of legal age, civil status __________, occupation __________, nationality (in the case of being a foreigner: passport number or residency card number, all in letters) __________, resident of (indicate exact address) __________, bearer of identity / residency card number (all in letters) __________, in his/her capacity as (position in the company) __________, with powers of _________ of the Sociedad Anónima (full name of the corporation) _________, with Legal Entity Identification number (all in letters) __________, corporation registered in the Mercantile Section of the Public Registry, at volume, folio, entry (all in letters) __________, owner of the Lodging Establishment named (name of the establishment) __________ located at (indicate exact address) __________, having knowledge of the scope of the legislation governing the operation of my establishment, I DECLARE UNDER OATH, before the witnesses (if any, it is not mandatory, but if there are any the full name and qualifications must be noted) __________, knowing that failing to tell the truth, could result in false testimony and perjury punishable by imprisonment according to the Penal Code and warned by the undersigned Notary of the significance of his/her statements, I declare the following:
FIRST: That the lodging establishment aspiring to receive the Certificate for Tourism Sustainability, known by the initials "CST," is in compliance with current legislation, especially those referring to the following regulations, as applicable to our operation:
1. Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 Relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks; signed in New York on December 4, 1995, and its accession approved by Costa Rica through Ley No. 8059 of December 12, 2000, published in the Gazette of February 2, 2001.
2. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES), Ley Nº 5605 of October 22, 1974.
3. Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries, approved by the FAO, its official application established by Decreto Ejecutivo N° 27919 of December 16, 1998.
4. Labor Code, Ley N° 2 of August 27, 1943.
5. Municipal Code, Ley N° 7794 of April 30, 1998, Article 79.
6. Law on the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone, Ley Nº 6043 of March 2, 1977 and its amendments.
7. Wildlife Conservation Law, Ley N° 7317 of October 30, 1992 and its amendments.
8. Organic Law of the Environment, Ley N° 7554 of October 4, 1995 and its amendments.
9. Law on National Archaeological Heritage, Ley N° 6703 of December 28, 1981 and its amendments.
10. Ley Forestal, Ley N° 7575 of February 13, 1996 and its amendments.
11. Water Law, Ley N° 276 of August 27, 1942 and its amendments.
12. General Health Law, Ley N° 5395 of October 30, 1973 and its amendments.
13. Law for the Protection, Conservation, and Recovery of Marine Turtle Populations, Ley Nº 8325 of October 22, 2002, Article 4.
14. Fisheries and Aquaculture Law, N ° 8436 of March 1, 2005, in effect since April 25, 2005: Articles 9, 38, 63, 64, 68, 69, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 79, 140, 141, 147.
15. General Law for Tobacco Control and its Harmful Effects on Health, Ley N° 9028 of March 22, 2012 and its regulation, Decreto Ejecutivo N° 37185 of June 26, 2012.
16. General Regulation for the granting of Operating Permits of the Ministry of Health," published by Decreto Ejecutivo Nº 34728-S of May 28, 2008.
17. Regulations for small game and big game hunting outside protected wilderness areas and for fishing in protected wilderness areas, Decreto Ejecutivo N° 36515-MINAET of January 28, 2011.
18. Decreto Ejecutivo Nº 19647 of March 30, 1990, regulates the capture of Cambute and Lobster: Article 2.
19. Decreto Ejecutivo Nº 13371-A of February 16, 1982 establishes the minimum size for capture and commercialization of Piangua: Article 1.
20. Decreto Ejecutivo Nº 30742-S-MAG-MSP of August 5, 2002, regulates the primary commercialization of the piangua (Anadara tuberculosa): Article 1 21. Creation of Responsible Fishing Marine Areas, Decreto Ejecutivo Nº 35502-MAG of October 1, 2009.
22. Creation of the Montes Submarinos Marine Management Area; Decreto Ejecutivo N° 36452 of March 3, 2011, Articles 4, 6 and 8.
23. Regulation of the new management categories for Marine Protected Areas, pursuant to the Regulation to the Biodiversity Law; Decreto Ejecutivo N° 35369 of May 18, 2009, Articles 9, 9 bis and 16.
24. Regulation to the Wildlife Conservation Law, Decreto Nº 32633-MINAE of September 20, 2005. Articles 26, 29.
25. Regulation for the Discharge and Reuse of Wastewater, Decreto Ejecutivo n° 33601 of August 9, 2006 and its amendments, 26. Prohibition of Shark Finning, the importation of fins, and the transport, transfer, and carrying of fins within a vessel in jurisdictional waters, Decreto Ejecutivo N° 37354 of October 10, 2012; 27. and the following Agreements: INCOPESCA Board of Directors Agreement Nº 051-1995 of March 23, 1995, prohibits commercial fishing with all types of trammel net, seine net, and trawl net at depths less than 4 fathoms (6.4 meters) of depth; INCOPESCA Board of Directors Agreement Nº 114 of April 25, 2003, Regulation for the National Program for Certification of compliance with good management practices for fishery products for export and the domestic market (HACCP). Article 3.; INCOPESCA Board of Directors Agreement Nº 439-2003 of October 24, 2003, sport fishing. Article 1.; Agreement of INCOPESCA Board of Directors Nº 221-2009 of July 30, 2009.
Regulates the shrimp and other crustacean fishery in the country. Articles 7, 8, 9; Agreement of INCOPESCA Board of Directors Nº 153-2000. Prohibits the extraction and commercialization of Cambute in Costa Rican waters. Article 1.; Agreement of INCOPESCA Board of Directors Nº 090-2009 of April 8, 2009. Prohibits directed fishing for sailfish, using surface longline adapted for that purpose and with live bait. Articles 1, 8; Agreement of INCOPESCA Board of Directors Nº 221-2009 of July 30, 2009, establishes zoning of the Gulf of Nicoya, dividing it into three zones for the purposes of fishery management, and establishing permitted fishing gear in each zone: Article 9.; Agreement of INCOPESCA Board of Directors Nº 315-2009 of October 25, 2009 November 20, 2009, declares Palito de Chira as a responsible fishing marine area. Article 2 and Agreement of INCOPESCA Board of Directors Nº 191-2010 of June 11, 2010, declares Golfo Dulce as a responsible fishing marine area. Article 1.
SECOND: That it is not in arrears regarding the following obligations to the extent legally applicable: the payment of taxes to the Costa Rican Tourism Institute, the payment of employer-employee contributions to the Costa Rican Social Security Fund, the payment to the Social Development and Family Allowances Fund (FODESAF) of 5% on the total of salaries and wages paid monthly to its workers according to the Social Development and Family Allowances Law, Ley N° 5662 of December 23, 1974, and the tax on Legal Entities of Ley N° 9024 of December 23, 2011.
THIRD: Likewise, I undertake to maintain this condition for the validity period of the Certificate and to comply with the terms of the regulations indicated above, as this is a sine qua non requirement to obtain the Certificate for Tourism Sustainability.
FOURTH: That I indicate as means and address to receive notifications related to the procedure for obtaining the Certificate for Tourism Sustainability, as well as for any act or resolution that in the future and once granted, may affect the company, the following: the facsimile number , the email address and the following physical address: . I also undertake to communicate in writing to the Costa Rican Tourism Institute any change of these indicated means and address, otherwise I accept being notified at any place or means that appears in the expediente.
That is all. I issue a first testimonio. Having read what is written to the declarant, he/she states that he/she approves it and together we sign in the city of __________, at __________ hours and __________ minutes on the (day) __________ of (month) __________ of the (year) __________. (The signature must be transcribed if he/she signs with his/her name or if the signature is illegible, only the word "illegible" must be written, then the Notary signs.- THE FOREGOING IS A FAITHFUL AND EXACT COPY OF DEED NUMBER __________ VISIBLE ON FOLIO __________ FRONT / BACK OF VOLUME __________ OF THE PROTOCOL OF THE UNDERSIGNED NOTARY. UPON CONFIRMING IT WITH ITS ORIGINAL IT WAS FOUND TO BE CONFORMING AND I ISSUE IT AS A FIRST TESTIMONIO AT THE SAME TIME, DATE, AND PLACE OF THE GRANTING OF THE ORIGINAL.
Corresponding stamps-signatures and seals. (MUST BE SIGNED BY A NOTARY PUBLIC) The declarations must come AUTHENTICATED BY THE LAWYER, this means: signature, watermark seal, stamps, and barcode.
CST STANDARD FOR EVALUATING LODGING COMPANIES, COSTA RICA 2013
| Physical-Biological Scope | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Environment and Conservation | Weighting | YES | NO | N/A (*) | |
| 1.1 | The company identifies and evaluates the negative impacts caused or that it may cause to the environment due to its operation, through a written record, according to the Record of Environmental Impacts provided by the Department of Tourism Sustainability (B13-HO). | 1 | |||
| 1.2 | The company has designed a monitoring plan that allows it to mitigate or eliminate the possible negative impacts identified, according to the same record from the previous question. | 2 | |||
| 1.3 | There are defined procedures to report any environmental damage in the surroundings of the company to the competent authorities, and this is known by its employees. | 1 | |||
| 1.4 | The company regularly participates in environmental activities carried out in its surroundings or in other regions of the country. | 2 | |||
| 1.5 | The company is part of regional, local, national, or international organizations that continuously work on environmental issues. | 2 | |||
| 1.6 | The company has an environmental management plan and a person responsible for monitoring it (a site environmental regent or a direct employee of the company). | 3 | |||
| 1.7 | The company is part of some environmental management process or standard in the area. | 1 | X | ||
| Why? ▪ The tourism company has an environmental impact in the areas where it develops its main commercial activity, so it must be responsible with comprehensive programs or actions in its operation that minimize the negative impact and reinforce the positive impacts. ▪ The impacts that may be caused have direct or indirect consequences on the economic sustainability of the company. What is an environmental impact? Any change in the environment, adverse or beneficial, resulting from a company's activities, products, or services. Ley Orgánica del Ambiente, article 2. Principles: ▪ The environment is the common heritage of all inhabitants of the Nation, with the exceptions established by the Constitución Política, international agreements, and laws. The State and private individuals must participate in its conservation and sustainable use, as they are of public utility and social interest. ▪ Everyone has the right to enjoy a healthy and ecologically sustainable environment to develop, just as they have the duty to conserve it, according to article 50 of our Constitución Política. What is expected? That the Company: ▪ Values the environment where it is immersed, that it knows and mitigates potential negative impacts, in coordination with public, private, and non-governmental sectors. ▪ Actively participates in solving environmental problems both at the regional and local level. Recommended practices ▪ Design a plan stipulating the main management and operation standards of the company in environmental matters, allowing for more or better quality and quantity of water, better scenic views, more vegetation cover, wildlife in natural habitats, infrastructure with more sustainable, bioclimatic designs (design of buildings considering climatic conditions, taking advantage of available resources (sun, vegetation, rain, winds) to decrease environmental impacts, attempting to reduce energy consumption), reduction of operating costs through savings in water, energy, and supplies, among others. ▪ Generate a regular discussion circle among key company officials about current and potential impacts generated by the company's activity. ▪ Carry out monitoring of impacts and the results of actions for their mitigation, as a parallel activity to the company's daily activities. ▪ Address suggestions or complaints from communities and official entities regarding harmful practices by the company. ▪ The evaluation of these mitigation actions must be shown with quantitative or qualitative indicators. ▪ Respect and promote relevant national and international legislation and regulations, in environmental matters. ▪ Have the active support of Management, in such a way that the mission, vision, policies, strategic objectives, and operational plans are visible. ▪ Some examples of Environmental Regulations: Ley Orgánica del Ambiente No. 7554 of October 4, 1994, Ley General de Salud No. 5395 of October 23, 1973, Ley de Conservación de la Vida Silvestre No. 7317 of October 30, 1992, Ley Forestal No. 7575 of February 13, 1993, Reglamento sobre Emisión de Contaminantes Atmosféricos provenientes de Calderas. Decreto Ejecutivo No. 30222-S-MINAE, Ley Gestión Integral de Residuos No. 8839, May 25, 2010, Decreto Ejecutivo No. 33601 MINAE-S, Reglamento de Vertido y Rehusó de Aguas Residuales, among others. | |||||
| 2. Green Areas (Does not apply in the case of city hotels or those that do not have green areas) | |||||
| 2.1 | In the green areas, the vegetation is predominantly composed of species native to the region or the country, because the company has considered it a priority in landscape planning. | 2 | X | ||
| 2.2 | Introduced ornamental species are not spreading to other surrounding areas thanks to a management plan. | 1 | X | ||
| 2.3 | The native species are properly identified with their respective taxonomy (common name and scientific name). | 3 | X | ||
| 2.4 | A brief illustrative description is maintained in writing for informational purposes about the natural history and use of the native species labeled in the green areas. | 1 | X | ||
| 2.5 | For the maintenance of the green areas, inputs that are friendly to the environment, preferably organic, are used. | 2 | X | ||
| 2.6 | The company verifies that the phytosanitary products it uses are duly registered and authorized by the plant health service of the MAG. | 1 | X | ||
| Why? Green areas constitute a very valuable aesthetic element within tourism companies. They can be used as light spaces, green lungs, for bio-climatization (design of buildings considering climatic conditions, taking advantage of available resources (sun, vegetation, rain, winds) to decrease environmental impacts, attempting to reduce energy consumption), or be enhanced with less conventional uses such as waiting and rest areas, bird watching, medicinal plant gardens, nurseries, outdoor art exhibitions, or environmental education and interpretation. What is expected? That the Company: ▪ Considers that the design of green areas is a very important part of the company; therefore, it must reflect the company's vision regarding the environment, nature, and the country's tourism product to the tourist. ▪ Allows green areas to function as attraction points for native fauna species and migratory birds. ▪ Considers that green areas should not become natural barriers for local flora and fauna species. Recommended practices ▪ Use desirable sustainability criteria in green areas such as: use of native species, use of species that do not generate safety threats (fruits or defoliation that become slippery, attracting pests or diseases, lifting the ground with roots, self-pruning of falling branches). ▪ Conduct a survey of species in the green areas, mainly those found around common areas, to determine the percentage of native species on the property; this must be endorsed by a professional in the field. Employ species that feed and shelter native flora and fauna, for example: bromeliads, orchids, birds, mammals, and insects; employ harmless or organic fertilizers, disease and pest controllers; diversify strata and the species used. ▪ Establish interpretive labels. ▪ For purposes of placing labels on the flora of gardens, green areas, light courts, front gardens, nurseries, or at viewpoints and trails, the following data should be considered: common name, scientific name, botanical family, distribution, actual or potential uses, other data of interest. It is recommended not to nail or screw labels into trees and/or plants. ▪ Knowledge of the natural history of a space's biological resources is fundamental, so that the most relevant information and taxonomic data can be disseminated in a technical manner. To make it known, a self-guide for the client can be designed, placing it in lounge areas, rooms, among others. ▪ Use natural means for maintenance, such as organic fertilizers, natural repellents (plants with repellent aromas), insecticides based on plant extracts, thus avoiding the use of chemical products. This must be managed as another element of education and dissemination. ▪ Maintain information provided by the supplier of the products used and/or processes carried out to obtain them if the fertilizers and/or repellents are produced on the property. | |||||
| 3. Golf Course | |||||
| 3.1 | When the course was planned, the negative impacts it could cause were identified and evaluated, an alternative plan was created to reduce and compensate them, and a written record of this exists (the same impact matrix recommended for 1.1 and 1.2 can be used for this). | 3 | X | ||
| 3.2 | Bioclimatic and landscape architecture criteria were applied to the infrastructure when it was built, and this is documented by a professional who supports it. | 2 | X | ||
| 3.3 | The company has considered native vegetation as a priority in landscape planning and avoids the existence of invasive species on the land dedicated to the golf course. | 1 | X | ||
| 3.4 | The company has a guide or inventory of the existing flora and fauna species with their taxonomy and respective species information. | 2 | X | ||
| 3.5 | Within the preparation and maintenance processes of the golf course areas, the company uses environmentally friendly products, and its phytosanitary products are duly registered by the competent body (for turf and ornamental and arboreal areas). | 2 | X | ||
| 3.6 | The company carries out comprehensive water use management taking into account at least some of the following aspects: its most efficient use through a monitoring and optimization system to meet reduction targets, reuses wastewater for golf course irrigation, ensures it does so at times of day when it is most efficient, and has irrigation systems that maximize the use of water resources. | 3 | X | ||
| 3.7 | The company contributes to biodiversity conservation through environmental projects promoting the generation of habitats and biological corridors within the golf course areas, allowing wildlife to transit freely and guaranteeing plant continuity, which can serve for nesting, refuge, or feeding of fauna. | 3 | X | ||
| 3.8 | In the case of artificial lakes and/or wetlands, in addition to the aesthetic and decorative aspect, the company gives them appropriate environmental use for the development and strengthening of wildlife. | 2 | X | ||
| 3.9 | The company has electric carts, bicycles, or trails to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and also to maintain a quiet environment so that users or guests can enjoy the natural areas surrounding the property. | 3 | X | ||
| Why? ▪ Golf as a sports practice has experienced significant growth in recent years, as due to its special characteristics, it adapts to any age and almost any physical condition, satisfying the growing demands for leisure and health. ▪ Environmentally, golf, due to its large extension and capacity to adapt to the environment, can and should become an instrument that contributes to the preservation and improvement of the environmental and landscape values of the territory, both the place where it is located and its surroundings. ▪ From an economic point of view, golf is an activity that can represent a specific segment of the tourism sector that complements traditional offerings and introduces an element of qualification to them. What is expected? That the Company: ▪ When designing the golf course, respects and enhances the landscape resources present in the area, guaranteeing its integration with the identity of the place. ▪ Some considerations that can be taken into account are: existing topography, sensitive areas, flora and fauna, the drainage system, climatic conditions, buffer zones, and those other factors that ensure economic viability, sports practice, and landscape quality. ▪ Takes an interest in choosing a national or international program that supports the environmental management of the golf course, where the following factors are considered, for example: environmental planning, wildlife and habitat management, education and promotion, safety and reduced use of chemicals, conservation programs, and adequate water and energy management, among others. Recommended practices Nature conservation ▪ To preserve and protect fauna inside the golf course, designate some areas away from the playing zone as wildlife sanctuaries (vegetation patches). ▪ To encourage fauna inside the golf course, create supportive habitat in the form of interconnection corridors between these patches or islands. ▪ To improve the effectiveness of the sanctuaries and other habitat features, have buffer zones that protect the ecological core from any disturbance. ▪ Wetlands with shallow, inclined edges that allow the growth of a band of marginal vegetation. ▪ In artificial or natural lakes or lagoons, incorporate beach-like terminations to favor the growth of plants that allow the nesting of aquatic birds and fish spawning. ▪ Do not allow hunting inside the golf course. ▪ Regularly carry out a record of the fauna within the grounds. ▪ Take measures to avoid, as much as possible, running over and scaring away fauna. ▪ Carry out all new landscape architecture using native species. ▪ Carry out reforestation actions with native species and soil improvement of the golf course to avoid erosion. Landscape and cultural heritage ▪ The golf course blends well with the existing landscape and orography (the set of mountains of a region or country), does not clash with the local surroundings, nor does it have discordant features that conflict with the background structure and the pattern imposed by the landscape. ▪ The selected trees, shrubs, flowers, and grass complement the existing vegetation well. Native species should be chosen. ▪ On the golf course, the use of natural materials and colors that blend well with the surroundings is prioritized, so that objects, constructions, and paths are not visually discordant and do not provoke the sensation of being in an artificial landscape. ▪ Carry out a review of the cultural heritage (historical, archaeological, among others) of the site where the golf course is situated. Water resource management ▪ Keep track of the water consumed and establish usage standards for this resource. ▪ Select the varieties of turf (plant species in general) that best adapt to the climatic and soil characteristics of the area where the golf course is located, and are more efficient from the point of view of water consumption. ▪ Establish priority areas for irrigation, identifying those that require little or no watering. ▪ Perform regular checks of the irrigation system, with the intention of early detection of leaks, defective sprinkler heads, or those that do not provide adequate coverage, pump malfunction, among others. ▪ Regularly monitor soil moisture levels. ▪ Avoid irrigation in very windy conditions or during the day. ▪ Use hydro-receptor substances that accumulate water in the soil itself. ▪ Study the characteristics of the soil where the golf course is located and use the products and irrigation system that best adapt to them. ▪ Staff has received appropriate training for optimal water management. ▪ Use evapotranspiration indices and meteorological data to adjust the irrigation schedule. ▪ Water by hand only small dry areas to avoid flooding adjacent areas. ▪ Use depth probes to detect the groundwater depth and reduce unnecessary watering. ▪ Collect rainwater and use it for irrigation. ▪ Treat wastewater and use it for irrigation. ▪▪ Establish a system for regular monitoring of water conditions (salinity, among others) through chemical analyses. ▪ Monitor the population of aquatic invertebrates and amphibians that inhabit the wetlands of the course (these beings act as bio-indicators of water quality). ▪ Establish water-saving objectives. ▪ Have objectives linked to water quality. ▪ Make information about these objectives and the results achieved available to staff and golf course users. Management of playing turf and pests ▪ Select the most appropriate turf varieties (plant species in general) for the climate and soils of the area, taking into account their low susceptibility to insects, diseases, and weed infestation. ▪ For turf nutrition, use slow-release dosage or natural organic fertilizers. ▪ For pest monitoring and management, identify local diseases and weed and insect problems. ▪ Establish a program for regular monitoring of turf quality, moisture levels, soil fertility, and signs of pests and diseases. ▪ Keep a written history of monitoring activities, control measures used, and results obtained. ▪ Choose the least toxic pest controls; use methods such as biological and integrated control. Energy efficiency ▪ Establish objectives for reducing energy consumption. ▪ Inform workers and users of our facilities of the results obtained. ▪ Manage electricity consumption by making the maximum possible use of appropriate schedules. ▪ Have a preventive maintenance program for facilities based on which machinery and equipment, lighting, boilers, among others, are reviewed regularly. ▪ When purchasing equipment and machinery, give preference to the most fuel-efficient models and those that use clean, environmentally friendly energies. ▪ Use electric vehicles or those powered by solar energy. ▪ In all purchasing decisions, prioritize the choice of ecological alternatives. ▪ Require suppliers to collect used containers or to belong to an Integrated Management System (SIG). ▪ Install solar panels and progressively increase the generation and use of this type of clean energy. ▪ When purchasing any machinery (such as lawn mowers or pumps), take into account the noise it may produce, trying to minimize it. Communication and training ▪ Publish a brochure or magazine that regularly includes articles about the golf course's environmental projects and achievements. ▪ Produce informative material about the natural and cultural heritage of the golf course, making known, for example, the species of flora and fauna existing along the course. ▪ Name each hole after a species that lives on the golf course. ▪ Install a series of interpretive-informative labels situated at strategic points on the course. ▪ Erect signs to demarcate the boundaries of the wildlife sanctuaries existing on the course or to highlight their points of interest. ▪ Make the environmental program and the results achieved known to employees and clients, and have it available in a visible place. ▪ Some of the existing international certifications for golf courses are: Golf Environment Organisation (GEO), Biosphere, which is a distinction awarded by UNESCO through the Instituto de Turismo Responsable (ITR), an entity associated with UNESCO, which endorses that the activities of golf courses are carried out according to criteria of sustainability and care for the environment, and Audubon Cooperative Sanctuary Program, among others. | |||||
| 4. Natural Areas | |||||
| 4.1 | The company encourages its clients to visit protected wilderness areas through information provided for such purposes, as well as natural areas that have State recognition. | 1 | |||
| 4.2 | The company supports the maintenance or management of some protected wilderness area or some reserve or natural area. | 1 | |||
| 4.3 | In the case of operating tours to said wilderness area, the company complies with the established carrying capacity requested by the administrators of the wilderness area. | 2 | X | ||
| 4.4 | Within its areas, the company promotes the generation of natural habitats and biological corridors that allow wildlife to transit freely and guarantee plant continuity, which can serve for mating, nesting, refuge, or feeding of wildlife. | 2 | X | ||
| Why? ▪ A natural reserve or ecological reserve is a protected area of importance for wildlife, flora, or fauna, or with geological features of special interest that is protected and managed by man for conservation purposes and to provide research and education opportunities. ▪ Natural areas represent a vital point for the country's tourism image. ▪ The tourist should feel absolute congruence between the company's management policies and the protected wilderness areas they are invited to visit. What is expected? That the Company: ▪ Recognizes that environmental conservation generates local, regional, and national benefits, and with adequate responsible tourism management, these can be enhanced and consolidated in tourist destinations. ▪ Promotes the appropriate use of these natural areas as tourist destinations. ▪ Uses native species for landscaping and restoration purposes and adopts measures to prevent the introduction of invasive exotic species. ▪ Contributes to the conservation of biodiversity, supporting the State and other entities in the maintenance and management of these areas. ▪ Encourages the use of these areas adhering to the guidelines and standards established for such purposes. Recommended practices ▪ Promote environmental responsibility among committed tourism entrepreneurs by educating on environmental issues and raising awareness among both visitors and the local population. ▪ The Environmental Management Plan can incorporate very specific or general measures, such as policy design, training plans, to environmental education, reforestation, bioremediation (any process that uses microorganisms, fungi, plants, or the enzymes derived from them to return an environment altered by contaminants to its natural condition), among others. ▪ Maintain detailed information about nearby or non-nearby protected wilderness areas and local private reserves, including as a minimum: location, access routes, main attractions, facilities, visiting hours, capacity, established rules for the visit, among others. ▪ Train on and promote relevant legislation, for example: Ley Orgánica del Ambiente No. 7554, Ley de Conservación de la Vida Silvestre No. 7317, Ley de Biodiversidad No. 7788, Ley Zona Marítimo Terrestre No. 6043, Ley Forestal No. 7575. ▪ Know in advance the different carrying capacity criteria of the sites visited: o Physical: acceptable levels of congestion and visual impact: point at which ecological systems are maintained before damage occurs. o Economic: volume of tourism that generates optimal benefits without economic distortions for local communities. o Sociocultural: tourism development that can be socially absorbed without detriment to the lifestyle and activities of the local community. o Infrastructure: sufficient availability of services and facilities. ▪ Partner with local or national groups to promote conservation, through cooperation agreements, joint program implementation, among others. ▪ Whenever possible, acquire a private reserve on the grounds of the establishment or nearby, or in other areas of the country. | |||||
| 5. Protection of Flora and Fauna | |||||
| 5.1 | The company evidences and communicates its opposition to the extraction and commercialization of continental and marine wild flora and fauna species. | 2 | |||
| 5.2 | No wild animal species are kept in captivity within the establishment except for zoo breeding farms and rescue centers recognized by the competent authority. | 2 | |||
| 5.3 | The company has a policy of not encouraging and not permitting artificial feeders, and this is known by employees and clients in compliance with Ley de Parques Nacionales No. 6084. | 2 | |||
| 5.4 | The company's artificial lighting is adequately located to avoid disturbances to wildlife species, or it is adequately covered in some way to avoid or minimize disturbance to the species. | 2 | |||
| 5.5 | The company keeps noise-generating sources in adequate sites and/or with acoustic designs where it does not negatively affect its guests and neighbors, nor the behavior of wildlife species. | 1 | |||
| Why? Flora and fauna, together with the landscape where they develop their life cycles (habitat, reproduction, fruit and seed dispersal, competition, predation, among others), constitute one of the main elements of attraction for tourists. The interaction with wild species must not negatively affect the existence of populations in their natural environments; natural ecosystems are altered as little as possible and are rehabilitated; compensatory contributions are made to conservation management. What is expected? That the Company: ▪ Avoids alterations to the environment that impact the local flora and fauna, avoiding for example: excessive lighting, direct lighting on natural spaces, dangerous power lines, excessive noise, noise over natural spaces, nocturnal tourism activities in natural spaces without adequate control or guide, domestic animals in the area of influence. ▪ Prevents the sale, within the company, of plants or animals in any form, including by-products or handicrafts made from them, except those that have the proper permits. ▪ Respects and promotes relevant national and international legislation and regulations on the protection of flora and fauna, for example: Ley Orgánica del Ambiente, Ley No. 7554 of October 4, 1994, Ley de Conservación de la Vida Silvestre, Ley No. 7317 of October 30, 1992, Ley de Biodiversidad No. 7788, Convenio de Cites, 1975, Ley de Parques Nacionales No. 6084, of August 24, 1977. Recommended practices ▪ Establish a record of communications, letters, or others that demonstrate the support the company provides to regional or local organizations that protect the environment. ▪ Include in the information given in writing or verbally to the client or tourist a direct call for all their actions to contribute to the protection of flora and fauna in the regions they visit. ▪ Provide clients with information for the knowledge and interpretation of natural environments, local culture, cultural heritage. ▪ Instruct on the prohibition of extraction, captivity, and illegal commercialization of wild animals and plants. ▪ Prohibit artificial feeders in the company's green areas and inform clients about this regardless of whether there are green areas or not. ▪ Train and make it known to employees and guests that they should not feed wild animals artificially, because such practice can cause: health problems due to contamination or contagion from food exchange, the emergence of food dependency, loss of aspects of natural behavior, alteration of metabolic processes. ▪ Promote a monthly calendar that displays the dates of environmental celebrations in Costa Rica, for example: February 2 "World Wetlands Day", March 14 "International Day of Action against Dams and for Rivers, Water and Life", April 22 "World Earth Day", May 22 "International Day for Biological Diversity", June 5 "World Environment Day", last Monday of July "National Wildlife Day", among others. | |||||
| 6. |
Protection of Archaeological, Architectural, Historical, and Cultural Heritage Weighting | | | | | | 6.1 | The company collaborates with organized groups in activities such as: promotion, protection, or enhancement of archaeological, architectural, historical, or cultural heritage. | 3 | | | | | 6.2 | The company has a policy to train its contact staff and convey to its clients recommendations to reduce the negative impacts on the living and traditional cultures existing in the communities it visits. | 3 | | | | | 6.3 | The company demonstrates its resolve and has adequate procedures to prevent and report any commercialization of pieces of national heritage. | 1 | | | | | Why? ▪ Heritage is the set of creations made by a people throughout its history. Those creations distinguish it from other peoples and give it its sense of identity. ▪ The first distinction made is between natural heritage and cultural heritage: natural heritage consists of the variety of landscapes that make up the flora and fauna of a territory.
Natural heritage consists of biosphere reserves, natural monuments, national reserves and parks, and nature sanctuaries. ▪ Cultural heritage is formed by the cultural assets that history has bequeathed to a nation and by those created in the present to which society grants special historical, scientific, symbolic, or aesthetic importance; it is divided into two types: tangible and intangible. ▪ Tangible heritage is the expression of cultures through great material realizations. In turn, tangible heritage can be classified as movable tangible, which includes archaeological, historical, artistic, ethnographic, technological, religious objects, and those of artisanal or folkloric origin that constitute important collections for the sciences, art history, and the conservation of the country's cultural diversity, for example: works of art, books, manuscripts, documents, photographs, audiovisual documents, handicrafts; immovable tangible, consisting of places, sites, buildings, engineering works, industrial centers, architectural ensembles, typical zones, and monuments of interest or relevant value from an architectural, archaeological, historical, artistic, or scientific point of view, recognized and registered as such.
These immovable cultural assets are works or human productions that cannot be moved from one place to another. ▪ Intangible heritage is constituted by that invisible part that resides in the very spirit of cultures; it is the set of distinctive, spiritual and material, intellectual and affective features that characterize a society or a social group and that, beyond the arts and letters, encompasses ways of life, the fundamental rights of the human being, value systems, traditions, and beliefs. Some elements that constitute it are: language, customs, religions, legends, myths, music, among others. What is expected? That the Company: ▪ Knows that natural and cultural heritage, its protection is as a whole a high-ranking attraction. Its degradation would mean a direct economic detriment to tourism activity and to the heritage manifestations and values of our country. ▪ Knowledge, acceptance, and protection of the values, beliefs, and traditions of each locality are a human imperative to maintain social cohesion and an indispensable condition for achieving sustainable development. ▪ Becomes a watcher and guarantor of the protection of the national heritage and must invite its collaborators and clients to comply with the policies and actions proposed in this matter.
Recommended practices ▪ The company must respect the natural and cultural heritage found in the surroundings when acquiring land, designing, and constructing the building and infrastructure. ▪ It must help protect local properties and sites that are historically, archaeologically, culturally, or spiritually important, and not impede local residents' access to them. ▪ Collaborators and clients are provided with information and interpretation about the natural surroundings, the local culture, the cultural and natural heritage, and they are also informed about what proper behavior should be while visiting natural areas, living cultures, and cultural and natural heritage sites. ▪ Maintain a record of organized groups that carry out protection activities for natural and cultural heritage in the areas where the company operates. ▪ Comply with the current legislation related to this topic, for example: Law No. 6703 of January 12, 1982, Defense and Conservation of the National Archaeological Heritage, Law No. 4711 of January 13, 1971, "Recommendations on the conservation of cultural assets that the execution of public or private works may endanger." Law No. 7526 of July 5, 1995, "Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property," Law No. 5980 of December 24, 1976, "Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage"; among others.
Celebration of the International Museum Day, May 18. | | | | | | | | 7. Climate Change | | | | | | 7.1 | The company carries out measurements that allow it to quantify the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from its operation or, failing that, its ecological footprint (huella ecológica). | 2 | | | | | 7.2 | The company uses its quantification of GHG emissions or ecological footprint (huella ecológica) to set its general and specific objectives, managing to have a strategy for climate change in the sustainable development of its administrative and operational management. | 3 | | | | | 7.3 | The company carries out projects or actions and/or participates in a program committed to climate change that are developed in vulnerable areas of the country. | 2 | | | | | 7.4 | The company uses transportation service providers that offset, mitigate, or reduce their GHG emissions or their ecological footprint (huella ecológica). | 3 | | | | | 7.5 | The company raises awareness, informs, or educates its different stakeholders about the effects of Climate Change. | 1 | | | | | 7.6 | The company offsets the environmental damage produced by the emission of GHGs or its ecological footprint (huella ecológica) inherent to its operation and monitors the destination of its offset to ensure its proper use. | 3 | | | | | 7.7 | The company invites or communicates to the visitor to be part of programs to offset the environmental damage produced by GHG emissions or their ecological footprint (huella ecológica). | 1 | | | | | 7.8 | The company involves the visitor directly in the programs to offset the environmental damage produced by GHG emissions or their ecological footprint (huella ecológica). | 1 | | | | | Why? ▪ To achieve the objective of climate neutrality, Costa Rica is implementing a comprehensive national climate change strategy consistent with its local and global responsibilities.
"Fewer emissions and more sinks (any process, activity, or mechanism that removes a greenhouse gas, an aerosol, or a precursor of a GHG from the atmosphere)" is an appropriate mitigation strategy, which is complemented by adaptation measures derived from vulnerability and risk studies. Climate change is a harsh current reality and will unfortunately continue to deteriorate until a global agreement stabilizes greenhouse gases in the atmosphere; adaptation measures to reduce the vulnerability of different sectors, regions, communities, and ecosystems must also be of the highest priority. ▪ And as part of the objectives to comply with what is proposed in the National Climate Change Strategy (ENCC), the Tourism Sector is responsible for developing and implementing the Strategic Climate Change Plan, where the general objective of this Plan will be to achieve by 2021, that 100% of the companies affiliated with this sector are implementing measurable practices for the mitigation of Greenhouse Gases (GHG), and offsetting all GHG emissions generated by their operation. ▪ Now, what is the greenhouse effect?
The sun emits radiation towards the earth, part of that energy is returned to space again, some gases in the atmosphere trap a fraction of that returned energy; the trapped energy allows maintaining an adequate temperature to develop life on earth. ▪ So the problem occurs when the amount of gases that trap energy in the atmosphere increases and the earth warms more than it should, which is currently happening. The greenhouse gases are: carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, and also the gases that destroy the ozone layer, which are produced through the clearing and burning of forests and crop residues, poor waste management, improper use of fertilizers, the use of aerosols, some industrial processes, among others. What is expected? That the Company: ▪ Becomes aware of the importance of contributing to the achievement of the objectives set forth in the National Strategy and the National Plan of the Tourism Sector for Climate Change. ▪ Develops a growth opportunity by developing a corporate strategy on climate change, focused on reducing its energy consumption and including new low-carbon energy sources and materials within its value chain to reduce its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and its carbon footprint.
This strategy will allow them to enter new markets and be able to communicate it to their stakeholders, which is a fundamental basis for strengthening their competitiveness. Recommended practices ▪ Make specific efforts to reduce or eliminate the gases emitted into the atmosphere, such as CO2, generated by its activity. ▪ It must calculate its carbon footprint to make its particular contribution, which refers to the measure of the impact caused by human activities on the environment, determined according to the amount of greenhouse gases produced (GHG), measured in units of carbon dioxide. In some cases, emissions linked to the marketing, transportation, and processing of products or services may also be included. The carbon footprint calculator is a tool whose objective is to estimate the CO2 emissions, and in some cases other gases, produced by the use of energy, transportation, and other human activities. ▪ Some elements that can be considered in the Company's Mitigation Plan, among others, are: energy demand (gas, electricity, and fossil fuels), through the search for alternative energy use, efficient technologies, energy consumption reduction plans, among others; water resource consumption, opting for the implementation of mechanisms for reducing water consumption, use of efficient technology, water reuse, implementation of savings programs; wastewater, implementing adequate wastewater treatment systems, e.g.: treatment plant, biodigester, among others; solid and liquid waste generation, monitoring of waste quantity, reduction, recycling programs; fossil fuel consumption in transportation, implementing a plan to offset the GHGs produced by land, air, and maritime transportation used in its operation, avoiding the use of internal combustion transport. ▪ There are public and private entities that have initiatives, for example: National Chamber of Ecotourism, CANAECO "Travelers with Climate Conscience," which is a program to offset emissions caused by international flights to Costa Rica; National Forestry Financing Fund, FONAFIFO, which offers "CSA-Clean Trip" that is aimed at offsetting the GHG emissions generated by using fossil fuels from air transportation on your visit to Costa Rica, the Ecological Blue Flag Program, among others. ▪ Invite collaborators and tourists to participate in the programs developed by the company on this transcendental topic. | | | | | | | | 8.
Water Consumption | | | | | | 8.1 | Water consumption is continuously monitored by means of meters or alternative systems, and based on the sources of origin, and thanks to this, data is available in graphic form (last six months) of the average monthly water consumption per guest and the total for the establishment. | 2 | | | | | 8.2 | The company has, in written form, goals in quantitative and percentage terms for water savings. | 1 | | | | | 8.3 | The company carries out periodic inspections of pipes in order to locate water leaks and keeps a written record. | 1 | | | | | 8.4 | The company uses water-saving devices in faucets, showers, and sanitary ware. | 2 | | | | | 8.5 | A person has been appointed in the company to be responsible for monitoring water consumption and ensuring the execution of activities for saving it. | 1 | | | | | 8.6 | The company has periodic analyses to ensure the quality of water and ice for human consumption issued by an authorized entity (at least one per semester). | 3 | | | | | 8.7 | The company has a semi-annual analysis to ensure the quality of the pool water (at least one per semester). | 3 | | | X | | 8.8 | The company has a well-managed and controlled procedure and system to supply chlorine to the pool when required, according to the standards of the Ministry of Health or, failing that, some other alternative system that completely avoids the use of chlorine. | 2 | | | X | | Why? ▪ Although water is often thought to be an abundant and infinite natural resource, this is not the case; of all the water existing on the planet, only a minimal fraction is directly usable water, and it is distributed unevenly. 97% of the water on our planet is saltwater found in seas or oceans, and the remaining 3% is freshwater.
Of this amount, 77.6% is concentrated in the polar ice caps and glaciers, is deep inaccessible water, or is in the atmosphere, so only 0.6% of the total is available for human consumption. ▪ In the last 30 years, human activity has had negative effects on the water cycle, mainly due to three causes: the modification of the earth's surface, contamination, and overexploitation of the resource. What is expected? That the Company: ▪ Knows the amount of water the company consumes in its operation and generates actions to achieve a reduction in the level of consumption. ▪ Uses a meter or meters to monitor water consumption and has their location. ▪ Has evidence of a record of monthly water consumption data for at least the last six months, indicating year, month, and unit of measurement. ▪ Verifies that it has established goals in quantitative and percentage terms for a given period, taking into account the information generated in the water consumption data record. ▪ Carries out periodic inspections to locate possible leaks and proceeds to repair them, keeping a written control of them that allows follow-up. ▪ Uses water-saving devices in conventional equipment (faucets, showers, and toilets) or installs efficient equipment. ▪ Monitors the quality of water and ice for human consumption, at least one semi-annual analysis. ▪ Monitors the quality of pool water, at least one semi-annual analysis. ▪ Uses minimum chlorine concentrations for pool treatment, minimizing the possible negative impact on users and the environment, in the case where traditional treatment is used for pool water treatment. ▪ Keeps a regulated and written control of the pool chlorination.
Recommended practices ▪ Monitor water consumption: ▪ Monitoring is a continuous function whose main objective is to provide stakeholders with early indications of progress, or lack of progress, in achieving the goals set. ▪ The evaluation of water consumption, regardless of the water supply source used (own well or spring (naciente), rural aqueduct, municipal aqueduct, or the Costa Rican Institute of Aqueducts and Sewers (AyA)), must be an exercise that constantly and objectively evaluates progress towards a result. Evaluation is not an isolated event; it involves analysis of different scope and depth, carried out at different times in response to the changing needs for knowledge and learning during the process of achieving a certain result. ▪ It is important to maintain the consumption record for the meter or meters the company has and to graph the data in order to be able to assess it and make decisions and actions to follow or modify existing ones. ▪ Establish goals in quantitative and percentage terms: establish achievable goals taking into consideration the variables resulting from the analysis of the collected consumption data and the savings actions and campaigns executed. ▪ Use water-saving devices: water-saving devices, used to modify the consumption of faucets and equipment to which they are applied, avoid replacing existing equipment and optimize consumption.
Low water consumption devices are very diverse. ▪ Flow reducers can be incorporated into the pipes of sinks or showers to prevent water consumption from exceeding a set consumption level. ▪ Aerators can be screwed onto faucet spouts to incorporate air into the water stream and thus reduce consumption without any detriment to the user. ▪ The placement of bricks or plastic bottles filled with sand inside the tanks is not an appropriate solution; however, if traditional toilets with flush volumes of between 15 and 22 liters per flush are installed, homemade saving devices could be used to reduce water consumption, such as bottles inside the toilet tanks, which must be filled with water and/or sand and closed with their airtight cap. They must be placed upright on both sides of the toilet tank, taking care that they do not interrupt the free operation of the internal accessories. Verify that when the lever is pressed, solids are properly dragged down.
The number of bottles to be introduced varies according to the size of the tank. ▪ Currently, there are certain types of faucets or taps that have savings devices, automatic water flow shut-off (widely used in sinks, urinals, and toilets); others have a combined aeration system, which produces a lower than normal flow, and in the case of toilets, there are toilets on the market that discharge less water; among the flush tank options, there are now models that use less than 6 liters; other models allow partial flushing, depending on the use, whether it is only liquid or contains solids. ▪ Carry out analysis of the quality of water, ice, and pool: regardless of the water supply source used (own well or spring (naciente), rural aqueduct, municipal aqueduct, or the Costa Rican Institute of Aqueducts and Sewers (AyA)), carry out at least once every six months a bacteriological laboratory analysis on the water and ice for internal consumption to guarantee the potability of the liquid to users. ▪ In cases where the company is supplied with water from private wells (which may be of a lower quality standard), it is important to inform users that they cannot drink it directly from the faucets, and that they must do so in the places and sources indicated by the Administration. ▪ Just as with drinking water, carry out at least once every six months a bacteriological laboratory analysis on the pool water to guarantee quality service. ▪ Review related regulations: Executive Decree No. 35309-S "Regulation on Pool Management" of March 30, 2009, published in La Gaceta No. 127 of July 2, 2009, Water Law No. 276 of August 26, 1949; Executive Decree No. 25991-S "Regulation on Drinking Water Quality" of April 14, 1997, Law No. 7554 of October 4, 1994 "Organic Law of the Environment", Law 5516 of May 28, 1974; among others. | | | | | | | | 9.
Energy Consumption | | | | | | 9.1 | Energy consumption is continuously monitored by means of meters and based on the source of origin, in such a way that it allows keeping a monthly record of data in graphic form (last six months) of energy consumption, by average monthly per guest and overall. | 2 | | | X | | 9.2 | The company has, in written form, goals in quantitative and percentage terms for energy savings. | 1 | | | X | | 9.3 | A person has been appointed in the company to be responsible for monitoring energy consumption and ensuring the execution of activities for saving it. | 1 | | | X | | 9.4 | The company is using natural lighting in most of its areas to reduce energy expenditure. | 1 | | | | | 9.5 | There is a formal energy-saving program that includes permanent actions such as an informative, inclusive, and participatory campaign directed at collaborators, guests, and other stakeholders. | 3 | | | X | | 9.6 | The company is using alternative energy sources for lighting, water heating or preheating, such as pumping or others, such as (photovoltaic cells, wind energy, hydraulic energy, biodigesters, or other alternative systems) | 3 | | | X | | 9.7 | The establishment has a written inventory of light fixtures where at least 80% are low-consumption. | 1 | | | X | | 9.8 | Some of the following types of devices are used: automatic shut-off, presence switches, circuit deactivation, sensors, photo cells, or others. | 2 | | | X | | 9.9 | The company uses new technologies for energy savings in refrigeration and laundry equipment. | 1 | | | X | | 9.10 | The hot water tanks and their | X | | 9.11 | Adequate systems and new technologies are being used to increase efficiency in the air conditioning system. | 2 | | | X | | 9.12 | There is a strict air and gas leak control program in the refrigeration and air conditioning systems. | 1 | | | X | | 9.13 | In the laundry, solar heat is used for drying clothes, in areas properly conditioned for this purpose. | 2 | | | X | | Clarification note: The Not Applicable (NA) included in this question are exclusive for companies whose energy consumption is zero.
If the company consumes energy for at least one hour a day, the questions would apply according to each case. Why? Currently, the use of energy is vital for the functioning of human activity, but one must have the responsibility to use it rationally, since the production of part of that energy has a very high cost, especially if derivatives of fossil fuels such as oil, gas, and coal, which are non-renewable resources, are used in a complementary manner. What is expected? That the Company: ▪ Monitors the amount of energy the company consumes in its operation and generates actions to achieve a reduction in the level of consumption. ▪ Demonstrates the use of a meter or meters to monitor energy consumption and their location. ▪ Presents a record of monthly energy consumption data for at least the last six months, indicating year, month, and unit of measurement. ▪ Demonstrates that goals have been established in quantitative and percentage terms for a given period, taking into account the information generated in the energy consumption data record. ▪ Has a person in charge of monitoring energy consumption and a series of measures aimed at reducing consumption. ▪ Shows that the company has buildings that allow the entry of natural light and ventilation. ▪ Presents a Preventive Maintenance Program that allows detecting repetitive failures, reducing downtime due to stoppages, increasing the useful life of equipment, reducing repair costs, in addition to detecting weak points in the installation. ▪ Preventive maintenance generally deals with determining the operating conditions, durability, and reliability of equipment; this type of maintenance helps reduce the time that may be generated by corrective maintenance. ▪ The purpose of preventive maintenance is: to find and correct minor problems before they cause failures.
Preventive maintenance can be defined as a complete list of activities, all carried out by; users, operators, and maintenance, to ensure the correct functioning of the plant, buildings, machines, equipment, pipes, among others. ▪ Demonstrates the existence of actions aimed at inviting guests and collaborators to participate in the measures and initiatives aimed at reducing energy use. ▪ Evidences the use of alternative systems for water heating, for example: wind energy (produced by the movement of the wind), solar energy (uses solar radiation), biomass (uses the decomposition of organic waste). ▪ Evidences the use of alternative systems for lighting, for example: wind energy (produced by the movement of the wind), solar energy (uses solar radiation), biomass (uses the decomposition of organic waste). ▪ Demonstrates through the preparation of an inventory, the use of low-consumption light fixtures in at least 80% of the company's needs. ▪ Uses devices that allow the turning off of light fixtures and electrical equipment when their use is not necessary. ▪ Uses materials in hot water pipes and tanks that contribute to thermal insulation that help reduce energy consumption. ▪ Chooses the most suitable type of air conditioning for the existing buildings. ▪ Takes advantage of solar heat and wind for drying, avoiding the use of electric or gas-powered dryers as much as possible.
Recommended practices ▪ Monitor energy consumption: ▪ Monitoring is a continuous function whose main objective is to provide stakeholders with early indications of progress, or lack of progress, in achieving the goals set. ▪ The evaluation of energy consumption must be an exercise that constantly and objectively evaluates progress towards a result. Evaluation is not an isolated event; it involves analysis of different scope and depth, carried out at different times in response to the changing needs for knowledge and learning during the process of achieving a certain result. ▪ It is important to maintain the consumption record for the meter or meters the company has and to graph the data in order to be able to assess it and make decisions and actions to follow or modify existing ones. ▪ Establish goals in quantitative and percentage terms: establish achievable goals taking into consideration the variables resulting from the analysis of the collected consumption data and the savings actions and campaigns executed. ▪ Designate a responsible person: for a savings program to develop properly, it is necessary to have a person in charge and responsible for it (despite everyone being responsible for the good use of energy) and for that person to follow up on it. ▪ Maximize the use of natural light and ventilation: the inputs provided by nature are cheaper and less polluting.
Natural light and ventilation are resources that must be used to the maximum to illuminate and create pleasant environments in the buildings of lodging establishments. ▪ Develop a Maintenance Program: Preventive Maintenance ensures efficient operation of electrical equipment, allowing the proper use of energy and its savings. ▪ Design an energy consumption saving campaign: promote the turning off of lights when their use is not strictly necessary. The intention is that information be provided to the collaborator and guests be invited to collaborate in energy saving. ▪ Use alternative systems for water heating or preheating: energy consumption to heat water in a lodging company represents a fairly high percentage, which is why the use of alternative energies is recommended. ▪ Use alternative systems for lighting: energy consumption for lighting in a lodging company represents a fairly high percentage, which is why the use of alternative energies is recommended. ▪ Depending on topographic and climatological conditions and according to the possibilities of each company, the use of the following is viable: ▪ Own hydroelectric energy (if the property has rivers with a certain flow that allow installing plants capable of supplying the demand of the facilities). ▪ Solar energy (by panels for photovoltaic generation or for water heaters), in any part of the country, but conveniently in regions with a higher percentage of sun hours.
▪ Wind energy (by windmills) to power turbines that provide lighting for the facilities. ▪ Biogas energy, either through a biodigester using organic waste or fecal matter, which can be installed on rural properties, preferably those with agricultural activities. ▪ Use efficient lighting systems: the use of efficient-type bulbs is a way to save for both the company's management and for society. ▪ Use devices with new technology: the use of technology that allows automatic shut-off of electrical equipment should be seen as a medium- and long-term investment and as a fundamental part of Sustainability. ▪ Use heat-insulating materials on tanks and pipes: the use of materials that allow heat to be insulated in pipes and storage tanks for hot water is essential for energy savings. ▪ Use new technologies in air conditioning and refrigeration equipment: in a lodging establishment, energy expenditure on air conditioning and refrigeration represents a high percentage.
Efficiency in cooling systems is not only focused on the technology used; the design and location of these systems are also important, since air conditioners located at floor level produce thermal imbalance due to the higher density of cold air, reducing the efficiency of these systems and increasing energy consumption. ▪ Use the sun and air: reducing energy consumption from the use of dryers in the laundry is achieved by using spaces intended for drying clothes and other types of garments used in the operation that require washing, using the heat of the sun and the wind. ▪ Be aware of the Energy Efficiency Program of the Energy Conservation Area of the Strategic Business Unit for Customer Service of the Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad and the other Program of the Dept. of Energy Efficiency of the Dirección de Conservación de Energía of the Compañía Nacional de Fuerza y Luz. ▪ Review related regulations: Law No. 7447 "Regulación y Uso Racional de la Energía", of November 3, 1994; Law No. 44 9 "Orgánica del Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad", Law No. 7200 "Generación Eléctrica Autónoma o Paralela"; Law No. 7788 "Biodiversidad"; Law No. 7414 "Convención Marco de la ONU sobre Cambio Climático", among others.
| | | | | | | | | 10. Management of Organic and Inorganic Waste and Residues | | | | | | 10.1 | The production of waste (organic, inorganic, recyclable and non-recyclable) in terms of quantity and composition is continuously monitored, in the form of a record, chart, or logbook. | 1 | | | | | 10.2 | A formal solid and liquid waste management program exists that includes permanent actions. | 2 | | | | | 10.3 | An informative, inclusive, and participatory campaign exists, directed at collaborators, guests, and other stakeholders. | 3 | | | | | 10.4 | A plan exists (in quantitative terms) that stipulates the reduction goals for the amount of waste produced (organic, inorganic, recyclable and non-recyclable) that the establishment has set for itself. | 2 | | | | | 10.5 | A responsible person and an activity execution schedule for the reduction of waste produced (organic, inorganic, recyclable and non-recyclable) exist in the company, and this is known by all collaborators, clients, and other stakeholders. | 1 | | | | | 10.6 | A conditioned site (with hygiene and safety standards) exists where the separation and final storage of the waste produced (organic, inorganic, recyclable and non-recyclable) is carried out. | 2 | | | | | 10.7 | The company participates in a recycling program, with properly classified residues. | 3 | | | | | 10.8 | The company verifies and guarantees that the collection and final disposal of recyclable and non-recyclable waste and residues is done appropriately. | 2 | | | | | ¿Por qué? ▪ Any type of material generated by human activity and destined to be discarded is called residue.
A large amount of things that could be reused or continue to be valuable goods are thrown into the trash daily; many residues can be recycled if adequate technologies are available and the process is economically profitable. ▪ Good waste management aims not to lose the economic value and utility that many of them may have and to use them as useful materials instead of discarding them. ▪ The continuous increase in the amount of waste generated is causing significant problems. Among the goods used, there are more and more objects that are manufactured to last a few years and then be replaced by others, and that are not worth repairing because it is more expensive than buying a new one. ▪ Many products, from paper tissues or napkins to razors, diapers, or beverage cans, are designed to be used once and then discarded. Things are used and discarded in large quantities, without a clear awareness, in many cases, that something must be done with all this waste afterward. ▪ The problem is aggravated because growing activity generates many products that are toxic or very difficult to incorporate into the cycles of natural elements.
On several occasions, chemical products accumulated in landfills that were later covered with earth and used to build housing have caused serious problems, even damaging people's health. ▪ There is no single, clear solution to this problem. Recycling is the best option from an environmental point of view, but it has its limits. At present, it is combined with treatment plants, landfills, and incinerators, although it must not be forgotten that an essential action is to reduce the quantities of waste produced. ▪ Establishing solid waste management plans is a necessity to prevent the problem from increasing with the growth of tourism. Tourism companies must contribute to this situation, since they are some of those that produce the greatest amount of waste. ¿Qué se espera? That the Company: ▪ Collect information on the quantity and type of waste produced in the company. The company must constantly monitor how waste is produced, starting by knowing how much is produced, keeping a statistic of its quantity and composition. ▪ Develop an internal Management Plan to achieve a reduction in the amount of waste produced. ▪ Demonstrate the existence of actions aimed at inviting guests and collaborators to participate in the measures and initiatives aimed at reducing waste production both within the company's facilities and outside them. ▪ Demonstrate that goals have been established in quantitative and percentage terms for a specific period, taking into account the information generated in the data record of waste production (organic, inorganic, recyclable and non-recyclable) that the establishment has set for itself. ▪ Have a person in charge of monitoring the production of waste (organic, inorganic, recyclable and non-recyclable) and a series of measures aimed at reducing its production. ▪ Have a site arranged for the separation of the waste produced (organic, inorganic, recyclable and non-recyclable) in areas and deposits away from tourist circulation areas, preventing winds from carrying odors to other sites used by visitors.
It is important that the places intended for storage before waste collection are roofed and isolated from animals. ▪ Participate in Recycling Programs aimed at the recovery, directly or indirectly, of the components contained in the residues. These Programs should tend to achieve the conservation of natural resources, a reduction in the volume of waste that must be eliminated, and protection of the environment. ▪ Ensure that the final destination of the waste produced (organic, inorganic, recyclable and non-recyclable) does not affect the environment and communities near the final disposal site, verifying the treatment given to it. Prácticas recomendadas ▪ Monitor waste production: monitoring is a continuous function whose main objective is to provide stakeholders with early indications of progress, or lack of progress, in achieving the set goals. ▪ It is important to keep a record of the waste produced (organic, inorganic, recyclable and non-recyclable) and to graph the data in order to assess it and make decisions and actions to follow or modify existing ones. ▪ Monitoring must be carried out with the participation of the company's personnel, as well as with the collaboration of visitors, under the coordination of responsible persons. ▪ Waste can be measured in volume units (bags of the same size and capacity) or by weight (in kilograms), so that it can be monitored whether the objective of reducing them is being met within the deadlines set in a Management Plan. ▪ Design a Management Plan that must take into account aspects such as:
| | | | | | | | | 11. Wastewater (Aguas Residuales) | | | | | | 11.1 | The company uses some biological treatment system for greywater. | 1 | | | | | 11.2 | The company has grease traps and presents its due cleaning and maintenance plan. | 1 | | | | | 11.3 | The company has a functioning wastewater treatment system to prevent its raw disposal into national waters. | 3 | | | | | 11.4 | The company keeps in writing a strict control with at least semi-annual reports on the composition of its wastewater in the form of records. | 3 | | X | | | 11.5 | The company holds the Wastewater Quality Certification (Certificación de la Calidad de Aguas Residuales) granted by the competent authority if it discharges into a receiving body. | 2 | | X | | | 11.6 | Stormwater (aguas pluviales) is managed in an adequate manner, without causing alteration to the environment or optimizing its use according to the geographic region where the establishment is located. | 2 | | | | | ¿Por qué? ▪ The term wastewater (agua residual) defines a type of water that is contaminated with polluting agents (fecal substances and urine), originating from human or animal organic waste.
Its importance is such that it requires channeling, treatment, and removal systems. Its null or improper treatment generates serious pollution problems. ▪ Wastewater is also called sewage (aguas servidas), fecal water, or blackwater (cloacales). They are residual since, after water has been used, it constitutes a waste product, something that is of no use to the direct user; and blackwater (cloacales) because it is transported through sewers (cloacas), a name habitually given to the collector. The term blackwater (aguas negras) is also equivalent due to the dark coloration it presents. ▪ All natural waters contain variable amounts of other substances in concentrations ranging from a few mg/liter in rainwater to about 35 mg/liter in seawater. To this must be added, in wastewater, the impurities from the waste-producing process, which are what are properly called discharges. Wastewater can be contaminated by urban waste or come from various industrial processes. ▪ The composition and its treatment can differ greatly from one case to another.
Wastewater treatment consists of a series of physical, chemical, and biological processes aimed at eliminating the physical, chemical, and biological contaminants present in the water effluent from human use. The objective of the treatment is to produce clean water (or treated effluent) or reusable water in the environment, and a solid residue or sludge (also called biosolid or mud) suitable for disposal or reuse. ▪ Wastewater can be treated within the site where it is generated (for example: treatment plants, septic tanks, or other means of purification) or it can be collected and transported via a network of pipes – and eventually pumps – to a municipal treatment plant. ▪ Typically, wastewater treatment begins with the initial physical separation of large solids (garbage) from the stream of domestic or industrial waters using a grating system (meshes), although these materials can also be shredded by special equipment; subsequently, sand removal (separation of very dense small solids such as sand) is applied followed by a primary sedimentation (or similar treatment) that separates the suspended solids existing in the wastewater.
¿Qué se espera? That the Company: ▪ Use biological catalysts (bacteria and/or microorganisms) in biological treatment systems to improve the capacity to degrade organic matter. ▪ Have a functioning wastewater treatment system to prevent its raw disposal into national waters, minimizing negative environmental impacts. Some treatment systems, for example: ▪ Treatment Plants: these are facilities where contaminants are removed from wastewater to make it safe for health and the environment when disposed of in a natural receiving body (sea, rivers, or lakes) or for its reuse in other activities of our daily life, with the exception of human consumption (not for ingestion or personal hygiene). Different wastewater treatment plant systems exist: ▪ The aerobic system, which uses sedimentation and open-air oxidation ponds. The advantages of this system are the economy of operation since it does not require chemicals or energy input, and also the production of biogas which can be used in various activities. ▪ The anaerobic system, which is very compact, closed, and does not emit odors into the environment.
An important characteristic of anaerobic digestion is the production of biogas, which can be used in generators for electricity production and/or in boilers for heating purposes. ▪ Septic Tanks: a septic tank is that pit that receives and treats sewage (aguas servidas) coming from a building. In this pit, the solid part of the sewage is separated by a sedimentation process, and through the so-called "septic process," the organic matter in this water is stabilized to transform it into harmless sludge. Generally, a septic tank is built from a large rectangular box, which has one or more compartments responsible for receiving excrement and greywater. Most commonly, these tanks are buried and covered by a layer of concrete. Their main objective is to recycle sewage, eliminating solid waste over a period of one to three days. Because these pits have a very high concentration of organic material and pathogenic organisms (which can cause various diseases and infections), they need to be hermetic, durable, and of a very stable structure; however, they must have a cover through which inspection and emptying tasks can be carried out, and additionally, due to the gases emanating from the tank, it is recommended to install a ventilation pipe. ▪ Monitor the composition and quality of the wastewater based on the standards set for this purpose. ▪ Hold the Wastewater Quality Certification (Certificación de Calidad de Aguas Residuales) issued by official entities. ▪ Collect rainwater through some system of channels or other systems that return the water to the natural ground without producing negative erosion effects.
Prácticas recomendadas ▪ Use a wastewater treatment system: treatment systems are physical, chemical, and/or biological processes whose purpose is to improve the quality of the wastewater to which they are applied, so that it can have other uses or be returned to nature in the best possible conditions so that it integrates again into aquifers. ▪ Maintain strict control over the composition of the wastewater: perform physical-chemical analyses of treated wastewater through an accredited Laboratory in order to verify that the environment is not being contaminated, at least once every six months for each of the treatment systems within the facilities. ▪ Submit operational reports as established by the Reglamento de Vertido y Reuso de Aguas Residuales (Decreto Ejecutivo No. 33601-MINAE-S, published in Alcance No. 8 to La Gaceta No. 55, of March 19, 2007), it is the obligation of every generating entity (understood as any individual or legal entity, public or private, responsible for the reuse of wastewater or its discharge into a receiving body or sanitary sewer system) to submit Operational Reports. ▪ Said reports must be submitted to the Department of Environmental Control of the Ministry of Health (if the discharge is into a receiving body or if the water is reused) or to the Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados and the institution that administers the sanitary sewer system (if the discharge is into a conduit of this type). ▪ Request the Wastewater Quality Certification from the relevant authority: physical-chemical parameters must be met so that the Wastewater Quality Certificate is granted by the Ministry of Health in the case of treatment plants that discharge their treated water into an effluent, or by Acueductos y Alcantarillados in the case of a Municipal Sanitary Sewer System. ▪ Use adequate systems for proper stormwater management: gutters, downspouts, drainage, pipes, concrete ditches, or use of riprap are considered adequate actions to prevent stormwater from causing soil erosion or flooding.
| | | | | | | | | Plant Service Area | | | | | | | 12. Formulation of Policies and Processes | | | | | | 12.1 | The company has established its mission and vision. | 1 | | | | | 12.2 | The company has a strategic plan in which objectives, plans, and actions to be developed from a sustainability perspective are defined. | 2 | | | | | 12.3 | The company periodically verifies the effectiveness of its strategic plan, and it is disseminated and known by all its directors, managers, supervisors, heads, and other collaborators of the company. | 2 | | | | | 12.4 | Mechanisms or internal policies exist to comply with the legislation applicable to the company, which is disclosed to its personnel, suppliers, and stakeholders, such as Law 7600, Code of Conduct, among others. | 2 | | | | | ¿Por qué? The concept of administration comes from the Latin ad, meaning direction toward or tendency toward, and minister, meaning obedience and subordination.
In these terms and etymologically, the word suggests someone who performs a function for another in a relationship of obedience and subordination. Each of the phases of the administrative process has a conceptual definition that seeks to delimit its scope and consequently facilitates its understanding. These phases are defined as: ▪ Planning: refers to a set of activities aimed at seeking rationality in decision-making in the short (1 year), medium (between 1 and 5 years), and long term (more than 5 years). Usually, short-term planning is called operational planning and long-term planning is called strategic planning. In this planning, the general objectives and policies of the company are defined. ▪ Organizing: this comprises the design of the company's structure (usually represented in an organization chart). The organizing phase must provide clarity on the material and social elements that will allow it to operate. ▪ Direction: refers to the ability to guide people in fulfilling the company's objectives.
High and middle management differ within and between organizations; this is mainly explained by the way in which people in these positions exercise their leadership (ability to influence others) over the rest of the people who are part of the company. ▪ Coordination: is the way in which the company's activities are harmonized in their execution so as to facilitate work and obtain the expected results. ▪ Control: it is verified that all activities are executed in accordance with the operational plans and that there is consonance with the strategic plan. This part of the process allows for identifying errors and weaknesses in the execution of activities, in order to make the necessary corrective actions that optimize resources and allow for the achievement of objectives. It is said, then, that the company's philosophy is determined by a set of postulates or basic principles that define its work and delimit its relationship with the environment.
The philosophy is expressed in terms of the vision and mission it sets for itself. The mission and policies are action guides that unify the company's activity, which are necessary to maximize the appropriate use of the resources the company is using. ¿Qué se espera? That the Company: ▪ Has an organizational structure and manuals that serve as means of communication and coordination to record and transmit in an orderly and systematic manner both information and the instructions and guidelines necessary for better performance of their tasks. ▪ That it has a mission, vision, policies, objectives, and goals that facilitate and guide the activities to be carried out in all fields of the company for the achievement of sustainable development. Some characteristics that the mission statement should have: ▪ Simplicity: it must be simple, in clear and precise language. A mission that can be easily expressed is more likely to be remembered and have the expected resonance with those who know it. ▪ Honest and Realistic: it is evidently harmful to publish a mission that is at odds with the company's activities.
It can include in its mission its concern for the environment and the social and cultural aspects, but if its daily operations reflect the opposite, the results can be very harmful, because collaborators and clients will immediately perceive that what is preached is not being fulfilled in practice. ▪ Communicate expectations and ethics: the mission must define the business goals and additionally the methodologies selected to achieve them. It must include the general principles to which workers are expected to adhere and practice. It must additionally include what the company commits to with its personnel, its clients, and the community where it operates. ▪ Periodic Update: the mission must undergo review and continuous improvement to ensure it remains useful and corresponds to the current reality of the company. The mission answers the question: What is our reason for being? Some characteristics that the vision statement should have: ▪ It must be positive, attractive, encouraging, and inspiring, promoting a sense of identification and commitment from all company members. ▪ It must be aligned and coherent with the company's values, principles, and culture.
It indicates where the company is headed in the long term, or what it intends to become. ▪ The reason for establishing a company's vision is that it serves as a guide to focus the efforts of all company members in one direction, that is, to ensure that objectives are established, strategies are designed, decisions are made, and tasks are executed under its guidance; thus achieving coherence and order. To formulate a company's vision, we can ask ourselves the following questions: What is the future image we want to project of our company? What are our wishes or aspirations? Where are we headed? Where do we want to go? Policy Formulation: these are action guides that try to make concrete the elements included in the mission. Policies stipulate what must and can be done in the face of daily activities carried out in the company, for example: purchasing policies, service policies, quality policies, savings policies, among others.
Having clearly established policies allows for the orderly generation of integral projects and programs that unite the company's operation with elements of sustainability. Likewise, they constitute an action plan that guides the actions of collaborators in the performance of their tasks, in order to ensure non-deviation of efforts and effective fulfillment of the company's objectives, that is, the basic rules of the game. Procedure for designing policies: ▪ Establish the mission and vision. ▪ Get informed and document the main environmental, social, and cultural problems that are affecting the environment in which the company operates. ▪ Analyze and discuss with experts, company collaborators, and environmental actors the causes and effects of the focused problems. ▪ Derive possible solutions or contributions to the solution of the focused problems. ▪ Design the form or mechanism for applying the policy line derived from the previous steps. ▪ Design the policies.
Objective Formulation: it is an intention that is to be made reality and must be capable of being qualified as short (less than one year), medium (1 to 5 years), or long term (more than 5 years). Objectives define an end to be achieved, in one or several planning periods, and implicitly involve a set of actions required for their fulfillment. Goal Formulation: they establish the total and long-term intention of the administration. Generally, the company's goals fulfill three main functions: ▪ They establish the desired future state that the company wants to achieve, thus they constitute general principles that must be followed by the members of the organization. ▪ They provide a logic or fundamental reason for the organization's existence. ▪ They provide a set of standards against which organizational performance can be contrasted. Strategic planning is a process by which a company defines its long-term vision and the strategies to achieve it based on the analysis of its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, in order to evaluate the company's present situation and its competitive level; it also supposes the active participation of organizational actors, permanent collection of information on its key success factors, its constant review, and periodic adjustments (at least once a year) so that it becomes a management style that makes the company a proactive and preventive entity.
Some of the benefits obtained through Strategic Planning are: ▪ It maintains a focus on both the future and the present ▪ It fosters interdisciplinary planning and communication ▪ It assigns priorities in the allocation of resources ▪ It constitutes the bridge to the short-term tactical planning process ▪ It forces administrators to see planning from the macro perspective, pointing out the central objectives so that they can contribute to achieving them ▪ Strategic planning is a process that keeps the management team united to translate the mission, vision, and strategy into tangible results, reduces conflicts, fosters participation and commitment at all levels of the company with the efforts required to make the envisioned future a reality Recommended practices ▪ Design and (permanently) update operational policies inspired by the values of sustainability in the social, economic, and environmental fields. ▪ Stay permanently informed about the techniques, standards, guidelines, or policies of sustainable development promoted by official national and international organizations. ▪ Periodically prepare a document to disseminate and make generally known the scope of the sustainability policies, retaining the following characteristics for its preparation: ▪ Be brief and illustrative ▪ Show innovations and progress of the company and other companies in sustainability matters ▪ Present a balance between graphics and text ▪ Show the advantages and gains that the company has obtained by applying these policies ▪ Assign a person in charge or an office within the company the task of preparing and reviewing the document for disseminating the policies and procedures ▪ Maintain an updated registry of service suppliers who practice the principles of sustainable development in their management, for which it is recommended to verify the following conditions: ▪ The supplier must be subscribed to some national or international sustainability certification system, for example: CST, Bandera Azul Ecológica, ISO 14000 Standards, among others. ▪ The supplier must stand out for applying environmental protection practices ▪ The supplier must be officially or popularly recognized for its projection for social good ▪ Prepare a concise document stipulating the main management and operation standards of the company in environmental, social, and other matters. ▪ Periodically review the official documents that stipulate current legislation in order to stay updated on national and internal regulations ▪ Contemplate training programs for its collaborators and clients on the subject of regulations that concern it according to its activity | | | | | | | | 13.
Training | | | | | | 13.1 | All collaborators receive information, participate in meetings, and know the sustainability policy of the company. | 2 | | | | | 13.2 | The company has an Incentive Plan to reward the initiatives of its collaborators on topics related to sustainability, based on performance evaluation mechanisms in order to guarantee customer satisfaction. | 2 | | | | | 13.3 | There is a training program directed at collaborators according to their functions. | 2 | | | | | 13.4 | The company has mechanisms to evaluate the compliance and quality of the training programs and follows up on the results. | 2 | | | | | 13.5 | There is a comprehensive continuous training policy for the collaborator that includes: General induction, service quality, customer profiles, environmental conservation, social topics, professional and personal development, related legislation, attention to persons with disabilities, law 7600, Code of Conduct, among others. | 3 | | | | | 13.6 | The company has a personnel hiring policy that includes job profiles. | 1 | | | | | 13.7 | Within the training programs, personnel are informed about the culture of the different nationalities that the company serves (tourist profiles or origins) | 1 | | | | | Why? ▪ Sustainable development involves the balanced progress of the three constituent aspects of human life on earth: the sociocultural, the economic, and the environmental.
But these three aspects can only be harmonized if a central element is consolidated: the education of the human being in the ideas, principles, and techniques of sustainable development. This is why communication and training play a determining role in achieving the goals of sustainable development in a lodging establishment. ▪ In the dynamics of companies, training is defined as an exercise to raise personal performance and company productivity. It is vitally important to note that training programs have the purpose of maintaining or improving current performance, meaning that training is linked to the performance of the person within the company at the present moment and the growth of the company. Training is framed within a cycle that seeks to identify and correct deficiencies regarding performance at a specific point in organizational processes through a sequence of stages that allow determining the type of training required: Diagnosis: this is the beginning of the cycle, consisting of four phases: ▪ Needs assessment ▪ Design of the training programs containing their objectives and contents ▪ Selection of the methods to apply the training (how, when, where, and at what moment it will be imparted) ▪ Upon completing the instruction, the effectiveness in the assimilation of the applied knowledge must be evaluated.
Training can contribute to improving people's quality of life and improving their relationship with the rest of the collaborators, their family, and the community in which they reside. What is expected? That the Company: ▪ Consider the need for the integrated action of all actors involved in tourist activity, starting from the conception of their companies as permanent learning centers, where knowledge and skills are exchanged that contribute to achieving superior results in business management and, at the same time, contribute to obtaining the sustainability model aspired to. ▪ A training program must answer at least the following questions: Whom to train?, How to train?, In what to train?, Where to train?, When to train?, Who will train? ▪ Involvement is a fundamental part of any program or project; if people do not participate or do not feel part of it, success will hardly be achieved, therefore four fundamental stages should be considered: ▪ Inform: explain to collaborators what the Program is about ▪ Train: provide collaborators with the tools so they can participate ▪ Incentivize: promote participation and involvement ▪ Recognize: listen, take into account initiatives, and reward positive actions Recommended practices ▪ Apply the stages of the diagnosis that lead to determining and designing the training courses or talks deemed convenient, ensuring that all collaborators understand the policies and collaborate in achieving the objectives. ▪ That the company integrate all collaborators so that they get involved and actively participate in achieving the objectives and goals. ▪ That collaborators become an active agent that promotes changes within the company. ▪ Implement an Information Program directed at collaborators, through murals, bulletins, intranet, among others. ▪ Have a Training Program that includes: ▪ Program presentation, explaining the coverage, stages, and characteristics of the program ▪ Strategic planning of training in the organization ▪ Analysis of the training situation in the company (SWOT analysis) ▪ The training objectives ▪ The scheduling of training courses, including the calendarization of events according to detected needs, the scope of the events and participants, the instructors, the person responsible for operational coordination, costs, and budgets ▪ The contents of the courses, the appropriate means for conducting and evaluating the instruction process. ▪ Program and hold periodic meetings with collaborators to discuss and inform them about the policies and programs that the company has developed in order to achieve sustainable development. ▪ Prepare and keep a record of collaborators' participation in meetings, training sessions, and the sustainable activities they carry out, as well as the agenda of topics covered, with their respective execution date, attaching photographs of the activity. ▪ Invite experts to delve into different areas of human knowledge and consolidate the integral vision of sustainable development. ▪ Develop an instrument that allows evaluating and following up on the training received by collaborators, considering at least the following: ▪ Training evaluation (course, workshop/other) ▪ The training objective was met ▪ The training agenda was met (training content) ▪ The knowledge acquired is useful in their work area ▪ The facilities where the training was received were.. ▪ Material evaluation ▪ The legibility of the training material was. ▪ The support material from the presenter was.. ▪ Instructor/presenter evaluation ▪ Knows and masters the topic ▪ The presentation was clear. ▪ Clarified doubts. ▪ Punctuality and schedule compliance of the instructor/presenter ▪ Suggestions, observations, and proposals for the person in charge of the Training Program: __________ | | | | | | | | 14.
Product Consumption (Procurement) | | | | | | 14.1 | The Establishment has a formal policy for supplier selection or a purchasing manual through which compliance with social, environmental, and responsible consumption standards is ensured. | 2 | | | | | 14.2 | There is a guide / list of suppliers that includes the reasons for which they are selected. | 1 | | | | | 14.3 | Products with environmental contraindications are not used, consumed, or commercialized in the establishment. | 1 | | | | | 14.4 | Promotional and informational materials are produced on recycled, chlorine-free bleached, or alternative material, among others. | 2 | | | | | 14.5 | The company reuses paper and computer systems that have allowed it to reduce its consumption. | 3 | | | | | 14.6 | The purchase of disposable and consumer goods is moderate and the business actively seeks ways to reduce their use. | 2 | | | | | Why? ▪ Purchasing management is considered one more function of a larger process called materials management, which ranges from identifying a need in the company and the respective acquisition of the necessary materials, to everything related to the proper disposition and storage of the acquired materials. ▪ When acquiring materials, the following questions must be asked: What are we going to acquire?, When are we going to acquire it?, Where do we plan to acquire it?, Why do we plan to acquire it?, Who is going to acquire it?, How are they going to acquire it?, How much are they going to acquire? ▪ Purchasing management implies a direct relationship with the company's suppliers, in order to guarantee that the goods and services acquired are in line with the company's objectives and policies set forth in the pursuit of sustainable development. ▪ A company that has adopted sustainability as a guide in its actions must rigorously regulate the way of acquiring inputs for its operation. ▪ The purchase and use of products must reflect the company's sustainability policy, which is based on the use and reuse of environmentally compatible articles and inputs. ▪ What we understand by product: everything that seeks to be placed in a specific market, because there is an offer and a demand; from a marketing point of view, a product is something that can be acquired through exchange to satisfy a need or desire.
These can be tangible or not, for example: the purchase of food to the requirement of a guide service. ▪ We can find a variety of them in the market; for the interest in this case, those that facilitate a sustainable model are taken into account. What is expected? That the Company: ▪ Have a supplier registry, for which it is necessary to establish quality requirements, among which sustainability guidelines stand out. Suppliers must be willing to assume lines of environmental and social action that the company has established within a Purchasing Manual. ▪ Purchasing Manual: the purchasing process must be in writing; it consists of defining the scope of purchases, defining the purchasing function, the methods to use, among others. ▪ The Purchasing Manual must contain the steps and basic considerations that the company follows to select a product or service and therefore a supplier. Likewise, it could have a supplier registry in which it is possible to catalog them with aspects such as: if they have environmental certifications, their participation in public resource protection programs, social commitments (contributions to the local community where it operates), among others. ▪ These characteristics of a supplier's social responsibility should, from the point of view of selection among several offers, mean a higher score or rating.
In a complementary manner, the quality and type of product should have a score based on its life cycle and whether it is recyclable or its biodegradation is rapid. ▪ Use goods and services produced under sustainability standards. ▪ Promote more efficient use of resources, eliminating or minimizing to the maximum the production of waste associated with product consumption and the reduction of unwanted impacts on the social and natural environment. Recommended practices ▪ Prepare a permanent Purchasing Manual that regulates, in addition to elements such as price, distribution, delivery, volume, among others, the environmental and social considerations: ▪ Decrease in the amount of waste ▪ Reduction of pollution impacts ▪ Promotion of production with clean technology ▪ Recycling and reuse as forms of savings ▪ Use of strictly necessary resources ▪ Increased efficiency in product use ▪ Incentive for the local production of goods and services ▪ Stipulate environmental and social standards within a purchasing plan, such as the considerations cited previously. ▪ Outline within the Manual the design of an Annual Purchasing Plan aimed at guiding the collaborators of the departments and especially the Procurement department, which considers at least three basic components: ▪ What to Buy?
What the company really needs to provide the best service and in accordance with sustainability principles. ▪ Volume and Supplier: what quantity and how often should it be purchased? Criteria used to choose the supplier: price, delivery time, safety, alignment with sustainability guidelines, preferably local products, among others. ▪ Quality Requirements: standards observed to ensure that what is purchased is really what the company needs. Non-negotiable criteria that must be observed in the purchasing process in relation to the production and commercialization by suppliers and manufacturers. ▪ Prepare a list of approved products to use, according to explicit sanitary or environmental criteria. ▪ Have written criteria for product purchasing, as well as a system for periodic evaluation of those products. ▪ Prepare the written policy on the purchase of biodegradable, organic, oxo-biodegradable products, and on the use of reusable packaging or utensils, and verify in the field that this is complied with. ▪ Request certificates and technical data sheets for the supplied products from the suppliers. ▪ Establish as a standard that promotional materials and written information provided to tourists must be printed on recycled material or another form of non-traditional cellulose. ▪ Prepare a written policy on the use of computer systems in document processing and on the reuse of paper. | | | | | | | | 15.
Food and Beverages (does not apply for companies that do not offer these services) | | | | | | 15.1 | The company uses its own, local, or regional organic products. | 3 | | | X | | 15.2 | The menu offers at least three dishes of local or typical Costa Rican foods. | 2 | | | X | | 15.3 | The preserved products needed are bought in large containers and recyclable containers are preferred. | 1 | | | X | | 15.4 | As a rule, the company exchanges containers and for this purpose has suppliers that effectively provide this service, with the exception of those industrialized beverages. | 2 | | | X | | 15.5 | Refillable or reusable containers are used to serve products such as: butter, marmalade, honey, sugar, sauces, among others, thus reducing waste production. | 2 | | | X | | 15.6 | Long-lasting tableware and accessories are used to avoid the use of products such as cardboard, plastic, Styrofoam, aluminum dishes, or other materials not friendly to the environment such as biodegradable, oxo-biodegradable, organic, and/or reusable ones. | 2 | | | X | | 15.7 | The company has a policy demonstrating that the species used to prepare meals are not in danger of extinction, are not vulnerable, are not threatened, nor has it disrespected closed seasons or failed to comply with recommended sizes for fishing. | 2 | | | X | | Explanatory Note The Not Applicable (NA) included in this question are exclusive for companies that do not provide any food service whatsoever.
Why? The purchase and use of food products must reflect the company's sustainability policy. What is expected? That the Company: ▪ Use goods and services produced under sustainability standards. ▪ Promotes more efficient use of resources by eliminating or minimizing to the maximum the production of waste associated with product consumption and the reduction of unwanted impacts on the social and environmental environment. ▪ Promotes and incentivizes local production under sustainability standards. Recommended practices ▪ Use fresh products instead of canned foods or preserves. Particularly important for fruits, fruit juices, legumes, vegetables, and fishery products. This, besides having a positive impact on the image, contributes to waste reduction. ▪ Prefer to contract with fish and seafood suppliers who commercialize products obtained through responsible fishing practices. ▪ Buy fish and seafood that comply with the recommended minimum catch sizes.
Do not buy, nor include on the food menu, prohibited, closed-season, or species categorized as endangered, vulnerable, or threatened fish and seafood. ▪ All fish and seafood products acquired must be accompanied by a guide containing the following information: scientific name (Latin name by which the species is designated, composed of two terms. First figures the name of the genus, which must be written in uppercase, and then the specific name), of the species, vulgar or common name (name of the species accepted by the scientific community, which is not the scientific name), commercial name (name of the species commercially accepted, which does not mislead the final consumer, and is different from the scientific name) of the product and capture zone, for which an annex to this manual will be attached. ▪ Do not offer on the menu prepared meals based on fish and seafood species of sport fishing interest, such as pez vela, blue marlin, black marlin, striped marlin, sábalo, and pez gallo, among others. ▪ Consume products grown under some form of organic agriculture and mention it so on the menu.
This measure encourages the reduction of chemical contamination in crops, incentivizes local production under this regime, and reduces risks to consumer health. ▪ Prefer the purchase of products in large, recyclable containers. Generally, these presentations offer price savings and generate decreases in the quantity and volume of waste produced. ▪ Reuse containers, select suppliers and manufacturers that offer the service of reuse or exchange of containers. This may be the case for soft drinks, sauces, condiments, among others, or acquire the product and store it in the appropriate containers that the company has. ▪ Use refillable containers to serve meals. Use butter dishes, sugar bowls, containers for marmalade, sauces, condiments, among others, and eliminate the use of products packaged in small aluminum, plastic, and paper containers. This, besides having a positive impact on the establishment's image, tends to decrease the amount of waste. ▪ Utilize long-lasting tableware and accessories avoiding the use of single-use products such as paper, cardboard, aluminum, Styrofoam, among others.
In this sense, napkins and tablecloths must be made of cloth (natural fiber), glassware, glass cups, among others. Avoid at all costs the use of disposable products because besides generating waste, they do not contribute to savings and detract from the establishment's image. This point is applicable to the areas of kitchen, restaurant, dining room, bars, rooms, among others. | | | | | | | | 16. Cleaning and Cosmetics | | | | | | 16.1 | The company uses cleaning products for laundry, kitchen, rooms, and maintenance that are environmentally friendly (preferably biodegradable or in high proportion), without phosphates or substances for brightening or bleaching. It also has the respective backing to demonstrate it. | 2 | | | | | 16.2 | The soap and other cosmetic products for the use of clients and collaborators are biodegradable in high proportion and it has the respective backing to demonstrate it. | 2 | | | | | 16.3 | Cleaning products and cosmetic products are used in biodegradable, recyclable, or reusable packaging. | 1 | | | | | 16.4 | For the supply of cosmetic products in the rooms, dispensers are used, in order to reduce waste and spoilage. | 3 | | | | | 16.5 | For the supply of cosmetic products in public sinks, dispensers are used, in order to reduce waste and spoilage. | 2 | | | | | 16.6 | Waste from cosmetic products such as soap, shampoo, and others is disposed of adequately. | 1 | | | | | Why? ▪ The majority of cleaning products used daily for cleaning, washing clothes, and cosmetic products are highly toxic, pollute water, and damage health. ▪ However, there are products on the market that respect the environment and the health of those who use them.
Biodegradable cleaning and cosmetic products contribute to ecological balance and keep the planet free of chemical contaminants. ▪ "Environmentally friendly products are those that are less harmful to the environment and/or human health than competing products that serve the same purpose." (Eco Buy 2006) ▪ It is also established that they are products that during their production chain use natural, human, and economic resources efficiently, intelligently, and responsibly. ▪ Their use reduces some negative impact or generates a direct benefit on the environment and human health. What is expected? That the Company: ▪ Verify that the products purchased (cleaning, detergents for dishes and clothes, and cosmetics) do not contain chemical substances that damage health (dermatological problems or others) and impact the environment through wastewater. ▪ Acquire cleaning products, detergents for dishes and clothes, and cosmetics in biodegradable, recyclable, or reusable packaging. ▪ Use dispensers in public bathrooms and in rooms to provide cosmetic products to collaborators, guests, and visitors, generating a decrease in waste from soap bars and individual containers. ▪ Reuse cosmetic product residues (such as soap bars). ▪ Keep all company facilities in optimal conditions of maintenance and cleanliness.
Recommended practices ▪ Incentivize the use of environmentally friendly products ▪ Train personnel in the use of this type of products ▪ Request from the manufacturing and/or supplying company of cleaning products, detergents, and cosmetics: Technical data sheets for the products acquired, biodegradability certificate, environmentally friendly product certification for each of the products, and a note from the Chemical Regent of the producing company with which the information can be verified. ▪ Present separately: product listing, technical data sheets, certificates, and notes, for each of the groups mentioned previously: ▪ cleaning products ▪ detergents for dishes and detergents for clothes or cosmetic products ▪ Participate in a container reuse program: reuse internally or return to suppliers the containers of the products acquired, attaching proof from the supplier indicating that the collection and reuse service is provided. ▪ Decrease the amount of waste: the intention of using dispensers is to generate less waste than is produced by using individual containers and soap bars in the facilities. ▪ Reuse residues: as far as possible, reuse leftovers from soap bars, preventing these from being reused for human hygiene. | | | | | | | | 17.
Physical Conditions for Work Activities | | | | | | 17.1 | The company has appropriate facilities for collaborators, such as sanitary services, kitchen / dining room, showers (separated by gender), as well as necessary conditions to house personnel if necessary due to the distance to their places of residence. | 3 | | | X | | 17.2 | There are no overcrowding conditions in the kitchen and warehouse facilities. | 2 | | | | | 17.3 | The company offers the maximum possible protection to its collaborators through operational manuals, signage, and protective equipment, among others. | 3 | | | | | Why? A new, qualitatively superior relationship between production models, work organization, qualification demands, and the cultural development of workers unquestionably leads to the humanization of work processes, as well as to a new intellectual dimension and social relations, in which the main protagonist is the individual around whom the best conditions must be created for the performance of their work activity in order to increase their quality of work life.
Work Environment ▪ The worker is a biopsychosocial being who lives 24 hours a day interacting with the environment, works 8 hours, and shares approximately 16 hours with their family; therefore, they must be seen integrally within the family, the company, and as a very important element of the environment. ▪ In the work environment, the worker carries out their activity, relates to their work object, the instruments of production, the workstation, the work area, the respiratory zone, and the elements of the physical or natural environment that intervene in the productive process, among which are the harmful and dangerous risk factors that can alter their health and produce work-related illnesses. The Company ▪ In them, people work and interact with machines and the work environment; they are exposed to harmful and dangerous risk factors, which can break the health-disease balance and generate as a consequence alterations in the worker's health. ▪ The risk factors present in the collaborators' work environment are divided into: physical (temperature and humidity, lighting, electrostatic fields, electromagnetic radiation, and magnetic fields), biological (insects, bacteria, parasites, fungi present in the dust of stored documents), psychophysiological (work monotony, emotional load, and stress), and ergonomic (work area, work conditions, organizational conditions).
What is expected? That the Company: ▪ Take into consideration the work conditions, which can be defined as the set of variables that determine the performance of a task in an environment, determining the worker's health based on three variables: physical, psychological, and social.
▪ It is important to apply the concept of sustainability to work environments, to eliminate accidents, occupational diseases, avoid environmental alterations, and protect the potential of workers as natural resources, providing them with suitable conditions in areas designated for employees (rooms, dining room, showers, kitchens, among others). ▪ The Work Environment has a positive influence on staff motivation, satisfaction, and performance in order to improve company performance. The creation of an adequate work environment, as a combination of human and physical factors, should take into consideration, for example: safety rules and guidelines including the use of protective equipment, ergonomics, heat, humidity, light, air flow, hygiene, noise, vibrations, and pollution.
Recommended practices ▪ The company must seek basic environmental sanitation and a series of measures that aim to create an environment of hygiene, well-being, health, safety, and quality of life among workers. ▪ Hygiene of workplaces: the number of workers must correspond to the space in the work premises. ▪ With the aim of promoting cleanliness, it is recommended to paint the interior walls of buildings or premises with light colors, on which stains stand out and can be easily seen, improves lighting, avoids monotony. ▪ Seek the best way to design the workstation according to the characteristics and needs of the worker and the tasks they must perform. ▪ Contemplate hygienic measures: drinking water; vector control (flies, cockroaches, rodents, among others); wastewater control; solid waste control; sanitary facilities (must be proportionate to the number of collaborators using them and located in convenient places and at adequate distances from work area stations); ventilation; lighting; windows; maintenance and cleaning. ▪ Dining rooms must be separated from offices, intended exclusively for food consumption. Tables must be provided in sufficient numbers and meet the hygienic-sanitary requirements for food handling, preparation, and storage. ▪ Comply with Ley 7600.
| | | | | | | | 18. Emergency Facilities | | | | | | 18.1 | The facilities have emergency stairs and exits, which are signposted according to the regulatory technical specifications of the bodies responsible for the matter. | 1 | | | | | 18.2 | The facilities have fire extinguishers (they are current) and are signposted according to the regulatory technical specifications of the bodies responsible for the matter. | 1 | | | | | 18.3 | The facilities have either smoke detectors, fire alarms, or water sprinkler systems, and they are in adequate condition for use. | 1 | | | | | 18.4 | The company has a civil liability insurance policy to cover clients in case of an accident. | 2 | | | | | ¿Por qué? ▪ The term Health is defined by the 1946 Constitution of the World Health Organization as the case of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of conditions or diseases.
It can also be defined as the level of functional or metabolic efficiency of an organism both at the micro (cellular) level and at the macro (social) level. ▪ Occupational health is built in an adequate work environment, with fair working conditions, where workers can develop an activity with dignity and where their participation is possible for the improvement of health and safety conditions. ▪ Furthermore, it is required that the infrastructure have facilities for emergency use in which collaborators, clients can be evacuated from a building in the shortest possible time without risking physical integrity, that all fire extinguishing implements and timely signage are available to optimize the use of these implements and exits.
¿Qué se espera? Que la Empresa: ▪ Develop a corporate culture oriented towards safety that becomes the axis of business success, both from an image standpoint (care for the environment, ensuring the safety of collaborators, among others), and from the standpoint of reducing to zero the incidents or accidents suffered by collaborators, which allows avoiding costly accident compensations that legislation requires companies to make when such events have occurred due to lack of prevention. ▪ Another important concept to take into consideration is Risk, which is the probability that exists when performing a task and that said task produces incidents or accidents. ▪ The company must train collaborators so that they execute tasks with the greatest possible degree of awareness about the risk that the execution represents. ▪ The key to keeping risks at a low level is prevention, and this is achieved through the existence of procedures, which allow collaborators to know perfectly what prevention, protection, and safety measures to take so that the operational risks are minimal. ▪ Safety and hygiene signs and notices are systems that provide specific information, whose purpose is to attract attention quickly and provoke an immediate reaction, warn of a danger, indicate the location of safety devices and equipment, promote safety and hygiene habits and attitudes in the workplace, these must be understandable for any collaborator within the company's facilities and in their preparation, the use of long words or texts should be avoided as much as possible. ▪ Prepare an Emergency Plan, which is a series of analyses, observations, and evaluations planned, directed, and scheduled in a document, whose purpose is to serve as a guide for the phases of prevention, mitigation, preparation, response, and rehabilitation, actions that must be carried out in the face of emergency situations, or imminent disaster, caused by the vulnerability that collaborators, buildings, or systems present in the face of threats from nature, such as earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, volcanic activity, landslides, or caused by activities carried out by man such as fires, hazardous product spills, and explosions. ▪ Have an infrastructure, among others, with emergency exits, emergency stairs, or slides located according to current standards, regarding maximum travel distances, ventilation, protection from heat and smoke, and that at the same time has properly located fire extinguishers, sprinkler system, and adequate signage that optimizes the evacuation of collaborators and clients in the building.
Recommended practices ▪ Carry out a diagnosis of the risks that arise in the development of the activity; for this purpose, one can be guided by the protocols of the ministry of health. ▪ Develop procedures and technical standards to minimize the consequences of risks present in daily activities; for this purpose, see the standards that INTECO has developed in the matter. ▪ Form different committees that collaborate in risk prevention and emergency response. ▪ Establish training plans for all collaborators regarding emergency response. ▪ Conduct drills to verify the implementation of adequate evacuation plans. ▪ Have adequate equipment to respond to emergencies. ▪ Carry out an inventory of the required signage. ▪ Place the respective safety signage in the different areas of the company. ▪ Review the validity of fire extinguishers and locate them correctly, according to the regulatory technical specifications of the bodies responsible for the matter. ▪ Periodic informative meetings must be held for all personnel, in which the emergency plan is explained; at least once a year, a general emergency drill must be conducted, from which real conclusions will be obtained that lead to achieving greater effectiveness, improvement in the plan, and behavioral change of all collaborators, and feedback between the parties.
Related regulations: INTE 21-02-01-96 Fire Safety, Signage; INTE 21-03-01-96 Means of Evacuation and Escape; NFPA101 Life Safety Code; DE-12715-MEIC Official Standard Use of Colors in Safety and Their Symbology, Ley General de Salud, Ley General de Riesgos del Trabajo; Decreto MTSS- 27434 "Reglamento sobre las Oficinas o Departamento de Salud Ocupacional"; Decreto No. 18379-TSS Reglamento Comisiones de Salud Ocupacional"; Law and Regulation of the Benemérito Cuerpo de Bomberos, among others.
| | | | | | | | 19. Other Safety Elements | | | | | | 19.1 | Within the company property, areas have been signposted to warn about risks or dangers. | 1 | | | | | 19.2 | The signs, billboards, and signage dedicated to the orientation and promotion of the company comply with the legal standards of right-of-way (derecho de vía) and outdoor advertising promoted by the Ministerio de Obras Públicas y Transportes (MOPT) or corresponding entity. | 1 | | | X | | 19.3 | The company supports the safety programs that are being developed in the community or surrounding areas. | 2 | | | X | | 19.4 | In case of developing any adventure activity, the company has an Operation Manual for the Adventure Tourism Activity, which contemplates aspects such as: Operational, Maintenance, Personnel Training, and Safety for clients and personnel, among others. | 2 | | | X | | 19.5 | In the event that the company develops adventure activities, it has Civil Liability (third parties) insurance policies. | 3 | | | X | | 19.6 | The company's tour guides (general, specialized, or local), if any, have the credential granted by the Instituto Costarricense de Turismo, as stipulated in Decreto Ejecutivo N° 31030-MEIC-TUR of January 17, 2003, and its amendments, Reglamento de los Guías de Turismo, and in article 38 of Ley N° 1917 of July 29, 1955, and its amendments, Ley Orgánica del Instituto Costarricense de Turismo. | 2 | | | X | | 19.7 | The company has a written code of ethics that contemplates the company's principles and values, and is made known to all its collaborators and clients, while there is a department or person responsible for its follow-up. | 2 | | | | | 19.8 | The company executes practical actions to guarantee the safety of both tourists and collaborators. | 3 | | | | | 19.9 | The company has an up-to-date emergency plan, duly authorized by the competent professional, carries out the necessary drills, and verifies its compliance. | 3 | | | | | ¿Por qué?
Safety standards in tourist services constitute a constant in the link between tourist, company, and destination. In this sense, the company, its management, and its collaborators assume direct responsibility for tourist safety, which is why foresight constitutes one of the elements that must be strengthened through continuous training and preparation.
¿Qué se espera? Que la Empresa: ▪ Develop an effective induction to execute actions that guarantee the safety and support of collaborators, tourists, in such a way that the client becomes a promotional spokesperson for the company, for the country at a national and international level by being able to testify about our country's safety standards. ▪ Must comply with regulations that seek not only the ordering of advertising to prevent it from visually overpowering the notices of informative road signs, but also to prevent the exploitation of landscape views and affecting the aesthetics of roads. ▪ Consider that individual ethics and organizational ethics cannot be sharply separated because ultimately, those who perform tasks in organizations are concrete people with their private ethics and personal convictions about what should be done at each moment. ▪ To define business ethics, we must refer directly to the actors who make decisions, the people, directors, managers, bosses, workers. ▪ If we base ourselves on the fact that human capital is one of the greatest, if not the greatest, business assets, and we become aware that these people are valuable in themselves, that they must be respected, and that they cannot be treated as a means but as an end, we will have taken the first step to ethically ground companies.
Likewise, individuals must reflect on their role within the productive system and must govern their actions with principles and values that add value to their daily work. ▪ Some ideas about the components of an ethical company can be considered: ▪ Living according to five fundamental values, Equality, Respect, Freedom, Dialogue, Solidarity. ▪ An organizational culture with common values for its members. ▪ Striving to achieve the satisfaction of all agents involved in the company: shareholders, managers, collaborators, suppliers, clients, and community. ▪ Assuming corporate social responsibility for its actions.
Recommended practices ▪ Adequate signage for those sites that pose a risk to collaborators, as well as to the client. ▪ Comply with related regulations on the type of signs, billboards dedicated to the orientation and promotion of the company, for example: Decreto No. 29253-MOPT "Reglamento de los Derechos de Vía y Publicidad Exterior", Ley No. 5060 "Ley General de Caminos Públicos"; Decreto Ejecutivo No. 26213-MOPT, Reglamento No. 13041, among others. ▪ Support those organized local groups where the primary purpose is to ensure the safety of the community or surrounding areas, for example: joining community safety groups, or through logistical, economic, or in-kind support. ▪ Comply with the current regulations for the development of adventure tourism activities, as stipulated through La Gaceta N° 109, of Monday, June 8, 2009, where Decreto No. 35280 MEIC-S-TUR is published, which establishes: ▪ "Derogation of Decreto Ejecutivo N° 29421 of March 23, 2001, published in La Gaceta N° 77 of April 23, 2001, 'Reglamento para la Operación de las Actividades de Turismo Aventura' and its amendments., since henceforth adventure tourism activities will be regulated by the 'Reglamento General para el otorgamiento de Permisos de Funcionamiento del Ministerio de Salud', Decreto Ejecutivo No. 34728-S of May 28, 2008. ▪ Comply with the current regulations for tour guides. ▪ Prepare and disseminate the Code of Ethics to its collaborators, as well as to its clients, and have it placed in an accessible place. ▪ Give the necessary recommendations to guarantee tourist safety, both inside and outside the company's facilities; these must be in writing, for example: keep belongings in sight and under your control in public areas (hotel lobby, means of transport, airports, restaurants, and others); when using taxi services, verify that it complies with legal requirements such as yellow triangles on the doors and fare meter; request information at the company's reception about the safest routes and means of transport, especially at night; avoid accepting help or company from strangers, among others. ▪ Comply with what is stipulated in the Emergency Plan approved by the corresponding Entity and develop the necessary logistics to make it known to both its collaborators and its clients.
| | | | | | | | External Client Scope | | | | | | | 20. Communication to Guests and Clients | | | | | | 20.1 | Historical-cultural information of the area or region where the company is located is researched and provided to the client. | 3 | | | | | 20.2 | Information is provided about socio-cultural activities that are being developed in the region. | 2 | | | | | 20.3 | Information is provided to guests about the environmental protection actions and activities that are being developed in the region. | 1 | | | | | 20.4 | The actions that can be carried out by the client to reduce the environmental impact where the company's tourist activities will take place are indicated. | 2 | | | | | 20.5 | The client is informed about the policies or actions the company executes to prevent direct or indirect (artificial) feeding of wild animals. | 2 | | | | | 20.6 | The client is informed and motivated to participate in the different CST programs that the company is developing. | 3 | | | (when for the first time) | | 20.7 | The company disseminates its Manual (or similar document) defining its Mission, Vision, and Policies from the perspective of Sustainability (considering environmental, social, economic, and cultural aspects) to its guests, collaborators, and stakeholders, through a document, multimedia, website, social networks, or other channels, in visible places within the facilities. | 3 | | | | | 20.8 | The company communicates, denounces, and prohibits the use and promotion of commercial sexual activities such as prostitution and exploitation of girls, boys, and adolescents, harassment, and/or sexual abuse, drug dealing, or other social problems, to all its collaborators, clients, and other stakeholders, such as the Code of Conduct against the Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Girls, Boys, and Adolescents. | 3 | | | | | 20.9 | The company has a marketing plan, conducts research, and designs strategies that guarantee the sustainability of the tourist service and its application. | 2 | | | | | 20.10 | The company's promotional material references and promotes the objectives of the CST. | 2 | | | (when for the first time) | | 20.11 | The company declares under oath that all information contained in its promotional material is strictly truthful. | 1 | | | | | ¿Por qué? ▪ The Certification for Sustainable Tourism (Certificado para la Sostenibilidad Turística, CST) is a market tool that allows the company to be identified for promoting a sustainable development model in its operation; therefore, it is the client who will largely recognize the success of the efforts that the tourism company has implemented in its different areas of action through initiatives, actions, or programs. ▪ All the changes promoted by the CST always have a positive impact on the environment, the communities, or the tourism company itself, but it is strictly necessary that the client can recognize and understand what is being carried out both internally and externally to it. ▪ That is why the information and communication carried out about the company, its activities, and programs must be part of a strategy that allows the client to identify it as consistent and responsible with the principles of sustainable development, in all its actions.
¿Qué se espera? Que la Empresa: ▪ Have policies that facilitate and guide the activities to be carried out in the communication strategy aimed at the client. ▪ Increase the quality image and level of satisfaction of client expectations by offering an increasingly sustainable product. ▪ Sustainably measure client perception and try to innovate the additional services to offer to the client. ▪ That the information provided to the client about the services, general conditions, and attractions complies with the principles of truthfulness and transparency. ▪ That the client knows, understands, and values in all its dimensions all the actions that the company is undertaking in terms of sustainability. ▪ Invite the client to be a participant in all the initiatives present in the company's areas of action.
Recommended practices ▪ Periodically train collaborators to inform the client of all the CST procedures and actions implemented by the company; this information can be provided when the tourist is received, in writing in the guest directory, web page, external signs, among others. ▪ Keep real and updated information within reach of clients, area neighbors, and authorities, related to the policies implemented in the company in the social, cultural, environmental, and economic fields. ▪ Provide the client through a written document (guest directory, web page, general information portfolio, among others) a historical review of the site, community, region, that reveals the natural, social-cultural richness, idiosyncrasy, among others. ▪ In the informative, advertising, and promotional material, the mission, policies, and sustainability programs developed by the company to achieve the objectives of the Certification for Sustainable Tourism (CST) Program are incorporated in a clear, summarized, and exemplified manner. ▪ Maintain updated information about environmental conservation activities developed in the area by different non-governmental and private organizations, example: rescue of endangered species, educational programs in favor of environmental conservation, among others. ▪ Keep the content of the website updated; it must be in Spanish and other alternate languages desired by the entrepreneur. ▪ Invite and motivate the client to be a participant in all the different initiatives implemented in the areas accessible to them, example: water and energy saving program, waste separation, among others. ▪ Design a sustainability corner where most of the information to be provided to the client is displayed, example: socio-cultural activities organized in the community or surrounding areas, programs developed in the company, exhibit tourist attractions, national parks, the country's biodiversity, recommendations on how to behave and their responsibilities in the sites they visit, example: ▪ Walk only on enabled trails ▪ Deposit trash in bins or take it with you ▪ Hunting prohibited ▪ Extraction of flora and fauna prohibited ▪ Walk silently so as not to disturb the natural state and allow other visitors to observe local fauna ▪ Respect all existing signs in the natural area ▪ Smoking prohibited ▪ Do not feed the species ▪ Do not introduce exotic species ▪ No protected animal or plant species or their derivatives shall be commercialized, particularly if they are in danger of extinction or whose commercialization is banned by law. ▪ Do not buy articles made of turtle shell, corals, skins, shells, precious woods. ▪ Train collaborators in the knowledge, application, and enforcement of legislation related to activities of sexual harassment (Ley No. 7476-La Gaceta No. 45 of March 3, 1995), child prostitution, and consumption of illegal substances. ▪ Sign the Code of Conduct for the Protection of Children and Adolescents against Commercial Sexual Exploitation in Travel and Tourism, by contacting the ICT's Tourism Sustainability Department. ▪ Prepare informative, advertising, promotional material that includes warnings about its total commitment to the legislation prohibiting activities of sexual harassment, child prostitution, and consumption of illegal substances.
| | | | | | | | 21. Room Conditioning | | | | | | 21.1 | The room has the necessary information and facilities so that the guest can separate waste. | 3 | | | | | 21.2 | The room has the necessary information and facilities so that the client can save water. | 1 | | | | | 21.3 | The room has the necessary information and facilities so that the client can save energy. | 1 | | | | | 21.4 | Specific delay programs are implemented for changing towels, bed linen, or others. | 3 | | | | | ¿Por qué? The room is the unit par excellence within the company where the client experiences the greatest number of positive or negative sensations.
¿Qué se espera? Que la Empresa: ▪ Design and condition the room to allow and reinforce the philosophy of the CST Program before the client. ▪ Provide facilities so that the client can participate in some activities of the CST Program. ▪ Client participation should not be forced; it must be voluntary, therefore it must be based on the cordial manner in which the company invites and the kindness the client has when choosing one or several options.
Recommended practices ▪ For the waste separation program, provide differentiated bins in the rooms, or at least one of these with a recycling logo sticker, so that the client has the option to carry out this practice. ▪ Use indicative signs or table talkers to encourage the client to turn off lights and other electrical equipment, including air conditioning, when they are not using them or when they are out of the room. ▪ Use indicative signs or table talkers to encourage the client to save water when washing hands, using the shower, among others. ▪ Have rooms and areas for smokers and non-smokers; these must be duly signposted. In this regard, there is Ley No. 7501 of April 25, 1995; the country in August 1998 ratified a Framework Convention for Tobacco Control (CMCT) promoted by the World Health Organization (WHO), and in turn, there is a Bill against Smoking in the Legislative Assembly. May 31st is celebrated as No Smoking Day.
| | | | | | | | 22. Group Management | | | | | | 22.1 | Clients are encouraged and guided to visit different protected natural, historical, and cultural areas or other natural and cultural attractions. | 1 | | | | | 22.2 | The company has trained personnel who can guide and provide basic information to clients about natural and cultural sites of interest near the lodging company. | 1 | | | | | 22.3 | The company implements, executes, and monitors its own program for the conservation of natural, cultural, or social resources and motivates the client to participate in resource conservation. | 3 | | | | | 22.4 | The company knows and disseminates the Public Use Regulation or its equivalent for the protected wild areas of the zone and makes it known to its clients. | 2 | | | | | 22.5 | The client is informed of the physical conditions, minimum and maximum age that the user must have to carry out each activity to be practiced. | 1 | | | | | 22.6 | The tours and general activities promoted by the company strengthen the interaction between the guest, the community, and nature. | 2 | | | | | ¿Por qué?
The client does not stay solely within the company's facilities but rather moves to other sites of interest; therefore, the company's responsibility for the client should not be seen solely linked to the use of the physical facilities of the establishment, but proper behavior outside of these must be encouraged.
¿Qué se espera? Que la Empresa: ▪ Allow the client to experience that sustainability is not limited to the company but extends outside the facilities. ▪ That the client perceives that the company cares about what happens in the environment and that the use of attractions is promoted in a sustainable manner.
Recommended practices ▪ Provide all possible information to its clients about the sites of interest or tourist attractions they can visit. ▪ Encourage guests to travel to these sites. ▪ As far as possible, have specialized guides who can advise and/or accompany their clients on a visit of interest; if not, the person responsible for guiding the client should have a profile related to the task, training, digital or printed information that allows them to adequately guide to those sites of interest selected by the client. ▪ Never create false expectations about the sites the client may visit; stick to reality and do not try to hide realities they will inevitably encounter. ▪ Provide recommendations on how to behave and their responsibilities in the sites they visit, example: ▪ Walk only on enabled trails ▪ Deposit trash in bins or take it with you ▪ Hunting prohibited ▪ Extraction of flora and fauna prohibited ▪ Walk silently so as not to disturb the natural state and allow other visitors to observe local fauna ▪ Respect all existing signs in the natural area ▪ Smoking prohibited ▪ Do not feed the species ▪ Do not introduce exotic species ▪ No protected animal or plant species or their derivatives shall be commercialized, particularly if they are in danger of extinction or whose commercialization is banned by law.
▪ Do not buy articles made from turtle shells, corals, skins, shells, or precious woods. ▪ Encourage and motivate the client to participate in the program developed internally by the company focused on the conservation of natural, cultural, and social resources; it is important that whatever project is implemented should have a record of participation, follow-up, exchange of information between the parties, among others. ▪ Through tours or unorganized trips, promote the client's interest in nearby communities and their culture. Encouraging the purchase of handicrafts or participation in scheduled activities (festivals, parades, religious activities, among others) in local communities can be a way to achieve this. Human contact between tourists and community members is important. | | | | | | | | 23. Response Measurement | | | | | | 23.1 | A form is available where the client gives their opinion on the implemented CST programs and also measures the degree of client satisfaction regarding the general operation of the company. | 3 | | | (when it is for the first time) | | 23.2 | The results obtained from the previously proposed form are analyzed and communicated to the technical unit of the CST program at least every 6 months. | 2 | | | (when it is for the first time) | | 23.3 | The hotel establishment ensures that it updates the information held by the Sustainability Department at least once every 6 months. | 1 | | | (when it is for the first time) | | 23.4 | The company works jointly with a Chamber or Association for the purpose of continuous improvement in the quality of service provided in the area. | 2 | | | | | 23.5 | The company has implemented corrective plans during the last two years, with the intention of improving the provision of its client services. | 2 | | | | | Why?
The company must maintain a system for evaluating its sustainability performance, which can be based on the CST regulations and the criterion that clients develop regarding it. What is expected? From the Company: The CST will be the fundamental parameter through which companies assess the performance and service quality of tourism businesses. Recommended practices ▪ Design and apply a survey among clients with questions related to the CST and the advantages for the tourist, the company, and the country, for example: "CST Survey" The services you have enjoyed at this company have been designed taking into account criteria for the protection of natural resources, social responsibility practices, involvement of our collaborators in community projects and, in general, compliance with criteria for the Certification for Tourism Sustainability standard. If you have observed these efforts, we would greatly appreciate your answers to the following questions: Do you consider environmental protection and social responsibility as decisive factors when selecting the hotel you will visit?
YES ____ NO ____ During your stay, did you observe or learn of any effort by this company related to environmental protection and/or efforts related to social responsibility? YES ____ NO ____ Which ones?_________________________________________________ What do you think about the hotel's participation in social responsibility and environmental programs? ( ) Very important ( ) Not very important ( ) Indifferent Are you aware of the Certificate for Tourism Sustainability (CST)? YES ____ NO ____ What do you think? ______________________________________________________________ Thanks to the sustainability efforts you have seen at this company, would you use its services again and/or recommend them to others? YES ____ NO ____ Please give us your comments or recommendations regarding our environmental protection and social responsibility efforts. We take on the commitment that on your next visit we will have already implemented your recommendations. ▪ Keep a record of the opinions and assessments that both clients and business owners have regarding the company's participation in the Certification for Tourism Sustainability (CST) Program.
This will allow knowing the level of acceptance and applicability of the questionnaire and introducing the necessary changes for its better application. ▪ Communicate semi-annually to the National Accreditation Commission of the CST the study of the results of the surveys applied to clients regarding the CST, to the email: [email protected]. ▪ Provide collaborators with the possibility to address problems and complaints, and allow them to develop the solutions they deem most convenient according to the case. ▪ Develop printed or audiovisual material that provides a faithful interpretation of the objectives, foundations, and systems that constitute the CST, in order to fully inform the client about the Program. ▪ Partner with other business owners to share initiatives, innovations, and practical advice for the application of the CST in their companies and to exchange results of client evaluations and surveys.
Socioeconomic Scope | | | | | | | | 24. Human Capital Management | | | | | | 24.1 | The company has an Internal Work Regulation (Reglamento Interno de Trabajo). | 1 | | | | | 24.2 | The company uses local people or people from neighboring communities to fill at least 60% of its Human Capital hiring. | 3 | | | | | 24.3 | The company leverages the training courses it provides to its staff, offering the opportunity for residents to participate in this training with the intention of training potential collaborators for the company or contributing to their professional development or improvement in their quality of life. | 2 | | | | | 24.4 | The company has a policy of employing people from the community or national sphere to work at the administrative or managerial level. | 2 | | | | | 24.5 | The company contributes to and supports the training of students, ideally locals, so they can carry out internships or practices in the specialty of tourism or others. | 1 | | | | | 24.6 | The local people or students trained in the aforementioned manner are employed or hired by the company. | 1 | | | | | 24.7 | Personnel is not hired illegally or under minimum conditions, or other types of actions that go against the human respect of the collaborator as dictated by national or international legislation. | 2 | | | | | 24.8 | The community's perception regarding the impacts generated by the company is consulted through the periodic application of surveys at least every 6 months. | 2 | | | | | 24.9 | There is a procedure to provide adequate handling of requests, complaints, or recommendations from the community. | 1 | | | | | 24.10 | The company has a written procedure for disclosure and reporting, and prohibits the use and promotion of sexual commerce activities such as prostitution and exploitation of girls, boys, and adolescents, harassment, stalking and/or sexual abuse, drug dealing, or other social problems. | 3 | | | | | 24.11 | The company promotes equal opportunities in all its areas and respects the human rights of all its interest groups. | 1 | | | | | 24.12 | The company has at least one position available to be filled by a person with a disability, asserting, if deemed necessary, their right to a reduction in the payment of income taxes, originated from the payment of salaries for this population according to the established procedure. | 1 | | | | | 24.13 | The company has policies and actions that prohibit child labor (under 15 years of age), or other types of actions in this area dictated by national or international legislation, and there is an awareness program directed at collaborators about child labor and its implications. | 3 | | | | | Why? ▪ Generating employment and promoting the local economy are actions that bring important benefits to communities and also foster a better relationship between the company and local inhabitants. ▪ Sustainable development addresses the needs of current tourists and host regions while protecting and increasing future opportunities.
What is expected From the Company: ▪ Through its activity in the region, it leads to a real improvement in the socioeconomic conditions of the local population, among which can be cited: ▪ Improvement in the quality of life of local residents ▪ Reinforcement of cultural values and social identity ▪ More equitable distribution of the benefits of tourism activity, especially regarding the local community ▪ Source of employment for locals ▪ Gratifying experience, of quality and interest for the visitor ▪ That the company learns to develop policies and plans that facilitate partnership processes with the immediate or neighboring communities. ▪ That the company sees the collaborator as a partner and as the engine for achieving the development and success of its company. Recommended practices ▪ Local community refers to the populations or social groups that live near the site where the company is located or those that, due to their location, can establish some type of contact with it. ▪ If the local population is large, it is necessary to establish relationships with specific groups within that community. ▪ If the population is small, the limits can be extended to the entire province or region. ▪ Local hiring and training (formation) in areas that are of interest to the company and that at the same time improve employment opportunities for local communities is the key to maximizing the economic benefits of the local community and fostering their participation and integration with the business. ▪ Promote the teaching of languages, computing, business administration, natural history, natural resource management, among others. ▪ Generating jobs in positions at all higher levels ensures that the local population does not feel deprived of their rights and sufficient dialogue can be produced between business owners and the community.
The business must support programs—internal and external—that allow collaborators to develop beneficial skills to help them advance. ▪ Establish incentive policies to promote staff development. ▪ Create a permanent preparation and training program for the company's collaborators, trying to limit horizontal mobility and staff rotation to a maximum, promoting job stability. ▪ Under no circumstances hire collaborators illegally, failing to pay wages below the established or minimum wage; likewise, the employer must assume all pertinent employer responsibilities. A copy of the last three payroll reports submitted to the Costa Rican Social Security Fund (Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social) must be presented. ▪ The work regulation (reglamento de trabajo) must be prepared by the employer in accordance with the laws, decrees, conventions, and contracts that affect it, with the purpose of specifying the obligatory conditions to which both the employer and its workers must adhere concerning the execution or specific provision of work. ▪ Every work regulation (reglamento de trabajo) must be previously approved by the Legal Office of the Ministry of Labor and Social Security; it will be made known to the workers fifteen days prior to the date it will come into effect; it will be printed in easily legible characters and will be constantly posted, in at least two of the most visible places of the workplace. ▪ The company can develop a worker incentive program where, in addition to performance and effectiveness, the initiatives, innovations, and contributions made by the worker in support of the company's sustainable projects and activities are valued.
This program may include: invention and innovation contests, periodic performance awards, salary incentives, among others. ▪ The implementation of these incentive plans is to treat collaborators as partners and stimulate them to think of the business and its goals as their own. ▪ Develop an evaluation tool to understand the resident's opinion on the company-community relationship; this will allow developing corrective actions and links with said community. Some of the methods that can be used in the evaluation practice include: ▪ Observation: this is the first technique to obtain information that approximates the effect the tourism company has on its clients, workers, landscape, and the company's integration with the community, both in its economy and in its social activities. ▪ The interview: collects people's perceptions, which, in the case of social and cultural aspects, is fundamental.
When conducting the interview, it is important that the interviewer clarifies their role and their independence from the lodging company, to facilitate the greatest flow of information, whether from collaborators or community members. ▪ The survey: it must have a number of specific questions applied to a sample of the population; it can be a very useful instrument to collect information from a larger population than could be addressed personally with interviews. The anonymity of the survey can also facilitate honesty in the responses. ▪ Present the analysis of residents' opinions, as well as the corrective actions of at least three semesters of applying some of the mechanisms indicated above. | | | | | | | | 25. Indirect Economic Benefits | | | | | | 25.1 | The company uses and consumes goods produced at the local or national level. | 2 | | | | | 25.2 | In the establishment's shop, if it has one, the sale of handicrafts and products manufactured with materials that are prohibited by law or that are counterfeit or contraband is avoided.
Articles characteristic of the area and made by local people or companies are promoted. | 3 | | | X | | 25.3 | In the company's decoration, national handicrafts or other types of national artistic manifestations produced with materials that are not prohibited by law and that have verification of origin are used. | 2 | | | | | 25.4 | The company incorporates the complementary services of the communities into its final product. | 1 | | | | | 25.5 | The company has adopted a neighborhood or community to be able to enhance it based on the sustainability criteria. | 3 | | | | | 25.6 | Specific investigations are developed to identify needs and action plans in the community that has been adopted to enhance the sustainability criteria. | 2 | | | | | Why? ▪ The social concern of companies is not something new; it is an aspect that the community itself has been demanding from them, given that organizations have acquired a fundamental role within society. ▪ A socially responsible company is one that not only manages to be economically sustainable, but also cares about the effects its management causes in all possible areas, considering its reach from clients, workers, suppliers, and the community in general.
What is expected? From the Company: ▪ Support productive initiatives that are being generated in the community or generate new initiatives that contribute to or strengthen local development. ▪ Engage in relationships with community leaders and try to understand their problems and aspirations. ▪ Try to be as involved as possible and identify with the community; this is an essential part of the tourism product the company is selling. ▪ Promote a local economy by supporting artisanal activities, agricultural activities, services, among others. ▪ Become a driver of sustainability at the local community level. Recommended practices ▪ Make known the intention to collaborate with community development and for this, at a minimum, it must: ▪ Use and consume goods and services produced at the local level, such as agricultural products, organic, biodegradable products, furniture manufacturing, among others, and inform its guests. ▪ Promote the sale of articles and handicrafts produced locally or regionally in the company's shop; in turn, it can provide a space for artists, artisans, painters, sculptors, among others, to directly show the creation of their art and give the client the opportunity to have a direct experience or encounter with that local artist. ▪ Select local, regional, or national articles and handicrafts to decorate the different areas of the establishment, allowing the promotion of artisans, sculptors, painters, or others. ▪ Prefer the use of local goods and products produced under the sustainable concept; if this is not happening, become a promoter of this idea in the local community. ▪ The consumption of local goods and services can substantially reduce costs with fewer intermediaries and transportation costs. | | | | | | | | 26.
Health | | | | | | 26.1 | The basic health service needs of the company are met without compromising those of the local communities. | 1 | | | | | 26.2 | The company participates as a facilitator in at least three preventive programs of the Health Sector that involve the community. | 2 | | | | | 26.3 | Programs or benefits in the area of health, additional to those established by law, are offered to its collaborators. | 2 | | | | | 26.4 | The company has an occupational health program approved by the competent entity or professional, it is implemented, and it is reviewed every two years. | 1 | | | | | 26.5 | The personnel actively participate, through the occupational health and/or first aid committee(s), subject to the monitoring procedures of the occupational health council. | 1 | | | X | | 26.6 | The occupational health plan is executed according to a schedule and oversight by an occupational health regent or alternatives and environmentally friendly pesticides. | 1 | | | | | 26.8 | In recent years, controlled levels have been maintained in the frequency and severity rates of accidents in the company, and causality analyses are performed. | 2 | | | | | Why? ▪ Companies have the adequate conditions and capacity to act jointly with the administration and political and mass organizations in the development of actions that foster the creation of environments conducive to health, sustainable local development; the development of the individual and collective potential of the workers; the stimulation and participation of the community linked to the workplace, the formulation of healthy policies, and the reorientation of health services towards prevention and promotion. ▪ Public health is everyone's concern, and it is particularly so for tourism.
What is expected? From the Company: ▪ Not compromise or limit vital resources for communities such as water, electricity, sanitation, among others. ▪ Become a supporting entity for public health programs. ▪ Have all the programs that guarantee the safety and health of collaborators against the risks that the activity generates. ▪ That the company knows the risks that collaborators face in the development of the different activities of its operation. ▪ Have committees and special groups that support the realization of activities aimed at the continuous improvement of working conditions and the health of workers, as well as emergency response. ▪ Have an occupational health committee that monitors compliance with legal standards and procedures in the field. ▪ That in compliance with Article 208 of Title IV of the Labor Code (Código de Trabajo), it complies with the regulations that define the applicable technical guidelines for the protection of workers in the exercise of their work, regarding the concepts of insurance, claims, preventive management, as well as for the administration and operation of the Occupational Risk Insurance.
Recommended practices ▪ Perform a diagnosis of the risks that arise in the development of the activity; for this purpose, it can be guided by the protocols of the Ministry of Health. ▪ Formalize a bipartite committee (collaborators and company authorities), which works jointly to seek continuous improvement in daily tasks. ▪ Develop procedures and technical standards to minimize the consequences of the risks present in daily activities; for this purpose, the standards that INTECO has developed on the matter can be taken as a reference. ▪ Form different committees that collaborate in risk prevention, emergency response, among others. ▪ Establish a work schedule for the improvement of working conditions. ▪ Perform drills to verify the implementation of adequate evacuation plans and keep records, for example: participants, execution date, drills performed, departments that participated, photos of the activity, among others. ▪ Have adequate, periodically reviewed equipment to attend to emergencies. ▪ Have a company medical service or, failing that, draw up a contract with a private clinic or private doctor to develop occupational medicine programs that allow attending to both collaborators and clients. ▪ Keep a control of the company's accident statistics to know the causes and establish the necessary mechanisms to reduce them. ▪ Place the respective safety signage in the different areas. ▪ Related regulations: General Health Law (Ley General de Salud) No. 5395 of 30/10/1973, Occupational Risk Law (Ley Riesgos del Trabajo) No. 6727 of 24/03/1982, Regulation on Occupational Health Offices or Departments (Reglamento sobre las Oficinas o Departamentos de Salud Ocupacional), Decree MTSS-27434 of 24/09/1998, Regulation of Occupational Health Commissions (Reglamento Comisiones de Salud Ocupacional), Decree No. 18379-TSS of 16/08/1988, General Regulation for the Granting of Operating Permits by the Ministry of Health (Reglamento General para el otorgamiento de Permisos de Funcionamiento por parte del Ministerio de Salud), Decree No. 30465-S of 09/05/2002, related INTECO Standards. ▪ Phytosanitary products are tools used to maintain the good health of plants and crops.
These tools consist of chemical products, natural or synthetic, that help control diseases, insects, and weeds that attack and destroy plants and crops. Phytosanitary products are also known as plaguicides or pesticides. ▪ Classification according to toxicity: ▪ Grade I, red color: extremely toxic ▪ Grade II, yellow color: highly toxic ▪ Grade III, blue color: moderately toxic ▪ Grade IV, green color: slightly toxic Among the prohibited agrochemicals (the dirty dozen), the following can be cited: DDT, Lindane, The Drins, Parathion, Paraquat Gramoxone, Tordon Basal-Tributon 60- Tordon 225e, Pentachlorophenol, DBCP, Ethylene Dibromide (EDB), Chlordimeform (CDF), Toxaphene. The use of biopesticides is recommended, consisting of the control of organisms through biological effects and not through the chemical toxicity of a substance. They possess selective and biodegradable conditions. Biopesticides are products derived from animals, plants, bacteria, fungi, viruses, and minerals to prevent, repel, eliminate, or reduce damage caused by pests; there are five types: Microbial biopesticides (entomopathogens), Macrobials (entomophagous), Botanicals (derived from plants), Biochemicals, Minerals.
Related regulations: Law for Phytosanitary Protection (Ley de Protección Fitosanitaria) No. 7664 of 1997, Regulation for the Registration of Pesticides for Domestic and Industrial Use and Fertilizers for Domestic Use (Reglamento para el Registro de Plaguicidas de Uso Doméstico e Industrial y Fertilizantes de uso Doméstico), Executive Decree No. 30043-S of 2000, among others. | | | | | | | | 27. Social and Cultural Development | | | | | | 27.1 | The benefits of recreational activities managed by community organizations or local companies are informed, promoted, and highlighted. | 1 | | | | | 27.2 | The beneficial, social, or cultural activities that take place in the community are informed and promoted. | 1 | | | | | 27.3 | The company and its collaborators contribute with in-kind or economic donations that help support the priority needs of the community, for example: community associations, development associations, foundations, charitable associations, among others, or channel them through intermediaries such as IMAS or another institution. | 3 | | | | | 27.4 | The company has made economic or in-kind contributions to a community for specific infrastructure works or their maintenance, ideally, but not exclusively, a community close to the company's operation. | 3 | | | | | 27.5 | The company integrates local or community organizations that work towards improvements for the locality where it operates. | 2 | | | | | 27.6 | The company contributes to the development of sports, artistic, cultural, and other activities of special community interest in which collaborators and community members participate. | 2 | | | | | 27.7 | The company has specific programs that promote domestic tourism, offering facilities and reduced rates. | 1 | | | | | 27.8 | The company supports or maintains a permanent commercial relationship with at least three local, regional, or national microenterprises. | 3 | | | | | 27.9 | The cultural elements of the local communities and the region are integrated into the promotion of the company. | 1 | | | | | 27.10 | The company monitors the sociocultural impact that may be generated through its activities. | 2 | | | | | 27.11 | The company applies corrective actions to minimize the negative sociocultural impacts resulting from its operation. | 2 | | | | | 27.12 | The company promotes and encourages activities where community organizations, groups of artisans / painters / sculptors or artists in general, or local companies can express their projects and initiatives. | 2 | | | | | 27.13 | The company facilitates the use of its facilities for community meetings or gatherings to address matters of interest to the community and also participates in them. | 2 | | | | | 27.14 | The company has a documented internal volunteer program with its collaborators, which is carried out during non-working hours. | 3 | | | | | Why?
Tourism activity, as a potential component of sustainable development, cannot be conceived without considering its relationship with social and cultural aspects, since social and cultural themes form a fundamental part of the concept of sustainable development, alongside the economic and environmental aspects. The sociocultural axis of sustainable development has to do with social justice, respect for human diversity, the satisfaction of human needs, equal access to opportunities, and participation. What is expected? From the Company: ▪ Being a service industry, tourism has the capacity to generate a high degree of economic linkages in the community. By being mainly focused on providing leisure options, the cultural and environmental wealth of the locality and the region lends itself to creating new entertainment offers for the tourist population; therefore, sustainable tourism companies must ensure that these new options are as healthy as possible and that they also subscribe to the principles of sustainable tourism. ▪ The economic linkage of tourism also includes a range of complementary services, such as food, transportation, lodging, handicrafts, guide services, among others.
To the extent that these services can be generated locally and regionally, so that the profits stay in the area, sustainable tourism thus contributes to local and regional development. The distribution of these opportunities for connection with the tourism industry among local small and medium-sized enterprises (PYMES), rather than with large national or transnational companies, promotes that the economic linkage of sustainable tourism spills benefits locally, achieving a positive effect on local development. ▪ One aspect for the company to consider is that Costa Rica, as a Member of the International Labour Organization, ratified in August 2001 Convention No. 182 on "the prohibition and immediate action for the elimination of the worst forms of child labour," adopted at the 87th Session of the International Labour Conference in Geneva in 1999. ▪ There is no doubt that the unanimous adoption of the aforementioned Convention, by the tripartite representatives of the 174 Members of the International Labour Organization, including Costa Rica, proved to be historic and an unequivocal demonstration of the universal will to combat child labor and the general determination to seek the necessary means to do so.
▪ The elimination of the worst forms of child labor constitutes a challenge for global society, which, motivated by the problems of this scourge that limits and violates the comprehensive development of minors, seeks alternatives so that hundreds of millions of children around the world, subject to labor exploitation, can fully enjoy their fundamental rights. ▪ That companies in the Tourism Sector eliminate any type of discrimination towards persons with disabilities, guarantee equal opportunities for the population, serve as a legal instrument so that persons with disabilities achieve their maximum development, their full social participation, as well as the exercise of their rights through the equalization of opportunities; both for collaborators and for the company's external clients. Recommended Practices ▪ That the company values local resources, which will become important and of touristic interest, thus generating their own conservation and improvement with positive effects on the well-being of both the tourist population and the local and regional communities. ▪ The company, as an important actor in the local and regional economy, can collaborate, for example: with the improvement of infrastructure (roads, parks, sports spaces, health centers, educational centers, community centers, among others), which will contribute to improving local and regional well-being, including that of the company. ▪ Support the development of microenterprises that can be developed in the community.
Your experience as a business owner can be very valuable in helping people in the community start a small business by observing the following: encouraging people in the community, providing advice, support, and follow-up. The aim is to create "a seedbed of microenterprises" promoted by the tourism business owners themselves precisely to enrich the supply of services in the industry. This project can be developed at the local, regional, and even national level; there is no limitation in this regard. ▪ Promote training in plastic, performing, and musical arts to stimulate local and regional creativity, which also serves to increase entertainment offerings for tourist populations. ▪ The integration of companies into local and regional development is not limited to their economic ties but includes a range of aspects that contribute to well-being, such as social relations, security, among others; they can become another member of the community, participating in local festivities, sponsoring sporting events, supporting or participating in social welfare or environmental protection organizations; in this way, the company can become part of the local or regional identity in a positive way and be respected and consulted on decisions affecting the well-being of the localities. ▪ Do not underestimate the importance of local or national tourism; packages should be designed offering facilities (reduced seasonal rates) to encourage this type of tourism.
It must be in writing and known to the collaborators who serve the tourist. ▪ The history of the immediate community or region where the company is immersed should be promoted in written, visual, and verbal promotional media, thus making known the idiosyncrasy of the town (its people, main activities, customs, traditional foods, the reason for its name, among others). ▪ Give due continuity and monitoring to the commitments made in adhering to the Code of Conduct Against the Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents, coordinated by the Instituto Costarricense de Turismo through the Department of Tourism Sustainability Programs, contact via email: [email protected], or by phone at 2299-5800, ext. 372 or 375 and comply with Law No. 7899 Against Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Minors, published in La Gaceta No. 159 of August 17, 1999, and Law No. 8590 "Strengthening the Fight Against the Sexual Exploitation of Minors Through the Reform and Addition of Several Articles to the Penal Code, Law No. 4573 and Reform of Several Articles of the Code of Criminal Procedure, Law No. 7594. ▪ The company must have an internal policy that prevents, discourages, avoids, and sanctions sexual harassment conduct (Law Against Sexual Harassment in Employment and Education, No. 7476 of February 3, 1995, and its reform through Law No. 8805 of April 28, 2010, published in La Gaceta No. 45 of March 3, 1995, and La Gaceta No. 106 of June 2, 2010, respectively), whose objective is to prohibit and sanction sexual harassment as a discriminatory practice based on sex, against the dignity of women and men in labor and educational relations; among the considerations to be taken into account are: ▪ This policy must be made known to all collaborators in written and verbal form.
Likewise, the content of the Law against Sexual Harassment must be disseminated within the company. ▪ The company must maintain personnel with experience in the prevention of sexual harassment. ▪ The Ministry of Labor must be informed of all complaints of sexual harassment that are filed in the workplace. ▪ Within the sexual harassment policy, Investigative Commissions must be established, whose appointment, duration, procedures, and other details must be recognized and supervised by the Ministry of Labor. ▪ Child labor: It is the activity that involves the participation of children under fifteen years of age, whatever the type of relationship established—salaried, independent work, family work, among others—in the production and commercialization of goods or in the provision of services that prevent their access, performance, and permanence in education or is carried out in dangerous environments, producing immediate or future negative effects on intellectual, physical, psychological, moral, or social development. ▪ The company must have an internal, written policy that prevents child labor. ▪ The company will not expose working children or adolescents to situations, inside or outside the workplace, that are dangerous, unsafe, or unhealthy. ▪ The company will establish, document, maintain, and effectively communicate to all its collaborators and interested parties, the policy and procedures for the rescue of children found working and will provide the necessary help to allow these children to be attended to by the competent entities. ▪ Comply with the current legislation related to this issue, for example, among others: Code of Childhood and Adolescence, Law No. 7739 of January 6, 1998; Labor Code of August 27, 1943; International Conventions of the International Labor Organization, especially No. 138, ratified by Costa Rica through Law No. 5594 of October 21, 1974; Approval of International Convention Number 182 on "The Prohibition of the Worst Forms of Child Labor and Immediate Action for their Elimination," Law No. 8122 of August 17, 2001; Prohibition of Dangerous and Unhealthy Work for Adolescent Workers, Law No. 8922 of February 3, 2011; Regulation to the Law on Prohibition of Dangerous and Unhealthy Work for Adolescent Workers, Executive Decree No. 36640-MTSS of June 22, 2011, among others. ▪ Make known to the company's personnel the texts of Law No. 7600, Equal Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities, of April 18, 1996. ▪ Define within the company's objectives the achievement of non-discriminatory attention for persons with disabilities. ▪ Promote facilities and conditions for the labor insertion of persons with disabilities. ▪ Comply with the necessary accessibility in its infrastructure, as stipulated in the corresponding legislation. ▪ Encourage community work among its collaborators.
| | | | | | | | | 28. Questions that will be graded as additional or optional to the evaluation and that would allow recovering points that have been lost. | | | | | | | | | Weighting | YES | NO | Scope to which it applies | | 28.1 | The company offers the visitor the option to offset GHG emissions at the establishment via the Internet or by credit card charge. | 1 | | | Physical Biological | | 28.2 | The company has its own natural reserve area. | 1 | | | Physical Biological | | 28.3 | The reserve owned by the company is duly registered before the corresponding entity and under an adequate management plan. | 2 | | | Physical Biological | | 28.4 | The company has its own garden using basic principles of organic and/or hydroponic agriculture and they are certified as pesticide-free. | 3 | | | Service Plant | | 28.5 | A treatment is used for the pool water that does not require the addition of chemicals such as chlorine or algaecides. | 1 | | | Service Plant | | 28.6 | The company has batteries of sanitary services, facilities, access areas, or common areas with total accessibility according to the regulatory technical specifications of the public and private bodies in charge of the matter and according to its size, and with rooms with total accessibility in accordance with compliance with Law 7600. | 1 | | | Service Plant | | 28.7 | There is a company doctor covering all the company's collaborators, and occupational medicine programs are developed. | 1 | | | Socioeconomic | | 28.8 | The company has obtained some recognition from the community for its community work or some award at the national level for its sustainability policies. | 2 | | | Socioeconomic | | 28.9 | The company has obtained some recognition at the international level for its sustainability policies. | 2 | | | Socioeconomic | | 28.10 | The company executes cooperation agreements for the development of scientific research related to the knowledge or conservation of local biodiversity. | 2 | | | Physical Biological | | 28.11 | The company has a special archaeological area, buildings declared cultural or historical heritage and is protected by national or international legislation. | 1 | | | Socioeconomic | | 28.12 | The company has a special area for the protection and recognition of living cultures according to Costa Rican indigenous groups and complies with national legislation. | 2 | | | Socioeconomic | | 28.13 | The company is equitable when hiring women and local minorities, including in managerial positions, while refraining from hiring children. | 2 | | | Socioeconomic | | 28.14 | The company contributes to the protection of local historical, archaeological, cultural, and spiritual properties and sites, and does not impede access to them by local residents. | 2 | | | Socioeconomic | | 28.15 | The company uses local elements of art, architecture, or cultural heritage in its operations, design, decoration, food, or shops; while respecting the intellectual property rights of local communities, integrating fair trade elements. | 2 | | | Socioeconomic | | 28.16 | The company offers extra-salary incentives for its collaborators: such as a solidarist association, subsidized food, daycare centers, bonuses for performance recognition, discounts on tourist packages, among others; as well as for the human and professional development of the collaborators. | 1 | | | Socioeconomic | | 28.17 | The company applies innovative ideas in its operation that allow it to pollute less. | 2 | | | Physical Biological | | 28.18 | The company has considered the criteria of the traditional architecture of the place or ecological architecture and its impact on the landscape when constructing the necessary infrastructure and facilities. | 1 | | | Physical Biological | | 28.19 | The design, construction, or remodeling of the property linked to tourism seeks to mitigate impacts resulting from climate change. | 2 | | | Physical Biological | | 28.20 | There is a Customer Service Area with established procedures to guarantee, for example: tools for collecting customer perception, research, processing, incorporation into continuous improvement (implements observations and recommendations), resolution, response to the customer, information protection, and at least biannual studies on the degree of customer satisfaction. | 1 | | | External Client | (*) NA = ALL QUESTIONS UNDER THE CORRESPONDING DESCRIPTOR AND SCOPE THAT DO NOT HAVE AN "X" ARE MANDATORY.
SCOPE: PHYSICAL BIOLOGICAL / QUESTION 1.1 - 1.2: example of possible impacts that the company can detect and manage.
| NEGATIVE IMPACT | SHORT- OR LONG-TERM EFFECTS | CHECK IF IDENTIFIED IN YOUR COMPANY | ACTIONS TO MITIGATE NEGATIVE IMPACTS | REFERENCE DOCUMENT / EXECUTION PLAN | ACTIONS START DATE | ACTIONS EXECUTION DATES | RESULT OBTAINED | PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR ACTIONS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alteration of the environment | Tourism activity requires infrastructure that sometimes deteriorates the natural environment, not only transforming the physical environment of the areas, but also destroying ecosystems, contaminating soils, causing extinction of fauna and flora species, among others. | |||||||
| Geology | The construction of basic or support infrastructure generates irreversible alterations due to earthworks (movimiento de suelos), soil impermeability, changes in water circulation, and landscape transformations. | |||||||
| Unmonitored water consumption | Seasonal increases in demographic density increase consumption of the resource | |||||||
| Unmonitored energy consumption | Seasonal increases in demographic density increase consumption of the resource | |||||||
| Waste generation | The excessive accumulation of trash, besides being a negative visual impact and altering other elements of nature, changes nutrient conditions, depending on the type of trash, and sometimes blocks the passage of air and light, generating alterations in vegetation. | |||||||
| Residual discharges | Hotel facilities and support services are the main sources of residual discharges in many tourism developments. The production of wastewater can contaminate surface and groundwater. | |||||||
| Infrastructure overload | This manifests when the intensity of visits exceeds the capacity of the planned infrastructure. This in turn brings contamination and possible health consequences. | |||||||
| Lack of Training | Service quality | |||||||
| Unskilled labor | Higher-level or qualified employment (and therefore, better paid) will be filled, at least in the initial stages, mainly by outsiders. Lower-skilled and lower-paid jobs tend to be filled by local residents. | |||||||
| Deculturation | The visitors' culture seems stronger than that of the local population. Tourism is a necessarily invasive process, which submerges traditional communities into the modern world, endangering their defined lifestyles and cultural products. | |||||||
| Segregation of local residents | The spatial separation of tourist areas from the rest of the tourist center or in the surrounding countryside sometimes entails social segregation. | |||||||
| Temporary jobs | When tourism is the main industry in a region, off-season periods give rise to unemployment problems, leaving serious economic and social effects in the region. |
en la totalidad del texto - Usted está en la última versión de la norma - Texto Completo Norma 0 Certificación para la Sostenibilidad Turística que se aplicará para evaluaciones en empresas de hospedaje Texto Completo acta: ED831 INSTITUTO COSTARRICENSE DE TURISMO CERTIFICACION PARA LA SOSTENIBILIDAD TURISTICA NORMA CST - ESTABLECIMIENTOS DE HOSPEDAJE MACHOTE PARA EMITIR CODIGO DE BOLETA: B2-HO DECLARACION JURADA EL INSTITUTO COSTARRICENSE DE TURISMO INFORMA QUE ESTA ES LA NORMA CERTIFICACIÓN PARA LA SOSTENIBILIDAD TURÍSTICA QUE SE APLICARÁ PARA EVALUACIONES EN EMPRESAS DE HOSPEDAJE A PARTIR DE SU PUBLICACIÓN.
NORMA CST PARA EMPRESAS DE HOSPEDAJE, COSTA RICA 2013 (DECLARACIÓN JURADA) Número de protocolo (todo en letras). Ante mí __________, Notario Público con oficina en __________, comparece el / la señor (a) (nombre completo o indicar excepción si es extranjero) __________, mayor, estado civil __________, ocupación __________, nacionalidad (en caso de ser extranjero: número de pasaporte o cédula de residencia, todo en letras) __________, vecino (a) de (indicar dirección exacta) __________, portador (a) de la cédula de identidad / residencia número (todo en letras) __________, en su condición de (cargo en la empresa) __________, con facultades de _________ de la Sociedad Anónima (nombre completo de la sociedad) _________, con cédula de Persona Jurídica número (todo en letras) __________, sociedad inscrita en la Sección Mercantil del Registro Público, al tomo, folio, asiento (todo en letras) __________, propietario del Establecimiento de Hospedaje denominado (nombre del establecimiento) __________ ubicado en (indicar dirección exacta) __________, teniendo conocimiento de los alcances de la legislación que rige la operación de mi establecimiento, DECLARO BAJO FE DE JURAMENTO, ante los testigos (si los hay, no es obligatorio, pero si los hay debe anotarse el nombre completo y las calidades) __________, conociendo que de no decir la verdad, podría incurrir en falso testimonio y el perjurio sancionadas con pena de prisión según el Código Penal y advertido (a) por el suscrito Notario (a) de la trascendencia de sus manifestaciones declaro lo siguiente:
PRIMERO: Que el establecimiento de hospedaje aspirante a recibir el Certificado para la Sostenibilidad Turística, conocido por las iniciales ¨CST¨, se encuentra a derecho con la legislación vigente, especialmente con aquella que se refiere a las siguientes regulaciones, según corresponda a nuestra operación:
1. Acuerdo sobre la Aplicación de las Disposiciones de la Convención de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Derecho del Mar del 10 de diciembre de 1982, Relativas a la Conservación y Ordenación de las Poblaciones de Peces Transzonales y las Poblaciones de Peces Altamente Migratorias; firmado en Nueva York el 4 de diciembre de 1995, y aprobada su adhesión por Costa Rica mediante Ley No. 8059 del 12 de diciembre del 2000, publicada en la Gaceta del 2 de febrero del 2001.
2. Convención sobre el Comercio Internacional de Especies Amenazadas de Flora y Fauna Silvestres (CITES), Ley Nº 5605 de 22 de octubre de 1974.
3. Código de Conducta Para Pesca Responsable, aprobado por la FAO, establecida su aplicación oficial por el Decreto Ejecutivo N° 27919 del 16 de diciembre de 1998.
4. Código de Trabajo, Ley N° 2 del 27 de agosto de 1943.
5. Código Municipal, Ley N° 7794 del 30 de abril de 1998, artículo 79.
6. Ley sobre la Zona Marítimo Terrestre, Ley Nº 6043 del 2 de marzo de 1977 y sus reformas.
7. Ley de Conservación de la Vida Silvestre, Ley N° 7317 del 30 de octubre 1992 y sus reformas.
8. Ley Orgánica del Ambiente, Ley N° 7554 del 04 de octubre de 1995 y sus reformas.
9. Ley sobre Patrimonio Nacional Arqueológico, Ley N° 6703 del 28 de diciembre de 1981 y sus reformas.
10. Ley Forestal, Ley N° 7575 del 13 de febrero de 1996 y sus reformas.
11. Ley de Aguas, Ley N° 276 del 27 de agosto de 1942 y sus reformas.
12. Ley General de Salud, Ley N° 5395 del 30 de octubre de 1973 y sus reformas.
13. Ley de Protección, Conservación y Recuperación de las Poblaciones de Tortugas Marinas, Ley Nº 8325 de 22 de octubre de 2002, artículo 4.
14. Ley de Pesca y Acuicultura, N ° 8436 del 1 de marzo del 2005, vigente desde el 25 de abril del 2005: artículos 9, 38, 63, 64, 68, 69, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 79, 140, 141, 147.
15. Ley General de Control del Tabaco y sus efectos nocivos en la salud, Ley N° 9028 del 22 de marzo del 2012 y su reglamento, Decreto Ejecutivo N° 37185 del 26 de junio del 2012.
16. Reglamento General para el otorgamiento de Permisos de Funcionamiento del Ministerio de Salud", publicado mediante Decreto Ejecutivo Nº 34728-S del 28 de mayo de 2008.
17. Regulaciones para la caza menor y caza mayor fuera de las áreas silvestres protegidas y de la pesca en áreas silvestres protegidas, Decreto Ejecutivo N° 36515-MINAET del 28 de enero del 2011.
18. Decreto Ejecutivo Nº 19647 de 30 de marzo de 1990, reglamenta la captura de Cambute y Langosta: artículo 2.
19. Decreto Ejecutivo Nº 13371-A de 16 de febrero de 1982 establece la talla mínima de captura y comercialización de la Piangua: artículo 1.
20. Decreto Ejecutivo Nº 30742-S-MAG-MSP de 5 de agosto de 2002, regula la comercialización primaria de la piangua (Anadara tuberculosa): artículo 1 21. Creación de las Áreas Marinas de Pesca Responsable, Decreto Ejecutivo Nº 35502-MAG de 1° de octubre del 2009.
22. Creación de Área Marina de Manejo Montes Submarinos; Decreto Ejecutivo N° 36452 del 3 de marzo del 2011, artículos 4, 6 y 8.
23. Regulación de las nuevas categorías de manejo para las Áreas Marinas Protegidas, conforme al Reglamento a la Ley de Biodiversidad; Decreto Ejecutivo N° 35369 del 18 de mayo del 2009, artículos 9, 9 bis y 16.
24. Reglamento a la Ley de Conservación de Vida Silvestre, Decreto Nº 32633-MINAE de 20 de setiembre de 2005. Artículos 26, 29.
25. Reglamento de Vertido y Reuso de Aguas Residuales, Decreto Ejecutivo n° 33601 del 09 de agosto del 2006 y sus reformas, 26. Prohibición de Aleteo de Tiburones, de importación de aletas y de transporte, trasiego y portación de aletas dentro de una embarcación en aguas jurisdiccionales, Decreto Ejecutivo N° 37354 del 10 de octubre del 2012; 27. y los siguientes Acuerdos: Acuerdo de Junta Directiva de INCOPESCA Nº 051-1995 de 23 de marzo de 1995, prohíbe pesca comercial la pesca comercial con todo tipo de trasmallo, chinchorro y red de arrastre a menos de 4 brazas (6.4 metros) de profundidad; Acuerdo de Junta Directiva del INCOPESCA Nº 114 de 25 de abril de 2003, Reglamento para el Programa Nacional de Certificación de cumplimiento de buenas prácticas de manejo de productos pesqueros para la exportación y el mercado interno (HACCP). Artículo 3.; Acuerdo de Junta Directiva de INCOPESCA Nº 439-2003 de 24 de octubre del 2003, pesca deportiva.
Artículo 1.; Acuerdo de Junta Directiva del INCOPESCA Nº 221-2009 de 30 de julio de 2009. Regula la pesquería de camarón y otros crustáceos en el país. Artículo 7, 8, 9; Acuerdo de Junta Directiva de INCOPESCA Nº 153-2000. Prohíbe la extracción y comercialización de Cambute en aguas de Costa Rica. Artículo 1.; Acuerdo de Junta Directiva de INCOPESCA Nº 090-2009 de 08 de abril del 2009. Prohíbe la pesca dirigida al pez vela, utilizando palangre de superficie adaptada para ese fin y con carnada viva. Artículo 1, 8; Acuerdo de Junta Directiva de INCOPESCA Nº 221-2009 de 30 de julio de 2009, establece zonificación del golfo de Nicoya, dividiéndolo en tres zonas para los efectos de ordenación pesquera, y estableciendo artes de pesca permitidas en cada zona: Artículo 9.; Acuerdo de Junta Directiva de INCOPESCA Nº 315-2009 de 25 de octubre de 200920 de noviembre de 2009, declara Palito de Chira, como área marina de pesca responsable. Artículo 2 y Acuerdo de Junta Directiva de INCOPESCA Nº 191-2010 de 11 de junio de 2010, declara el golfo Dulce como área marina de pesca responsable. Artículo 1.
SEGUNDO: Que no se encuentra en estado de mora de las siguientes obligaciones en lo que le sea legalmente aplicable: el pago de impuestos ante el Instituto Costarricense de Turismo, el pago de las cuotas obrero patronales ante la Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, el pago al Fondo de Desarrollo Social y Asignaciones Familiares (FODESAF) de un 5% sobre el total de sueldos y salarios que paguen mensualmente a sus trabajadores según la Ley de Desarrollo Social y Asignaciones Familiares, Ley N° 5662 del 23 de diciembre de 1974 y el impuesto a las Personas Jurídicas de la Ley N° 9024 del 23 de diciembre del 2011.
TERCERO: Asimismo, me comprometo a mantener esta condición por el tiempo de vigencia del Certificado y cumplir con los términos de la normativa antes indicada, por ser esto requisito sine qua non para obtener el Certificado para la Sostenibilidad Turística.
CUARTO: Que señalo como medios y dirección para recibir notificaciones relacionadas con el trámite de obtención del Certificado para la Sostenibilidad Turística, así como para cualquier acto o resolución que en el futuro y una vez otorgado el mismo, puedan afectar a la empresa, los siguientes: el número de facsímile , la dirección de correo electrónico y la siguiente dirección física: . Me comprometo además a comunicar por escrito al Instituto Costarricense de Turismo de cualquier cambio de estos medios y dirección señalados, de lo contrario acepto ser notificado en cualquier lugar o medio que conste en el expediente.
Es todo. Expido un primer testimonio. Leído lo escrito a la declarante, dice que lo aprueba y juntos firmamos en la ciudad de __________, a las __________ horas con __________ minutos del (día) __________ de (mes) __________ del (año) __________. (La firma debe transcribirse en caso que firme con el nombre o si la firma es ilegible debe ponerse tan sólo la palabra ¨ilegible¨, luego firma el notario.- LO ANTERIOR ES COPIA FIEL Y EXACTA DE LA ESCRITURA NUMERO __________ VISIBLE AL FOLIO __________ FRENTE / VUELTO DEL TOMO __________ DEL PROTOCOLO DEL (LA) SUSCRITO (A) NOTARIO (A). CONFRONTANDO QUE FUE CON SU ORIGINAL RESULTO CONFORME Y LO EXPIDO COMO PRIMER TESTIMONIO A LA MISMA HORA, FECHA Y LUGAR DEL OTORGAMEINTO DE LA MATRIZ.
Timbres-firmas y sellos correspondientes. (DEBE SER FIRMADA POR UN NOTARIO PÚBLICO) Las declaraciones deben de venir AUTENTICADAS POR EL ABOGADO, esto significa: firma, sello de agua, timbres y código de barras.
NORMA CST PARA EVALUAR EMPRESAS DE HOSPEDAJE, COSTA RICA 2013 | Ámbito Físico-Biológico | | | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | 1. Medio Ambiente y Conservación | Ponderación | SÍ | NO | NA (*) | | 1.1 | La empresa identifica y evalúa los impactos negativos causados o que es posible causar al medio ambiente debido a su operación, mediante un registro escrito, según Registro de Impactos Ambientales aportada por el Departamento de Sostenibilidad Turística (B13-HO). | 1 | | | | | 1.2 | La empresa ha diseñado un plan de monitoreo que le permita mitigar o eliminar los posibles impactos negativos identificados, según el mismo registro de la pregunta anterior. | 2 | | | | | 1.3 | Se cuenta con procedimientos definidos para denunciar ante las autoridades competentes cualquier daño ambiental en los alrededores de la empresa y éste es del conocimiento de sus colaboradores. | 1 | | | | | 1.4 | La empresa participa regularmente en actividades ambientales que se llevan a cabo en su entorno o en otras regiones del país. | 2 | | | | | 1.5 | La empresa forma parte de organizaciones regionales, locales, nacionales o internacionales que trabajan continuamente en la problemática ambiental. | 2 | | | | | 1.6 | La empresa cuenta un plan de gestión ambiental y con una persona responsable para dar seguimiento al mismo (regente o colaborador directo de la empresa). | 3 | | | | | 1.7 | La empresa forma parte de algún proceso o norma de gestión ambiental en la zona. | 1 | | | X | | ¿Por qué? ▪ La empresa turística tiene un impacto ambiental en las áreas donde desarrolla su principal actividad comercial, por lo que debe ser responsable con programas o acciones integrales en su operación que minimicen el impacto negativo y reforzar los impactos positivos. ▪ Los impactos que puedan ser provocados tienen consecuencias directas o indirectas sobre la sostenibilidad económica de la empresa.
¿Qué es un impacto ambiental? Cualquier cambio en el ambiente, adverso o beneficioso que resulta de las actividades, productos o servicios de una empresa. Ley Orgánica del Ambiente, artículo 2. Principios: ▪ El ambiente es patrimonio común de todos los habitantes de la Nación, con las excepciones que establezcan la Constitución Política, los convenios internacionales y las leyes. El Estado y los particulares deben participar en su conservación y utilización sostenible, ya que son de utilidad pública e interés social. ▪ Todos tienen derecho a disfrutar de un ambiente sano y ecológicamente sostenible para desarrollarse, así como tienen el deber de conservarlo, según el artículo 50 de nuestra Constitución Política. ¿Qué se espera? Que la Empresa: ▪ Valore el entorno donde se encuentra inmersa, que conozca y mitigue los impactos negativos potenciales, en coordinación con los sectores públicos, privados y no gubernamentales. ▪ Participe activamente en la solución de los problemas ambientales tanto a nivel regional, como local.
Prácticas recomendadas ▪ Diseñar un plan en donde se estipulen las principales normas de gestión y operación de la empresa en materia ambiental, que permita más o mejor calidad y cantidad de agua, mejores vistas escénicas, más cobertura vegetal, fauna silvestre en hábitats naturales, infraestructura con diseños más sostenibles, bioclimáticos (diseño de edificaciones teniendo en cuenta las condiciones climáticas, aprovechando los recursos disponibles (sol, vegetación, lluvia, vientos) para disminuir los impactos ambientales, intentando reducir los consumos de energía), reducción de costos de operación por ahorro de agua, energía e insumos, entre otros. ▪ Generar un círculo de discusión periódica entre funcionarios clave de la empresa sobre impactos actuales y potenciales que genera la actividad de la empresa. ▪ Realizar un seguimiento a los impactos y los resultados de las acciones para su mitigación, como actividad paralela a las actividades diarias de la empresa. ▪ Atender las sugerencias o reclamos provenientes de las comunidades y entidades oficiales respecto a prácticas perjudiciales de parte de la empresa. ▪ La evaluación de estas acciones de mitigación debe mostrarse con indicadores cuantitativos o cualitativos. ▪ Respetar y promover la legislación y reglamentos pertinentes nacionales e internacionales, en materia ambiental. ▪ Contar con el apoyo activo de la Gerencia, de tal manera que sea visible la misión, visión, políticas, objetivos estratégicos y planes operativos. ▪ Algunos ejemplos de Normativa Ambiental: Ley Orgánica del Ambiente No. 7554 del 4 de octubre de 1994, Ley General de Salud No. 5395 del 23 de octubre de 1973, Ley de Conservación de la Vida Silvestre No. 7317 del 30 de octubre de 1992, Ley Forestal No. 7575 del 13 de febrero de 1993, Reglamento sobre Emisión de Contaminantes Atmosféricos provenientes de Calderas.
Decreto Ejecutivo No. 30222-S-MINAE, Ley Gestión Integral de Residuos No. 8839, 25 de mayo 2010, Decreto Ejecutivo No. 33601 MINAE-S, Reglamento de Vertido y Rehusó de Aguas Residuales, entre otras. | | | | | | | | 2. Áreas Verdes (No aplica en el caso de hoteles de ciudad o que no tengan áreas verdes) | | | | | | 2.1 | En las áreas verdes la vegetación está compuesta en forma predominante por especies nativas de la región o del país, gracias a que la empresa lo ha considerado como prioritario en la planificación paisajística. | 2 | | | X | | 2.2 | Las especies introducidas de carácter ornamental, no se están propagando hacia otras áreas del entorno gracias a un plan de manejo. | 1 | | | X | | 2.3 | Las especies nativas están debidamente identificadas con su respectiva taxonomía (nombre común y nombre científico) | 3 | | | X | | 2.4 | Se mantiene por escrito una pequeña reseña ilustrativa para efectos divulgativos sobre historia natural y el uso de las especies nativas rotuladas en las áreas verdes. | 1 | | | X | | 2.5 | Para el mantenimiento de las áreas verdes, se utilizan insumos amigables con el ambiente, preferiblemente orgánicos. | 2 | | | X | | 2.6 | La empresa verifica que los productos fitosanitarias que utiliza estén debidamente registrados y autorizados por el servicio fitosanitario del MAG. | 1 | | | X | | ¿Por qué?
Las áreas verdes constituyen un elemento estético muy valioso dentro de las empresas turísticas. Se pueden utilizar como espacios de luz, pulmón, bio-climatización (diseño de edificaciones teniendo en cuenta las condiciones climáticas, aprovechando los recursos disponibles (sol, vegetación, lluvia, vientos) para disminuir los impactos ambientales, intentando reducir los consumos de energía), o potenciarse con usos menos convencionales como salas de espera y descanso, observación de aves, jardines de plantas medicinales, viveros, exhibición de arte de exteriores o educación e interpretación ambiental. ¿Qué se espera? Que la Empresa: ▪ Considere que el diseño de áreas verdes, es una parte muy importante de la empresa, por lo tanto ante el turista debe reflejar la visión de la empresa con respecto al medio ambiente, naturaleza y el producto turístico del país. ▪ Permita que las áreas verdes funcionen como puntos de atracción de especies nativas de fauna y aves migratorias. ▪ Considere que las áreas verdes no se constituyan en barreras naturales para las especies de flora y fauna del lugar.
Prácticas recomendadas ▪ Utilizar los criterios de sostenibilidad deseables en áreas verdes como: uso de especies nativas, uso de especies que no generen amenazas a la seguridad (frutos o defoliación que se tornen resbalosos, atraer plagas o enfermedades, levantar el piso con las raíces, auto poda de ramas que caen). ▪ Hacer un levantamiento de especies en las áreas verdes, principalmente de las que se encuentran en los alrededores de áreas comunes, esto para determinar el porcentaje de especies nativas en la propiedad, el mismo debe estar avalado por un profesional en la materia Emplear especies que alimenten y refugien flora y fauna nativa por ejemplo: bromelias, orquídeas, aves, mamíferos e insectos, emplear fertilizantes y controladores de enfermedades y plagas inocuos u orgánicos, diversificar estratos y las especies utilizadas. ▪ Establecer rotulaciones interpretativas. ▪ Para efectos de colocar rótulos en la flora de jardines, áreas verdes, patios de luz, antejardines, viveros o en miradores y senderos, se deben considerar los siguientes datos: nombre común, nombre científico, familia botánica, distribución, usos actuales o potenciales, otros datos de interés.
Se recomienda no clavar o atornillar la rotulación en los árboles y/o plantas. ▪ El conocimiento de la historia natural de los recursos biológicos de un espacio es fundamental, de modo que se pueda divulgar la información más relevante y de manera técnica, los datos taxonómicos. Para darlos a conocer se puede diseñar una auto-guía para el cliente ubicándola en las áreas de estancia, en habitaciones, entre otros. ▪ Utilizar medios naturales para el mantenimiento, tales como abonos orgánicos, repelentes naturales (plantas con aromas repelentes), insecticidas a base de extractos vegetales, evitando así el uso de productos químicos. Esto debe ser manejado como un elemento más de educación y divulgación. ▪ Mantener información proporcionada por el proveedor de los productos utilizados y/o procesos realizados para obtenerlos si los abonos y/o repelentes son producidos en la propiedad. | | | | | | | | 3.
Cancha de Golf | | | | | | 3.1 | Cuando la cancha fue planeada, se identificaron y evaluaron los impactos negativos que podría causar, se creó un plan alternativo para reducirlos y compensarlos, y existe un registro escrito de ello (para ello se puede utilizar la misma matriz de impactos recomendada para 1.1 y 1.2). | 3 | | | X | | 3.2 | Se aplicaron los criterios de la arquitectura bioclimática y paisajística en la infraestructura al ser construida y esto consta por parte de un profesional que lo respalde. | 2 | | | X | | 3.3 | La empresa ha considerado como prioritaria la vegetación nativa en la planificación paisajística y evita la existencia de especies invasoras en los terrenos dedicados a la cancha de golf. | 1 | | | X | | 3.4 | La empresa cuenta con una guía o inventario de las especies de flora y fauna existentes con su taxonomía e información respectiva de las especies. | 2 | | | X | | 3.5 | Dentro de los procesos de preparación y mantenimiento de las áreas de la cancha de golf, la empresa utiliza productos amigables con el ambiente y sus productos fitosanitarios están debidamente registrados por el ente competente (para césped y áreas ornamentales y arbóreas) | 2 | | | X | | 3.6 | La empresa realiza una gestión integral del uso del agua teniendo en cuenta al menos alguno de los siguientes aspectos: su más eficaz aprovechamiento a través de un sistema de monitoreo y optimización para cumplir metas de reducción del uso, reutiliza aguas residuales para el riego de la cancha de golf, se garantiza de hacerlo en tiempos del día dónde es más eficiente y cuenta con sistemas de riego que maximizan el uso del recurso hídrico. | 3 | | | X | | 3.7 | La empresa contribuye a la conservación de la biodiversidad mediante proyectos ambientales promoviendo la generación de hábitats y corredores biológicos dentro de las áreas de la cancha de golf, permitiendo a la fauna silvestre transitar libremente y garantizando la continuidad vegetal, que puede servir para anido, refugio o alimentación de la fauna. | 3 | | | X | | 3.8 | En el caso de lagunas artificiales y/o humedales, además de lo estético y decorativo, la empresa le da el uso ambiental adecuado para el desarrollo y fortalecimiento de la vida silvestre. | 2 | | | X | | 3.9 | La empresa cuenta con carritos eléctricos, bicicletas o senderos para reducir las emisiones de dióxido de carbono y además para mantener un ambiente silencioso con el fin de que los usuarios o huéspedes puedan disfrutar de las áreas naturales que rodean la propiedad. | 3 | | | X | | ¿Por qué? ▪ El golf como práctica deportiva ha experimentado un importante proceso de crecimiento en los últimos años, ya que por sus especiales características se adapta a cualquier edad y casi a cualquier condición física, satisfaciendo las crecientes demandas de ocio y salud. ▪ Ambientalmente el golf por su gran extensión y capacidad de adaptación al medio, puede y debe constituirse en un instrumento que contribuya a la preservación y mejora de los valores ambientales y paisajísticos del territorio, tanto del lugar donde se ubica como de su entorno. ▪ Desde el punto de vista económico, el golf es una actividad que puede representar un segmento específico del sector turístico que complementa las ofertas tradicionales e introduce un elemento de cualificación de las mismas.
¿Qué se espera? Que la Empresa: ▪ A la hora de diseñar la cancha de golf, respete y potencie los recursos paisajísticos presentes en la zona, garantizando su integración con la identidad del lugar. ▪ Algunas consideraciones que puede tomar en cuenta son: topografía existente, áreas sensibles, flora y fauna, el sistema de drenaje, las condiciones climáticas, las zonas de amortización, y aquellos otros factores que aseguren la viabilidad económica, la práctica deportiva y la calidad paisajística. ▪ Se interese por elegir algún programa a nivel nacional o internacional que respalde la gestión ambiental de la cancha de golf, en donde los siguientes factores sean tomados en consideración por ejemplo: planificación ambiental, manejo de vida silvestre y el hábitat, educación y promoción, seguridad y uso reducido de químicos, programas de conservación y manejo adecuado de agua y energía, entre otros.
Prácticas recomendadas Conservación de la naturaleza ▪ Para preservar y proteger la fauna en el interior del campo de golf, designar como santuarios de vida silvestre (parches de vegetación) algunas áreas apartadas de la zona de juego. ▪ Para fomentar la fauna en el interior del campo de golf, crear un hábitat de apoyo en forma de corredores de interconexión entre dichos parches o islas. ▪ Para mejorar la efectividad de los santuarios y otras características del hábitat, disponer de zonas de amortiguamiento que protejan el núcleo ecológico contra cualquier perturbación. ▪ Humedales con bordes de poca profundidad e inclinados que permitan el crecimiento de una banda de vegetación marginal. ▪ En los lagos o lagunas, artificiales o naturales, incorporar terminaciones en forma de playa para favorecer el crecimiento de plantas que permitan el anidamiento de aves acuáticas y el desove de peces. ▪ No permitir la caza dentro del campo de golf. ▪ Llevar a cabo con regularidad un registro de la fauna del recinto. ▪ Tomar medidas para evitar en lo posible atropellar y ahuyentar la fauna. ▪ Realizar toda nueva arquitectura paisajista usando especies nativas. ▪ Llevar a cabo acciones de reforestación con especies nativas y mejora del suelo del campo de golf, para evitar la erosión.
Paisaje y herencia cultural ▪ El campo de golf se mezcla bien con el paisaje y la orografía (conjunto de montañas de una región o de un país) existentes, no desentona con el entorno local ni posee características discordantes que choquen con la estructura de fondo y el patrón que impone el paisaje. ▪ Los árboles, arbustos, flores e hierba seleccionados se complementan bien con la vegetación ya existente. Se debe optar por especies autóctonas. ▪ En el campo de golf prima la utilización de materiales naturales y de colores que se mezclan bien con el entorno, para que los objetos, las construcciones, los caminos no resulten visualmente discordantes y no provoquen la sensación de encontrarse en un paisaje artificial. ▪ Llevar a cabo una revisión de la herencia cultural (histórica, arqueológica, entre otras) del sitio donde se asienta el campo de golf. Gestión de los recursos hídricos ▪ Llevar un control del agua consumida y establecer unos estándares (niveles normales) de utilización de este recurso. ▪ Seleccionar las variedades de césped (las especies vegetales en general) que mejor se adaptan a las características climáticas y de suelo de la zona en la que se sitúa el campo de golf, y son más eficientes desde el punto de vista del consumo de agua. ▪ Establecer áreas de prioridad para la irrigación, con identificación de aquellas que requieren poco o ningún riego. ▪ Realizar comprobaciones regulares del sistema de riego, con la intención de detectar precozmente escapes, cabezales de riego defectuosos o que no proporcionan una cobertura adecuada, mal funcionamiento de las bombas, entre otros. ▪ Realizar un seguimiento regular de los niveles de humedad del suelo. ▪ Evitar la irrigación en condiciones de mucho aire o durante el día. ▪ Usar sustancias hidro receptoras que acumulan agua en el mismo suelo. ▪ Estudiar las características del suelo en el que se localiza el campo de golf y utilizar los productos y el sistema de irrigación que mejor se adaptan a las mismas. ▪ El personal ha recibido la capacitación apropiada para una óptima gestión del agua. ▪ Usar índices de evapotranspiración y datos meteorológicos para ajustar el programa de irrigación. ▪ Regar a mano únicamente pequeñas áreas secas, para evitar la inundación de las áreas adyacentes. ▪ Usar sondas de profundidad para detectar el nivel de profundidad del agua y disminuir riegos inútiles. ▪ Recoger el agua de lluvia y destinarla al riego. ▪ Depurar las aguas residuales y emplearlas para el riego. ▪ Establecer un sistema de seguimiento regular de las condiciones del agua (salinidad, entre otros) a través de análisis químicos. ▪ Realizar un seguimiento de la población de invertebrados y anfibios acuáticos que habitan en los humedales del campo (estos seres actúan como bio-indicadores de la calidad del agua). ▪ Establecer objetivos de ahorro de agua. ▪ Contar con objetivos ligados a la calidad del agua. ▪ Poner a disposición del personal y de los usuarios del campo de golf la información sobre estos objetivos y los resultados alcanzados.
Gestión del césped de juego y de las plagas ▪ Seleccionar las variedades de césped (las especies vegetales en general) más apropiadas para el clima y los suelos de la zona, teniendo en cuenta su baja susceptibilidad a los insectos, enfermedades e infestación de malas hierbas. ▪ Para la nutrición del césped, usar una dosificación lenta o fertilizantes naturales orgánicos. ▪ Para el monitoreo y gestión de las plagas, identificar las enfermedades locales y los problemas de malas hierbas e insectos. ▪ Establecer un programa de seguimiento regular de la calidad del césped, los niveles de humedad, la fertilidad del suelo y las señales de plagas y enfermedades. ▪ Mantener un historial escrito de actividades de seguimiento, medidas de control utilizadas y los resultados obtenidos. ▪ Elegir los controles de las plagas que resulten menos tóxicos; utilizar métodos como la lucha biológica e integrada.
Eficiencia energética ▪ Establecer objetivos de reducción del consumo energético. ▪ Informar a los trabajadores y usuarios de nuestras instalaciones de los resultados obtenidos. ▪ Gestionar el consumo de electricidad utilizando al máximo posible los horarios adecuados. ▪ Contar con un programa de mantenimiento preventivo de instalaciones en base al cual se revisan con regularidad las maquinarias y equipos, la iluminación, las calderas, entre otros. ▪ A la hora de comprar equipos y maquinaria, dar preferencia a los modelos más eficientes en el consumo de combustible y que utilizan energías limpias, respetuosas con el medioambiente. ▪ Utilizar vehículos eléctricos o propulsados con energía solar. ▪ En todas las decisiones de compra, primar la elección de alternativas ecológicas. ▪ Exigir a los proveedores la recogida de los envases usados o la pertenencia a un Sistema Integrado de Gestión (SIG). ▪ Instalar paneles solares e incrementar progresivamente la generación y uso de este tipo de energía limpia. ▪ A la hora de comprar cualquier maquinaria (como las máquinas corta césped o las bombas), tener en cuenta el ruido que pueda producir, procurando su minimización.
Comunicación y capacitación ▪ Editar un folleto o una revista en la que se incluyan regularmente artículos sobre los proyectos y logros medioambientales del campo de golf. ▪ Producir material divulgativo sobre la herencia natural y cultural del campo de golf, dando a conocer, por ejemplo, las especies de flora y fauna existentes a lo largo del recorrido. ▪ Asignar a cada hoyo el nombre de una especie que habita en el campo de golf. ▪ Instalar en el campo una serie de rotulación interpretativa - informativas situadas en los puntos estratégicos. ▪ Erigir señales para demarcar las fronteras de los santuarios de vida salvaje existentes en el campo o para resaltar sus puntos de interés. ▪ Hacer de conocimiento de los colaboradores y clientes el programa medio ambiental y los resultados conseguidos, y que esté disponible en un lugar visible. ▪ Algunas de las certificaciones internacionales existentes para campos de golf están: Golf Environment Organisation (GEO), Biosphere, se trata de una distinción que otorga la UNESCO, a través del Instituto de Turismo Responsable (ITR), entidad asociada a la UNESCO, que avala que las actividades de los campos de golf se realicen de acuerdo con criterios de sostenibilidad y cuidado del medio ambiente, y Audubon Cooperative Sanctuary Program, entre otras. | | | | | | | | 4.
Áreas Naturales | | | | | | 4.1 | La empresa incentiva a sus clientes a visitar las áreas silvestres protegidas mediante información que tienen para tales efectos, así como las áreas naturales que cuentan con un reconocimiento de parte del Estado. | 1 | | | | | 4.2 | La empresa apoya el mantenimiento o manejo de alguna área silvestre protegida o de alguna reserva o área natural. | 1 | | | | | 4.3 | En caso de operar tours a dicha área silvestre, la empresa cumple con la capacidad de carga establecida solicitada por los administradores del área silvestre. | 2 | | | X | | 4.4 | Dentro de sus áreas la empresa promueve la generación de hábitats naturales y corredores biológicos que permiten a la fauna silvestre transitar libremente y garantizan la continuidad vegetal, que puede servir para apareamiento, anidación, refugio o alimentación de la fauna silvestre. | 2 | | | X | | ¿Por qué? ▪ Una reserva natural o reserva ecológica es un área protegida de importancia para la vida silvestre, flora o fauna, o con rasgos geológicos de especial interés que es protegida y manejada por el hombre, con fines de conservación y de proveer oportunidades de investigación y de educación. ▪ Las áreas naturales representan un punto vital para la imagen turística del país. ▪ El turista debe sentir una congruencia absoluta entre las políticas de manejo de la empresa y las áreas silvestres protegidas a las que se les invita a visitar.
¿Qué se espera? Que la Empresa: ▪ Reconozca que la conservación ambiental genera beneficios locales, regionales y nacionales y con una adecuada gestión turística responsable, éstos, se pueden potenciar y consolidar en los destinos turísticos. ▪ Promueva el uso adecuado de estas áreas naturales como destinos turísticos. ▪ Utilice especies autóctonas para fines paisajísticos y de restauración y adopta medidas para impedir la introducción de especies exóticas invasoras. ▪ Contribuya con la conservación de la biodiversidad, apoyando al Estado y otras entidades en el mantenimiento y manejo de estas áreas. ▪ Fomente el uso de estas áreas apegándose a las directrices y normas establecidas para tales propósitos. Prácticas recomendadas ▪ Fomentar la responsabilidad ambiental en los empresarios turísticos comprometidos, al educar en temas ambientales y sensibilizar tanto a los visitantes como a la población local. ▪ En el Plan de gestión ambiental se pueden incorporar medidas muy específicas o generales, tanto como diseño de políticas, planes de capacitación, hasta educación ambiental, reforestación, bio- remediación (cualquier proceso que utilice microorganismos, hongos, plantas o las enzimas derivadas de ellos para retornar un medio ambiente alterado por contaminantes a su condición natural), entre otros. ▪ Mantener información detallada sobre las áreas silvestres protegidas y reservas privadas locales aledañas, o no, incluyendo como mínimo: ubicación, rutas de acceso, principales atractivos, facilidades, horarios de visita, capacidad, normas establecidas para la visita, entre otros. ▪ Capacitar y promover la legislación pertinente por ejemplo: Ley Orgánica del Ambiente No. 7554, Ley de Conservación de la Vida Silvestre No. 7317, Ley de Biodiversidad No. 7788, Ley Zona Marítimo Terrestre No. 6043, Ley Forestal No. 7575. ▪ Conocer de previo los diferentes criterios de capacidad de carga de los sitios que se visitan: o Físicos: niveles aceptables de congestión e impacto visual: punto al que se mantienen los sistemas ecológicos antes que se produzcan daños. o Económicos: volumen de turismo que genera beneficios óptimos sin distorsiones económicas para las comunidades locales. o Socioculturales: desarrollo turístico que puede absorberse socialmente sin detrimento del estilo de vida y las actividades de la comunidad local. o Infraestructura: disponibilidad suficiente de servicios e instalaciones. ▪ Asociarse con grupos locales o nacionales para fomentar la conservación, a través de acuerdos de cooperación, implementación conjunta de programas, entre otros. ▪ Siempre que sea posible, adquirir una reserva privada en los terrenos de su establecimiento o aledaño, o en otras áreas del país. | | | | | | | | 5.
Protección de Flora y Fauna | | | | | | 5.1 | La empresa evidencia y comunica su oposición a la extracción y comercialización de especies de flora y fauna silvestre continental y marina. | 2 | | | | | 5.2 | No se mantienen dentro del establecimiento especies animales silvestres en cautiverio salvo zoo criaderos y centros de rescate, reconocidos por la autoridad competente. | 2 | | | | | 5.3 | Se cuenta con la política de no fomentar y no permitir los comederos artificiales y es del conocimiento de los colaboradores y clientes en cumplimiento a la Ley de Parques Nacionales No. 6084. | 2 | | | | | 5.4 | La iluminación artificial de la empresa está ubicada adecuadamente para evitar perturbaciones a las especies de fauna silvestre o bien son cubiertas adecuadamente mediante alguna forma tal que evite o minimice la perturbación a las especies. | 2 | | | | | 5.5 | La empresa mantiene las fuentes generadoras de ruido en sitios adecuados y/o con diseños acústicos en donde no afecta en forma negativa a sus huéspedes y vecinos, ni el comportamiento de las especies de fauna silvestre. | 1 | | | | | ¿Por qué?
La flora y fauna constituyen junto con el paisaje donde desarrollan sus ciclos de vida (hábitat, reproducción, dispersión de frutos y semillas, competencia, depredaciones, entre otros), uno de los principales elementos de atracción del turista. La interacción de las especies silvestres no debe afectar negativamente la existencia de las poblaciones en sus medios naturales, los ecosistemas naturales se alteran lo mínimo posible y se rehabilitan, se hacen contribuciones compensatorias a la gestión de la conservación. ¿Qué se espera? Que la Empresa: ▪ Evite alteraciones sobre el medio que repercutan en la flora y la fauna del lugar, evitando por ejemplo: iluminación excesiva, iluminación directa sobre espacios naturales, tendidos eléctricos peligrosos, ruido excesivo, ruido sobre espacios naturales, actividades turísticas nocturnas en espacios naturales sin control o guía adecuados, animales domésticos en el área de influencia. ▪ Impedir la venta dentro de la empresa, de plantas, animales en ninguna forma, incluyendo subproductos o artesanías fabricados a partir de ellos, salvo aquellos que cuenten con los debidos permisos ▪ Respetar y promover la legislación y reglamentos pertinentes nacionales e internacionales, en materia de protección de flora y fauna, por ejemplo: Ley Orgánica del Ambiente, Ley No. 7554 del 4 de octubre de 1994, Ley de Conservación de la Vida Silvestre, Ley No. 7317 del 30 de octubre de 1992, Ley de Biodiversidad No. 7788, Convenio de Cites, 1975, Ley de Parques Nacionales No. 6084, del 24 de agosto 1977.
Prácticas recomendadas ▪ Establecer un registro de comunicados, cartas u otros que demuestren el apoyo que brinda la empresa a las organizaciones regionales o locales que protegen el medio ambiente. ▪ Incluir en la información que se da por escrito o verbal al cliente o turista un llamado directo a que todas sus acciones contribuyan con la protección de la flora y fauna en las regiones que visita. ▪ Facilitar a los clientes información para el conocimiento y la interpretación de los entornos naturales, cultura local, patrimonio cultural. ▪ Instruir sobre la prohibición de la extracción, cautiverio y comercialización ilegal de animales y plantas silvestres. ▪ Prohibir los comederos artificiales en las áreas verdes de la empresa e informar a los clientes al respecto independientemente de que no se tengan áreas verdes. ▪ Capacitar y hacer del conocimiento de los colaboradores y huéspedes que no deben alimentar a los animales silvestres en forma artificial, porque dicha práctica puede causar: problemas de salud por contaminación o contagio por el intercambio de alimentos, surgimiento de dependencia alimentaria, pérdida de aspectos de comportamiento natural, alteración de los procesos metabólicos. ▪ Promover un calendario mensual en donde se expongan las fechas de celebraciones ambientales en Costa Rica, por ejemplo: 2 de febrero "Día Mundial de los Humedales", 14 de Marzo "Día Internacional de Acción contra las Represas y por los Ríos, el Agua y la Vida", 22 de abril "Día Mundial de la Tierra", 22 de Mayo "Día Internacional de la Biodiversidad", 5 de Junio "Día Mundial del Medio Ambiente", último Lunes de Julio "Día Nacional de la Vida Silvestre", entre otros. | | | | | | | | 6.
Protección del Patrimonio Arqueológico, Arquitectónico, Histórico y Cultural Ponderación | | | | | | 6.1 | La empresa colabora con grupos organizados en actividades como: de fomento, de protección o de valoración del patrimonio arqueológico, arquitectónico, histórico o cultural. | 3 | | | | | 6.2 | La empresa tiene como política capacitar a su personal de contacto y transmitir a sus clientes recomendaciones para disminuir los impactos negativos sobre las culturas vivas y tradicionales existentes en las comunidades que visita. | 3 | | | | | 6.3 | La empresa demuestra su resolución y tiene procedimientos adecuados para evitar y denunciar toda comercialización de piezas de patrimonio nacional. | 1 | | | | | ¿Por qué? ▪ El Patrimonio es el conjunto de las creaciones realizadas por un pueblo a lo largo de su historia. Esas creaciones lo distinguen de los demás pueblos y le dan su sentido de identidad. ▪ La primera distinción que se hace es entre el patrimonio natural y el cultural: el patrimonio natural está constituido por la variedad de paisajes que conforman la flora y fauna de un territorio.
El patrimonio natural lo constituyen las reservas de la biosfera, los monumentos naturales, las reservas y parques nacionales, y los santuarios de la naturaleza. ▪ El patrimonio cultural está formado por los bienes culturales que la historia le ha heredado a una nación y por aquellos que en el presente se crean y a los que la sociedad les otorga una especial importancia histórica, científica, simbólica o estética, este se divide en dos tipos: tangible e intangible ▪ El patrimonio tangible es la expresión de las culturas a través de grandes realizaciones materiales. A su vez, el patrimonio tangible se puede clasificar en tangible mueble, que comprende los objetos arqueológicos, históricos, artísticos, etnográficos, tecnológicos, religiosos y aquellos de origen artesanal o folclórico que constituyen colecciones importantes para las ciencias, la historia del arte y la conservación de la diversidad cultural del país, ejemplo: obras de arte, libros, manuscritos, documentos, fotografías, documentos audiovisuales, artesanías; tangible Inmueble, está constituido por los lugares, sitios, edificaciones, obras de ingeniería, centros industriales, conjuntos arquitectónicos, zonas típicas y monumentos de interés o valor relevante desde el punto de vista arquitectónico, arqueológico, histórico, artístico o científico, reconocidos y registrados como tales.
Estos bienes culturales inmuebles son obras o producciones humanas que no pueden ser trasladadas de un lugar a otro. ▪ El patrimonio intangible está constituido por aquella parte invisible que reside en espíritu mismo de las culturas, es el conjunto de rasgos distintivos, espirituales y materiales, intelectuales y afectivos que caracterizan una sociedad o un grupo social y que más allá de las artes y de las letras, engloba los modos de vida, los derechos fundamentales del ser humano, los sistemas de valores, las tradiciones y las creencias. Algunos elementos que lo constituyen están: lenguaje, costumbres, religiones, leyendas, mitos, música, entre otros. ¿Qué se espera? Que la Empresa: ▪ Conozca que el patrimonio natural y cultural, su protección es en su conjunto un atractivo de alta jerarquía. Su degradación significaría un perjuicio económico directo sobre la actividad turística, las manifestaciones y valores patrimoniales de nuestro país. ▪ El conocimiento, la aceptación y la protección de los valores, creencias y tradiciones de cada localidad son un imperativo humano para mantener la cohesión de la sociedad y una condición imprescindible para el logro del desarrollo sostenible. ▪ Se convierta en vigilante y garante de la protección del patrimonio nacional y debe invitar a sus colaboradores y clientes a cumplir con las políticas y acciones propuestas en esta materia.
Prácticas recomendadas ▪ La empresa debe respetar el patrimonio natural y cultural que se encuentra en los alrededores a la hora de adquirir el terreno, diseñar y construir el edificio e infraestructura. ▪ Debe ayudar a proteger las propiedades y sitios locales que son históricamente, arqueológicamente, culturalmente o espiritualmente importantes, y no se impide el acceso de los pobladores locales a ellos. ▪ A los colaboradores y clientes se les brinda información e interpretación sobre los alrededores naturales, la cultura local, el patrimonio cultural y natural, asimismo se les da a conocer cuál debe ser el comportamiento adecuado mientras visitan áreas naturales, culturas vivas y sitios de patrimonio cultural y natural. ▪ Mantener un registro de grupos organizados que llevan a cabo actividades de protección del patrimonio natural y cultural en las zonas donde opera la empresa. ▪ Dar cumplimiento a la legislación vigente relacionada con este tema, por ejemplo: Ley No 6703 del 12 de enero 1982, Defensa y Conservación del Patrimonio Nacional Arqueológico, Ley No. 4711 del 13 de enero 1971, "Recomendaciones sobre la conservación de los bienes culturales que la ejecución de obras públicas o privadas pueda poner en peligro." Ley No. 7526 del 5 de julio 1995, "Convención sobre las medidas que deben adoptarse para prohibir e impedir la exportación e importación de propiedad ilícita de bienes culturales", Ley No. 5980 del 24 de diciembre 1976, "Convención sobre la protección del Patrimonio Mundial, Cultural y Natural"; entre otras.
Celebración del Día Internacional de Museos, 18 de mayo. | | | | | | | | 7. Cambio Climático | | | | | | 7.1 | La empresa realiza mediciones que le permiten cuantificar las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI por sus siglas) de su operación o en su defecto de su huella ecológica. | 2 | | | | | 7.2 | La empresa utiliza su cuantificación de emisiones GEI o huella ecológica para trazar sus objetivos generales y específicos, logrando tener una estrategia ante el cambio climático en el desarrollo sostenible de su gestión administrativa y operativa. | 3 | | | | | 7.3 | La empresa realiza proyectos o acciones y/o participa en algún programa comprometido con el cambio climático que se desarrollen en áreas vulnerables del país. | 2 | | | | | 7.4 | La empresa utiliza proveedores de servicios de transporte que compensan, mitigan o reducen sus emisiones de GEI o su huella ecológica. | 3 | | | | | 7.5 | La empresa sensibiliza, informa o educa sobre los efectos del Cambio Climático a sus diferentes públicos de interés. | 1 | | | | | 7.6 | La empresa compensa el daño ambiental producido por la emisión de GEI o de su huella ecológica propios de su operación y da monitoreo al destino de su compensación para garantizarse el adecuado uso. | 3 | | | | | 7.7 | La empresa invita o comunica al visitante a ser parte de programas de compensación del daño ambiental producido por las emisiones de GEI o de su huella ecológica. | 1 | | | | | 7.8 | La empresa involucra al visitante de manera directa en los programas de compensación del daño ambiental producido por las emisiones de GEI o de su huella ecológica. | 1 | | | | | ¿Por qué? ▪ Para poder alcanzar el objetivo de la neutralidad climática, Costa Rica está implementando una estrategia nacional de cambio climático integral y coherente con sus responsabilidades locales y globales.
"Menos emisiones y más sumideros (todo proceso, actividad o mecanismo que elimine de la atmósfera un gas de efecto invernadero, un aerosol o un precursor de un GEI)" es una estrategia de mitigación apropiada, la cual se complementa con medidas de adaptación derivadas de los estudios de vulnerabilidad y riesgo. El cambio climático es una cruda realidad actual y desafortunadamente se seguirá deteriorando hasta que un acuerdo global estabilice los gases de efecto invernadero en la atmósfera, las medidas de adaptación para reducir la vulnerabilidad de los diferentes sectores, regiones, comunidades y ecosistemas también deben ser de la más alta prioridad. ▪ Y como parte de los objetivos de cumplir con lo propuesto en la ENCC, el Sector Turismo tiene a su cargo desarrollar e implementar el Plan Estratégico de Cambio Climático, en donde el objetivo general de este Plan será lograr al 2021, que el 100% de las empresas agremiadas de este sector estén implementando prácticas medibles para la mitigación de Gases Efecto Invernadero GEI, y compensando todas las emisiones de GEI que genere su operación. ▪ Ahora bien, ¿Que es el efecto invernadero?
El sol emite radiación hacia la tierra, parte de esa energía es devuelta al espacio nuevamente, algunos gases que están en la atmósfera atrapan una fracción de esa energía devuelta, la energía atrapada permite mantener una temperatura adecuada para desarrollar la vida en la tierra. ▪ Entonces el problema se da cuando aumenta la cantidad de gases que atrapan la energía en la atmósfera y la tierra se calienta más de lo debido, lo que sucede actualmente. Los gases de efecto invernadero son: el dióxido de carbono, el óxido nitroso, el metano también los gases que destruyen la capa de ozono, los cuales se producen mediante la tala y quema de bosques y residuos de cultivos, el mal manejo de desechos, el uso indebido de fertilizantes, el uso de aerosoles, algunos procesos industriales, entre otros. ¿Qué se espera? Que la Empresa: ▪ Tome conciencia de la importancia de coadyuvar en el logro de los objetivos planteados en la Estrategia Nacional y el Plan Nacional del Sector Turismo para el Cambio Climático. ▪ Desarrolle una oportunidad de crecimiento, al desarrollar una estrategia corporativa en cambio climático, enfocada en reducir su consumo energético e incluir nuevos energéticos y materiales bajos en carbono dentro de su cadena de valor para reducir sus emisiones de gases efecto invernadero GEI y su huella de carbono.
Dicha estrategia les permitirá entrar a nuevos mercados y poder comunicarlo con sus grupos de interés, lo cual es base fundamental para fortalecer su competitividad. Prácticas recomendadas ▪ Hacer esfuerzos específicos por reducir o eliminar los gases emitidos en la atmósfera, tales como CO2, generados por su actividad. ▪ Debe calcular la huella de carbono para realizar el aporte particular, la cual se refiere a la medida del impacto que provocan las actividades del hombre sobre el ambiente, determinada según la cantidad de gases de efecto invernadero producida GEI, la cual se mide en unidades de dióxido de carbono. En algunos casos se pueden incluir además emisiones vinculadas a la comercialización, transporte y procesamiento de productos o servicios. El calculador de huella de carbono es una herramienta cuyo objetivo consiste en estimar las emisiones de CO2 y en algunos casos de otros gases, producidas por el uso de energía, el transporte y otras actividades humanas. ▪ Algunos elementos que pueden contemplar en el Plan de Mitigación de la empresa, entre otros, están: demanda energética (gas, electricidad y combustibles fósiles), por la búsqueda del uso de energías alternativas, tecnologías eficientes, planes de reducción en el consumo energético, entre otros; consumo recurso hídrico, optar por la implementación de mecanismos para la reducción en el consumo de agua, uso de tecnología eficiente, reutilización de agua, implementación programas de ahorro; aguas residuales, implementar sistemas de tratamiento de aguas residuales adecuados por ej.: planta de tratamiento, biodigestor, entre otros; generación de desechos sólidos y líquidos, monitoreo de cantidad de desechos, reducción, programas de reciclaje; consumo de combustible fósil en el transporte, implementar un plan de compensación de los GEI producidos por el transporte terrestre, aéreo, marítimo, utilizado en su operación, evitar el uso de transporte de combustión interna. ▪ Existen entidades públicas y privadas que tienen iniciativas por ejemplo: Cámara Nacional de Ecoturismo, CANAECO "Viajeros con Conciencia Climática", que es un programa de compensación de emisiones provocadas por los vuelos internacionales hacia Costa Rica; Fondo Nacional de Financiamiento Forestal, FONAFIFO, que ofrece" CSA-Viaje Limpio" que va orientado a compensar las emisiones de GEI generadas por usar combustibles fósiles del transporte aéreo en su visita a Costa Rica, Programa Bandera Azul Ecológica, entre otros. ▪ Invitar a los colaboradores y al turista a ser partícipe de los programas desarrollados por parte de la empresa sobre este trascendental tema. | | | | | | | | 8.
Consumo de Agua | | | | | | 8.1 | El consumo de agua es monitoreado continuamente por medio de medidores o sistemas alternativos y en función de las fuentes de origen y gracias a ello se tienen datos en forma gráfica (últimos seis meses), del consumo de agua promedio mensual por huésped y del total del establecimiento. | 2 | | | | | 8.2 | La empresa cuenta en forma escrita, con metas en términos cuantitativos y porcentuales para el ahorro del agua. | 1 | | | | | 8.3 | La empresa realiza revisiones periódicas de tuberías con el fin de ubicar fugas de agua y lleva un registro por escrito. | 1 | | | | | 8.4 | La empresa utiliza dispositivos para el ahorro de agua en grifos, duchas y en loza sanitaria. | 2 | | | | | 8.5 | Se ha nombrado en la empresa a un responsable de llevar el monitoreo del consumo de agua y de garantizar, la ejecución de los actividades para el ahorro de la misma. | 1 | | | | | 8.6 | La empresa cuenta con análisis periódicos para asegurarse la calidad de agua y del hielo para consumo humano extendido por un ente autorizado (al menos uno por semestre). | 3 | | | | | 8.7 | La empresa cuenta con un análisis semestral para asegurar la calidad del agua de la piscina (al menos uno por semestre). | 3 | | | X | | 8.8 | La empresa cuenta con un procedimiento y un sistema bien administrado y controlado para suministrar cloro a la piscina cuando se requiera, según los estándares del Ministerio de Salud o en su defecto algún otro sistema alterno que evite totalmente el uso de cloro. | 2 | | | X | | ¿Por qué? ▪ Aunque con frecuencia se piensa que el agua es un recurso natural abundante e infinito, esto no es así, de todo el agua existente en el planeta sólo una fracción mínima es agua directamente utilizable y ésta se encuentra distribuida de manera poco uniforme.
El 97% del agua de nuestro planeta es salada y se encuentra en mares u océanos y el 3% restante es agua dulce. De esta cantidad, el 77.6% está concentrada en los casquetes polares y los glaciares, es agua profunda inaccesible o se halla en la atmósfera, por lo que sólo está disponible para el consumo humano el 0.6% del total. ▪ En los últimos 30 años, la actividad humana ha tenido efectos negativos sobre el ciclo del agua, debido principalmente a tres causas: la modificación de la superficie terrestre, la contaminación y la sobreexplotación del recurso ¿Qué se espera? Que la Empresa: ▪ Conozca la cantidad de agua que la empresa consume en su operación y genere acciones para lograr disminuir el nivel de consumo. ▪ Utilice medidor o medidores para monitorear el consumo de agua y tenga la ubicación de los mismos. ▪ Evidencie un registro de datos de consumo de agua mensual al menos de los últimos seis meses, indicando año, mes y unidad de medida. ▪ Compruebe que ha establecido metas en términos cuantitativos y porcentuales para un período determinado, tomando en cuenta la información generada en el registro de datos de consumo de agua. ▪ Realice revisiones periódicas para ubicar posibles fugas y proceda a su reparación, llevando un control por escrito de las mismas que permita dar seguimiento. ▪ Utilice dispositivos para el ahorro de agua en equipo convencional (grifos, duchas e inodoros) o instale equipo eficiente. ▪ Realice el monitoreo de la calidad del agua y el hielo para consumo humano, al menos un análisis semestral. ▪ Realice el monitoreo de la calidad del agua de la piscina, al menos un análisis semestral. ▪ Utilice concentraciones mínimas de cloro para tratamiento de piscina/s, minimizando el posible impacto negativo a los usuarios y al medio ambiente, en el caso en que se utilice el tratamiento tradicional para tratamiento del agua de la/s piscinas. ▪ Lleve un control en la cloración de la piscina de forma regulada y por escrito.
Prácticas recomendadas ▪ Monitoree el consumo de agua: ▪ El monitoreo es una función continua cuyo principal objetivo es proporcionar a los interesados, indicaciones tempranas de progreso, o de la falta de progreso, en el logro de metas planteadas. ▪ La evaluación del consumo de agua independientemente de la fuente de abastecimiento de agua que utilice (pozo o naciente propia, acueducto rural, acueducto municipal o de Acueductos y Alcantarillados) debe ser un ejercicio que evalúe de manera constante y objetiva los progresos hacia un resultado. La evaluación no es un acontecimiento aislado, implica análisis de alcance y profundidad diferentes, que se lleva a cabo en distintos momentos como respuesta a las necesidades cambiantes de conocimiento y aprendizaje durante el proceso de conseguir un determinado resultado. ▪ Es importante mantener el registro de consumos para el o los medidores que tenga la empresa y graficar los datos con el fin de poder valorar los mismos y tomar decisiones y acciones a seguir o modificar las existentes. ▪ Establezca metas en términos cuantitativos y porcentuales: establezca metas alcanzables tomando en consideración las variables resultado del análisis de los datos recopilados de consumo y las acciones y campañas de ahorro ejecutadas. ▪ Utilice dispositivos para el ahorro de agua: los dispositivos economizadores de agua, utilizados para modificar los consumos de grifos y equipos en los que se aplican, evitan sustituir los equipos existentes y optimizan el consumo.
Los dispositivos de bajo consumo de agua son muy diversos. ▪ Los reductores de caudal se pueden incorporar en las tuberías de los lavabos o duchas para impedir que el consumo de agua exceda un consumo fijado ▪ Los aireadores se pueden enroscar en los caños de los grifos, para incorporar aire al chorro de agua y así reducir el consumo sin ningún perjuicio para el usuario ▪ La colocación de ladrillos o de botellas plásticas rellenas de arena dentro de los tanques, no es salida apropiada, sin embargo, si se tienen instalados inodoros tradicionales con volúmenes de descarga de entre 15 y 22 litros cada vez, se podrían utilizar dispositivos ahorradores caseros para disminuir el consumo de agua, tales como botellas en el interior de los tanques de inodoros, las cuales deben estar llenas con agua y/o arena y cerradas con su tapa hermética. Deben colocarlas de pie en ambos lados del tanque del inodoro teniendo cuidado que no interrumpan el libre funcionamiento de los accesorios internos.
Comprobar que al bajar la palanca se produzca un arrastre de sólidos en forma adecuada. La cantidad de botellas a introducirse, varía de acuerdo al tamaño del tanque. ▪ Actualmente hay cierto tipo de grifos o llaves que cuentan con dispositivos de ahorro, cierre automático del flujo de agua (muy utilizado en lavamanos, orinales e inodoros; otros cuentan con un sistema combinado de aireación, el cual produce un caudal menor al normal y en el caso de los inodoros hay en el mercado inodoros que descargan menos agua, entre las opciones de tanque de descarga hoy existen modelos que gastan menos de 6 litros, otros modelos permiten descargar por partes, dependiendo del uso, si es solo líquido o si lleva sólidos. ▪ Realice análisis de la calidad de agua, hielo y piscina: independientemente de la fuente de abastecimiento de agua que utilice (pozo o naciente propia, acueducto rural, acueducto municipal o de Acueductos y Alcantarillados), realice al menos una vez cada seis meses, análisis bacteriológico de laboratorio en el agua y hielo de consumo interno para garantizarle a los usuarios la potabilidad del líquido. ▪ En los casos que la empresa se abastezca de agua proveniente de pozos privados (que pueden estar con un estándar menor de calidad), es importante informar a los usuarios que no pueden tomarla directamente de los grifos, y que deben hacerlo en los lugares y fuentes que indique la Administración ▪ Al igual que al agua de consumo, realice al menos una vez cada seis meses, análisis bacteriológico de laboratorio en el agua de piscina/s, para garantizar un servicio de calidad. ▪ Revisar la normativa relacionada: Decreto Ejecutivo No. 35309-S "Reglamento sobre Manejo de Piscinas" del 30 de marzo 2009, publicado en La Gaceta No. 127 del 2 de julio 2009, Ley de Aguas No. 276 del 26 de agosto 1949; Decreto Ejecutivo No. 25991-S "Reglamento Calidad del Agua Potable" del 14 de abril 1997, Ley No. 7554 del 4 de octubre 1994 "Ley Orgánica del Ambiente", Ley 5516 del 28 de mayo 1974; entre otras. | | | | | | | | 9.
Consumo de Energía | | | | | | 9.1 | El consumo de energía es monitoreado continuamente por medio de medidores y en función de la fuente de origen, de forma tal que permita llevar un registro mensual de datos en forma gráfica (últimos seis meses), del consumo de energía, por promedio mensual por huésped y general. | 2 | | | X | | 9.2 | La empresa cuenta en forma escrita, con metas en términos cuantitativos y porcentuales para el ahorro de la energía. | 1 | | | X | | 9.3 | Se ha nombrado en la empresa a un responsable de llevar el monitoreo del consumo de energía y de garantizar, la ejecución de los actividades para el ahorro de la misma. | 1 | | | X | | 9.4 | La empresa está utilizando en la mayoría de sus áreas, la iluminación natural para disminuir el gasto energético. | 1 | | | | | 9.5 | Existe un programa formal de ahorro de energía que incluyan acciones permanentes como campaña informativa, inclusiva y participativa dirigida a colaboradores, huéspedes y otros públicos de interés. | 3 | | | X | | 9.6 | La empresa está utilizando fuentes de energía alternativa para iluminación, calentamiento o precalentamiento de agua, como el bombeo u otras, tales como (celdas fotovoltaicas, energía eólica, hidráulica, biodigestores u otros sistemas alternativos) | 3 | | | X | | 9.7 | El establecimiento cuenta con un inventario escrito de luminarias en donde al menos el 80% son de bajo consumo. | 1 | | | X | | 9.8 | Se utiliza alguno de los siguientes tipos de dispositivos: apagado automático, interruptores de presencia, desactivado de circuitos, sensores, foto celdas, u otros. | 2 | | | X | | 9.9 | La empresa utiliza nuevas tecnologías para el ahorro de energía en refrigeración, y equipo de lavandería. | 1 | | | X | | 9.10 | Los tanques de agua caliente y sus tuberías expuestas están recubiertos con material aislante para evitar pérdidas de calor. | 1 | | | X | | 9.11 | Se está haciendo uso de sistemas adecuados y nuevas tecnologías para aumentar la eficiencia en el sistema de aire acondicionado. | 2 | | | X | | 9.12 | Existe un estricto programa de control de fugas de aire y de gas en los sistemas de refrigeración y aire acondicionado. | 1 | | | X | | 9.13 | En la lavandería, se aprovecha el calor solar para el secado de la ropa, en áreas debidamente acondicionadas para este propósito. | 2 | | | X | | Nota aclaratoria: Los No Aplica (NA) incluidos en esta pregunta son exclusivos para empresas cuyo consumo de energía sea nulo.
Si la empresa consume energía al menos una hora al día, las preguntas le aplicarían según cada caso. ¿Por qué? En la actualidad el uso de la energía es vital para el funcionamiento de la actividad humana, pero debe tenerse la responsabilidad de utilizarla racionalmente, pues la producción de parte de esa energía tiene un costo muy alto, sobre todo si se emplean de manera complementaria derivados de combustibles fósiles como petróleo, gas y carbón, que son recursos no renovables. ¿Qué se espera? Que la Empresa: ▪ Monitoree la cantidad de energía que la empresa consume en su operación y genere acciones para lograr disminuir el nivel de consumo. ▪ Demuestre el uso de medidor o medidores para monitorear el consumo de energía y la ubicación de los mismos. ▪ Presente un registro de datos de consumo de energía mensual al menos de los últimos seis meses, indicando año, mes y unidad de medida. ▪ Demuestre que se ha establecido metas en términos cuantitativos y porcentuales para un período determinado, tomando en cuenta la información que generada en el registro de datos de consumo de energía. ▪ Tenga una persona encargada del monitoreo de consumo de energía y una serie de medidas tendientes a disminuir el consumo. ▪ Muestre que la empresa posee edificaciones que permitan el ingreso de luz y ventilación natural. ▪ Presente un Programa de Mantenimiento Preventivo que permite detectar fallos repetitivos, disminuir los puntos muertos por paradas, aumentar la vida útil de equipos, disminuir costos de reparaciones, además de detectar puntos débiles en la instalación. ▪ El mantenimiento preventivo en general se ocupa en la determinación de condiciones operativas, de durabilidad y de confiabilidad de un equipo, este tipo de mantenimiento ayuda a reducir los tiempos que pueden generarse por mantenimiento correctivo. ▪ La finalidad del mantenimiento preventivo es: encontrar y corregir los problemas menores antes de que estos provoquen fallas.
El mantenimiento preventivo puede ser definido como una lista completa de actividades, todas realizadas por; usuarios, operadores, y mantenimiento, para asegurar el correcto funcionamiento de la planta, edificios, máquinas, equipos, tuberías, entre otros. ▪ Demuestre la existencia de acciones dirigidas a invitar a los huéspedes y colaboradores a participar en las medidas e iniciativas tendientes a disminuir el uso de energía. ▪ Evidencie el uso de sistemas alternativos para el calentamiento de agua, por ejemplo: energía eólica (producida por el movimiento del viento), energía solar (utiliza la radiación solar), biomasa (utiliza la descomposición de residuos orgánicos). ▪ Evidencie el uso de sistemas alternativos para iluminación, por ejemplo: energía eólica (producida por el movimiento del viento), energía solar (utiliza la radiación solar), biomasa (utiliza la descomposición de residuos orgánicos). ▪ Demuestre por medio del levantamiento de un inventario, el uso de luminarias de bajo consumo al menos en 80% de las necesidades de la empresa. ▪ Utilice dispositivos que permiten el apagado de luminarias y equipos eléctricos cuando su uso no es necesario. ▪ Utilice en tuberías y tanques de agua caliente materiales que contribuyan al aislamiento térmico que contribuyan a disminuir el consumo de energía. ▪ Escoja el tipo de aire acondicionado más adecuado para las edificaciones existentes. ▪ Aproveche el calor solar y el viento para el secado, evitando en la medida de lo posible el uso de secadoras eléctricas o accionadas por gas.
Prácticas recomendadas ▪ Monitoree el consumo de energía: ▪ El monitoreo es una función continua cuyo principal objetivo es proporcionar a los interesados, indicaciones tempranas de progreso, o de la falta de progreso, en el logro de metas planteadas. ▪ La evaluación del consumo de energía debe ser un ejercicio que evalúe de manera constante y objetiva los progresos hacia un resultado. La evaluación no es un acontecimiento aislado, implica análisis de alcance y profundidad diferentes, que se lleva a cabo en distintos momentos como respuesta a las necesidades cambiantes de conocimiento y aprendizaje durante el proceso de conseguir un determinado resultado. ▪ Es importante mantener el registro de consumos para el o los medidores que tenga la empresa y graficar los datos con el fin de poder valorar los mismos y tomar decisiones y acciones a seguir o modificar las existentes. ▪ Establezca metas en términos cuantitativos y porcentuales: establezca metas alcanzables tomando en consideración las variables resultado del análisis de los datos recopilados de consumo y las acciones y campañas de ahorro ejecutadas. ▪ Designe un responsable: para que un programa de ahorro se desarrolle de forma adecuada, es necesario que haya una persona encargada y responsable del mismo (a pesar de ser todos responsables del buen uso que se le de a la energía) y que el mismo le de seguimiento. ▪ Utilice al máximo la luz y ventilación natural: los insumos que provee la naturaleza son más baratos y menos contaminantes.
La luz y ventilación natural son recursos que se deben utilizar al máximo para iluminar y crear ambientes agradables en las edificaciones de los establecimientos de hospedaje. ▪ Desarrolle un Programa de Mantenimiento: el Mantenimiento Preventivo asegura un funcionamiento eficiente del equipo eléctrico permitiendo el uso adecuado de la energía y el ahorro de la misma. ▪ Diseñe una campaña de ahorro en el consumo de energía: promueva el apagado de luces cuando su uso no es estrictamente necesario. Se pretende que se brinde información al colaborador y se invite a los huéspedes para que colaboren en el ahorro de energía. ▪ Utilice sistemas alternativos para el calentamiento o precalentamiento de agua: el consumo de energía para calentar el agua en una empresa de hospedaje representa un porcentaje bastante alto, es por esto que es recomendable la utilización de energías alternativas. ▪ Utilice sistemas alternativos para iluminación: el consumo de energía para iluminación en una empresa de hospedaje representa un porcentaje bastante alto, es por esto que es recomendable la utilización de energías alternativas. ▪ Dependiendo de las condiciones topográficas y climatológicas y según las posibilidades de cada empresa es viable el uso de: ▪ Energía hidroeléctrica propia (si la propiedad tiene ríos con cierto caudal que permitan instalar plantas que puedan dar abasto a la demanda de las instalaciones). ▪ Energía solar (por paneles para generación fotovoltaica o para calentadores de agua), en cualquier parte del país, pero convenientemente en regiones con mayor porcentaje de horas de sol. ▪ Energía eólica (por molinos de viento) para alimentar turbinas que provean de luz las instalaciones. ▪ Energía por biogás, ya sea por un biodigestor utilizando desechos orgánicos o por materia fecal, lo que puede instalarse en propiedades rurales, preferiblemente en aquellas donde existen actividades agropecuarios. ▪ Utilice sistemas de iluminación eficientes: la utilización de bombillos del tipo eficiente es una forma de ahorrar tanto para la administración de la empresa como para la sociedad. ▪ Utilice dispositivos con nuevas tecnología: el uso de tecnología que permita el apagado automático de equipo eléctrico debe verse como una inversión a mediano y largo plazo y como parte fundamental de la Sostenibilidad. ▪ Utilice materiales aislantes de calor en tanque y tuberías: la utilización de materiales que permitan aislar el calor en las tuberías y tanques de almacenamiento para el agua caliente, es esencial para el ahorro de energía. ▪ Utilice nuevas tecnologías en aire acondicionado y equipo de refrigeración: en un establecimiento de hospedaje, el gasto de energía por aire acondicionado y refrigeración representa un alto porcentaje.
La eficiencia en los sistemas de enfriamiento no se enfoca solamente a la tecnología utilizada, es además importante el diseño y ubicación de los mismos ya que aires acondicionados ubicados a nivel del piso producen un descontrol térmico por la mayor densidad del aire frío, disminuyendo la eficiencia de estos sistemas y aumentando el consumo de energía. ▪ Utilice el sol y el aire: disminuir el consumo de energía por el uso de secadoras en lavandería, se logra utilizando espacios destinados para secar al calor del sol y el viento, ropa y otro tipo de prendas utilizados en la operación que necesitan de lavado. ▪ Conocer acerca del Programa de Eficiencia Energética del Área de Conservación de Energía de la Unidad Estratégica de Negocios de Servicio al Cliente, del Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad y el otro Programa del Depto. de Eficiencia Energética de la Dirección de Conservación de Energía de la Compañía Nacional de Fuerza y Luz. ▪ Revisar la normativa relacionada: ley No. 7447 "Regulación y Uso Racional de la Energía", del 3 de noviembre 1994; Ley No. 44 9 "Orgánica del Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad", Ley No. 7200 "Generación Eléctrica Autónoma o Paralela"; Ley No. 7788 "Biodiversidad"; Ley No. 7414 "Convención Marco de la ONU sobre Cambio Climático", entre otras. | | | | | | | | 10.
Manejo de Residuos y Desechos, Orgánicos e Inorgánicos | | | | | | 10.1 | La producción de desechos (orgánicos, inorgánicos, reciclables y no reciclables) en cuanto a cantidad y composición es monitoreada continuamente, en forma de registro, cuadro o bitácora. | 1 | | | | | 10.2 | Existe un programa formal de manejo de residuos sólidos y líquidos que incluyan acciones permanentes. | 2 | | | | | 10.3 | Existe una campaña informativa, inclusiva y participativa dirigida a colaboradores, huéspedes y otros públicos de interés. | 3 | | | | | 10.4 | Existe un plan (en términos cuantitativos) en el cual se estipulan las metas de reducción en la cantidad de desechos producidos (orgánicos, inorgánicos, reciclables y no reciclables) que el establecimiento se ha planteado. | 2 | | | | | 10.5 | Existe en la empresa un responsable y un cronograma de ejecución de actividades para la reducción de desechos producidos (orgánicos, inorgánicos, reciclables y no reciclables) que es conocido por todos los colaboradores, clientes y otros públicos de interés. | 1 | | | | | 10.6 | Existe un sitio acondicionado (con normas de higiene y seguridad) en el cual se realiza la separación y almacenamiento final de los desechos producidos (orgánicos, inorgánicos, reciclables y no reciclables). | 2 | | | | | 10.7 | La empresa participa en un programa de reciclaje, con residuos debidamente clasificados. | 3 | | | | | 10.8 | La empresa verifica y garantiza que la recolección y disposición final de los desechos y residuos reciclables y no reciclables se hace en forma adecuada. | 2 | | | | | ¿Por qué? ▪ Se llama residuo a cualquier tipo de material que esté generado por la actividad humana y que está destinado a ser desechado.
Diariamente se tiran a la basura gran cantidad de cosas que podrían ser reutilizadas o seguir siendo bienes valiosos; muchos residuos se pueden reciclar si se dispone de las tecnologías adecuadas y el proceso es económicamente rentable. ▪ Una buena gestión de los residuos persigue no perder el valor económico y la utilidad que pueden tener muchos de ellos y usarlos como materiales útiles en vez de tirarlos. ▪ El continuo aumento de la cantidad de residuos que se generan está provocando importantes problemas. Entre los bienes que se utilizan cada vez hay más objetos que están fabricados para durar unos pocos años y después ser sustituidos por otros y que no compensa arreglar porque resulta más caro que comprar uno nuevo. ▪ Muchos productos, desde los pañuelos o servilletas de papel, hasta las maquinillas de afeitar, los pañales, o las latas de bebidas, están diseñados para ser usados una vez y luego desechados.
Se usan las cosas y se desechan en grandes cantidades, sin que haya conciencia clara, en muchos casos, de que luego algo hay que hacer con todos estos residuos. ▪ El problema se agrava porque la creciente actividad genera muchos productos que son tóxicos o muy difíciles de incorporar a los ciclos de los elementos naturales. En varias ocasiones los productos químicos acumulados en vertederos que después han sido recubiertos de tierra y utilizados para construir viviendas sobre ellos han causado serios problemas, incluso dañando la salud de las personas. ▪ No hay solución única y clara a este problema. El reciclaje es la opción mejor desde el punto de vista ambiental pero tiene sus límites. En el momento actual se combina con plantas de tratamiento, vertederos e incineradoras, aunque no se debe olvidar que una actuación imprescindible es la de reducir las cantidades de residuos producidos. ▪ Establecer planes de manejo de los desechos sólidos es una necesidad para evitar que la problemática aumente con el incremento del turismo.
Las empresas turísticas deben contribuir con esta situación, puesto que son algunas de las que mayor cantidad de desechos producen. ¿Qué se espera? Que la Empresa: ▪ Recopile información sobre la cantidad y tipo de desechos que se producen en la empresa. La empresa debe vigilar constantemente cómo se producen los desechos, comenzando con saber cuánto se produce, llevando una estadística de la cantidad y composición de los mismos. ▪ Desarrolle un Plan de Manejo interno para lograr disminuir la cantidad de desechos producidos. ▪ Demuestre la existencia de acciones dirigidas a invitar a los huéspedes y colaboradores a participar en las medidas e iniciativas tendientes a disminuir la producción de desechos tanto en las instalaciones de la empresa como fuera del mismo. ▪ Demuestre que se ha establecido metas en términos cuantitativos y porcentuales para un período determinado, tomando en cuenta la información que generada en el registro de datos de producción de desechos producidos (orgánicos, inorgánicos, reciclables y no reciclables) que el establecimiento se ha planteado. ▪ Tenga una persona encargada del monitoreo de producción de desechos producidos (orgánicos, inorgánicos, reciclables y no reciclables) y una serie de medidas tendientes a disminuir la producción de los mismos. ▪ Posea un sitio dispuesto para realizar la separación de los desechos producidos (orgánicos, inorgánicos, reciclables y no reciclables) en áreas y depósitos alejados de los sitios de circulación de los turistas, evitando que los vientos trasladen olores hasta los demás sitios utilizados por los visitantes.
Es importante que los lugares destinados al almacenamiento antes de su recolección de los desechos estén techados y aislados de animales. ▪ Participe en Programas de Reciclaje que tenga como objeto la recuperación, de forma directa o indirecta, de los componentes que contienen los residuos. Estos Programas deben tender a lograr la conservación de los recursos naturales, disminución del volumen de residuos que hay que el iminar y protección al medio ambiente. ▪ Se cerciore que el destino final de los desechos producidos (orgánicos, inorgánicos, reciclables y no reciclables) no afecte al medio ambiente y a comunidades cercanas del sitio de disposición final, comprobando el tratamiento que se le da a los mismos. Prácticas recomendadas ▪ Monitoree la producción de desechos: el monitoreo es una función continua cuyo principal objetivo es proporcionar a los interesados, indicaciones tempranas de progreso, o de la falta de progreso, en el logro de metas planteadas. ▪ Es importante mantener el registro de desechos producidos (orgánicos, inorgánicos, reciclables y no reciclables) y graficar los datos con el fin de poder valorar los mismos y tomar decisiones y acciones a seguir o modificar las existentes. ▪ El monitoreo se debe ejecutar con la participación del personal de las empresas, así como también con la colaboración de los visitantes, bajo la coordinación de personas responsables. ▪ Los desechos pueden ser medidos en unidades de volumen (bolsas de un mismo tamaño y capacidad) o por peso (en kilogramos), de manera que se pueda ir monitoreando si el objetivo de ir reduciéndolos se va cumpliendo en los plazos previstos en un Plan de Manejo. ▪ Diseñe un Plan de Manejo en el que debe tomar en cuenta aspectos como:
AMBITO: FISICO BIOLOGICO / PREGUNTA 1.1 - 1.2: ejemplo de posibles impactos que la empresa puede detectar y administrar.
| IMPACTO NEGATIVO | EFECTOS A CORTO O LARGO PLAZO | MARQUE SI SE HA IDENTIFICADO EN SU EMPRESA | ACCIONES PARA MITIGAR IMPACTOS NEGATIVOS | DOCUMENTO DE REFERENCIA /PLAN DE EJECUCION | FECHA DE INICIO DE ACCIONES | FECHAS DE EJECUCION DE ACCIONES | RESULTADO OBTENIDO | RESPONSABLE DE ACCIONES | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Alteración del ambiente | La actividad turística requiere de infraestructura que a veces deteriora el medio ambiente natural, no solo trasformando el ambiente físico de las zonas, sino destruyendo ecosistemas, contaminación de los suelos, extinción de especies de fauna y flora, entre otros. | | | | | | | | | Geología | La construcción de infraestructura básica o de apoyo genera alteraciones irreversibles por el movimiento de suelos, la impermeabilidad del mismo, cambios en la circulación del agua y transformaciones de los paisajes. | | | | | | | | | Consumo de agua sin monitorear | El aumento estacional de densidad demográfica, aumentan el consumo del recurso | | | | | | | | | Consumo de energía sin monitorear | El aumento estacional de densidad demográfica, aumentan el consumo del recurso | | | | | | | | | Generación de desechos | La excesiva acumulación de basura, además de ser un impacto visual negativo, y alterar otros elementos de la naturaleza, cambia la condición de los nutrientes, según el tipo de basura, y en ocasiones bloquea el paso del aire y la luz, generando alteraciones en la vegetación. | | | | | | | | | Descargas residuales | El equipamiento hotelero y los servicios de apoyo, son las principales fuentes de descargas residuales en muchos de los desarrollos turísticos.
La producción de aguas residuales puede contaminar las aguas superficiales y subterráneas. | | | | | | | | | Sobrecarga en la infraestructura | Se manifiesta cuando la intensidad de las visitas supera la capacidad de la infraestructura prevista. Esto a su vez trae aparejado contaminación y posibles consecuencias en la salud. | | | | | | | | | Falta de Capacitación | Calidad del servicio | | | | | | | | | Mano de obra no calificada | El empleo de mayor nivel o cualificación (y, por tanto, de mayor retribución) será ocupado, al menos en las etapas iniciales, principalmente por foráneos. Los empleos de menor cualificación y de menor retribución suelen ser ocupados por los residentes locales. | | | | | | | | | Desculturización | La cultura de los visitantes parece más fuerte que la de la población local.El turismo es un proceso necesariamente invasivo, el cual sumerge a las comunidades tradicionales dentro del mundo moderno, poniendo en peligro sus definidos estilos de vida y productos culturales. | | | | | | | | | Segregación de residentes locales | La separación espacial de las áreas turísticas del resto del centro turístico o en los alrededores del campo conlleva, en ocasiones, una segregación social. | | | | | | | | | Trabajos temporales | Cuando el turismo es la industria principal en una región, los períodos fuera de temporada dan lugar a problemas de desempleo, dejando graves efectos económicos y sociales en la región. | | | | | | | |
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