36093-S, Regulation on the Management of Ordinary Solid Waste, of July 15, 2010, called Collection and Treatment of Organic Waste, which shall read as follows:
COLLECTION AND TREATMENT OF ORGANIC WASTE A. Goals for Selective Collection and Valorization of Organic Waste. According to data obtained for the year 2023, Costa Rica has a 21% recovery rate of household organic waste. In order to increase the valorization of this waste, municipalities may implement selective collection and adequate treatment of organic waste, complying with the following minimum collection and valorization goals, on a cumulative basis, starting from the entry into force of this regulation:
. 30% for the first year, . 40% for the second year, . 55% for the third year, . 75% for the fourth year, and . 100% for the fifth year.
To achieve these objectives, municipalities may develop and implement awareness programs aimed at the adult population, in order to promote reduction, correct separation at source, and valorization of organic waste. These actions must be integrated into the Municipal Plans for Integrated Solid Waste Management (Planes Municipales de Gestión Integral de Residuos Sólidos) established in the General Regulation to the Law for Integrated Waste Management No. 37567-S-MINAET-H.
Compliance with these goals will be monitored through the quarterly solid waste management report, submitted through the Single Investment Window (Ventanilla Única de Inversión, VUI).
Mechanisms, strategies, and technologies adapted to the capacities of each region must also be developed for the treatment and valorization of organic waste, in accordance with subsection C of this Annex. Each region must define the destination or utilization method for the products recovered in the process, for example, organic fertilizer. All these elements must be incorporated into the Municipal Plans for Integrated Waste Management (Planes Municipales de Gestión Integral de Residuos), ensuring harmonization with sustainability and circular economy goals.
B. Conditions for Organic Waste Collection Trucks Trucks used for the collection and transport of organic waste from generation points to transfer stations, treatment, and final disposal facilities must comply with the following technical requirements, aimed at ensuring safety and the protection of public health:
. The bodywork and compartments must be manufactured from corrosion-resistant materials.
. All compartments must have hermetic seals and sealed joints, preventing leakage and spillage of liquids.
. If equipped with compaction systems, they must be capable of reducing the volume of the waste without compromising the integrity of the seals and the structure of the compartment.
. They must have preventive maintenance protocols and periodic inspections to ensure the correct functioning of all mechanical liquid containment systems.
. Trucks must have trays or secondary devices installed at the base of the compartment to capture any leachate generated during transport.
. An internal drainage system shall be established to channel liquids into sealed tanks, preventing their mixture with the solid waste.
. Joints and unions must be impermeable and resistant to biological and chemical agents.
. All personnel involved in the operation of these vehicles must receive ongoing training on the safe handling of organic waste.
. In the case of vehicles performing transfers, they must have mechanisms that minimize nuisances from offensive odors.
C. Infrastructure for the Treatment of Organic Waste Municipalities and authorized waste managers (gestores de residuos) may implement the following technologies or their combinations for the valorization and treatment of organic waste, with the objective of reducing their disposal in sanitary landfills (rellenos sanitarios) and promoting the circular economy (economía circular):
1. Composting Systems:
. The wide variety of composting techniques allows for the generation of disposal solutions at different generation levels; different composting methods can be applied according to volume. Open systems can treat from 1,000 up to 10,000 tons annually, and closed systems less than 1,000 tons annually, such as Takakura, Bokashi, Vermicompost (Lombricompost), and household composters, among others.
2. Anaerobic Biodigesters:
. Systems that convert organic waste into biogas through anaerobic decomposition, generating a byproduct (digestate) that can be used as fertilizer.
3. Drying and Shredding of Organic Waste:
. Drying technology to reduce the moisture content in solid waste and its subsequent shredding, facilitating storage and processing for uses such as fertilization or animal feed.
4. Other Technologies:
. Other valorization technologies may be applied that demonstrate their effectiveness for the management and stabilization of organic waste, that comply with the objective of promoting the circular economy (economía circular), and that have approval from the Ministry of Health.
D. Location of Organic Waste Treatment Facilities Technologies for the treatment of organic waste must be installed in Environmental Parks (Parques Ambientales) or in enabled zones contemplated in the regulatory plans for such purpose that have the adequate conditions to avoid nuisances to the community. These areas must be duly evaluated to prevent the emission of odors, proliferation of vectors, and other negative impacts on nearby residential areas.
E. Procedure for Review of Construction Plans for Organic Waste Treatment.
Composting systems in single-family homes are excluded from this procedure.
For the procedure for review of construction plans for organic waste treatment projects, the provisions of Executive Decree (Decreto Ejecutivo) No. 36550-MP-MIVAH-S-MEIC of April 28, 2011, "Regulation for the Procedure for Review of Construction Plans," must be complied with. The resolution deadlines and the review process by the Ministry of Health are established in the aforementioned regulation.
1. Documentary Requirements:
- a)Cadastral map of the property.
- b)Water availability.
- c)Proposed or previously approved wastewater treatment system for the activity, according to Executive Decree (Decreto Ejecutivo) 39887-S-MINAE, Regulation for the Approval of Wastewater Treatment Systems, issued on April 18, 2016.
- d)Guidelines established in Executive Decree (Decreto Ejecutivo) No. 6306, Construction Regulation of the National Institute of Housing and Urbanism (Instituto Nacional de Vivienda y Urbanismo, INVU), issued on March 15, 2018.
- e)Design manual: All technologies must demonstrate their capacity to handle the projected amount of organic waste and must have the necessary control equipment to ensure the quality of the byproducts (such as biogas or compost). Detailed description of the technology they wish to employ and the processing capacity, indicating:
. Specific name of the technology to be implemented.
. Number the elements that compose it.
. Indicate if the technology is fully automated, semi-automated, or manual.
. Describe real-time monitoring and control systems, if applicable.
. Auxiliary systems: emission control, wastewater treatment, online monitoring.
. Detail how secondary waste generated is managed.
. Processing Capacity:
o Indicate the maximum and minimum amount of organic waste the technology can process in tons per day (t/d) or tons per hour (t/h).
o Types of accepted organic waste.
o Describe if the capacity can be scaled to accommodate future increases in organic waste generation.
o Detail the byproducts generated: Electrical or thermal energy (indicate estimated values in kWh or GJ per ton processed), Compost or biofertilizers, or Recyclable materials, or System Useful Life.
o Mention the expected useful life of the equipment under normal operating conditions.
- f)Operation and Maintenance Manual: A detailed document that includes the description of procedures for daily operation, preventive and corrective maintenance of the equipment, as well as safety protocols for workers.
2. Technical Requirements in Project Construction Sheets:
- a)Location Plan and Structural Designs: The proposed facility plans must be attached, showing the exact location within the Environmental Park (Parque Ambiental) or in the designated area, and a plan duly registered with the CFIA by a responsible professional.
- b)Facilities must have reception, processing, and storage areas, designed to minimize odor emissions and control the proliferation of vectors (flies, rodents).
- c)Floors must be impermeable and have drainage systems that allow for the collection and treatment of leachates.
- d)They must include a gas and particulate emission control system, especially for composting or anaerobic digestion processes, minimizing environmental impact.
- e)A continuous monitoring plan is necessary to verify parameters such as temperature, humidity, and oxygen level in aerobic composting processes, or biogas in anaerobic digesters.
- f)Facilities must include a registration system for the traceability of organic waste from its reception to its final processing.
- g)The design must include storage, conveyance, and treatment areas for the final disposal of leachates, complying with Executive Decree (Decreto Ejecutivo) 39887-S-MINAE, Regulation for the Approval of Wastewater Treatment Systems, preventing these from seeping into the ground.
- h)The project must include weighing systems.
- i)A contingency plan for emergencies must be implemented, with handling protocols for failures in the leachate containment system.
F. Operation Requirements for Organic Waste Treatment.
Composting systems in single-family homes are excluded from this procedure.
1. Authorized Managers (Gestores autorizados).
. Possess the respective sanitary operating permit (permiso sanitario de funcionamiento) granted by the Ministry of Health, as established in Executive Decree (Decreto Ejecutivo) No. 43432-S, General Regulation for sanitary operating permits, habitation permits, and authorization for temporary events of mass gathering of people, granted by the Ministry of Health, published on March 23, 2022. The application must be made through the Single Investment Window (Ventanilla Única de Inversión) at the link: https://vui.cr/.
. Possess the respective Authorized Manager (Gestor autorizado) Registry, as established in Chapter X of Executive Decree (Decreto Ejecutivo) No. 37567-S-MINAET-H, General Regulation to the Law for Integrated Waste Management, published on March 19, 2013. The application must be made through the Single Investment Window (Ventanilla Única de Inversión) at the link: https://vui.cr/. Municipalities that directly provide integrated waste management services are exempt from registering as managers (gestores).
. Submit the Integrated Waste Management Report quarterly to the Ministry of Health on the amount of organic waste treated, technology efficiency, and any incidence related to environmental impact and public health, through the Single Investment Window (Ventanilla Única de Inversión) at the link: https://vui.cr/, in accordance with Executive Decree (Decreto Ejecutivo) No. 37567-S-MINAET-H, General Regulation to the Law for Integrated Waste Management, published on March 19, 2013.
. Facilities must have staff trained in the handling of organic waste and in the maintenance of the implemented technologies.
. Continuous monitoring of operating conditions, including temperature, humidity, and oxygen level (in aerobic composting), as well as biogas levels (in biodigesters).
. Incident response protocols, such as equipment failures, excessive odor emission, or presence of vectors.
. Preventive and corrective maintenance of equipment must be scheduled regularly to ensure continuous and efficient operation.
. Cleaning and disinfection protocols must guarantee the elimination of accumulated organic waste and reduce odor emissions.
. Logs recording the daily quantities received.
2. Generators . The entity generating agro-industrial, livestock, agricultural, commercial, condominium, and other organic waste that processes its waste in situ must submit an annual report before January 31st of each year to the Ministry of Health on the amount of organic waste treated, technology efficiency, and any incidence related to environmental impact and public health. Through the Single Investment Window (Ventanilla Única de Inversión) at the link: https://vui.cr/.
FINAL PROVISIONS