● Storage at source or primary storage (Almacenamiento en la fuente o primaria): Collection of solid waste, immediately upon its generation.
● Intermediate storage (Almacenamiento intermedio): Collection of solid waste after primary storage and prior to its final disposal.
● Solid waste reduction (Disminución de residuos sólidos): Measures aimed at avoiding the generation of solid waste; these can be taken from the design of goods, either by avoiding the incorporation of dispensable parts, using materials and systems that provide longer useful life, or facilitating the reuse and recycling of the product or its parts.
● Collection centers (Centros de acopio): Places for the storage, classification, or packaging of usable waste, under hygienic conditions that do not endanger human health or contaminate the environment.
● Compost: Organic fertilizer made by aerobic biodegradation from biodegradable materials, maintaining temperatures above 57º C for four days in at least three removals of the substrate. The product must contain no less than 1.0% organic nitrogen, 40% organic matter, 0.5% phosphorus and potassium, 0.1% calcium, 0.1% magnesium; the carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio must be less than 15. Iron must be greater than 0.01%, and the amounts of heavy metals must not exceed the following concentrations: copper 100 mg/Kg, zinc 400 mg/Kg, mercury 3 mg/Kg, cadmium 4 mg/Kg, nickel 100 mg/Kg, lead 200 mg/Kg, and total chromium 200 mg/Kg.
● Primary delivery of solid waste (Entrega primaria de residuos sólidos): Action by which the waste generator, after primary separation and storage, places the solid waste properly packaged so that waste collection can be carried out without difficulty.
● Waste delivery (Entrega de residuos): It is the act of delivering waste at the composting plant, the reusable materials transfer center, or the technical deposit.
● Environmental impact assessment (Estudio de impacto ambiental): It is the series of studies and activities that seek the physical, chemical, and biological description of the site of interest in order to determine the conditions of the area to be intervened, seeking the minimization of negative impacts on the environment.
● Fermentation of biodegradable waste (Fermentación de residuos biodegradables): It is the process of biodegradation in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic) with optional capture of biogas and its incineration. The biodegradation products must be harmless to plants and biologically stabilized.
● Solid waste generators (Generadores de residuos sólidos): Any natural or legal person that generates any type of solid waste.
● Solid waste management (Gestión de residuos sólidos): Set of measures at the family, institutional, or industrial level to avoid, store, properly collect, as well as valorize solid waste with the objective of minimizing the negative impact they may cause. Also, to give waste the most appropriate destination from an environmental point of view according to its characteristics: volume, origin, costs, treatment, recovery possibilities, utilization, commercialization, and final disposal.
● Selective waste management (Manejo selectivo de residuos): Set of actions aimed at storing, collecting, and treating solid waste classified according to its physical and chemical nature and according to the conveniences for its commercialization or industrialization.
● Composting plant (Planta de compostaje): Specific place equipped with appropriate installations that allows the conversion of biodegradable waste into compost, also called a composting center.
● Solid waste collection (Recolección de residuos sólidos): Transport service for solid waste between primary or intermediate storage and composting plants or collection centers or utilization industries or the final disposal of non-usable solid waste in technical deposits.
● Waste (Residuo): Usable or non-usable material that the citizen wishes to dispose of.
● Biotechnologically usable waste (Residuos aprovechables biotecnológicamente): These are biodegradable waste that can be used in the production of organic fertilizer or other reusable products that comply with the standards established at the national level and with those of this regulation.
● Cardboard waste (Residuos de cartón): Objects made from cardboard that can be used for the manufacture of paper or cardboard.
● Paper waste (Residuos de papel): Objects made from paper that can be used for the manufacture of paper or cardboard.
● Hazardous waste (Residuos peligrosos): Those that can cause puncture/cut injuries, infections, poisoning, large-scale environmental contamination, food in an advanced state of decomposition, highly flammable material or material impregnated with hydrocarbons, waste from transgenic organisms, and waste that contains organic waste and has been inadequately stored for more than fifteen calendar days. Other types of high-hazard waste are those residues that can transmit infectious-contagious diseases, epidemic diseases, hospital waste contaminated with diseased human tissues, remains of human tissues, decomposed food carrying botulism or similar diseases, grains contaminated with aflatoxins, high-potency poisons or with great environmental persistence, radioactive waste, waste from veterinary clinics that may cause infections in animals or people.
● Solid waste (Residuo sólido): Any object or material in a solid state or of pasty consistency, except for excreta of animals and persons and sludge from sewage treatment plants, biodigesters, septic tanks whose owner does not wish to possess it, regardless of whether it has use value or not.
● Usable solid waste (Residuo sólido aprovechable): Solid waste that can be reincorporated into nature, or be reused by society without harm to human health or the environment, such as: biodegradable waste, paper and cardboard waste, glass waste, metal waste, car batteries, some plastic waste, and others.
● Separated usable solid waste (Residuo sólido aprovechable separado): Usable solid waste that is previously separated into different packaging or containers. This task is performed at the source or at the collection center. It includes various materials that are usable, such as: glass, paper, cardboard, plastics, aluminum cans, biodegradable waste, and others.
● Biodegradable solid waste (Residuos sólidos biodegradables): Solid waste that, subjected to biotechnological processes, can be biodegraded within a period of no less than 6 months.
● Commercial solid waste (Residuo sólido comercial): Solid waste generated in commercial mercantile establishments.
● Regular solid waste (Residuo sólido cotidiano): This is the commercial, household, and industrial waste collected on a regular basis by the collection service; non-regular waste, as defined in this same article, is excluded from this category.
● Household solid waste (Residuo sólido domiciliar): Solid waste generated in dwelling houses as a product of their daily family activities.
● Hospital solid waste (Residuos sólidos hospitalarios): Solid waste generated in hospitals, medical offices, microbiological analysis laboratories, veterinary clinics, and offices.
● Industrial solid waste (Residuo sólido industrial): Solid waste generated as a result of industrial and manufacturing processes.
● Institutional solid waste (Residuo sólido institucional): Solid waste generated in public or private institutions, excluding hospitals and air terminals.
● Non-usable solid waste (Residuo sólido no aprovechable): Solid waste that socially lacks use value, which is sometimes associated with the lack of appropriate technology for its treatment.
● Non-regular solid waste (Residuos sólidos no-cotidianos): Household or commercial solid waste that is not generated with regular frequency, or that due to its size or weight clearly exceeds family solid waste. Non-traditional household waste is included within this category.
● Complete separation of solid waste (Separación completa de residuos sólidos): Action of separating and properly packaging traditional solid waste into its main usable components, namely: paper, glass, plastic, cardboard, aluminum cans, biodegradable waste, non-usable waste or residue, and others that technology makes possible to utilize in the future.
● Complete separation of solid waste at the primary source (Separación completa de residuos sólidos en la fuente primaria): Action of separating traditional solid waste into its main usable components: paper, cardboard and derivatives, glass, plastics, aluminum cans, biodegradable waste, non-usable waste, and others that technology makes possible to utilize in the future. This action is carried out by the primary generator of the waste.
● Primary separation of waste (Separación primaria de residuos): Action of separating and properly packaging waste at the generating source.
General provisions