RTCR 477:2015. METROLOGY. INSTRUMENTS FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF THE SPEED OF MOTOR VEHICLES ON THE ROAD.
DOPPLER AND LASER TYPE CINEMOMETERS l. PURPOSE.
To establish the technical and metrological requirements that cinemometers used for measuring the speed of motor vehicles must comply with. It applies to Doppler and laser type cinemometers, whether of automatic or non-automatic operation, portable or designed to be used from a fixed installation, that measure the speed of motor vehicles, and are marketed in the country.
2. SCOPE OF APPLICATION.
Applies to Doppler and laser type cinemometers, whether of automatic or non-automatic operation, portable or designed to be used from a fixed installation, that measure the speed of motor vehicles, and are marketed in the country.
3. REFERENCES This Technical Regulation is complemented by the following:
3.1. Executive Decree No. 36463-MEIC of November 26, 2010, Technical Regulation RTCR 443:2010 Metrology. International System of Units (SI), published in the Official Gazette La Gaceta No. 56 of March 21, 2011.
3.2. Executive Decree No. 39480-MEIC of November 10, 2015, Regulation for the Recognition, Control and Follow-up of Metrological Verification Units (Unidades de Verificación Metrológica), published in the Official Gazette La Gaceta No. 47 of March 8, 2016.
4. DEFINITIONS For the purposes of the application of this technical regulation, the following definitions shall be used:
4.1. CRC16 algorithm: It is a type of checksum known as a cyclic redundancy check. In this, the entered data blocks contain an attached verification value based on the remainder of a polynomial division.
4.2. MD5 algorithm: Known as a message digest algorithm, it is a 128-bit cryptographic reduction algorithm, used to ensure that the transmitted information has not been altered by allowing comparison of the value obtained through the MD5 sum with that of the checksum.
4.3. SHA algorithm: Known as a secure hash algorithm, it consists of a system of cryptographic hash functions based on the MD5 algorithm, but which contemplate greater security in the encoding of the transmitted information. The SHA-1 algorithm is 160-bit and SHA-2 is a set of cryptographic hash functions of SHA-224, SHA-256, SHA-384, SHA-512, which consists of a set of four hash functions of 224 bits, 256 bits, 384 bits, or 512 bits.
4.4. checksum: Known as a verification sum, it is a function whose main purpose is to detect accidental changes in a data sequence to protect the integrity thereof, verifying that there are no discrepancies between the values.
4.5. cinemometer: Any apparatus, means, or element, intended to measure the speed of an object, with respect to a fixed point in space.
4.6. fixed cinemometer: Speed meter installed in a defined location of a permanent nature.
4.7. portable (static) cinemometer: Speed meter that is easily transportable but performs measurements in a fixed position, not in motion.
4.8. laser cinemometer (Lidar): These cinemometers operate under the "distance-time" principle. The speed is determined by measuring the flight time of a series of short light pulses generated by infrared laser diodes, which upon hitting a target are reflected, filtered, and detected by the diodes. A microprocessor-controlled system measures the time elapsed between the generation and detection of these pulses.
4.9. Doppler effect cinemometer (Radar): These are cinemometers that use a continuous wave transmitter and receiver in the microwave band and operate under the Doppler principle.
4.10. error/ measurement error: Difference between a measured value of a magnitude and a reference value.
4.11. maximum permissible error: Extreme value of the measurement error, with respect to a known reference value, permitted by specifications or regulations, for a given measurement, instrument, or measurement system.
NOTE 1 - In general, the terms "maximum permissible errors" or "error limits" are used when there are two extreme values.
NOTE 2 - It is not advisable to use the term "tolerance" to designate the "maximum permissible error." NOTE 3 - Generally, the term "maximum permissible error" is abbreviated to "MPE".
4.12. labeling: Any written, printed, or graphic material that contains the label, and that accompanies the product.
4.13. complementary label: That which is used to make available to the user the mandatory information when, on the original label, this information is in a language other than Spanish; likewise, to add those mandatory elements not included on the original label that this regulation establishes as a result of the product verification process.
4.14. automatic operation: Instrument of automatic operation, where the intervention of an operator is not necessary to perform a measurement.
4.15. non-automatic operation: Instrument of non-automatic operation, where the intervention of an operator is necessary to perform a measurement.
4.16. authorized repairer: natural or legal person responsible for the repair or modification of a measurement instrument, in accordance with what is described in this Regulation.
4.17. applicant: Natural or legal person, of a public or private nature, who uses one or more instruments for measuring the speed of motor vehicles on the road and who are subject to an initial verification or periodic verification in accordance with this regulation.
4.18. metrological verification unit (UVM): Public or private entity, natural or legal, recognized by LACOMET, for carrying out tests and issuing certificates or conformities of periodic verifications and verifications after repairs relating to the metrological controls of a specific national metrological technical regulation.
4.19. verification of a measurement instrument: Set of administrative, visual, and technical examinations, which are intended to check and confirm that a measurement instrument meets the legal requirements, through conformity assessment processes (other than type evaluation), which includes the examination, marking; as well as the issuance of a verification certificate, which checks and confirms the measurement instrument.
4.20. verification after repair or modification: Verification of a measurement instrument intended to check and confirm that an in-service measurement instrument maintains, after a repair or modification that requires the breaking of seals, the applicable metrological characteristics. In particular, with regard to the maximum permissible errors, as well as that it functions according to its design, and is compliant with its specific metrological technical regulation and, as the case may be, the approved type design when applicable.
4.21. initial verification: Verification of a measurement instrument that has not been previously verified; and which is intended to check and confirm that a measurement instrument maintains the metrological characteristics applicable to it, in particular, with regard to the maximum permissible errors, as well as that it functions according to its design, and is compliant with its specific metrological technical regulation and, as the case may be, the approved design or type.
4.22. periodic verification: Verification of a measurement instrument carried out periodically at specified intervals, in accordance with a procedure established by the regulatory system; and which are intended to check and confirm that an in-service measurement instrument maintains, since its last verification, the metrological characteristics applicable to it, in particular, with regard to the maximum permissible errors, as well as that it functions according to its design, and is compliant with its specific metrological technical regulation and, as the case may be, the approved design or type.
5. UNITS OF MEASUREMENT.
The scale for measuring the speed of circulation of a motor vehicle must be unique and may be indicated by the following unit: kilometers per hour (km/h). The decimal sign can be either a point or a comma.
6. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 6.1. User manual: must be in Spanish or present a faithful translation thereof into Spanish and contain at least the following information:
6.1.1. Operating instructions.
6.1.2. The theory of operation of the equipment.
6.1.3. Explanatory general schematics.
6.1.4. A precise specification of the normal operating conditions.
6.1.5. A review of the influence quantities that affect the measurements and the errors they can introduce.
6.1.6. Measurement scope.
6.1.7. Environmental operating conditions.
6.1.8. Country of origin.
6.2. Labeling: The label must be in Spanish; when the language in which the original label is written is not Spanish, a complementary label in Spanish must be placed containing the mandatory information that corresponds in accordance with:
6.2.1. The cinemometer must be marked in a clear, indelible, and non-removable manner with the following information in Spanish:
6.2.1.1. Name of the manufacturer.
6.2.1.2. Year of manufacture.
6.2.1.3. Model.
6.2.1.4. Serial number.
6.2.1.5. Details of the electrical power supply of the equipment.
6.2.2. In the case of an imported product, where the information required in this section is not provided directly by the manufacturer, such information must be placed by the distributor or importer, according to the technical information from the manufacturer or supplier. The information must be available to the importer and provided in the event it is required.
7. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 7.1. Availability of measurement results 7.1.1. Cinemometers that do not have a memory for recording the measurements nor a photographic or video camera may not be used for sanctioning or legal purposes.
7.1.2. Cinemometers that have a memory for recording the measurements but do not have a photographic or video camera may not be used for sanctioning or legal purposes.
7.1.3. Cinemometers that have a memory for recording the measurements and a photographic or video camera must indicate, at minimum, on the respective photo or video the speed at which the vehicle was traveling as well as the date, time, and place of the event, maximum speed limit in the measurement zone, and identification of the cinemometer.
7.2. Speed measurement scope The cinemometers must perform speed measurements in the range spanning from 20 km/h up to 150 km/h.
7.3. Correct identification of the vehicle The cinemometer must be capable of tracking and unequivocally identifying when two or more vehicles with different speeds enter simultaneously into the measurement field; if the instrument is not capable, it must not give any measurement result.
7.4. Recording devices 7.4.1. Cinemometers that are connected to a complementary filming or photographic recording device must guarantee the correspondence between the speed of the vehicle that is measured by the cinemometer and the image of the vehicle that appears in the footage. The vehicle whose speed is measured must be identified unambiguously in the footage. The indication by photographic or video recording must coincide with what is indicated in the operation part.
7.4.2. The complementary devices of cinemometers intended to record the results of the measurements must indicate at least the following:
7.4.2.1. Date with day, month, and year.
7.4.2.2. Hour and minute of the measurement.
7.4.2.3. Measured speed of the affected vehicle in km/h.
7.4.2.4. Maximum authorized speed at the location.
7.5. Supply voltage The cinemometer must have or be installed with a supply voltage regulator such that it maintains the nominal voltage fluctuations within the range of -10% and +20% of the nominal value.
7.6. Protection against fraud 7.6.1. The transmission of results by digital signals (transfers, logical operations, data storage, indications) must be ensured by means of additional operations (CRC16, MD5, SHA-1, or SHA-2 algorithms) of logical verification (checksum), individually (step by step) or by groups (globally). Any detected anomaly must block the cinemometer measurement process.
7.6.2. The instructions (programs) and permanently stored data (such as conversion factors, decision criteria) must be checked at least upon each start-up of the equipment, by methods that prove their integrity (checksum with CRC16, MD5, SHA-1, or SHA-2 algorithms). Any detected anomaly must block the cinemometer measurement process.
7.6.3. Access to a programming or adjustment procedure of the cinemometer must not be possible by unauthorized personnel or through the use of unauthorized tools.
7.7. Additional requirements 7.7.1. The cinemometers must be equipped with a speed selector device that allows identification of speeds exceeding a predetermined value.
7.7.2. The cinemometers must incorporate a calibration device that allows the simulation of one or more speeds representative of speeds measured in practice. These test signals must be independent of the measurement circuits, and must be capable of checking the operation of all the circuits that constitute the measurement in the cinemometer.
7.7.3. Automatically operating cinemometers installed in a fixed manner, in order to ensure the measurements, will require at least two frames of the vehicle taken at different instances, unless the instrument is capable of detecting, tracking, and unequivocally identifying the target throughout the entire measurement process. One of the frames will show a panoramic view of the vehicle; the other its identification plate.
7.8 Seals The cinemometer must be protected by the manufacturer with seals that prevent the manipulation of the instrument that affects its accuracy or integrity. This applies to:
7.8.1. Adjustment systems.
7.8.2. Replacement of parts that affect the metrological characteristics.
7.8.3. The integrity of the software.
7.9. Specific requirements for Doppler type cinemometers Cinemometers that use the Doppler effect must satisfy the following:
7.9.1. The peak power of the main emission lobe must be higher, by at least 15 dB, than that of the secondary lobes in direct measurements, or by 30 dB after reflection.
7.9.2. The width of the main lobe at 3 dB must not exceed 7° in the horizontal measurement plane and 9° in the vertical measurement plane; the deviation of the mechanical axis with respect to the radiation axis must not be greater than ± 0.5°.
7.9.3. The theoretical speed, as a function of the frequency fd of the simulated Doppler signal, must be calculated by the formula:
Where: = the emitted wavelength a = the angle of incidence 7.9.4. The transmitted radiation angle for fixed or portable (static) radars must be between 10° and 30° in relation to the longitudinal axis of the road, and must be clearly marked on the antenna.
7.9.5. When the instrument is intended to operate inside a vehicle, the manufacturer must provide a means to verify that the camera and the antenna are appropriately aligned.
7.10. Specific requirements for Laser type cinemometers 7.10.1. Laser type cinemometers must be provided with a sighting device in real alignment with the light beam.
7.10.2. The emission of the light beam (Laser) must not exceed the permissible emission limit corresponding to class I, according to the IEC 60825-1 standard.
7.10.3. The laser system must come duly labeled with all the information regarding the class and the precautions to be taken during its use.
8. METROLOGICAL REQUIREMENTS The maximum permissible errors for cinemometers, whether Doppler or Laser type, are those indicated in Table 1.
Table 1. Maximum permissible errors | Verification | Fixed-installation or portable (static) cinemometers | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | For laboratory tests (by signal simulation) | For on-road tests (real traffic) | | | | V S. 100 km/h | V > 100 km/h | | | | Initial verification | ± 2 km/h | ± 3 km/h | ± 3 % | | Periodic verification after repair | ± 2 km/h | ± 4 km/h | ± 4 % | | | Periodic verification | ± 2 km/h | ± 5 km/h | ± 5 % | | 9. METROLOGICAL CONTROLS The metrological controls described herein apply to individual measurements and not to any combination of measurements from a measurement cycle.
For cinemometers used for legal purposes, the following controls apply to initial verification, verification after repair or modification, and periodic verification:
9.1 Visual inspection The aspects to be reviewed are:
9.1.1 Units and decimal sign (section 5).
9.1.2 Speed measurement scope (section 7.2).
9.1.3 Availability of measurement results (section 7.1).
9.1.4 Recording devices (section 7.4.2).
9.1.5 Protection against fraud (section 7.6).
9.1.6 Additional requirements (section 7.7).
9.1.7 Specific requirements for Doppler type cinemometers (sections 7.9.4 and 7.9.5).
9.1.8 Specific requirements for Laser type cinemometers (section 7.10.3).
9.1.9 Labeling (section 6.2).
9.1.10 Seals (section 7.8).
9.1.11 User manual (section 6.1).
9.2 Determination of the maximum permissible errors To determine compliance with the maximum permissible errors, a series of speed measurements will be carried out, using one of the following methodologies:
9.2.1 Measurement of 10 speeds distributed throughout the measurement range declared by the manufacturer of the cinemometers under study, whether Doppler or Laser type, fixed or portable static, by the signal simulation method. The difference in results between the cinemometers under study and the standard, for each measurement performed, must comply with the maximum permissible errors declared in Table 1.
9.2.2 Measurement of 5 speeds distributed between 20 km/h and 100 km/h for cinemometers that are portable static or according to the speed limit declared for the zone in which they will be installed for cinemometers that are of fixed installation, regardless of whether they are Doppler or Laser type, by the field test method (real traffic). The difference in results between the cinemometer under study and the standard for each measurement must comply with the maximum permissible errors declared in Table 1.
9.3 Correct identification of the vehicle Through field tests (real traffic), the ability for unequivocal identification of the vehicle by the cinemometers must be evaluated, regardless of whether they are Doppler or Laser type or of their installation type, performing at least 3 speed measurements in accordance with section 7.3. Furthermore, it must be verified that the readings of the cinemometers are coincident with those of the standard within the maximum permissible errors of Table 1 and comply with the provisions of section 7.4.1. This section applies only when compliance with the maximum permissible errors is determined by the simulation method (section 9.2.1).
9.4 Electrical power supply The cinemometers must be subjected to fluctuations of the nominal electrical voltage within the scope established in section 7.5, without presenting fluctuations in the readings generated by the signal simulation method that exceed the maximum permissible errors of Table 1. This section applies only to the simulation method (section 9.2.1.)
9.5 Specific requirements for Doppler type cinemometers Doppler type cinemometers must comply with sections 7.9.1 and 7.9.2. Furthermore, the theoretical speed for use with this type of cinemometer in the signal simulation methods must be determined in accordance with section 7.9.3.
9.6 Specific requirements for Laser type cinemometers Laser type cinemometers must comply with sections 7.10.1 and 7.10.2.
9.7 Verification marking Every cinemometer that has been verified by LACOMET or by a Metrological Verification Unit must bear a complementary label, which for the case of the UVMs must be requested from LACOMET in accordance with the Regulation for the Recognition, Control and Follow-up of Metrological Verification Units; this complementary label must indicate the status of the equipment (compliant or non- compliant) and will be placed in a visible location that does not allow the opening of the equipment without it being broken.
10. TYPES OF VERIFICATIONS 10.1 Initial verification 10.1.1 This verification applies to cinemometers covered by this Technical Regulation, which have not been previously verified.
10.1.2 Once imported or manufactured in Costa Rica, it must mandatorily have an initial verification before being put into use in the country in order to comply with their respective metrological supervision.
10.1.3 For cinemometers that enter the country with a Conformity Assessment from another country, the equivalence of the technical requirements of the country of origin with those described in this Technical Regulation must be evaluated in accordance with the regulations in force in terms of conformity assessment.
10.1.4 All metrological controls of section 9 apply.
10.2 Verification after repair or modification 10.2.1 Verification after repair or modification of the cinemometer applies to the cinemometers covered by this Regulation, which have undergone a repair or modification affecting the metrological or technical characteristics. This verification will have the effects of a periodic verification regarding validity.
10.2.2 The repairer, once having verified its correct operation and that the results of its measurements are within the regulatory maximum permissible errors, will place a label identifying that it has been repaired or modified. The repairer's label must indicate who performed the modification or repair and the date of the action.
10.2.3 All actions performed by a repairer will be documented in duplicate in a work report. One copy must remain in the possession of the repairing entity and the other in the possession of the cinemometer owner; both, available to authorized verification bodies, for at least a minimum period of five years from when the intervention was carried out.
10.2.4 In the work report, the nature of the repair, the replaced elements, the identification of the seals (if applicable) placed, the date of the action, the identification of the person who performed the repair or modification, their signature, and the seal of the repairing entity must be recorded.
10.2.5 The owner of the cinemometer must notify LACOMET of its repair or modification, indicating the purpose thereof and specifying which are the replaced elements, as applicable, and the adjustments and controls carried out. Before it is put into service, the verification of the same must be carried out.
10.2.6 All metrological controls of section 9 apply.
10.3 Periodic verification 10.3.1 The periodic verification of the cinemometer applies to the cinemometers covered by this Regulation, which are in use in the country, and is valid for one year.
10.3.2 The metrological controls apply: from section 9, items 9.1.1, 9.1.3, 9.1.4, 9.1.5, 9.1.9, and 9.1.10, sections 9.2 to 9.7.
11 COSTS OF THE PROCESS AND APPLICATION FOR THE INITIAL VERIFICATION, VERIFICATION AFTER REPAIR OR MODIFICATION, AND PERIODIC VERIFICATION PROCESS.
The costs and the application for the verification process of the instruments for measuring the speed of motor vehicles on the road will be those in effect and established according to a resolution published in the Official Gazette La Gaceta, by LACOMET.
12 COMPETENT AUTHORITIES For the application of this technical regulation, the Ministry of Economy, Industry and Trade will be the entity responsible for applying the initial verifications, verification after repair or modification, and periodic verification through the Laboratorio Costarricense de Metrología (LACOMET), or through the Metrological Verification Units recognized by LACOMET for the verification after repair or modification and for the periodic verification.
13 CONCORDANCE The present regulation is partially concordant with the recommendation R091: "Radar equipment for the measurement of the speed of vehicles", issued by the International Organization of Legal Metrology.
14 BIBLIOGRAPHY 14.1 International Organization of Legal Metrology. OIML R091: Radar equipment for the measurement of the speed of vehicles. France. 1990.
14.2 International Organization of Legal Metrology. OIML D20: Initial and subsequent verification of measuring instruments and processes. France. 1988.
14.3 Ministry of Industry, Tourism and Trade. Order ITC/3123/2010. Metrological Control of the State of Instruments Intended to Measure the Speed of Motor Vehicles. Spain, 2010.
14.4 Secretariat of Industry, Trade and Mining. Resolution 753/98. Metrological and Technical Regulation of Cinemometers. Argentina, 1998. 14.5 National Metrology Service-INDECOPI. NMP 013. Instruments Intended to Measure the Speed of Motor Vehicles. Cinemometers. Peru, 2010