Community development association cannot title public domain property like soccer fields or cemeteriesAsociación de desarrollo no puede titular bienes demaniales como plaza de fútbol o cementerio

**CONSIDERING:**

**I.** The petitioner appeals judgment No. 2019000554 handed down at ten hours two minutes on the twenty-ninth of November of two thousand and nineteen, whose operative part reads: "By reason of the foregoing, the present possessory information is DENIED. The objection of the Assistant Procurator is granted, wherein she expresses opposition to the titling requested in this non-contentious proceeding, therefore, in accordance with articles 8, 9 and 10 of the Ley de Informaciones Posesorias, the case file is ordered archived, and the administrative phase is deemed exhausted; the titling party is referred to proceed as appropriate before the Contentious-Administrative Jurisdiction..." (sic).

**II.** Supplementary titling proceeding, valued at four million colones and brought by the Asociación de Desarrollo Integral de Jicarto y Puerto Seco de Venado de San Carlos, to register in the National Registry two properties it claims to have been possessing, located in Venado de San Carlos de Alajuela, one used as a community sports or soccer square and the other as a cemetery. Hearing was granted to the State, the Municipalidad de San Carlos and the Instituto de Desarrollo Rural (INDER), formerly Instituto de Desarrollo Agrario (IDA). The State, through the Procuraduría General de la República (PGR), opposed the titling of the property described in cadastral map number A-1338143-2009.

**III.** In brief, in the face of partial opposition from the PGR and upon its own motion assessment, the Court considered that although in general terms the titling party meets the requirements to obtain supplementary registration for the farms it has been possessing—one used as a community sports or soccer square and the other as a cemetery—the action is not admissible because they are public domain (bienes demaniales), and therefore deemed the administrative phase exhausted and referred the interested party to the contentious-administrative jurisdiction. The appellant argues that the Community Development Law (Ley sobre desarrollo de la comunidad) No. 3859 grants legitimacy and right to the entity, as a popular or communal development organization for its projects, to obtain titling of the properties for public use (citing articles 15 and 19), such as soccer squares that are not municipal or which, at the least, the Municipality is not interested in having under its administration as in this case; as is also authorized by the Associations Law (Ley de Asociaciones) No. 218 (canon 26). That the Municipalidad de San Carlos stated it does not object. That the first law cited authorizes the Municipality to donate goods, as well as obligates the State to defray the needs and services to those same villages; which, as communities, they are empowered to administer the State’s goods. That the soccer square is neither inventoried as municipal property nor is of interest to the Corporation, nor is it attached to a cantonal sports committee and may belong to a private entity and be administered by it, as mentioned in numerals 164 and 171 of the Municipal Code (Código Municipal). Case of the petitioner, who has possessed and administered it exclusively for more than twenty years, without resorting to and without counting on municipal assets for its existence. As long as it is not property declared as municipal or attached to it, it can be registered in the name of a third party without prejudice to possibly belonging to the Municipality or being given in administration to it. And regarding what it qualifies as the principal ground for denial of the proceedings, the argument that the matter must be resolved by the Contentious-Administrative Court, it claims that jurisdiction is assigned to the Court of the place where the farm is located by article 30 of the Civil Procedure Code (Código Procesal Civil), Law No. 7130. That the PGR appeared and did not question the procedures or jurisdiction, and not even the judge, who had the power to do so, realized it until six years later upon issuing judgment, when jurisdiction had already been extended even if he were incompetent. Therefore, it requests that the judgment be annulled and the Court be ordered to approve the titling proceedings. It cites articles 5 of the Ley de Informaciones Posesorias and 34 of the former Civil Procedure Code, Law No. 7130, now partially repealed.

**IV.** The considerations regarding the facts taken as accredited are endorsed, as they are not subject to challenge.

**V.** This is a matter of pure law, as the factual framework verified by the Court is beyond controversy. In particular, the nature as public domain (bienes demaniales) of the properties subject to the titling frustrated by the Court. As a starting point, the requested nullity is rejected because no defenselessness is invoked or verified to justify it, and the Court has provided sufficient reasoning to allow its comprehension by the dissenting party and review by the appellate body (articles 28.1, 32.1, 61.2, and 67.6 of the Civil Procedure Code). Now, articles 164 and 171 of the Municipal Code are now 173 and 180 (by running consecutive numbering ordered in article 1 of Law No. 9542, "Ley de Fortalecimiento de la Policía Municipal" of April 23, 2018) and speak of the cantonal committee and the communal sports and recreation committees, the first having instrumental legal personality and the latter attached to it. And that municipalities, the Instituto Costarricense del Deporte y la Recreación (ICODER), public institutions, and community organizations are authorized to cede the administration of their sports and recreational facilities to cantonal sports committees. But at first glance, from neither of these is derived the appellant's interpretation that a communal development association (or "ADI", a private law entity) can appropriate public domain property, however noble the public or social interest sought to be satisfied by titling a soccer square and a cemetery. Neither the objectives and purposes protected by the Associations Law nor the specific Community Development Law No. 3859 authorize it either.

**VI.** According to article 261 of the Civil Code, public things are those that by law are permanently destined to any service of general utility, and those that everyone can use because they are delivered to public use. All other things are private and subject to individual property, even though they belong to the State or the Municipalities, who in such a case, as civil persons, are no different from any other person. Public goods are outside commerce and may not enter it as long as this is not legally provided for, separating them from the public use to which they were destined, as mandated by numeral 262 of the same Code. Neither can they be seized, as they are destined for common use and enjoyment (section 170(1) of the Contentious-Administrative Procedure Code, Law No. 8508). And in particular, regarding communal sports or recreational spaces, municipal domain over the areas of squares or other open spaces for general public use is constituted by that very use, according to canon 44 of the Urban Planning Law (Ley de Planificación Urbana) No. 4240. As for cemeteries, Executive Decree (decreto ejecutivo) No. 32833, General Cemetery Regulations (Reglamento General de Cementerios), establishes in article 55 that all national cemeteries shall be considered public heritage (patrimonio público), subject to their laws and regulations, inalienable, secularized, and may not be suppressed except for reasons of public order, with prior technical opinion and authorization from the Ministry. That is to say, in this context, the Court of Appeal has no doubt that sports zones destined for public enjoyment, such as soccer squares, and communal graveyards are public domain property (bienes demaniales), being affected to services of general utility. And that comprehensive development associations of district, cantonal, regional, provincial, or national communities, like any other subject of private law, may acquire goods for the achievement of their purposes, of social interest for the peoples whose satisfaction their projects are directed to. But this does not mean they have privileged access over other individuals to acquire or title in their name collectively used goods whose property or domain regime is reserved exclusively by the Political Constitution (121 section 14) and the laws regulating it to the State, its autonomous institutions, and the Municipalities. Nor is the disinterest or consent of the municipal corporation relevant, since it has no power of disposition over the matter without a prior law authorizing it in relation to the farms subject of these proceedings.

**VII.** Subsequently, with the expression "exhaustion of the administrative phase" and the referral of the interested association to the contentious-administrative jurisdiction, the Court has not abdicated its natural jurisdiction, as the appellant assumes, but rather, although with improper wording (because the exhaustion of the phase provided for in numeral 8, in relation to numeral 5, of the Ley de Informaciones Posesorias is an interlocutory decision of early termination without substantive ruling), in reality it simply concluded, after the evacuation of evidence and final hearing, the non-contentious judicial activity with a dismissing judgment, "disapproving" the request on its merits (articles 10 and 11 of that same law) and inviting the petitioner to litigate in a purely jurisdictional proceeding, if it sees fit to bring a substantive claim against the opposing State, considering that this procedure is to obtain the supplementary titling (titulación supletoria) of unregistered privately owned properties, not to usucapir or otherwise acquire publicly owned goods. The Court must, however, take note of the distinction of procedures, to avoid Byzantine discussions that nevertheless frustrate the time for resolving the conflict submitted to its knowledge, as had already been warned in the annulment judgment of this Court No. 399-18 of 15:55 hours on October 11, 2018, to whose reasoning we refer to avoid unnecessary reiterations. Reasons to uphold the resolution now under appeal.

**THEREFORE:** The requested nullity is dismissed, and the judgment is confirmed.

It cites Article 5 of the Ley de Informaciones Posesorias and Article 34 of the former Código Procesal Civil, Law No. 7130, now partially repealed.

IV. The considerations regarding the facts deemed accredited are upheld, as they are not subject to challenge

V.This is a matter of pure law, as the factual framework verified by the Court is uncontested. In particular, the nature of the properties as public domain assets (bienes demaniales), the titling (titulación) of which was frustrated by the Court. At the outset, the requested nullity is rejected because no defenselessness (indefensión) is invoked or found that would justify it, and the Court has provided sufficient reasoning that allows for its understanding by the aggrieved party and review by the appellate body (Articles 28.1, 32.1, 61.2, and 67.6 of the Código Procesal Civil). Now, Articles 164 and 171 of the Código Municipal are currently Articles 173 and 180 (due to the continuous numbering ordered by Article 1 of Law No. 9542, "Ley de Fortalecimiento de la Policía Municipal," of April 23, 2018) and speak of the cantonal committee (comité cantonal) and the communal sports and recreation committees (comités comunales de deportes y recreación), the former with instrumental legal personality (personería jurídica instrumental) and the latter subordinate to it. And that the municipalities, the Instituto Costarricense del Deporte y la Recreación (ICODER), public institutions, and community organizations are authorized to cede the administration of their sports and recreational facilities to the cantonal sports committees. But at first glance, none of these provisions support the appellant's interpretation that a community development association (or “ADI,” a private law entity) can appropriate public domain assets, however noble the public or social interest sought to be satisfied by the titling of a soccer field and a cemetery. Neither the objectives and purposes protected by the Ley de Asociaciones nor the specific Ley sobre desarrollo de la comunidad No. 3859 authorize it either.

VI.According to Article 261 of the Código Civil, public things are those that are permanently destined by law for any general utility service, and those that everyone can benefit from because they are delivered to public use. All other things are private and subject to private ownership, even if they belong to the State or the Municipalities, who in such case, as civil persons, are no different from any other person. Public assets (Bienes públicos) that are outside of commerce and may not enter it unless legally so ordered, separating them from the public use to which they were destined, as mandated by numeral 262 of the same Code. These also cannot be seized because they are destined for common use and enjoyment (Article 170, section 1 of the Código Procesal Contencioso Administrativo, Law No. 8508). And especially, concerning sports or communal recreation spaces, municipal domain (dominio municipal) over areas of public squares or other open spaces for general public use is constituted by that very use, pursuant to canon 44 of the Ley de Planificación Urbana No. 4240. Regarding cemeteries, Decreto Ejecutivo No. 32833, Reglamento General de Cementerios, establishes in Article 55 that all national cemeteries shall be considered public heritage, subject to their laws and regulations, inalienable, secularized, and may not be suppressed except for reasons of public order, with prior technical opinion and authorization from the Ministry. That is, in this context, the Court of Appeals has no doubt that sports areas destined for public enjoyment, such as soccer fields, and community-use cemeteries (camposantos) are public domain assets or property of public domain (bienes demaniales o de dominio público), as they are allocated to general utility services. And that the comprehensive development associations of district, cantonal, regional, provincial, or national communities, like any other subject of private law, may acquire assets for the achievement of their purposes, of social interest for the peoples whose satisfaction their projects address. But this does not mean they have privileged access over other private individuals to acquire or title in their name assets for collective use whose property or domain regime is exclusively reserved by the Political Constitution (Article 121, section 14) and the laws that regulate it, to the State, its autonomous institutions, and the Municipalities. Nor is the disinterest or acquiescence of the municipal corporation relevant, as it has no power of disposition over the matter without a prior law authorizing it in relation to the properties subject to these proceedings.

VII.Subsequently, with the expression “exhaustion of administrative remedies” (agotamiento de la vía administrativa) and the referral of the interested association to the administrative litigation jurisdiction, the Court has not abdicated its natural competence, as the appellant supposes, but rather, although with improper style (because the exhaustion of remedies provided for in numeral 8 in relation to Article 5 of the Ley de Informaciones Posesorias is an interlocutory decision of early termination without a substantive ruling), in reality it simply concluded, after the taking of evidence and final hearing, the non-contentious judicial activity with a dismissive judgment, “disapproving” the request on its merits (Articles 10 and 11 of that same law) and inviting the petitioner to litigate in a strictly jurisdictional process, should it deem it appropriate to bring a material claim against the opposing State, given that the present procedure is to obtain supplementary titling (titulación supletoria) of unregistered privately-owned properties (inmuebles de dominio privado), not to acquire by usucaption (usucapir) or in any other way publicly-owned assets. The Court must, however, take note of the distinction between procedures, to avoid byzantine discussions that undermine the time for resolving the conflict submitted to its cognizance, as had already been warned in the annulment judgment of this Court, No. 399-18 of 3:55 p.m. on October 11, 2018, to the reasoning of which we refer to avoid unnecessary reiterations.

Reasons for upholding the resolution under appeal.

POR TANTO:

The requested nullity is dismissed and the judgment is confirmed.

José Miguel González Molina Osvaldo López Mora Edgar Echegaray Rodríguez Judges JSOLORZANOC EDGAR [Nombre4] - JUDGE/DECISION-MAKER ** ** First Judicial Circuit of Alajuela, [Dirección1] , , [Dirección2] , Telephones: 2437-0323 and 2437-0363.

**V.** This is a matter of pure law, as the factual framework verified by the Court is not in dispute. In particular, the nature of the properties subject to the titling denied by the Court as public domain assets (bienes demaniales). At the outset, the requested annulment is rejected because no defenselessness is invoked or verified that would justify it, and the Court has provided sufficient reasoning that allows for its understanding by the dissenting party and for review by the appellate body (articles 28.1, 32.1, 61.2, and 67.6 of the Código Procesal Civil). Now, articles 164 and 171 of the Código Municipal are now 173 and 180 (due to the sequential numbering ordered in article 1 of Law No. 9542 "Ley de Fortalecimiento de la Policía Municipal" of April 23, 2018) and they speak of the cantonal committee and the communal sports and recreation committees, the former with instrumental legal personality and the latter attached to it. And that the municipalities, the Instituto Costarricense del Deporte y la Recreación (ICODER), public institutions, and community organizations are authorized to transfer the administration of their sports and recreational facilities to the cantonal sports committees. But at first glance, neither gives rise to the appellant's interpretation that a communal development association (or “ADI”, a private law entity) can appropriate public domain assets, no matter how noble the public or social interest sought to be satisfied by titling a football field and a cemetery. Neither the objectives and purposes protected by the Ley de Asociaciones nor the specific Law on Community Development No. 3859 authorize it.

**VI.** According to article 261 of the Código Civil, public things are those that by law are permanently destined for any service of general utility, and those that everyone can take advantage of because they are delivered for public use. All other things are private and subject to private ownership, even if they belong to the State or the Municipalities, who in this case, as civil persons, are no different from any other person. Public goods that are outside of commerce and may not enter it while it is not legally provided for thus, separating them from the public use to which they were destined, as ordered by numeral 262 of the same Code. Which also cannot be seized because they are destined for common use and enjoyment (170, subsection 1 of the Código Procesal Contencioso Administrativo, Law No. 8508). And especially, with regard to sports or community recreation spaces, municipal ownership over areas of squares (plazas) or other open spaces of general public use is constituted by that same use, according to canon 44 of the Ley de Planificación Urbana No. 4240. With respect to cemeteries, Decreto Ejecutivo No. 32833, the Reglamento General de Cementerios, establishes in article 55 that all national cemeteries shall be considered public heritage, subject to their laws and regulations, inalienable, secularized, and may not be suppressed except for reasons of public order, with prior technical opinion and authorization from the Ministry. That is, in this context, the Appellate Tribunal has no doubt that sports zones destined for public enjoyment such as football fields (plazas de futbol) and communal-use cemeteries (camposantos) are public domain assets or public property, being allocated to services of general utility. And that comprehensive development associations of district, cantonal, regional, provincial, or national communities, like any other subject of private law, may acquire goods for the fulfillment of their purposes, of social interest for the populations whose satisfaction their projects are aimed at. But this does not mean they have privileged access over other private parties to acquire or title in their name goods of collective use whose property or ownership regime is reserved exclusively by the Constitución Política (121, subsection 14) and the laws that regulate it to the State, its autonomous institutions, and the Municipalities. Nor is the disinterest or acquiescence of the municipal corporation relevant, as it has no power of disposal over the matter without a prior law authorizing it in relation to the properties (fincas) subject to these proceedings.

**VII.** Then, with the expression "exhaustion of administrative remedies" (agotamiento de la vía administrativa) and the referral of the interested association to the contentious-administrative jurisdiction, the Court did not abdicate its natural competence, as the appellant assumes, but rather, although with improper style (because the exhaustion of remedies provided for in numeral 8 in relation to 5 of the Ley de Informaciones Posesorias is an interlocutory decision of early termination without a substantive ruling), in reality it has simply concluded, after the taking of evidence and final hearing, the non-contentious judicial activity with a dismissal judgment (sentencia desestimatoria), "disapproving" the application on the merits (articles 10 and 11 of that same law) and inviting the applicant to litigate in a fully jurisdictional process, if it sees fit to pursue a material claim against the opposing State, given that the present proceeding is for obtaining the supplementary titling of unregistered privately owned properties, not for adverse possession (usucapir) or acquiring publicly owned goods in some other way. The Court must, however, take note of the distinction in procedures, to avoid quibbling discussions that ultimately derail the resolution time of the conflict submitted to its knowledge, as had already been warned in the annulment judgment of this Tribunal No. 399-18 of 15:55 hours on October 11, 2018, to whose reasoning we refer to avoid unnecessary reiteration.

Reasons for endorsing the resolution brought on appeal\".</span></p></div></body></html>" INFORMACIÓN POSESORIA PROMOVENTE:

ASOCIACION DE DESARROLLO INTEGRAL DE JICARTO Y PUERTO SECO DE VENADO DE SAN CARLOS Judgment No. 574-2020-CI CIVIL AND LABOR APPEALS COURT OF ALAJUELA (ALAJUELA SEAT) (Civil Matters). At ten thirty-two hours on June thirtieth, two thousand twenty.

Case File No. 12-100476-0297-CI. POSSESSORY INFORMATION PROCEEDING processed in the Civil Court of the Second Judicial Circuit of Alajuela (San Carlos), brought by ASOCIACIÓN DE DESARROLLO INTEGRAL DE JICARTO Y PUERTO SECO DE VENADO DE SAN CARLOS, represented by [Name1] and represented by attorney Ricardo Reyes Cálix as special judicial attorney-in-fact. Appearing are the State through the Procuraduría General de la República, represented by Lydiana Rodríguez Paniagua; the Municipalidad de San Carlos and the Instituto de Desarrollo Rural, formerly Instituto de Desarrollo Agrario, represented by its general judicial attorney-in-fact Carmelina Vargas Hidalgo.

This Court hears the proceeding, upon an appeal with a joined nullity plea filed by the petitioner against judgment No. 2019000554 of ten hours two minutes on November twenty-ninth, two thousand nineteen, which dismissed its title application.

Drafted by Judge González Molina, and;

CONSIDERANDO:

I.The petitioner appeals judgment No. 2019000554 of ten hours two minutes on November twenty-ninth, two thousand nineteen, the operative part of which reads: "By reason of the foregoing, this possessory information is DENIED.- The opposition of the Deputy Procurator is upheld, expressing opposition to the title requested in this non-contentious proceeding, therefore, pursuant to Articles 8, 9, and 10 of the Ley de Informaciones Posesorias, the case file is ordered archived, and the administrative procedure is deemed exhausted; the petitioner is referred to proceed as appropriate before the Administrative-Contentious Jurisdiction.-..." (sic).

II.Supplementary title proceeding (proceso de titulación supletoria), valued at four million colones and brought by the Asociación de Desarrollo Integral de Jicarto y Puerto Seco de Venado de San Carlos, to register with the National Registry two properties it claims to have been possessing, located in Venado de San Carlos, Alajuela, one used as a community sports field or soccer field and the other as a cemetery. A hearing was granted to the State, the Municipalidad de San Carlos, and the Instituto de Desarrollo Rural (INDER), formerly Instituto de Desarrollo Agrario (IDA). The State, through the Procuraduría General de la República (PGR), opposed the title application for the property described in cadastral plan number A-1338143-2009.

III.Briefly, given the PGR's partial opposition and upon its own determination, the Court considered that although in general terms the petitioner meets the requirements to obtain a supplementary registration for the properties it has been possessing—one used as a community sports field or soccer field and the other as a cemetery—the action is not admissible as they are public domain assets (bienes demaniales), thus it deemed the administrative procedure exhausted and sent the interested party to the administrative-contentious jurisdiction. The appellant argues that the Ley sobre desarrollo de la comunidad No. 3859 grants standing and right to the entity, as a popular or community development organization for its projects, to obtain title to the properties for public use (citing Articles 15 and 19), such as soccer fields that are not municipal or that at least the Municipality has no interest in having under its administration, as in this case; as also authorized by the Ley de Asociaciones No. 218 (canon 26). That the Municipalidad de San Carlos stated it does not oppose. That the first cited law authorizes the Municipality to donate assets, as well as obligates the State to cover the needs and services of the towns themselves; which as communities are empowered to administer State assets. That the soccer field is neither inventoried as a municipal asset nor is the Corporation interested in it, it is also not assigned to a cantonal sports committee and may belong to a private entity and be administered by it, as mentioned in numerals 164 and 171 of the Código Municipal. In the petitioner's case, it has exclusively possessed and administered it for more than twenty years, without resorting to and without having municipal resources for its existence. As long as it is not a declared municipal asset or assigned to it, it can be registered in the name of a third party without prejudice to the possibility of belonging to the Municipality or being given in administration to it. And regarding what it terms the main point of rejection of the proceedings, the argument that the matter must be resolved by the Administrative-Contentious Tribunal, it claims that jurisdiction is assigned to the Court of the place where the property is located by Article 30 of the Código Procesal Civil Law No. 7130. That the PGR appeared and did not challenge the procedures or jurisdiction, and even the judge who had the power to do so did not realize it until six years later when issuing judgment, when jurisdiction had already been extended even if it were incompetent. Therefore, it requests that the judgment be annulled and the Court be ordered to approve the title proceedings. It cites Article 5 of the Ley de Informaciones Posesorias and 34 of the former Código Procesal Civil, Law No. 7130, now partially repealed.

IV. The considerations regarding the facts held as proven are upheld, as they are not subject to challenge

V.This is a matter of pure law, as the factual framework verified by the Court is uncontested. In particular, the nature as public domain assets (bienes demaniales) of the properties that are the subject of the title application frustrated by the Court. At the outset, the requested nullity is rejected because no defenselessness is invoked or observed to justify it, and the Court has provided sufficient reasoning that allows its understanding by the dissenting party and review by the appellate body (Articles 28.1, 32.1, 61.2, and 67.6 of the Código Procesal Civil). Now, Articles 164 and 171 of the Código Municipal are nowadays 173 and 180 (by renumbering ordered in Article 1 of Law No. 9542 "Ley de Fortalecimiento de la Policía Municipal" of April 23, 2018) and speak of the cantonal committee and the community sports and recreation committees, the former with instrumental legal capacity and the latter attached to it. And that municipalities, the Instituto Costarricense del Deporte y la Recreación (ICODER), public institutions, and community organizations are authorized to cede the administration of their sports and recreational facilities to the cantonal sports committees. But at first glance, neither supports the appellant's interpretation that a community development association (or "ADI," a private law entity) can appropriate public domain assets (bienes demaniales), no matter how noble the public or social interest sought to be satisfied by the title application for a soccer field and a cemetery. Neither the objectives and purposes protected by the Ley de Asociaciones nor the specific Ley sobre desarrollo de la comunidad No. 3859 authorize it either.

VI.According to Article 261 of the Civil Code, public things are those that are permanently destined by law to any service of general utility, and those of which everyone can take advantage by being delivered to public use. All other things are private and subject to particular property, even if they belong to the State or Municipalities, who in this case, as civil persons, are not differentiated from any other person. Public assets that are outside commerce and may not enter it while this is not legally provided for, separating them from the public use to which they were destined, as mandated by numeral 262 of the same Code. Which also cannot be seized because they are destined for common use and exploitation (170 paragraph 1 of the Código Procesal Contencioso Administrativo, Law No. 8508). And especially, as regards communal sports or recreational spaces, municipal ownership over areas of plazas or other open spaces for general public use is constituted by that same use, pursuant to canon 44 of the Ley de Planificación Urbana No. 4240. With respect to cemeteries, Executive Decree No. 32833, Reglamento General de Cementerios, establishes in Article 55 that all national cemeteries shall be considered public patrimony, subject to their laws and regulations, inalienable, secularized, and may not be suppressed except for reasons of public order, following technical criteria and authorization from the Ministry. That is, in this context the Court of Appeals has no doubt that sports zones destined for public enjoyment such as soccer fields and community burial grounds are public domain assets (bienes demaniales), being allocated to services of general utility. And that the comprehensive development associations of district, cantonal, regional, provincial, or national communities, like any other subject of private law, may acquire assets for the achievement of their purposes, of social interest for the towns whose satisfaction their projects are directed toward. But this does not mean they have privileged access over other private parties to acquire or title in their name collective-use assets whose property or ownership regime is exclusively reserved by the Political Constitution (121 paragraph 14) and the laws regulating it to the State, its autonomous institutions, and the Municipalities. Nor is the disinterest or acquiescence of the municipal corporation relevant, as it has no power of disposition over the matter without a prior law authorizing it in relation to the properties subject to these proceedings.

VII.Then, by the expression "exhaustion of the administrative procedure" and the referral of the interested association to the administrative-contentious jurisdiction, the Court has not abdicated its natural jurisdiction, as the appellant supposes, but rather, although with an improper style (because the exhaustion of procedure provided for in numeral 8 in relation to 5 of the Ley de Informaciones Posesorias is an interlocutory decision of early termination without a substantive ruling), in reality it has simply concluded, after the taking of evidence and final hearing, the non-contentious judicial activity with a judgment of dismissal, "disapproving" the application on its merits (Articles 10 and 11 of that same law) and inviting the petitioner to litigate in a purely jurisdictional process, if it sees fit to bring a substantive claim against the opposing State, given that this procedure is for obtaining supplementary title to unregistered private-domain properties, not for usucaption or acquiring in some other way publicly-owned assets. The Court must, however, take note of the distinction in procedures, to avoid Byzantine discussions that nonetheless thwart the time for resolving the conflict submitted for its cognizance, as had already been advised in annulment judgment No. 399-18 of this Court at 15:55 hours on October 11, 2018, to whose reasoning we refer to avoid unnecessary reiteration.

… the resolution that came on appeal.</span><span>*</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:center; line-height:150%; widows:0; orphans:0\"><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span>*</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:center; line-height:150%; widows:0; orphans:0\"><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">POR TANTO:</span><span>*</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:justify; line-height:150%; widows:0; orphans:0\"><span>*</span><span style=\"width:30pt; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; vertical-align:sub\">The requested nullity is dismissed and the judgment is </span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">confirmed</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; vertical-align:sub\">.</span><span>*</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:justify; line-height:150%; widows:0; orphans:0\"><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span>*</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:center; line-height:150%; widows:0; orphans:0\"><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">José</span><span>* </span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">Miguel González Molina</span><span>*</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:center; line-height:150%; widows:0; orphans:0\"><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span>*</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:center; line-height:150%; widows:0; orphans:0\"><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">Osvaldo López Mora</span><span style=\"width:26.65pt; line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"width:36pt; line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"width:36pt; line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">*</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\"> Edgar Echegaray Rodríguez</span><span>*</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:center; line-height:150%\"><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; vertical-align:sub\">Judges</span><span>*</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:justify; line-height:150%; font-size:8pt\"><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:5.33pt; vertical-align:sub\">JSOLORZANOC</span><span>*</span></p><table cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" style=\"width:100%; border-collapse:collapse\"><tr><td style=\"padding-right:5.65pt; padding-left:5.65pt; vertical-align:top\"><p style=\"margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:justify; line-height:150%; font-size:12pt\"><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span></p></td><td style=\"padding-right:5.65pt; padding-left:5.65pt; vertical-align:top\"><p style=\"margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:justify; line-height:150%; font-size:12pt\"><img src=\"data:image/jpeg;base64,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width=\"200\" height=\"65\" alt=\"\" style=\"-aw-left-pos:0pt; -aw-rel-hpos:column; -aw-rel-vpos:paragraph; -aw-top-pos:0pt; -aw-wrap-type:inline\" /><br /><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:'WASP 39 L'; font-size:8pt; vertical-align:sub\">*F0Z0HRNT5C061*</span><br /><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:5.33pt; vertical-align:sub\">F0Z0HRNT5C061</span><br /><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:5.33pt; vertical-align:sub\">JOSE [Nombre2]</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:5.33pt; vertical-align:sub; -aw-import:spaces\">&#xa0;&#xa0; </span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:5.33pt; vertical-align:sub\">- JUDGE/DECISION-MAKER</span></p></td><td style=\"padding-right:5.65pt; padding-left:5.65pt; vertical-align:top\"><p style=\"margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:justify; line-height:150%; font-size:8pt\"><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:5.33pt; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span></p></td></tr><tr><td style=\"padding-right:5.65pt; padding-left:5.65pt; vertical-align:top\"><p style=\"margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:justify; line-height:150%; font-size:12pt\"><img src=\"data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQEAYABgAAD/2wBDAAEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQH/2wBDAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQH/wAARCABBAMgDASIAAhEBAxEB/8QAHwAAAQUBAQEBAQEAAAAAAAAAAAECAwQFBgcICQoL/8QAtRAAAgEDAwIEAwUFBAQAAAF9AQIDAAQRBRIhMUEGE1FhByJxFDKBkaEII0KxwRVS0fAkM2JyggkKFhcYGRolJicoKSo0NTY3ODk6Q0RFRkdISUpTVFVWV1hZWmNkZWZnaGlqc3R1dnd4eXqDhIWGh4iJipKTlJWWl5iZmqKjpKWmp6ipqrKztLW2t7i5usLDxMXGx8jJytLT1NXW19jZ2uHi4+Tl5ufo6erx8vP09fb3+Pn6/8QAHwEAAwEBAQEBAQEBAQAAAAAAAAECAwQFBgcICQoL/8QAtREAAgECBAQDBAcFBAQAAQJ3AAECAxEEBSExBhJBUQdhcRMiMoEIFEKRobHBCSMzUvAVYnLRChYkNOEl8RcYGRomJygpKjU2Nzg5OkNERUZHSElKU1RVVldYWVpjZGVmZ2hpanN0dXZ3eHl6goOEhYaHiImKkpOUlZaXmJmaoqOkpaanqKmqsrO0tba3uLm6wsPExcbHyMnK0tPU1dbX2Nna4uPk5ebn6Onq8vP09fb3+Pn6/9oADAMBAAIRAxEAPwD+/iiiigAooooAKKKKACiivLPiH8RfC/ws8H6z408WXIsND0MBFWxha51XUdRuJRo2kaLoWjo8kms+IvEWtzQaF4W0CIFru5lhjjk8zZAACb4j/ETwt8L/AAlq/jLxtqX9naHp0bK0aqbzUtQ1KQuulaLoekRRLca1r3iE7I7XQYF86SVwNqKXmr85v+Ee+Kn7Vv7Q3gSL4l6vr/gT4c/CC80v4nap8DPCetrYy6DqNukWsfC3Sfjn4h0Rg3iL4heKPl8U3Hw38PSt4O8GeEdFSJ5vGsnjO38XH0TxDF8T9Z1rwj8TPGel6Zqnxs8a6nqVt+zJ+z9qTZ8D/BhJNEI1n4n/ABPaOTfr3xC8KeG1dvGviqNAng1/ELfBH4fOZfFsnjTxn9k/Cj4Y6J8J/BNt4V0y7v8AWb24vLzXPFnijXSreIvGnivWNq694u1x0KB9d8QzxeZJIBGAMRhf3ZVgD1muT8T+KPDngfw/rPinxhrej+HfDmh2P23Vtf129j0zTdO06PCtLqmrXDGFFDNyzHGSudxcFud+KPxN8DfBr4f+JviZ8RdZg8OeDvB+lPrGtateeWBHGqH7i5UyaozKqIq5bMik/LuKfBXwe+H/AI//AGvPGWkftO/tK+E38N/Cmw8qf9l39m/xAWkk0DTG1aUp8ZPjZobPJ4b134i+J0XRpfA/hhw8PgXwdMjFH8dzXc8AB+odcnZeJ/Dt7rmqeFbPXdIuPEuh2thdax4dtdQsX1fRNP1gOdIl1TSkmMlvFMEb7OzgCVQrRbxLHv8Azz/aC/aq8aePfHkv7JH7GF7ba/8AHTVB9n+JHxWazl174bfs2eGCW/trW/EGrb/K1j4hhGz4O8JAE3EzI8iwGLym+rfgH+z74I/Z68MXuh+GJ9a8SeIPEl/HrnxD+JXje7bxD8R/iR4qEvkya/418RG387W58SSRQKzCDw5CTHGgjkmdAD6Lory34kfEDw58LPB+u+L/ABXcTw6Vo1rGDaaVbvqGsapqWsSrpGhaJoWifO+u+I/Emvy2vh/wroAG27upoLcyoSka+HfslfB/xt8KPBXiXWvix418WePfi98UPEjeOfH+seLdZfU08P8AmQq2geCdBt4ifDWh6F4T8P8AlRLb+FFj8JP4un8SS2kmydPMAPsOiiigAooooAKKKKACiiigAooooAKKKKACiiigAoorivG3jfwv8N/CfiHx7411i18PeEfCukahrXiHV7xgtjp2l6SGM0shx8oCknCjLMNoxwVAKvxH+JPgL4S+DtX8ffE3xVovgrwdoNqbvV/EOv3o0/TbBFH3pHc569ly/pkBivy/oukav42vk/aL/aIup/Ang3wLZ6n44+Fvwq1520yw+GmlJp7bvif8Vptwj1v4iDQllkis5QLX4Q22sXNpBby+M45vF8fzB8DfgXrn7aXjvw5+2L+1TorXXhTTr/8Atr9lr4Eawhm8NeBNM3K2ifEvXtG3LHrXimWMlbRpytv5gj8Zhdv/AAhEXg77A1++u/j98Spfh/pyLP8ABr4T+JdJvPihqqGQp47+JuiCHXND+GemDPlL4f8AB0raL4p8eyqST4rh8L+C1OE8aRIAbfwV0vVfGes6t8fPHOmXulav45tv7H+HHhPXrOMan4E+EUUks2iDVIQki6H4q+Jc0KeLPG0JZpIQfCvguUtL4OUy++a94j0LwnomreJ/EWrWOjaFoOmajq+t6pqdwLGw07S9HWSXWNVlf5lRIY8u7Eg427Wy+H1Ly9t9Otri/vpoLSyt7U3N1d3VyqWdqqAZJZ8DZ1bd8oOABhmAr8fvjh8S9I/afl0LUviYniPQP2IH8W6Ong7wNouia94j+Kv7dnijw876+TofgXw8sniZP2evCa6XL4q3RW6y+PR4fi8ZzSp8Po4W8VgHR+D/AAnrf/BQ/wCIWkfGnxsdR0n9iPwN4rj1L4F/Cm+sXsh+0L4l0icBvjN8UdD11QzfD1NbR4fh74WKGLxTBbx+OpUFv4nWJu7/AGpP2nfHGq+KIP2X/wBlT7Hq/wAbPFdzqHh3WvGabf7K+GsgEMuvTPOjYl8Q+D/Dmrx+I/GRHljwZFrfhnzPO8ceL/A3grxZwHxQ/bTl+Jui+DfhD+xRpNx4luPiFb6bo/hz4gaRGvhfR7HSwqrrujfCwPoFy6xeE9CV/D/jH4oHwv8A8Ib8FPMiV/8AhMfHkQ8Ej61/Zj/Zg8O/s4+H5mnvbbX/ABv4jtdGsPFHiv7PHpwM0Yu5ho/h6NBnRdCOv6zrF67TPc+LfF/izWfEfjrx54r8W+O/FN3dEA2v2ZP2bvBv7Mfw5g8JeGT/AGrr2piPU/G3jS8tE/tXxT4k2+XPqsjRtKY9GjlLp4X8PIHjtLd0jgYu09xX0/NJDBGZpZRDDDy7HhQMYAPBOPpXh/xm+KCfC/QLKDQtHg8V/EXxlqcnhz4afD5dUXTbnxb4ldZWdv7Qjt5ZNG8P+GNDE/inxp4iaN4vCvhHRbq4Cu6wpL8CeCPFXxv+PvxO1r4D/Ejxz4d8X/BTVrLUvEniXxd4S8B6v4d0z4kah4E1zRNC+KvwB+F+ttNGfEXw08GeJPEPgvw344+J3idml8aRt4o8BwxFv+EyTwYAfVXw/En7RHjzSfjhqsLv8IvB13qA+AOgTwu8PirVSG0bXfj7rihGiVpUE/hv4KhnaVPBcuv+N3LHxvZJ4R+yKpW8EUESwQwCGG3GLaAfKAFBIIGTxuJxzxnmvAvj1+0b8Jf2bvC1j4l+KviK40v+39XsfDHhTQNH0jWvEfjbxd4mnG1dH8FeCNCik8Q+JLoptkaLw3bz4DEyEblMgB9FUV5N8T/iTovwt8Daj8QdYs9b1S3tW0iw0nw3oWknUfEmveJde1uHQPD/AIR0LS1DvJ4h8TeINa0vw7DF0e4m2u8GPOTgvhR8f/DfjfwzcXfjQ6H8JvGuk+IfEvh3xZ8NvEHjfwfqHiHwnfaNrM6wRatJDLFGT4l8O/2J4pG1dwt/EFuGPmbZyAfS1FfLnin9sX9mrwprt54Vu/i3oms+ItOGNU0nwTY698SNQ8P/AC7Qdej+H+heLP8AhHzn5s+IzaZPJzXzZqX7YXxX+L3juT4MfsqfBDxPba9eaKNZ8R/GD46aVceCvAnwz0nWNreH/GerfD8SP8Stcl8UrDrA8C+GPEcXgqXxnJ4eeaEx+Bpm8ZqAfptRXJ+GbXXtN8N6DY+I9Zh8Q+ILbS9Mttd16DSxpCazqixrHqmpLo8LtHpCTSB5xGJGWIS+WwBRAesoAKKKKACiiigAooooAKKKKACvzr+PHw71b9rb49eHfgnqd6R+zL8Fo9N8cfHnTYJ32/Fj4oaykWt/Cv4O3BTav9geEfDrJ8T/ABtAsivOdf8AhkI2CLLLF+gt5JNb2txNbQi4ngty1vbDgswHC/iQB24XHU1+Tn7M3xd+KFj8Afhn8NdE+GXxQ8RftS+NbPUvEfxL174mfC/xl8M/hx4U+IXjfWJfEnj7xh418beIPDnhJPEnh/wlr2rnw9B4b8HL4u1DxT/wjmheCIbkQzP4xjAPqT9pL4vz+CrWb4f+DfGeleCdVfw4Na8deO720/tKL4MfDR2fQdH8Q6LoMaNJ4i+IvjLxI8fhT4KeF5y8fi3xfB4jMMHin/hEJ/B9xf8ABPxd/Z1+Ff7O+geNfD3imLwr8HvC41bw3a33ia11zTvEDeJNL1u70LV9A1TR9fiHxD1v4k6/4qt9TdvDk1ldeOPF3iosPLnurzdLmH9jT4caj4QXw34y1zx34x8RalrWu+NvGfxA/wCEo1vRvFPjDxtrnhPX/Dy+L9WbRrgDd4NTXYh8F/DoElv8IG8PeF38A/Y18MW4p/wf/Yq+DnwVvvD2o6HJ498V3/gu21KDwgPiL4+8QeMrPwo+ryazNrGq6Bo2s3H/AAj6eIfEk2uawL/xRc2reLrmHxH4ltpvFckVxLDQB8GaN+zp+2h+1Hqvjn4yfFPxpN4C+H3iTxKB4G/Zf8car4wXwL8TfhgdW83RdJ+OHgbQDG3gbw8fDroJPDNtFJ4z8bTz+X8eM+B1n+CsXN+N/hb+3t+0D8cPGWi+MPBGg/Dbw14f8N+Hfh9o+peHvF+s6d8KoPA+saZ/bHiI6D42k8NxfEvx8niudlTxx8MvCvhDwRY+K49C8K+CfH/jy3svB6v4v/eaigD8w/2RPBnwI/ZR0T4ofDvWNY8PeEvHXwj1bVrbxz458eeJ9K07VNc+EL6rNrPwn8RNrevvHa6L8N4fDfiNPDQtvDq+G/BPhLxxoHiPwdb28M1iHm/Smwv7DVbG21OwuLe/stQtVurS6twGS7sZEDIyMfvKRIpx8uScFVJIHnvjn4M/Cb4kav4e8Q+Pvhn4D8ceIPCNw114Z1PxX4R0bxBqGhyMDvfSZ9Xgd7ZySSJI3VQx3KocDHqtAH58eOPgT8Y/jX+0N431zxT4gPw9+AcHhHwz4I0W48KauZfid47053bX/HGj6JrKlR8IvDXinxD/AGH4d8drbPJ4v8ZRfD/w59mm8KRIkr+2/EH4Fxat4T8Gad8LbrTvhf4p+EGB8IdRs9KLeHtAsk0f+wz4M1nSYzA+q/D3xDosaxeJ/DsBhxLb+HrsSNc+GLaVfpqvl74u/FXxHHrkHwa+DB0fVfjV4msze3F1qVtJqHh74S+FvMZX+JPjmKMbQCB5fgPwqqC58Z+MHii8u28GW/jLxr4QAPmL4rfGL9uzw9rWg/Dbwdov7KOrfF3x0YG8N+HrTVPi7qi+FfDMFxnXfif43DxeFpNE+H/hhIY4i7Av4z8WtH4Is2inZpB9FfCP9mzTvBev3fxX+ImvXXxR+PviCzj0/WfiVr8DRQaBpbzjV5vBfwu0UAH4cfDoN5yJ4Ztpnmum/eeMLvxXII5X7X4R/BPwt8J49UvLa/1vxV468XXUeoePfiT4vnj1Px1431VQuz+1tZMZkh8P+HUuWtPCPhLw8YvCXg62SSOzt42eaevf6AOT1vQtE8TQQ6dr2m2GtWFrq2maxBb6lax38cer6BrNvrmhamNxDRzeH9c0xJrf5vkeJCz9Vfz7xJ+z98CPGGr3/ifxh8FfhP4o8RagirqmveI/h94R1vVbxVUKvmatrGhSSyjHVt43HBLZ5r22vJfil8TdA+EvhC88Y+IPtV+Ir/TtG0HQdJs/t3iTxZ4l1+RdJ8P+ENC00APLr3iTXpBbWsca/vSxDkJHI8IB5d491/Qvgb4e8OfDf4H+APCVr8QvG95qejfDL4c6DouneHvDzPGYpNf8aa1D4dEbaB4A8INq3/CT+NPEwtz5olg8IW8v/CceL/CVrd+g/CH4ZaL8KfDaaJp91PrmvazeXXiDxt411KGWLxL448a6p5Z17xdravEqLJOWjWK38xoPDdrDD4atGMUaIOS+Dnwy1/Tb/V/it8Ugt58ZviDDYvrP2O+OoaR4C8MQyR/2D8K/BWxn/wCJB4aWaObxd4hUpJ438WpP4yn2wjwvYeFfpegAooooAKKKKACiiigAooooAKKKKACiiigAooooAKKKKACiiigDx74xeKvEXhDwDr+reFdGHiXxXc3GjeHvB+iosy2d54o8Qa3pHh3QW1/a6tB4bTxBq0Mvi6aF1dPC8dxLHIrx+Ycz4OfCqx+FXh8239pXHivxf4k1OfxR8RfHmrWC6XrXjjxvrTJJrGu6nBFNMNGhUOlr4R8MK0lt4S8LQ2vhG1CQxwyP7pRQAUUUUAcx4i8TaF4Q0LWfFPiTVrbR9B8O6Tqetazqd7iOx0/TNFV5tX1KYrkqsMW8tklsA7Vbcwb5t+FvhvXPix4z0/8AaL+IOk3Wk2GnWmp2HwB8AazbhNS8CeG9ZLR6z8S9Y2iQJ8Q/ihonlxiAlH8E+Cpm8FxyNceKfGyXFXXl1j46/FfUvBcktjB8Efg34o8L3vjZjIJtT+JnxQ0XyvG+ieDFCmFYfAHwweTwZ4m8Xybn/wCEt8XSL4Hd4YPCPjSz8WfYdABRRRQAUUUUAFFFFABRRRQAUUUUAFFFFABRRRQAUUUUAFFFFABRRRQAUUUUAFFFFAHzD+yf/wAk08Sf9nBftRf+tE/FWvp6iigAooooAKKKKACiiigAooooA//Z\" width=\"200\" height=\"65\" alt=\"\" style=\"-aw-left-pos:0pt; -aw-rel-hpos:column; -aw-rel-vpos:paragraph; -aw-top-pos:0pt; -aw-wrap-type:inline\" /><br /><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:'WASP 39 L'; font-size:8pt; vertical-align:sub\">*F0Z0HRNT5C061*</span><br /><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:5.33pt; vertical-align:sub\">F0Z0HRNT5C061</span><br /><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:5.33pt; vertical-align:sub\">OSVALDO [Nombre3]</span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:5.33pt; vertical-align:sub; -aw-import:spaces\">&#xa0; </span><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:5.33pt; vertical-align:sub\">- JUDGE/DECISION-MAKER</span></p></td><td style=\"padding-right:5.65pt; padding-left:5.65pt; vertical-align:top\"><p style=\"margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:justify; line-height:150%; font-size:8pt\"><span style=\"line-height:150%; font-family:Arial; font-size:5.33pt; vertical-align:sub\">&#xa0;</span></p></td><td style=\"padding-right:5.65pt; padding-left:5.65pt; vertical-align:top\"><p style=\"margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:justify; line-height:150%; font-size:12pt\"><img 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Documento PJEDITOR * *121004760297CI** * * INFORMACIÓN POSESORIA PROMOVENTE:

ASOCIACION DE DESARROLLO INTEGRAL DE JICARTO Y PUERTO SECO DE VENADO DE SAN CARLOS * * Sentencia N°* 574-2020-CI* * * * TRIBUNAL DE APELACIÓN CIVIL Y DE TRABAJO DE ALAJUELA (SEDE ALAJUELA) (Materia Civil). A las diez horas treinta y dos minutos del treinta de junio de dos mil veinte.* * * * Expediente* Nº* 12-100476-0297-CI. PROCESO DE INFORMACIÓN POSESORIA tramitado en el Juzgado Civil del Segundo Circuito Judicial de Alajuela (San Carlos), promovido por ASOCIACIÓN DE DESARROLLO INTEGRAL DE JICARTO Y PUERTO SECO DE VENADO DE SAN CARLOS, representada por [Nombre1] y patrocinada por el abogado Ricardo Reyes Cálix como apoderado especial judicial. Intervienen el Estado por medio de la Procuraduría General de la República, representada por Lydiana Rodríguez Paniagua; la Municipalidad de San Carlos y el Instituto de Desarrollo Rural, antes Instituto de Desarrollo Agrario, representado por su apoderada general judicial Carmelina Vargas Hidalgo.* * Conoce este Tribunal del proceso, ante recurso de apelación con nulidad conjunta de la promovente contra la sentencia N° 2019000554 de las diez horas dos minutos del veintinueve de noviembre de dos mil diecinueve, que desestimó su solicitud de titulación.* * Redacta el juez González Molina, y;* * * CONSIDERANDO:* * * * I.* La promovente apela la sentencia N° 2019000554 de las diez horas dos minutos del veintinueve de noviembre de dos mil diecinueve, cuya parte dispositiva dice: “En razón de lo anterior, se RECHAZA la presente información posesoria.- Se acoge la oposición de la Procuradora Adjunta, en donde expresa oposición a la titulación solicitada en el presente proceso no contencioso, por lo que de conformidad con los artículos 8, 9 y 10 de la Ley de Informaciones Posesorias, se ordenar el archivo del expediente, y se tiene por agotada la vía administrativa; se remite a la parte titulante para que proceda como corresponda ante la Vía Contencioso-Administrativo.-...” (sic).* * II.* Proceso de titulación supletoria, estimado en cuatro millones de colones y promovido por la Asociación de Desarrollo Integral de Jicarto y Puerto Seco de Venado de San Carlos, para inscribir en el Registro Nacional dos inmuebles que afirma ha venido poseyendo, situados en Venado de San Carlos de Alajuela, uno utilizado como plaza de deportes o futbol comunal y el otro de cementerio. Se confirió audiencia al Estado, la Municipalidad de San Carlos y el Instituto de Desarrollo Rural (INDER) antes Instituto de Desarrollo Agrario (IDA). El Estado, mediante la Procuraduría General de la República (PGR) se opuso a la titulación del inmueble descrito en el plano catastrado numero A-1338143-2009, * * III.* En breve, ante oposición parcial de la PGR y por apreciación de oficio, el Juzgado consideró que aunque en términos generales la titulante cumple con los requisitos para acceder a una inscripción supletoria sobre las fincas que ha venido poseyendo -utilizada una como plaza comunal de deportes o de futbol y la otra de cementerio-, la gestión no es procedente al tratarse de bienes demaniales, por lo que dio por agotada la vía administrativa y envío a la interesada a la competencia contencioso administrativa. La apelante aduce que la Ley sobre desarrollo de la comunidad Nº 3859 da legitimación y derecho a la entidad, como organización popular o comunal de desarrollo de sus proyectos, para obtener la titulación de los inmuebles para el uso público (cita artículos 15 y 19), tales como las plazas de futbol que no son municipales o que al menos a la Municipalidad no le interesa tenerlas bajo su administración como en este caso; como también lo autoriza la Ley de Asociaciones Nº 218 (canon 26). Que la Municipalidad de San Carlos manifestó que no se opone. Que la primera ley citada autoriza a la Municipalidad a donar bienes, así como obligan al Estado a sufragar las necesidades y servicios a los mismos pueblos; a los que como comunidades facultan para administrar los bienes del Estado. Que la plaza de futbol no está inventariada como bien municipal ni a la Corporación le interesa, tampoco está adscrito a un comité cantonal de deportes y puede pertenecer a un ente privado y ser administrado por este mismo, conforme lo mencionan los numerales 164 y 171 del Código Municipal. Caso de la promovente, que tiene más de veinte años de poseerlo y administrarlo en exclusiva, sin recurrir y sin contar con bienes municipales para su existencia. Mientras no sea un bien declarado municipal o adscrito al mismo, puede ser inscrito a nombre de un tercero sin perjuicio de poder pertenecer a la Municipalidad o dado en administración a esta. Y en cuanto a lo que califica de punto principal del rechazo de las diligencias, el argumento de que el asunto debe ser resuelto por el Tribunal contencioso administrativo, reclama que la competencia está asignada al Juzgado del lugar donde está situada la finca por el artículo 30 del Código Procesal Civil ley Nº 7130. Que la PGR se apersonó y no cuestionó los procedimientos ni la competencia y ni siquiera el juzgador quien tenía la facultad para hacerlo se dio cuenta sino seis años después al emitir sentencia, cuando ya se le había prorrogado aún si fuere incompetente. Por lo que solicita se anule la sentencia y se ordene al Juzgado aprobar las diligencias de titulación. Cita los artículos 5° de la Ley de Informaciones Posesorias y 34 del Código Procesal Civil anterior, ley Nº 7130 hoy parcialmente derogada.* * IV.* Se avalan las consideraciones sobre los hechos tenidos por acreditados, al no ser objeto de impugnación.* * * * * * * * * * * * * * V.* Se trata de un asunto de puro derecho, al estar fuera de controversia el marco fáctico verificado por el Juzgado. En particular, la naturaleza de bienes demaniales de los inmuebles objeto de la titulación frustrada por el Juzgado. De entrada, se rechaza la nulidad solicitada porque no se invoca ni constata indefensión que la justifique y el Juzgado ha expuesto una fundamentación suficiente que permite su comprensión para la parte disconforme y la revisión del órgano de apelación (artículos 28.1, 32.1, 61.2 y 67.6 del Código Procesal Civil). Ahora bien, los artículos 164 y 171 del Código Municipal son los hoy los 173 y 180 (por numeración corrida ordenada en el artículo 1° de la ley N° 9542 "Ley de Fortalecimiento de la Policía Municipal" del 23 de abril del 2018) y hablan del comité cantonal y de los comités comunales de deportes y recreación, el primero con personería jurídica instrumental y los segundos adscritos a aquel. Y de que las municipalidades, el Instituto Costarricense del Deporte y la Recreación (ICODER), las instituciones públicas y las organizaciones comunales quedan autorizadas para ceder la administración de sus instalaciones deportivas y recreativas a los comités cantonales de deportes. Pero a primera vista de ninguno se deriva la interpretación de la apelante de que una asociación de desarrollo comunal (o “ADI”, entidad de derecho privado) puede apropiarse de bienes demaniales, por más noble que sea el interés público o social que se busca satisfacer con la titulación de una plaza de futbol y de un cementerio. Ni los objetivos y fines tutelados por la Ley de Asociaciones ni la específica Ley sobre desarrollo de la comunidad Nº 3859 tampoco lo autorizan.* * VI.* De acuerdo con el artículo 261 del Código Civil, son cosas públicas las que por ley están destinadas de un modo permanente a cualquier servicio de utilidad general, y aquellas de que todos pueden aprovecharse por estar entregadas al uso público. Todas las demás cosas son privadas y objeto de propiedad particular, aunque pertenezcan al Estado o a los Municipios, quienes para el caso, como personas civiles, no se diferencian de cualquier otra persona. Bienes públicos que están fuera del comercio y no podrán entrar en él mientras legalmente no se disponga así, separándolos del uso público a que estaban destinados, según manda el numeral 262 del mismo Código. Los que tampoco pueden ser embargados por estar destinados al uso y aprovechamiento común (170 inciso 1 del Código Procesal Contencioso Administrativo ley N°* 8508). Y en especial, en cuanto concierne a los espacios deportivos o de recreación comunal, el dominio municipal sobre las áreas de plazas u otros espacios abiertos de uso público general se constituye por ese mismo uso, a tenor del canon 44 de la Ley de Planificación Urbana Nº 4240. En lo que toca a los cementerios, el decreto ejecutivo N° 32833 de Reglamento General de Cementerios, establece en el artículo 55 que todos los cementerios nacionales se considerarán patrimonio público, sujetos a sus leyes y reglamentos, inalienables, secularizados y no podrán ser suprimidos sino por razones de orden público, previo criterio técnico y autorización del Ministerio. Es decir, en este contexto no duda el Tribunal de apelación que las zonas deportivas destinadas al disfrute público como las plazas de futbol y los camposantos de uso comunal son bienes demaniales o de dominio público, al estar afectados a servicios de utilidad general. Y que las asociaciones de desarrollo integral de las comunidades distritales, cantonales, regionales, provinciales o nacionales, como cualquier otro sujeto de derecho privado, pueden adquirir bienes para la consecución de sus fines, de interés social para los pueblos a cuya satisfacción van dirigidos sus proyectos. Pero esto no significa que tengan acceso privilegiado sobre el resto de los particulares para adquirir o titular a su nombre bienes de uso colectivo cuyo régimen de propiedad o dominio está reservado exclusivamente por la Constitución Política (121 inciso 14) y las leyes que la reglamentan al Estado, sus instituciones autónomas y a las Municipalidades. Ni es relevante el desinterés o la anuencia de la corporación municipal, pues no tiene poder de disposición sobre la materia sin ley previa que la autorice en relación con las fincas objeto de estas diligencias.* * VII.* Luego, con la expresión de “agotamiento de la vía administrativa” y la remisión de la asociación interesada a la competencia contencioso-administrativa el Juzgado no ha abdicado de su competencia natural, como lo supone la apelante, sino que, aunque con estilo impropio (porque el agotamiento de vía previsto en el numeral 8° en relación con el 5° de la Ley de Informaciones Posesorias es decisión interlocutoria de terminación anticipada sin dictamen sustantivo), en realidad simplemente ha dado por concluida, tras evacuación de prueba y audiencia final, la actividad judicial no contenciosa con sentencia desestimatoria, “improbando” por el fondo la solicitud (artículos 10 y 11 de es misma ley) e invitando a la promovente a litigar en proceso netamente jurisdiccional, si a bien lo tiene deducir una pretensión material contra el Estado oponente, habida cuenta de que el presente procedimiento es para obtener la titulación supletoria de inmuebles de dominio privado sin inscribir, no para usucapir o adquirir de algún otro modo bienes de titularidad pública. Debe el Juzgado eso sí tomar nota de la distinción de trámites, para evitar discusiones bizantinas pero que dan al traste con el tiempo de resolución del conflicto sometido a su conocimiento, como ya había sido advertido en sentencia anulatoria de este Tribunal Nº 399-18 de las 15:55 horas del 11 de octubre de 2018, a cuyos razonamientos nos remitimos para evitar reiteraciones innecesarias. Motivos para prohijar la resolución venida en alzada.* * * POR TANTO:* * Se desestima la nulidad pedida y se confirma la sentencia.* * * José* Miguel González Molina* * * Osvaldo López Mora * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Edgar Echegaray Rodríguez* Jueces* JSOLORZANOC* *F0Z0HRNT5C061* JOSE [Nombre2] - JUEZ/A DECISOR/A *F0Z0HRNT5C061* OSVALDO [Nombre3] - JUEZ/A DECISOR/A *F0Z0HRNT5C061* EDGAR [Nombre4] - JUEZ/A DECISOR/A * * *