RTCR 459: 2011 "Requirements for the Double Seam in Metal Containers for Canned Fishery Products" 1. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this Technical Regulation is to establish the requirements for the double seam in metal containers for canned fishery products in a manner that ensures the hermetic seal and thus guarantees the safety of the packaged product.
2. SCOPE OF APPLICATION It applies to establishments processing canned fishery products that use the double seam for the lid and to the manufacturers that supply containers with a double seam.
3. REFERENCES:
This Technical Regulation is supplemented by the following technical regulation: Executive Decree N° 36463, RTCR 443:2010 Metrology. Measurement Units International System (SI), published in La Gaceta N° 56 of March 21, 2011.
4. DEFINITIONS 4.1 Seam height: This is the dimension measured parallel to the hooks of the seam.
4.2 Tightness: Degree of contact among the five layers of tinplate that make up the seam; three correspond to thicknesses of the lid and two to thicknesses of the body. It is also known as compactness.
4.3 Double Seam: The part of the container formed by the union of the ends of the body and of the lid or end, hooked together in such a way that they create a strong, compact, and hermetic structure.
4.4 Metal container: A rigid metal receptacle with material thickness less than 0.50 mm, whose seams must be closed by means of a double seam, between the container body and the lid, after filling, being hermetic to prevent contamination of the contents by microorganisms once processed.
4.5 Seam thickness: This is the maximum distance measured across or perpendicularly through the layers of material in the seam.
4.6 Structure of the double seam: It consists of three thicknesses of the lid or the end, and two thicknesses of the body tinplate. The thicknesses are arranged in parallel.
4.7 Lid hook or end hook: The part of the lid or end that is bent between the body and the body hook to form the double seam. Its origin is the curl of the lid or end.
4.8 Body hook: The part of the flange of the container body that is bent between the lid or end and the lid hook to form the seam.
4.9 Degree of tightness: This is the degree of wrinkling of the lid hook; the wrinkles serve to indicate the degree of adjustment of the seam.
4.10 Visual Inspection: This is a visual examination where the external elements of the double seam of each container are examined.
4.11 Destructive inspection: Dismantling of the double seam for the purpose of measuring the different layers that comprise it.
4.12 Penetration of the body hook: The part of the flange of the container body that is bent between the lid or end and the lid hook to form the seam.
4.13 Countersink depth: The distance from the outer edge of the seam to the bottom of the countersink.
4.14 Cut Seam: This is a double seam fractured in which the outer layer of the seam is fractured.
4.15 Sharp Seam: This refers to a sharp edge on the internal upper part of the seam, either on the side seam of the soldered can or around the lid on any type of can.
4.16 False Seam: This is a seam or part of a seam that is completely unhooked and in which the folded hook of the lid is compressed against the folded hook of the body.
4.17 Seam defective due to slippage: This is an incomplete seam caused by the chuck slipping on the countersink of the lid during the seaming operation.
Seam with a droop: This is a smooth projection of the double seam below the lowest part of a normal seam.
4.18 Overlap: The percentage between the overlap length and the internal length of the seam.
4.19 Overlap length: The distance between the ends of the lid or end hook and the body hook overlapping. It is also known as overlap.
5. SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS For the purposes of this Regulation, the following shall be understood:
5.1 mm: millimeters 5.2 %: percentage 5.3 LH: lid hook 5.4 BH: body hook 5.5 T: thickness of the lid 5.6 W: width of the seam (height, length) 6. SPECIFICATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS 6.1 The formation of the double seam in metal containers must have measurements that guarantee the hermeticity of the seam, in accordance with the type of container and format, and must comply with what is indicated in Table 1.
6.2 The establishment must guarantee the effectiveness of the double seam by using a scientifically recognized methodology such as: seam micrometer, seam projector, seam magnifier, and any other recognized and validated one.
6.3 The evaluation of the double seam of the containers must be carried out at intervals not exceeding 30 minutes by trained personnel, via visual inspection. The aspects to evaluate via visual inspection are: cut or sharp seams, seams defective due to slippage, false seams, seams with droops at the overlap or side seam, and the condition of the inside of the countersink wall of the lid to determine if the chuck is broken.
Table 1 - Requirements according to container type
| Measurement | Measured Diameter | Nominal Measurement | Operational Limit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Body Hook Length | 202 | 1.88 +/- 0.050 | 1.88 +/- 0.20 |
| 207-401 | 1.98 +/- 0.050 | 1.98 +/- 0.20 | |
| 404-502 | 2.03 +/- 0.050 | 2.03 +/- 0.20 | |
| 603 | 2.08 +/- 0.050 | 2.08 +/- 0.25 | |
| Lid Hook Length | 202 | -- | 1.62 Min. |
| 207-401 | -- | 1.77 Min. | |
| 404-502 | -- | 1.78 Min. | |
| 603 | -- | 1.83 Min. | |
| Overlap length | 202 | -- | 0.89 Min. |
| 207-401 | -- | 1.02 Min. | |
| 404-502 | -- | 1.02 Min. | |
| 603 | -- | 1.14 Min. | |
| Tightness | 202 | 80-95% | 70-95% |
| 207-401 | 90-95% | 80-95% | |
| 404-502 | 90-95% | 80-95% | |
| 603 | 90-95% | 80-95% | |
| Penetration of the Body Hook | 202 | 75-85% | 70-95% |
| 207-401 | 75-85% | 70-95% | |
| 404-502 | 75-85% | 70-95% | |
| 603 | 75-85% | 75-95% |
6.4 Additional visual inspections must be performed on the seams in cases of jamming in a sealing machine, after an adjustment of a sealing machine, or after starting a machine following a prolonged stoppage.
6.5 The teardowns (destructive inspection) of the double seams must be performed by trained personnel at a frequency not exceeding four hours. The results of the evaluations must be recorded in writing, in addition to the corrective actions taken, if any.
6.6 The mandatory measurements on the double seams of the cans shall be made in accordance with Tables 2 and 3.
Table 2. Measurement system with micrometer
| Mandatory |
|---|
| Lid Hook |
| Body Hook |
| Width (length, height) |
| Degrees of Tightness (observation by wrinkles) |
| Thickness |
Table 3. Projector or magnifier of the seam
| Mandatory |
|---|
| Body Hook |
| Overlap length |
| Thickness from micrometer |
| Degrees of Tightness (observation by wrinkles) |
6.7. In case a seam projector or magnifier is used, two measurements must be taken at different points, excluding the side seam, for each characteristic of the double seam. When a micrometer is used, three measurements must be taken at points separated by approximately 120 °, excluding the side seam.
6.8. The overlap length can be calculated using the following formula:
The theoretical length of the overlap: LH + BH + T - W 7. METHODS OF ANALYSIS:
The methods of analysis shall be: seam micrometer, seam projector, seam magnifier, or any other method evaluated and recognized by SENASA.
8. VERIFICATION This Regulation shall be verified by the National Animal Health Service of the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock, through verification of the establishments processing canned fishery products in compliance with the provisions of this Regulation and the legislation that empowers it, and with the internal procedures established by SENASA.
9. CONCORDANCE This Regulation coincides basically with the following standards and recommendations:
9.1 FDA Regulations 21 CFR Part 113:
9.2 Temperature-Indicating Devices, Thermally Processed Low-Acid Foods Packaged in Hermetically Sealed Containers.
9.3 Thermally Processed Low-Acid Foods Packaged in Hermetically Sealed Containers.
10. BIBLIOGRAPHY 10.1 S.O.I.V.R.E. (Official Service for Inspection, Surveillance and Regulation of Foreign Trade). seams and defects of metal containers for food products. State Secretariat of Commerce. Madrid, Spain 1988.
10.2 Donald L. Downing. A Complete Course in Canning, 13th edition, Book II, USA, 1996.
10.3 SEFEL. Sefel Recommendation N°1, Interchangeability of the seaming of lids (NEO) for three-piece steel containers for food, seamed on straight or necked bodies. First and second part. France. 1999.
10.4 Mexico. General Directorate of Standards. NMX-EE-09-NORMEX-2004 Container and Packaging- Metals-Cylindrical Sanitary Tinplate Containers for food-Measurement of defects-Test method. 2004.
10.5 Mexico. General Directorate of Standards. NMX-EE-126-NORMEX-2004 Container and Packaging- Metals-Cylindrical Sanitary Tinplate Containers for food- Seam evaluation- Test method. 2004 10.6 Can Manufacturers Institute, Voluntary Can and End Dimension Reference Manual, USA, 2004.
10.7 GMA Science and Education Foundation. Canned Foods: Principles of Thermal Processing, Acidification and Evaluation of Container Closures. Washington, USA, 2007.