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Res. 37715-2024 Sala Constitucional · Sala Constitucional · 20/12/2024
OutcomeResultado
The Chamber partially granted the amparo, solely due to the delay in preparing the senior management's project status report, ordering AyA to complete it within six months; all other claims were dismissed.La Sala declaró parcialmente con lugar el amparo, exclusivamente por la demora en la elaboración del informe de la administración superior con el estado de los proyectos, ordenando al AyA finalizarlo en seis meses; en lo demás, se declara sin lugar.
SummaryResumen
The Constitutional Chamber reviews an amparo appeal against the Costa Rican Institute of Aqueducts and Sewers (AyA) for alleged inaction in the execution of the San José Metropolitan Area Environmental Improvement Project (PMAAMSJ). The appellant claimed dereliction of duty by AyA's Executive Presidency and General Management for failing to sign approved financings and not guaranteeing completion by 2028, as well as disobedience of a prior Chamber ruling and lack of response to an information request. The Chamber partially grants the appeal, solely regarding the delay in preparing a project status report that will guide continuity measures. It orders AyA to complete that document and action plan within six months. The remaining claims are dismissed, as they pertain to ordinary legality, lack of standing, or because the right of petition does not cover requests for a meeting.La Sala Constitucional conoce un recurso de amparo interpuesto contra el Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados (AyA) por la presunta inacción en la ejecución del Proyecto de Mejoramiento Ambiental del Área Metropolitana de San José (PMAAMSJ). El recurrente alegó incumplimiento de deberes por parte de la Presidencia Ejecutiva y la Gerencia General del AyA, al no suscribir financiamientos aprobados y no garantizar la finalización de las obras para 2028, además de desobediencia a una sentencia previa de la Sala y falta de respuesta a una solicitud de información. La Sala declara parcialmente con lugar el recurso, únicamente en cuanto a la demora en la elaboración de un informe sobre el estado de los proyectos que debe servir de base para adoptar medidas de continuidad. Ordena al AyA finalizar dicho documento y plan de acción en seis meses. Los demás reclamos se declaran sin lugar, por tratarse de aspectos de legalidad ordinaria, falta de legitimación o por no constituir el derecho de petición una solicitud de audiencia.
Key excerptExtracto clave
Without prejudice to the foregoing, in light of the information provided by the respondent authority and given the relevance of the project in question under Article 50 of the Constitution, this Chamber finds that there is uncertainty as to how the project's development will continue, given the financial obstacles that the respondent Institute itself acknowledges, which have necessitated the preparation of a project status report in order to establish decision-making regarding them; however, the report submitted to this Chamber does not show a definite date for the completion of the document referred to by the respondent authority, which would allow us to consider that the project's execution will not suffer further setbacks despite the situation described. Therefore, this part of the appeal must be accepted under the terms set forth in the operative portion.Sin perjuicio de lo anterior, visto lo informado por la autoridad recurrida y dada la relevancia del proyecto en cuestión conforme lo dispuesto en el numeral 50 constitucional, estima esta Sala que existe una incertidumbre respecto a la forma en que se continuará con el desarrollo del proyecto, dados los obstáculos financieros que el mismo Instituto recurrido admite y que han llevado a la necesidad de la elaboración de un informe con el estado de los proyectos, con el fin de establecer la toma de decisiones respecto a estos; sin embargo, no se extrae del informe rendido a esta Sala, que exista una fecha cierta para la finalización de la confección del documento al cual hace referencia la autoridad accionada y que permita, considerar que la ejecución del proyecto no sufrirá mayores contratiempos pese a la situación expuesta. Por lo anterior, este extremo del recurso debe acogerse en los términos que se indican en la parte dispositiva.
Pull quotesCitas destacadas
"la falta de ejecución de acuerdos adoptados por la autoridad recurrida, así como el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones emitidas por la Contraloría General de la República, son reclamos que deben ser planteados ante esas mismas instancias o bien, ante la vía de legalidad competente, por tratarse de aspectos de legalidad ordinaria no dirimibles en esta sede constitucional."
"the failure to execute agreements adopted by the respondent authority, as well as compliance with recommendations issued by the Comptroller General of the Republic, are claims that must be raised before those same bodies or through the competent ordinary courts, as they are matters of ordinary legality not resolvable in this constitutional forum."
Considerando V
"la falta de ejecución de acuerdos adoptados por la autoridad recurrida, así como el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones emitidas por la Contraloría General de la República, son reclamos que deben ser planteados ante esas mismas instancias o bien, ante la vía de legalidad competente, por tratarse de aspectos de legalidad ordinaria no dirimibles en esta sede constitucional."
Considerando V
"no se extrae del informe rendido a esta Sala, que exista una fecha cierta para la finalización de la confección del documento al cual hace referencia la autoridad accionada y que permita, considerar que la ejecución del proyecto no sufrirá mayores contratiempos pese a la situación expuesta."
"the report submitted to this Chamber does not show a definite date for the completion of the document referred to by the respondent authority, which would allow us to consider that the project's execution will not suffer further setbacks despite the situation described."
Considerando V
"no se extrae del informe rendido a esta Sala, que exista una fecha cierta para la finalización de la confección del documento al cual hace referencia la autoridad accionada y que permita, considerar que la ejecución del proyecto no sufrirá mayores contratiempos pese a la situación expuesta."
Considerando V
"la solicitud de audiencia ante la recurrida para tratar determinados temas -como en este caso- no se ajusta al contenido del derecho de petición y pronta resolución regulados por los artículos 27 y 41, de la Constitución Política, de modo que el hecho de que no se le haya indicado a la amparada nada sobre la audiencia solicitada no constituye lesión a los citados artículos de la Constitución Política."
"a request for a meeting with the respondent to discuss certain issues - as in this case - does not fall within the scope of the right of petition and prompt resolution regulated by Articles 27 and 41 of the Political Constitution, so the fact that the appellant was not informed about the requested meeting does not constitute a violation of said constitutional articles."
Considerando VI
"la solicitud de audiencia ante la recurrida para tratar determinados temas -como en este caso- no se ajusta al contenido del derecho de petición y pronta resolución regulados por los artículos 27 y 41, de la Constitución Política, de modo que el hecho de que no se le haya indicado a la amparada nada sobre la audiencia solicitada no constituye lesión a los citados artículos de la Constitución Política."
Considerando VI
Full documentDocumento completo
Constitutional Chamber Date of Resolution: December 20, 2024, at 09:30 Case File: 24-023521-0007-CO Type of Matter: Amparo appeal Relevance Indicators Relevant judgment Judgment with protected data, in accordance with current regulations Content of Interest:
Strategic Topics: Human Rights, Economic Social Cultural and Environmental Rights Type of Content: Majority vote Branch of Law: 4. GUARANTEE MATTERS Topic: PUBLIC SERVICES Subtopics:
DRINKING WATER.
Topic: PROMPT RESOLUTION Subtopics:
ADMINISTRATIVE DELAY..
037715-24. PUBLIC SERVICES. PROMPT RESOLUTION. IT IS ALLEGED THAT THE EXECUTIVE PRESIDENT OF THE INSTITUTE OF AQUEDUCTS AND SEWERS HAS FAILED TO COMPLY WITH TWO LAWS AND DIRECTIVES OF THE COMPTROLLER GENERAL OF THE REPUBLIC, WHICH ORDER THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT PROJECT OF THE METROPOLITAN AREA OF SAN JOSÉ. THE APPEAL HAS BEEN DECLARED PARTIALLY WITH MERIT, SOLELY DUE TO THE DELAY IN THE PREPARATION OF THE SENIOR MANAGEMENT REPORT ON THE STATUS OF THE PROJECTS, ON THE BASIS OF WHICH THE NECESSARY MEASURES WILL BE ADOPTED TO ENSURE THEIR CONTINUITY. THE COSTA RICAN INSTITUTE OF AQUEDUCTS AND SEWERS IS ORDERED TO, WITHIN A PERIOD OF SIX MONTHS, COMPLETE THE PREPARATION OF THE DOCUMENT AND ACTION PLAN TO BE REPORTED TO THIS CHAMBER. VCG01/2025 "(…) III.- REGARDING THE ALLEGED FAILURE TO FULFILL DUTIES. - The petitioner alleges that the executive president and the General Manager of AyA have failed to comply with the mandates of Laws 8559 and 9167, as well as with what was ordered by the Board of Directors of AyA and the Comptroller General of the Republic.
In this regard, it is necessary to advise the petitioner that if he believes the respondent authorities have failed to observe the duties inherent to the positions they hold, since—according to the petitioner—the former has not signed the financing agreements approved in the aforementioned agreements to guarantee the continuity of the Environmental Improvement Project of the Metropolitan Area of San José and the Drinking Water and Sanitation Program, and the latter has not guaranteed the completion of the Project by the year 2028 as ordered, according to the regulations governing such cases, this essentially constitutes a complaint that is not for this Jurisdiction to hear, since the investigation and subsequent sanction—if applicable—of a public authority that has not fulfilled the duties assigned to it by law, falls to other judicial instances (criminal) or before the Executive Presidency of the ICAA, so you may raise your disagreement with the corresponding authorities of the respondents or report the fact for failure to fulfill duties before the respective jurisdictional avenue, so that what is legally appropriate may be resolved. For the foregoing reasons, this part of the appeal must be declared without merit.
2007-05894 OF 11:58 HRS ON APRIL 27, 2007.- On the other hand, it alleges disobedience of what was ordered by this Chamber in judgment No. 2007-05894 of 11:58 hours on April 27, 2007. In this regard, it is worth indicating to the petitioner that, as he is not listed as a plaintiff, nor even as an intervening party, within case file No. 04-008123-0007-CO, in which the pronouncement he claims has been disregarded was issued, he lacks standing to file the presumed non-compliance proceeding, and consequently, this part of the appeal must be dismissed.
V.REGARDING THE PETITIONER'S CLAIM.- In the case at hand, the petitioner requests that the respondent authority be ordered to manage and coordinate the continuity not only of Stage 1 of the Environmental Improvement Project of the Metropolitan Area of San José, but also of Stage 2 of the Improvement so that secondary treatment of wastewater is provided, taking precautions within its budget, personnel, and directives instructed by the Comptroller General of the Republic, the Board of Directors of the ICAA, so that the necessary budget items are available for the generation of these public health works. In this regard, it has been proven that, since 2007, the respondent authority has been executing the Environmental Improvement Project of the Metropolitan Area of San José (PMAAMSJ), within which there are already significant advances such as the construction of the Los Tajos Wastewater Treatment Plant inaugurated in 2015, the connection of the wastewater collectors of the Torres, Rivera, and María Aguilar rivers in 2015 and 2016, as well as extension, rehabilitation, and replacement works for collectors and networks necessary to carry wastewater from the Metropolitan Area of San José to the Los Tajos Wastewater Treatment Plant.
Likewise, it is established that in Ordinary Session No. 2022-29 (Agreement No. 2022-263) of May 31, 2022, the Board of Directors of the ICCA agreed to the following: "1. The update of the cost of project 000043 for the Environmental Improvement of the Metropolitan Area of San José to an amount of US$506.75 million is approved, as well as the extension of the closing date to the year 2028. 2. The Planning Directorate is instructed to resume the issue of the new financing with the Banco Nacional de Costa Rica for the US$140 million and evaluate the suitable options for financing the remaining amount of US$74.55 million. Furthermore, the Institutional Head is authorized to negotiate and formalize financing for an amount of US$140 million dollars, through a public credit, and is empowered to carry out the necessary procedures before governmental entities for the approval of the project and the aforementioned respective financing. 3.
Delegate to the Administration the verification of compliance with the legal and technical provisions emanating from national legislation, which are applicable to the Institute, in the negotiations of financing for both national and external entities. 4. The General Management is instructed, in coordination with the Management of the Executing Unit of the Drinking Water and Sanitation Program, to send to this Office within a period of one month, a monitoring and follow-up proposal that guarantees that project 000043 for the Environmental Improvement of the Metropolitan Area of San José will be completed in the year 2028 without the possibility of extension." Furthermore, it is established that, as reported by the respondent authority, with the current status of the Project and with the completion of works related to the Tender for Construction and Improvements of Collectors and Subcollectors in the Rivera, Torres, María Aguilar, and Tiribí basins, approximately 76,272 users will be able to be connected, which entails a reduction in the sources of contamination of the Río Grande de Tárcoles.
Finally, it is established that, as reported by the respondent authority, in compliance with the legal provisions visible in Laws 8559 and 9167, it is preparing a report on the status of the projects, and once this analysis is completed, the corresponding actions will be taken for the financing and continuity of the projects, given that there is a legal commitment to fulfill their scope.
Thus, the claim must be partially granted for the following reasons: a) The petitioner seeks for this Chamber to order compliance with administrative provisions issued by the Board of Directors of the ICAA, as well as the Comptroller General of the Republic regarding the Environmental Improvement Project of the Metropolitan Area of San José. In this sense, it is worth indicating to the petitioner that the failure to execute agreements adopted by the respondent authority, as well as compliance with the recommendations issued by the Comptroller General of the Republic, are claims that must be raised before those same instances or, alternatively, before the competent legality avenue, as they are matters of ordinary legality not resolvable in this constitutional venue. In addition to the foregoing, it is verified that the project in question has been developed in stages and is scheduled to be completed in the year 2028; hence, the petitioner's claim would be premature as it is based on future and uncertain events.
Therefore, this allegation must be declared without merit in the appeal, as is hereby done. b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, in view of what was reported by the respondent authority and given the relevance of the project in question in accordance with the provisions of constitutional article 50, this Chamber considers that there is uncertainty regarding how the development of the project will continue, given the financial obstacles that the respondent Institute itself admits and that have led to the need to prepare a report on the status of the projects, in order to establish decision-making regarding them; however, it is not evident from the report submitted to this Chamber that there is a specific date for the completion of the drafting of the document to which the respondent authority refers, which would allow for the consideration that the execution of the project will not suffer further setbacks despite the situation presented. For the foregoing reason, this part of the appeal must be granted in the terms indicated in the operative part.
VI.REGARDING THE MOTION FILED ON JUNE 27, 2024.- Lastly, it states that through official communication SITRAA 2024-0097 of June 27, 2024, the Board of Directors of the respondent authority was requested to provide information on the Board of Directors' agreements that approved the project's final settlement, the formal communication of the closure, that a meeting space be created with members of the Board of Directors, the Executive Presidency, the General Management, Human Capital, and all workers of the PAPS Unit, in order for the administration to provide answers in this regard and provide a detailed report on what will happen with said Unit. It claims that, as of the date of filing this matter, no response has been given.
Having analyzed the arguments of the petitioner, it is appropriate to indicate that, although the right of petition, established in Article 27 of the Political Constitution, when understood in a broad sense, refers to the power of every citizen to address any public official or official entity in writing in order to raise a matter of their interest, the truth is that, as this Court has declared in resolutions such as judgment No. 2015005517 of 14:30 hours on April 21, 2015, it does not, for this reason, protect requests for a hearing such as the one the petitioner seeks in the note he claims was disregarded. Indeed, the Chamber has declared the following:
"... the request for a hearing before the respondent to discuss certain topics—as in this case—does not conform to the content of the right of petition and prompt resolution regulated by Articles 27 and 41 of the Political Constitution, so the fact that the protected party was not told anything about the requested hearing does not constitute a violation of the cited articles of the Political Constitution. The petitioner must bear in mind that the request made in that sense is not the exercise of the right of petition, and even less of the right to prompt and complete justice, but rather a simple request to be attended to by the respondent, a hearing which, in any case, will be determined according to the possibilities and activities of the respondent." (Judgment No. 2015005517 of 14:30 hours on April 21, 2015; the highlighting with underlining is not from the original).
Thus, it is not for this Chamber to hear that claim, as it is a matter of ordinary legality, and, therefore, the petitioner must resort to the respective legality avenue, in order to file there the motions deemed pertinent so that what is legally appropriate may be resolved. (…)” ... See more Related Judgments CONSTITUTIONAL CHAMBER OF THE SUPREME COURT OF JUSTICE. San José, at nine hours thirty minutes on December twenty, two thousand twenty-four.
Amparo appeal processed in case file No. 24-023521- 0007-CO, filed by [Name 001], identity card [Value 001], against the INSTITUTO COSTARRICENSE DE ACUEDUCTOS Y ALCANTARILLADOS.
Whereas:
It states that through Report DFOE-AE-IF-00009-2020 of December 2, 2020, the Office of the Comptroller General of the Republic instructed the Executive Presidency of AyA, in provision 4.5, as follows: "4.5 Establish and implement a strategy for addressing the collapses (colapsos) indicated in this report, as well as the works required for the connection of networks that remain unused due to being isolated from the system, and the future actions for the development of Stage II of the Los Tajos Wastewater Treatment Plant (biological processes), which at least includes the actions to be implemented in each case, their priority level, an implementation schedule, and responsible parties." It recounts that through official letter PRE-PAPS-2021-00452 of April 14, 2021, the Executive Presidency of AyA sent to the Office of the Comptroller General of the Republic the progress report on compliance with provision 4.5 of Report DFOE-AE-IF-00009-2020 "Operational audit report on the effectiveness and efficiency in the provision of wastewater sanitation service by AyA," wherein AyA committed to a schedule for the financing to be formalized, as well as the start and end of the works that will enable the objective of interconnecting all pipes already laid and those to be laid in the coming years, during the period 2021 to 2026.
It adds that, for its part, for the development of Stage II of the Los Tajos Wastewater Treatment Plant, it was proposed to implement a Public-Private Partnership. It indicates that through Agreement No. 2022-263 of March 31, 2022, adopted by the Board of Directors of AyA in Regular Session No. 2022-29, approval was given for the "Feasibility study for the San José Metropolitan Area Environmental Improvement Project," which within its considerations stated the following: "FIFTH: The feasibility study demonstrates that the Sanitary Sewer System of the Metropolitan Area has the financial capacity to repay the new loan at the current rate level, generating a positive Net Present Value and an internal rate of return higher than the cut-off rate established by MIDEPLAN for the evaluation of public investment projects. SIXTH: Because the San José Metropolitan Area Environmental Improvement Project is comprehensive, the consequences of failing to secure financing for the remaining works compromise the original scope of the Project, since after having invested hundreds of millions of dollars, the objectives included in the National Development Plan would not be achieved, the condition of direct discharge of wastewater into rivers would persist, causing a negative impact on the environment and the health of the inhabitants, and wasting the installed capacity of the Los Tajos Wastewater Treatment Plant to the detriment of the effectiveness and reasonableness of the public investment." It states that based on the foregoing, the Board of Directors of ICAA ordered as "Por tanto" the following points: "POR TANTO 1.
The cost update for project 000043, San José Metropolitan Area Environmental Improvement, is approved at an amount of US$506.75 million, as well as the extension of its closing date to the year 2028. 2. The Planning Directorate is instructed to resume the issue of new financing with the Banco Nacional de Costa Rica for US$140 million and to evaluate the suitable options for financing the remaining amount of US$74.55 million. Furthermore, the Institutional Head is authorized to negotiate and formalize financing for an amount of US$140 million, through a public credit, and is empowered to carry out the necessary procedures before government entities for the approval of the project and the respective financing indicated above. 3. Delegate to the Administration the verification of compliance with the legal and technical provisions emanating from national legislation applicable to the Institute, in the negotiations for financing, whether from national or external entities. 4.
The General Management is instructed to, in coordination with the Management of the Executing Unit of the Drinking Water and Sanitation Program, submit to this Office within one month a monitoring and follow-up proposal that guarantees that project 000043, San José Metropolitan Area Environmental Improvement, will be completed in the year 2028 with no possibility of extension." It recounts that through Agreement No. 2022-565 of December 6, 2022, adopted by the Board of Directors of AyA in Regular Session No. 2022-61, approval was given for the "Complement to the financial structuring of the San José Metropolitan Area Environmental Improvement Project," indicating as "Por tanto" the following points: "POR TANTO 1. The cost update for the San José Metropolitan Area Environmental Improvement Project (000043) is approved at an amount of USD $506.75 million and the financial projections supporting it. 2.
The Institutional Head is authorized to negotiate and formalize the following financings: A loan with the Banco Nacional de Costa Rica, for an amount equivalent to USD $140.00 million, and another loan with the Inter-American Development Bank, for an amount of USD $60.00 million, and is empowered to carry out the necessary procedures before government entities. 3. Delegate to the Administration the verification of compliance with the legal and technical provisions emanating from national legislation applicable to the Institute, in the negotiations for national or external financings. 4. The General Management, the Project Executing Unit, and the GAM Systems Management Sub-Management are instructed to establish a joint work program that ensures the timely connection and incorporation of new services into the commercial system. 5. The General Management is instructed to, jointly with the GAM and Peripheral Systems Management Sub-Managements, the RANC Project Executing Unit, and the Rates Unit, formulate a comprehensive program for improving the measurement, billing, and collection of services, enabling the increase of Institutional revenues and the management of rate studies before the Regulatory Entity." It adds that in official letter BEI-089-2023 of March 23, 2023, the Syndicated Loan Offer was presented to AyA for its due subscription, with a validity period of 60 calendar days.
It indicates that between the years 2020 and 2024, the PAPS Executing Unit of AyA carried out the necessary works to address the 12 collapses (colapsos) assigned to it in accordance with provision 4.5 of Report DFOE-AE-IF00009-2020 of December 2, 2020, issued by the Office of the Comptroller General of the Republic.
It states that between the years 2021 and 2024, the PAPS Executing Unit of AyA carried out the construction of expansion works for drinking water aqueducts in the following locations: - Santa Fe de Los Chiles. - Santa Rosa de Pocosol. - El Llano de Alajuelita. - San José de Upala. - La Carpio de San José. - Puerto Viejo de Sarapiquí. - Santa Lucía de Upala.
It recounts that between the years 2019 and 2023, the PAPS Executing Unit of AyA executed more than US$200 million in works of the San José Metropolitan Area Environmental Improvement Project and the Drinking Water and Sanitation Program, with annual budget executions reaching 90% in 2023; while, in that same period, the remaining Sub-Managements and Units of AyA executed US$260 million in other projects, with annual executions not exceeding 45% on average. It adds that between the years 2015 and 2024, the PAPS Executing Unit of AyA acquired and constituted more than 1,100 plots of land and easements (servidumbres) for the works of the San José Metropolitan Area Environmental Improvement Project and the Drinking Water and Sanitation Program, and to date, 698 correspond to works for which financing has not been formalized.
It indicates that despite the financing being approved by the Board of Directors of AyA and its formalization ordered to the Executive Presidency of AyA, in a meeting on June 4, 2024, with the Union of Professionals of AyA and communicated via email on June 13, 2024, the Executive President of AyA informed that the PAPS Executing Unit will be closed in December 2024 because the program does not have 250 million dollars to continue. It states that through official letter SITRAA 2024-0097 of June 27, 2024, the concern of the AyA Workers' Union was sent to the Senior Administration of AyA regarding the damages that closing the PAPS Executing Unit would cause, requesting to know the Board of Directors' agreements approving the project's termination, the formal communication of the closure, that a meeting space be arranged with members of the Board of Directors, the Executive Presidency, General Management, Human Capital, and all workers of the PAPS Unit, so that the administration might provide answers in this regard, and provide a detailed report on what will happen to said Unit.
It recounts that the only response given by the Senior Administration of AyA was an email on July 22, 2024, stating that it is under analysis. It adds that to date, there continues to be no response to the inquiries raised.
It indicates that in official letter 12356 (DFOE-SEM-1340) of August 5, 2024, the Office of the Comptroller General of the Republic sent the Executive President of AyA a request for information with a warning regarding the mandatory compliance with provision 4.5 of report No. DFOE-AE-IF-00009-2020 due to repeated non-compliance with commitments established in 2021, stating: "As part of the follow-up process carried out by this Office of the Comptroller General, a verification was conducted on the progress of compliance with the referred provision, in order to corroborate that the actions taken by the Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados (AyA) address what was ordered by this Office of the Comptroller General. In this regard, the following is noted: The Administration prepared the document called 'ESTRATEGIA ATENCIÓN DE COLAPSOS AYA / UE PAPS / DRYT 2021 - 2024' in February 2021; this strategy proposed that 11 collapses (colapsos) would be addressed by the Dirección de Recolección y Tratamiento (DRyT) and the remaining 12 by the Executing Unit of the Drinking Water and Sanitation Program (PAPS).
Regarding the attention to the collapses (colapsos) assigned to PAPS, it was observed that they are within the compliance timeframe; however, for the collapses (colapsos) that are the responsibility of DRyT and have not yet been completed, their compliance date has expired and the corresponding reprogramming has not been done; additionally, given the eventual extinction of PAPS, measures have not been defined to finish addressing the collapses (colapsos) assigned to that Unit. Likewise, regarding the works required for the connection of networks that remain unused due to being isolated from the system, the Institute prepared the document called 'ESTRATEGIA PARA LA ATENCIÓN DE TRAMOS DE TUBERÍA COLOCADAS POR LA UE PAPS y QUE NO ESTÁN EN USO 2021 - 2026' in February 2021. For this strategy, according to the progress reported by the Administration, there are still works without financing, and one work under execution was identified with a completion date that has expired.
On the other hand, with respect to the development of Stage II of the Los Tajos Wastewater Treatment Plant (biological processes), the Administration prepared the document called 'IDEA PTAR Los Tajos Etapa Intermedia' in the month of May 2023. According to what was reported by AyA, at the time of this verification, the Institution continues working on the pre-investment documents, currently preparing the pre-feasibility study and estimates having the feasibility study in 2025. Furthermore, it is highlighted that, since the formulation of the cited document 'IDEA PTAR Los Tajos Etapa Intermedia,' the Administration stated that 'AyA has registered project 001982, "Expansion to a Biological Treatment of Wastewater at the PTAR Los Tajos, San José Metropolitan Area" in the Public Investment Project Bank of MIDEPLAN, the same currently being in a suspended state awaiting its timely reactivation as the process being initiated with this Project Idea document advances.'; and from a query made in the Public Investment Project Bank (BPIP), it was evidenced that said project still remains in that state.
For the foregoing reasons, it was determined that AyA still does not have a definition of future actions for the development of Stage II of the PTAR Los Tajos, as the cited provision requires and which would allow activating said project. In accordance with the foregoing, it is determined that, to date, the actions executed by the Administration do not allow overcoming the weaknesses identified in the audit report, therefore: – It is required to review and update the 'ESTRATEGIA ATENCIÓN DE COLAPSOS AYA / UE PAPS / DRYT 2021 - 2024,' regarding the actions to be executed, compliance deadlines, priority level, and responsible parties. Additionally, take necessary measures regarding the collapses (colapsos) that eventually would not be addressed by the PAPS Unit in the event of an extinction of said Unit. – It is required to review and update the 'ESTRATEGIA PARA LA ATENCIÓN DE TRAMOS DE TUBERÍA COLOCADAS POR LA UE PAPS y QUE NO ESTÁN EN USO 2021 - 2026,' regarding the actions to be executed, compliance deadlines, priority level, and responsible parties.
Additionally, define the actions to conclude the works that still lack financing. – It is required to establish future actions that include compliance deadlines, priority level, and responsible parties for the development of Stage II of the Los Tajos Wastewater Treatment Plant (biological processes), as the cited provision requires, as well as take the necessary measures to activate said project. By reason of the foregoing, I must request that no later than September 2, 2024, you address the matters indicated in this official letter, and if applicable, adopt the corresponding measures so that provision 4.5 is fully addressed, overcoming the situation found by this Office of the Comptroller General in the progress verification conducted, as well as the results communicated in the reference report. Finally, this Presidency is warned that, in accordance with the provisions of articles 12 of the Organic Law of the Office of the Comptroller General and 12 of the General Law on Internal Control, the provisions issued by this Comptroller Body are of mandatory compliance, and the public officials who are the addressees of such orders are responsible for ensuring their full compliance at all times, within the deadlines established for that purpose; and in the event of not complying with what has been ordered, its addressees could be subject to sanctions of an administrative nature in accordance with the provisions of the legal system." It states that to date, the Executive President and the General Manager of AyA have failed to comply with the mandates of Laws 8559 and 9167, with resolution 2007-05894 of the Constitutional Chamber, with what was ordered by the Board of Directors of AyA and the Office of the Comptroller General of the Republic, since the former has not signed the financings approved in the aforementioned agreements to guarantee the continuity of the San José Metropolitan Area Environmental Improvement Project and the Drinking Water and Sanitation Program, and the latter has not guaranteed the completion of the Project by the year 2028 as ordered.
It recounts that contrary to their obligations, in the year 2023 the Institution allowed the financing offer of $140 million with the National Banking to expire, which was approved in Agreement 2022-565 of the Board of Directors, and in the year 2024 proceeded to inform that the Unit responsible for executing the Project will be closed due to not having the resources for the continuity of the Project. It adds that it is important to note that this is the third financing that the current administration of AyA has allowed to expire, since in 2022 it allowed the financing of nearly $400 million with the BCIE for the Orosi II Project to expire (acknowledged in Resolution 2024-019544 of the Constitutional Chamber), in 2023 it allowed the financing of nearly $90 million with KFW for sanitation in coastal zones to expire (acknowledged in Resolution 21942-2024 of the Constitutional Chamber), and now the financing of $140 million with the National Banking for the continuity of the San José Metropolitan Area Environmental Improvement Project.
It indicates that the Institute's action of allowing the loss of financing of $140 million with the National Banking and causing the premature closure of the San José Metropolitan Area Environmental Improvement Project violates constitutional articles 21, 50, and 89, since the Project's objectives established in Laws 8559 and 9167 will not be achieved, leaving a large quantity of millions of dollars invested in land, easements (servidumbres), and buried works without any use, users unable to connect to the system, the development of real estate projects is affected, the discharge of wastewater into rivers and septic tanks that contaminate groundwater will continue, illegal connections to the system that overflow onto the streets due to having no outlet, losses of income to the Institution, all of which causes economic and environmental damages that will be irreversible. It states that, additionally, AyA will have to continue disbursing large amounts of money annually in accordance with Decree No. 42128 – MINAE-S Regulation of the environmental discharge levy (canon ambiental por vertidos), having to continue discharging wastewater into rivers, in some cases with only primary treatment and in others without any treatment.
It recounts that these damages were exposed by the same Board of Directors of the Institute in the agreements where the financing that the Executive President allowed to expire was approved, stating: "That because the San José Metropolitan Area Environmental Improvement Project is comprehensive, the consequences of failing to secure financing for the remaining works would be catastrophic, since after having invested hundreds of millions of dollars, the project objectives included in the National Development Plan would not be achieved, the condition of direct discharge of wastewater into rivers would persist, causing a negative impact on the environment and the health of the inhabitants and wasting the installed capacity of the Los Tajos Wastewater Treatment Plant to the detriment of the effectiveness and reasonableness of the public investment." It considers that such action violates the Right of the Constitution and their fundamental rights.
In 2022, AyA allowed the approximately $400 million in financing from the CABEI for the Orosi II Project to expire. As this fact refers to a matter pertaining to AyA alone, this Ministry cannot attest to it. FACT FIVE: It is not true. Regarding the approximately $90 million in financing from KfW for sanitation in coastal zones (known in Resolution 21942-2024 of the Constitutional Chamber), AyA did not allow it to expire. This operation did not expire; rather, through coordinated actions, the orderly closure of the loan operation and other activities associated solely with the financing was carried out; a request that was due to the statements by the Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados regarding the impossibility of completing, in terms of quantity, cost, scope, and time, the projects initially agreed upon with KfW with the loan contract amount. Furthermore, the Ministry of Finance, representing the Government and as Borrower of the KfW Loan Contract 28568, instructed the Executive President of AyA that, in accordance with clause 3.5 of the Loan Contract, it would proceed to notify the waiver of disbursement of the credit funds not yet requested.
FACT SIX: Cannot be attested. AyA states that it has been executing the San José Metropolitan Area Environmental Improvement Project (PMAAMSJ) since 2007, with significant progress such as the construction of the Los Tajos Wastewater Treatment Plant inaugurated in 2015, the connection of the wastewater collectors of the Torres, Rivera, and María Aguilar rivers in 2015 and 2016, as well as expansion, rehabilitation, and replacement works for collectors and networks necessary to transport wastewater from the San José Metropolitan Area to the Los Tajos Wastewater Treatment Plant. FACT SEVEN: Cannot be attested. AyA indicates that with the current state of the Project and the completion of the works related to the Tender for the Construction and Improvement of Collectors and Sub-collectors in the Rivera, Torres, María Aguilar, and Tiribí river basins, approximately 76,272 users will be able to be connected, which entails a reduction in the contamination sources of the Grande de Tárcoles River.
FACT EIGHT: It is not true. By Agreement No. 2022-565 adopted at Regular Session No. 2022-61 of December 6, 2022, the Institutional Head was authorized to negotiate and formalize the following financing: a Loan from Banco Nacional de Costa Rica, for an amount equivalent to USD $140.00 million, and another loan from the Inter-American Development Bank, for an amount of USD $60.00 million, and was empowered to carry out the necessary procedures before government entities. To comply with the above, the Administration, through document PRE-2022-01251 dated December 12, 2022, sent it for approval to the Ministry of Finance, which has not been endorsed. Note that the purpose of official letter PRE-2022-01251 dated December 12, 2022, from AyA was to inform the Ministry of Finance that it has negotiated a loan for an amount equivalent to USD $140.00 million with BNCR and another loan with the IDB for an amount of USD $60.00 million, and the remaining USD $14.55 million through the Institution's own resources, and that in both financings AyA would be the Borrower; however, given the IDB's policies, the State Guarantee is required.
Therefore, with the purpose of continuing the loan formalization process, for the amount of USD $60 million and in compliance with the National Public Investment System, specifically point No. 1.27 I), subsection d) of the Technical Standards for Public Investment, it requested the Ministry of Finance to issue an official letter stating that the Government of the Republic acts as Guarantor in said financing and specify the terms of its participation. From the above, it is clear that what AyA requested from this Ministry was to act as guarantor for the IDB financing, and not, as erroneously stated, that it had requested an approval of the financing. The foregoing is important to clarify because, to process the recommendation request from the Budgetary Authority, compliance was required with the Regulation for the Negotiation and Contracting of Public Debt, Executive Decree No. 35222-H, which was in effect on the date of submission of official letter PRE-2022-01251 and currently corresponds to Executive Decree No. 44604-H.
For greater clarity, regarding the procedure for contracting loans due to the consequences that indebtedness entails for public finances, our legislators have established standards in the legal system that control public credit, with the purpose of controlling it and subjecting entities to a financing policy. Thus, both for the Government of the Republic and for autonomous institutions, there is an administrative procedure of approvals to comply with for the authorization of the negotiation and contracting of public credit, with the exceptions established by national legislation. Various bodies are involved in these administrative approvals or authorizations; namely, the Ministry of National Planning and Economic Policy (MIDEPLAN) and the Budgetary Authority, as well as the favorable opinion of the Central Bank of Costa Rica (BCCR). As provided in Article 10 of the National Planning Law, No. 5525, Ministries, autonomous and semi-autonomous entities must have MIDEPLAN's approval to initiate the procedures for obtaining foreign loans.
The cited article provides the following: "Article 10.- No ministry or autonomous or semi-autonomous body may initiate procedures to obtain foreign loans without the prior approval of the Ministry of National Planning and Economic Policy. The final approval of public bodies' investment projects, when these projects include total or partial external financing or require State endorsement for their financing, shall be granted by the Ministry of National Planning and Economic Policy, regarding their priority within the National Development Plan. This latter joint approval procedure shall also be followed for private sector investment projects that need the State's endorsement or guarantee for their financial management. The priority of each project shall be established taking into account, among other things, the objectives of the National Development Plan, all without prejudice to what is established in subsection 15 of Article 121 of the Political Constitution.
To ensure compliance with the general external financing policy, the Ministry of National Planning and Economic Policy shall participate in credit negotiations for the public sector. Regarding the banks of the National Banking System, the rules established in the laws of the Central Bank of Costa Rica and the National Banking System remain in force." On the other hand, Executive Decree No. 42069-PLAN, published in Supplement No. 268 to Official Gazette No. 229 of December 2, 2019, amended Article 53 of the General Regulation of the National Planning System (Executive Decree No. 37735-PLAN), so that MIDEPLAN henceforth issues a single final approval for the initiation of procedures to obtain foreign loans. Thus, it is highlighted that to process a foreign loan by the Executive Branch or an autonomous or semi-autonomous body, MIDEPLAN's final approval for the initiation of procedures for public debt is required when these projects include total or partial external financing or require State endorsement for their financing.
Likewise, Law No. 7010, Law Approving External Financing Contracts with Foreign Private Banks, provides the obligation for the entire public sector to have the authorization of MIDEPLAN, the Central Bank of Costa Rica, and the Budgetary Authority to contract loans, which states: "ARTICLE 7.- No public institution of the decentralized sector of the State, nor any company in which the State or its institutions own more than fifty percent of the shares, may contract external or internal loans if it does not have the prior authorization of the project prepared by the Ministry of National Planning, as well as the favorable opinion of the Central Bank of Costa Rica and the authorization of the Budgetary Authority. The opinion rendered by the Bank regarding the loan to be contracted shall be binding on the respective institution or company. The authorizations of the Budgetary Authority and MIDEPLAN referred to in this article shall not be required for State banks.
(This paragraph added by Article 166, subsection a), of the Organic Law of the Central Bank of Costa Rica No. 7558 of November 3, 1995)." From the previously transcribed rules, it is evident that ministries or autonomous or semi-autonomous bodies must have MIDEPLAN's final approval for the initiation of procedures to obtain public loans, with emphasis on the binding nature of the opinion rendered by the BCCR. For its part, Article 106 of the Organic Law of the BCCR establishes the obligation to request the favorable opinion of the BCCR by providing: "ARTICLE 106.- Opinion of the Central Bank Whenever the Government of the Republic intends to carry out credit operations abroad, the Ministry of Finance shall request an opinion from the Central Bank prior to carrying out the operation in process. Public institutions must also request the same opinion when they try to contract credits abroad.
The Bank's opinion must be based on the country's external debt situation, as well as on the repercussions that the operation in process may have on the international balance of payments and monetary variables. When the Government or the mentioned entities intend to contract loans within the country, they must also request an opinion from the Bank, which shall issue it with the purpose of making known its criteria on the public sector debt situation and coordinating its monetary and credit policy with the financial and fiscal policy of the Republic. Municipalities and existing district municipal councils in the country are exempt from the requirement to request the aforementioned opinion. The Bank shall publish its opinions in the official newspaper La Gaceta." (As amended by Article 2 of Law No. 9108 of December 19, 2012). The participation of the Ministry of Finance, as established in Article 80 of the Law on Financial Administration of the Republic and Public Budgets, Law No. 8131, occurs through the General Directorate of Public Debt Management, the governing body of the Public Credit Subsystem, and the Budgetary Authority, as detailed below.
The Budgetary Authority is a collegiate body of the Ministry of Finance, competent to authorize or not the contracting of public credit operations by various public bodies or institutions, upon the prior recommendation of the Directorate of Public Debt Management. Thus, it is reiterated that official letter PRE-2022-01251 was a request for an official letter stating that the Government of the Republic acts as Guarantor in said financing, and not a request for financing authorization according to the established legal procedure. Regarding the granting of endorsements, bonds, or guarantees by the Republic of Costa Rica, indicating that since the term "credit" is not restricted to a loan or a loan contract, its extension is much broader, it is worth citing Legal Opinion No. OJ-149-2006 of October 25, 2006, from the Attorney General's Office of the Republic, which stated: "… public credit encompasses any operation by which the financial intermediary provides funds or credit facilities directly to another person, regardless of how it is structured or documented.
Therefore, credit includes not only the granting of loans but also the discounting of documents, the purchase of securities or other financial assets, repurchase agreement operations, advances, overdrafts on current accounts, interest, expired letters of credit. Public indebtedness can therefore arise not only from the signing of a loan contract but also from the issuance and placement of securities (bond issuance) or the granting of guarantees on a loan." (Bold and italics not in the original). (…) As a corollary, the term credit therefore includes the guarantees or endorsements that the State grants in a loan contract and that imply a financial obligation for it, this being a sovereign guarantee, by which the State ensures compliance with payment obligations relating to principal amortization, interest payments, commissions, or any other obligation derived from the credit signed by another public body, thus constituting a form of indebtedness for the Central Government.
Therefore, credit contracts signed by public bodies, in which the State grants its guarantee, must have administrative approvals and are subject to legislative approval, according to the procedure detailed above. FACT NINE: It is not true. AyA points out that the UE-PAPS, the General Management, and the Executive Presidency participated in several meetings held with the Ministry of Finance, where it was indicated that no more loans would be authorized due to the poor execution of AyA's project portfolio, and that the foregoing demonstrates that it is not true that the Administration allowed the financing to be lost, because it did diligently process the loan formalization, without receiving the endorsement of the competent Ministry. In this regard, it is noteworthy that the decision not to grant the guarantee considered the critical state of AyA's portfolio and what a guarantee represents for the debt capacity of the Government of the Republic, as detailed below: Over the years, AyA's portfolio of programs/projects financed through public debt has faced significant deficiencies that have hindered its adequate development.
Despite the objectives and goals established in them, problems and difficulties in their execution have been constant, notably affecting financial and physical progress and resource management, which has been characterized by critical or alert-status performance1, according to the following classification. This situation has had a negative impact on the delivery of works, goods, and services that Costa Rican society requires, according to the requirements of each initiative, and has increased their costs due to the prolongation of execution deadlines and the payment of commitment fees. As a reference, the Sewerage and Flood Control Program for Limón (CABEI 2198), which began its execution in mid-2019 once Law 9690 was published, and has the most significant portion of the credit resources to be executed by AyA2; has faced critical planning and pre-investment problems, reducing its scope and causing significant delays in its execution to date.
As a result of the above, and although a 36-month extension has been granted to the disbursement period of the CABEI Loan, the award process for Sector 1 works was delayed more than anticipated, so there is a risk that a second extension to the disbursement period may be required, which would significantly lengthen this period with the implications this entails. Furthermore, given the cost increase in one of the projects that make up the program (Sector 2), it will require additional funds outside the CABEI financing to be implemented, demonstrating the weaknesses in planning and pre-investment incurred for this Program by AyA, which is in critical performance. Meanwhile, the San José Metropolitan Area Supply Program, financed under CABEI Loan 1725, and which shows critical performance, has experienced an extremely prolonged execution, having been under execution for 16 years with multiple extensions to disbursement deadlines, reflecting serious problems in the planning and execution of this operation, which does not have a sovereign guarantee.
The financial costs associated with commitment fees on this loan amount to more than US$2.8 million, made more expensive by the significant execution delays. Although the Loan/Program is nearing completion, a series of problems associated with changes in the projects and/or their scopes, deficient designs, low contractor participation, and deficiencies in the bidding documents have affected its development, despite the efforts made by AyA to improve the situation. The Non-Revenue Water Recovery and Energy Efficiency Project (RANC-EE), financed under CABEI Loan 2129, reported at the close of the first half of 2024 a cumulative physical progress of 41.3% and cumulative financial progress of 13%, extremely low figures given the time elapsed since the loan signed between AyA and CABEI entered into force in August 2015, that is, 9 years ago. During these years, considerable financial costs have accumulated linked to commitment fees of around US$2.68 million, without having achieved predominant results in the Project, with its closure being recommended to AyA in due course until the necessary elements for its correct execution were obtained, a situation that did not occur.
Despite the two-year extension to the loan disbursement period granted by CABEI, the current rate of progress is insufficient to meet the objectives established within that period, making it very likely that a new extension will be required, further delaying the execution and completion of the project, and increasing the financial costs linked to this non-sovereign financing, which has historically mostly maintained a critical performance. The Urban Aqueducts II and Juanito Mora Sanitary Sewerage Program, Puntarenas (CABEI Loan 2164), with a critical performance, has achieved a cumulative physical progress of only 28.0% and a cumulative financial progress of just 10.9%; this, after the financing was signed between AyA and CABEI more than 6 years ago, specifically in May 2018. The lack of planning and technical personnel has caused significant delays in several projects, some based on deficient feasibility studies, generating rework, cost overruns, and delays in the delivery of benefits to the communities.
Given these situations, AyA requested an extension to the loan disbursement period from CABEI, with the Bank granting an extensive period of 3 and a half years. The Aqueducts and Sewerage Program in Coastal Cities and the construction of the National Water Laboratory (PAACC), financed under CABEI Loan 2188-A and signed in May 2019, after more than five years of execution, faces a critical performance, with progress below what was planned, jeopardizing its fundamental objectives. The shortage of specialized professionals and dependence on an implementation consultant have slowed down pre-investment phase activities, while contracting delays have generated subsequent delays. With barely a cumulative physical progress of 12.82% and a cumulative financial progress of 3.59%, AyA has implemented a Prioritization Plan to improve operational efficiency. It is estimated that the Program will conclude in November 2027, 19 months after the current disbursement deadline that expires at the end of April 2026, which requires highly rigorous monitoring by the Institute to prevent further delays.
The Potable Water and Sanitation Program (IDB Loan 2493/OC-CR) had 2 extensions to its disbursement period, which in total added almost 5 additional years to what was contractually established. It is in its final stage of execution, with a physical progress of 99.3% and financial progress of 100%. This progress is the result of the acceleration plan agreed upon in March 2018 between the IDB, the Ministry of Finance, and AyA, in order to rescue the operation from an early closure, given its low execution at the time, which has allowed significant progress in meeting goals. However, outside the IDB financing, the Program still faces important challenges, such as the need for AyA precisely to obtain additional funds to complete the San José Metropolitan Area Environmental Improvement Project and to make greater use of the installed capacity of the Los Tajos Treatment Plant. In accordance with the foregoing, coupled with the described situation of the closure of the KfW 28568 loan cited in "FACT FIVE" of this report, it is evident that, at a general level, AyA's programs and projects have shown significant weaknesses in planning, pre-investment, and execution, including outdated designs and lack of clarity or changes in scopes, which has negatively affected timelines and costs.
Land acquisition and contracting processes have experienced delays due to deficient documentation or changes in contracting processes already underway. Furthermore, the lack of support from some internal units and the shortage of specialized technical personnel in the Executing Units (UEs) have been critical factors contributing to execution delays. Thus, management and monitoring problems normally translate for the Institute into significant extensions of disbursement deadlines and additional costs, affecting the effectiveness and efficiency in the delivery of the works, goods, and services that Costa Rican society requires in terms of sanitation and purification of water resources. As a result, most programs and projects are in a critical situation, with accumulated delays, multiple extensions, and cost overruns. Under this scenario, the Ministry of Finance has recommended various actions to AyA in order to foster substantive improvements in the execution of its portfolio of programs/projects financed through public debt.
In conclusion, AyA must urgently address the deficiencies in the planning and execution of its programs/projects financed with public debt to avoid additional cost overruns and delays in its active operations, optimizing the use of resources through a marked and continuous improvement in its processes, strategic decisions, and results. Therefore, this Ministry does not consider it viable to continue facilitating sovereign guarantee support for new credit operations until AyA's current Portfolio shows a significant and constant improvement in its performance. Add that the Ministry of Finance, in the interest of transparency and accountability, has made information related to the execution of external loans that finance different public investment Programs/Projects available to citizens through the Ministry's website, which shows that AyA has been facing a series of delays, problems, and stagnations for several years, given AyA's limited execution capacity, which has led to its critical performance situation, with very poor progress to date.
On the other hand, it is important to note that it is not the competence or responsibility of the Ministry of Finance to seek other financing alternatives, as AyA could have done at the time it was communicated that, by virtue of the poor execution of the project portfolio under its charge, the Ministry of Finance would not grant it more guarantees. In that sense, it is important to remember that through the Constitutive Law3, AyA was created as an autonomous institution of the State, granting it powers to contract national or international loans in accordance with the provisions of its Article 5, subsection d), which, in pertinent part, states: (…) Thus, from the foregoing, we have that AyA has the legal authority to sign loan contracts without a sovereign guarantee. It must be understood that the Ministry of Finance is the institution responsible for tax collection, the governance of Financial Administration, the allocation of financial resources to public entities, and the administration of the public debt, through a sustainable fiscal policy, to contribute to the economic and social stability and growth of the country's inhabitants, and its creation dates back to the enactment of Executive Decree LV dated October 14, 1825.
And that according to Law No. 8131 of September 18, 2001, published in La Gaceta No. 198 of October 16, 2001, the Ministry of Finance is the sole agent with the legal capacity for indebtedness, management, and control of the Central Administration's public debt. Therefore, in accordance with the legal authorizations it holds, the decision was made not to grant sovereign guarantees to AyA until it improves its project execution capacity. Consequently, it is upon that institution, according to its competencies, not only the governance in the matter, but also the responsibility to determine the priority for the construction of treatment plants and sanitary sewer systems, and the continuity of the Programs deemed important for the protection of people's right to health. (…) For it is indeed within the competencies of the Instituto Costarricense Acueductos y Alcantarillados to provide continuity to the projects it considers necessary and obtain the resources to carry them out to completion; likewise, it could not be considered feasible to allege the violation of constitutional articles 21, 50, and 89 by the Ministry of Finance when its legal competencies include the administration of the public debt, through a sustainable fiscal policy to contribute to economic stability and growth.
Thus, the coordination of the corresponding actions to close a credit operation corresponds to technical-financial aspects that concern the operation's sustainability in accordance with the costs it represents and its expected progress. Finally, reiterate that AyA is technically and legally able to seek other sources of financing to complete the works of the San José Metropolitan Area Environmental Improvement Project and the Potable Water and Sanitation Program that do not involve the State guarantee. Should the result of AyA's analysis be indebtedness, it must comply with the administrative authorization process indicated above. FACT TEN: Cannot be attested. That AyA is preparing a report on the status of the projects, and when this analysis is completed, the corresponding actions will be taken for the continuity of the projects.
Drafted by Magistrate Hess Herrera;
Considering:
I.PURPOSE OF THE APPEAL.- a) The appellant states that as of the date of filing this appeal, the Executive President and the General Manager of AyA have failed to comply with the mandates of Laws 8559 and 9167, as well as what was ordered by AyA's Board of Directors and the Comptroller General of the Republic, since the former has not signed the financings approved in the aforementioned agreements to guarantee the continuity of the San José Metropolitan Area Environmental Improvement Project and the Potable Water and Sanitation Program, and the latter has not guaranteed the completion of the Project by 2028 as ordered; b) Alleges disobedience of what was ordered by this Chamber in resolution 2007-05894; c) Requests that the respondent authority be ordered to manage and coordinate the continuity not only of Stage 1 of the San José Metropolitan Area Environmental Improvement Project, but also of Stage 2 of the Improvement so that secondary wastewater treatment is available, taking the necessary provisions within its budget, personnel, and directives instructed by the Comptroller General of the Republic, the ICAA Board of Directors, so that the necessary budget allocations are available for the generation of these public health works; and d) Indicates that through official letter SITRAA 2024-0097 of June 27, 2024, information of its interest was requested from the Board of Directors of the respondent authority.
He alleges that, as of the date of filing this matter, no response has been given.
Of importance for the decision in this matter, the following facts are deemed duly proven, either because they have been so accredited or because the respondent omitted to refer to them as provided in the initial order:
The General Management is instructed to, in coordination with the Management of the Executing Unit of the Potable Water and Sanitation Program, submit to this Office within one month, a follow-up and monitoring proposal that guarantees that project 000043 for the Environmental Improvement of the Metropolitan Area of San José will be completed in the year 2028 without the possibility of extension.” (see submitted report and evidence provided).
- The petitioner accuses that the executive president and the General Manager of AyA have failed to comply with the mandates of Laws 8559 and 9167, as well as with what was ordered by the Board of Directors of AyA and the Contraloría General de la República. On this point, it is necessary to warn the petitioner that if he considers that the respondent authorities have failed to observe the functions inherent to the position they hold, since—as the petitioner argues—the former has not signed the financing approved in the aforementioned agreements to guarantee the continuity of the Environmental Improvement Project of the Metropolitan Area of San José and the Potable Water and Sanitation Program and the latter has not guaranteed the completion of the Project by the year 2028 as ordered, according to the regulations that govern such assumptions, this fundamentally constitutes a complaint that is not appropriate to be heard before this Jurisdiction, since the investigation and subsequent reprimand—if applicable—of a public authority that has not fulfilled the functions assigned by law itself, is the purview of other judicial instances (criminal) or before the Executive Presidency of ICAA, so you may raise your disagreement before the corresponding authorities of the respondents or, alternatively, report the fact for breach of duties, before the respective jurisdictional avenue, so that what is legally appropriate may be resolved. For the reasons stated, this aspect of the appeal must be declared without merit.
IV.ON THE PRESUMED DISOBEDIENCE OF JUDGMENT N°2007-05894 OF 11:58 HRS ON APRIL 27, 2007.- Furthermore, he alleges disobedience of what was ordered by this Chamber in judgment N°2007-05894 of 11:58 hours on April 27, 2007. In this regard, it is worth indicating to the petitioner that since he does not appear as the plaintiff party, or even as a coadjuvant party within file N°04-008123-0007-CO, in which the pronouncement he accuses as disregarded was issued, he lacks standing to present the presumed non-compliance proceeding and consequently, this aspect of the appeal must be dismissed.
V.ON THE PETITIONER'S CLAIM.- In the matter at hand, the petitioner requests that the respondent authority be ordered to manage and coordinate the continuity not only of Stage 1 of the Environmental Improvement Project of the Metropolitan Area of San José, but also of Stage 2 of the Improvement so that secondary treatment of wastewater is provided, making provisions within its budget, personnel, and guidelines instructed by the Contraloría General de la República, the Board of Directors of ICAA so that the necessary budget items are available for the generation of these public health works. In this regard, it has been proven that, since 2007, the respondent authority has been executing the Environmental Improvement Project of the Metropolitan Area of San José (PMAAMSJ), within which there are already important advances such as the construction of the Los Tajos Wastewater Treatment Plant inaugurated in 2015, the connection of the wastewater collectors of the Torres, Rivera, and María Aguilar rivers in 2015 and 2016, as well as works for the extension, rehabilitation, and replacement of collectors and networks necessary to carry wastewater from the Metropolitan Area of San José to the Los Tajos Wastewater Treatment Plant.
Likewise, it is established that in Ordinary Session No.2022-29 (Agreement No.2022-263) of May 31, 2022, the Board of Directors of ICAA agreed as follows: “1. The update of the cost of project 000043 for the Environmental Improvement of the Metropolitan Area of San José is approved for an amount of US$506.75 million, as well as the extension of the closing to the year 2028. 2. The Planning Directorate is instructed to resume the issue of the new financing with the Banco Nacional de Costa Rica for the US$140 million and evaluate the suitable options for financing the remaining amount of US$74.55 million. Furthermore, the Institutional Head is authorized to negotiate and formalize financing for an amount of US$140 million dollars, through a public credit, and is empowered to carry out the necessary procedures before government entities, the approval of the project, and the respective financing indicated above. 3.
Delegate to the Administration the verification of compliance with the legal and technical provisions emanating from national legislation, which are applicable to the Institute, in the negotiations of financing for both national or external entities. 4. The General Management is instructed to, in coordination with the Management of the Executing Unit of the Potable Water and Sanitation Program, submit to this Office within one month, a follow-up and monitoring proposal that guarantees that project 000043 for the Environmental Improvement of the Metropolitan Area of San José will be completed in the year 2028 without the possibility of extension.” Furthermore, it is established that, according to the respondent authority, with the current state of the Project and with the completion of the works related to the Tender for Construction and Improvements of Collectors and Sub-collectors in the Rivera, Torres, María Aguilar, and Tiribí basins, approximately 76,272 users will be able to be connected, which entails a reduction of the pollution sources of the Grande de Tárcoles River.
Finally, it is established that, according to the respondent authority, in compliance with the legal provisions visible in laws 8559 and 9167, it is preparing a report on the status of the projects and when this analysis is completed, the corresponding actions for the financing and continuity of the projects will be taken, given that there is a legal commitment to fulfill their scope.
Thus, the claim must be partially granted for the following reasons: a) The petitioner seeks for this Chamber to order compliance with administrative provisions issued by the Board of Directors of ICAA, as well as the Contraloría General de la República regarding the Environmental Improvement Project of the Metropolitan Area of San José. In that sense, it is worth indicating to the petitioner that the lack of execution of agreements adopted by the respondent authority, as well as compliance with the recommendations issued by the Contraloría General de la República, are claims that must be brought before those same instances or, alternatively, before the competent legality avenue, as they are matters of ordinary legality not amenable to resolution in this constitutional venue. In addition to the foregoing, it is verified that the project in question has been developed in stages and is scheduled to be completed in the year 2028, hence, the petitioner's claim would be premature as it is based on future and uncertain facts.
Ergo, this allegation must be declared without merit, as is hereby done. b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, given what was reported by the respondent authority and the relevance of the project in question under the provisions of constitutional article 50, this Chamber considers that there is uncertainty regarding how the project's development will continue, given the financial obstacles that the respondent Institute itself admits and which have led to the need to prepare a report on the status of the projects, in order to establish decision-making regarding them; however, it is not evident from the report submitted to this Chamber, that there is a certain date for the completion of the document to which the respondent authority refers and which would allow one to consider that the project's execution will not suffer major setbacks despite the situation described. Therefore, this aspect of the appeal must be granted under the terms indicated in the operative part.
VI.ON THE SUBMISSION PRESENTED ON JUNE 27, 2024.- Finally, he indicates that through official letter SITRAA 2024-0097 of June 27, 2024, he requested the Board of Directors of the respondent authority to know the Board of Directors' agreements that approved the project's settlement, the formal communication of the closure, to generate a meeting space with members of the Board of Directors, the Executive Presidency, the General Management, Human Capital, and all the workers of the PAPS Unit, so that the administration provides answers regarding this matter, and provides a detailed report on what will happen with said Unit. He alleges that, as of the date of filing this matter, no response has been given.
Having analyzed the allegations of the petitioner, it is appropriate to indicate that, although the right to petition, established in Article 27 of the Political Constitution, when understood in a broad sense, refers to the power that every citizen possesses to address in writing any public official or official entity in order to present a matter of their interest, the truth is that, as this Court has declared in resolutions such as judgment N° 2015005517 of 14:30 hours on April 21, 2015, it does not therefore protect requests for a hearing such as the one the petitioner seeks in the note he claims as disregarded. Indeed, the Chamber has declared the following:
"... the request for a hearing before the respondent to address certain topics—as in this case—does not conform to the content of the right to petition and timely resolution regulated by Articles 27 and 41 of the Political Constitution, so the fact that the protected party was not told anything about the requested hearing does not constitute an injury to the cited articles of the Political Constitution. The petitioner must bear in mind that the request made in that sense is not the exercise of the right to petition, and even less of the right to prompt and complete justice, but a simple request to be attended by the respondent, a hearing which, in any case, will be determined according to the possibilities and activities that the respondent may have." (Judgment N° 2015005517 of 14:30 hours on April 21, 2015; the underlined highlighting is not original).
Thus, it is not for this Chamber to hear that claim, as it is a matter of ordinary legality, and, therefore, the petitioner must resort to the respective legality avenue, in order to present there the proceedings they deem pertinent so that what is legally appropriate may be resolved.
The parties are warned that if any document on paper has been provided, as well as objects or evidence contained in some additional electronic, computer, magnetic, optical, telematic device or one produced by new technologies, these must be withdrawn from the office within a maximum period of 30 business days counted from the notification of this judgment. Otherwise, all material not withdrawn within this period will be destroyed, according to the provisions of the “Reglamento sobre Expediente Electrónico ante el Poder Judicial”, approved by the Corte Plena in session N° 27-11 of August 22, 2011, article XXVI and published in the Boletín Judicial N° 19 of January 26, 2012, as well as in the agreement approved by the Consejo Superior del Poder Judicial, in session N° 43-12 held on May 3, 2012, article LXXXI.
POR TANTO:
The appeal is partially granted, solely for the delay in the preparation of the senior management's report on the status of the projects, based on which the necessary measures will be adopted to give them continuity. It is ordered that Juan Manuel Quesada Espinoza, executive president, and María Alejandra Mora Segura, general manager, both of the Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados, or whoever exercises those positions in their stead, within the scope of their competencies, issue the necessary orders, carry out the corresponding actions and coordinations, so that within a period of SIX MONTHS, counted from the notification of this resolution, they complete the preparation of the document and action plan being reported to this Chamber. The respondent authority is warned that, in accordance with the provisions of Article 71 of the Ley de la Jurisdicción Constitucional, a prison sentence of three months to two years or a fine of twenty to sixty days shall be imposed on anyone who receives an order that must be complied with or enforced, issued within an amparo appeal, and does not comply with it or does not enforce it, provided the crime is not more severely punished.
The Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados is condemned to pay the costs, damages, and losses caused by the acts that serve as the basis for this declaration, which shall be liquidated in the execution of judgment of the contentious-administrative jurisdiction. In all other respects, the appeal is declared without merit. Notify. - Fernando Cruz C. Presidente a.i Luis Fdo. Salazar A.
Jorge Araya G.
Anamari Garro V.
Ingrid Hess H.
Aracelly Pacheco S.
Alexandra Alvarado P.
*EWWE6L9USXE61* Clasificación elaborada por SALA CONSTITUCIONAL del Poder Judicial. Prohibida su reproducción y/o distribución en forma onerosa.
Indicadores de Relevancia Sentencia relevante Sentencia con datos protegidos, de conformidad con la normativa vigente Contenido de Interés:
Temas Estrategicos: Derechos Humanos,Der Económicos sociales culturales y ambientales Tipo de contenido: Voto de mayoría Rama del Derecho: 4. ASUNTOS DE GARANTÍA Tema: SERVICIOS PÚBLICOS Subtemas:
AGUA POTABLE.
Tema: PRONTA RESOLUCIÓN Subtemas:
MORA ADMINISTRATIVA..
037715-24. SERVICIOS PÚBLICOS. PRONTA RESOLUCIÓN. SE ACUSA QUE, EL PRESIDENTE EJECUTIVO DE ACUEDUCTOS Y ALCANTARILLADOS, HA INCUMPLIDO CON DOS LEYES Y DIRECTRICES DE LA CONTRALORÍA GENERAL DE LA REPÚBLICA, QUE ORDENAN EL PROYECTO DE MEJORAMIENTO AMBIENTAL DEL ÁREA METROPOLITANA DE SAN JOSÉ. SE HA DECLARA PARCIALMENTE CON LUGAR EL RECURSO, ÚNICAMENTE POR LA DEMORA EN LA ELABORACIÓN DEL INFORME DE LA ADMINISTRACIÓN SUPERIOR CON EL ESTADO DE LOS PROYECTOS, CON BASE EN EL CUAL SE ADOPTARÁN LAS MEDIDAS NECESARIAS PARA DARLES CONTINUIDAD. SE ORDENA AL INSTITUTO COSTARRICENSE DE ACUEDUCTOS Y ALCANTARILLADOS, QUE, EN EL PLAZO DE SEIS MESES, FINALICEN LA ELABORACIÓN DEL DOCUMENTO Y PLAN DE ACCIÓN QUE SE INFORMARA A ESTA SALA. VCG01/2025 “(…) III.- SOBRE EL PRESUNTO INCUMPLIMIENTO DE DEBERES QUE SE ALEGA. - Acusa el recurrente que, el presidente ejecutivo y la Gerente General del A y A han incumplido con los mandatos de las Leyes 8559 y 9167 así como con lo ordenado por la Junta Directiva del AyA y la Contraloría General de la República.
Sobre el particular, se impone advertir al recurrente que si estima que las autoridades accionadas han inobservado las funciones inherentes al cargo que ocupan, ya que -según aduce el accionante- el primero no ha suscrito los financiamientos aprobados en los acuerdos antes mencionados para garantizar la continuidad del Proyecto de Mejoramiento Ambiental del Área Metropolitana de San José y del Programa de Agua Potable y Saneamiento y el segunda no ha garantizado la finalización del Proyecto para el año 2028 como le fue ordenado, según la normativa que regula tales supuestos, ello en el fondo constituye una queja que no compete ventilarse ante esta Jurisdicción, toda vez que la investigación y posterior amonestación -si fuera el caso- a una autoridad pública que no ha cumplido las funciones que la propia ley le asigna, compete a otras instancias judiciales (la penal) o ante la Presidencia Ejecutiva del ICAA, por lo que podrá plantear su inconformidad ante las autoridades correspondientes de los accionados o bien, denunciar el hecho por incumplimiento de deberes, ante la vía jurisdiccional respectiva, a fin de que se resuelva lo que en derecho corresponda. Por lo expuesto, este extremo del recurso debe declararse sin lugar.
IV.SOBRE LA PRESUNTA DESOBEDIENCIA DE LA SENTENCIA N°2007-05894 DE LAS 11:58 HRS DEL 27 DE ABRIL DE 2007.- Por otra parte, alega desobediencia de lo ordenado por esta Sala en la sentencia N°2007-05894 de las 11:58 horas del 27 de abril de 2007. Al respecto, cabe indicarle al recurrente que al no figurar como parte actora o bien, si quiera como parte coadyuvante dentro el expediente N°04-008123-0007-CO, en el cual, se emitió el pronunciamiento que acusa como desatendido, carece de legitimación para presentar la presunta gestión de incumplimiento y en consecuencia, este este extremo del recurso debe desestimarse.
V.SOBRE LA PRETENSIÓN DEL RECURRENTE.-En el sub lite, el accionante solicita se ordene a la autoridad recurrida gestionar y coordinar la continuidad no solo de la Etapa 1 del Proyecto de Mejoramiento Ambiental del Área Metropolitana de San José, sino también de la Etapa 2 del Mejoramiento para que se cuente con tratamiento secundario de las aguas residuales, tomando las previsiones dentro de su presupuesto, personal y directrices instruidas desde la Contraloría General de la República, la Junta Directiva del ICAA para que se cuente con las partidas presupuestarias necesarias para la generación de estas obras de salud pública. Al respecto, se ha tenido por demostrado que, desde el año 2007 la autoridad recurrida ha venido ejecutando el Proyecto de Mejoramiento Ambiental del Área Metropolitana de San José (PMAAMSJ), dentro del cual, ya se cuenta con avances importantes como la construcción de la Planta de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales los Tajos inaugurada en el año 2015, la conexión de los colectores de aguas residuales de los ríos Torres, Rivera y María Aguilar en el año 2015 y 2016, así como obras de extensión, rehabilitación y remplazo de colectores y redes necesarias para llevar las aguas residuales del Área Metropolitana de San José a la Planta de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales los Tajos.
Asimismo, se tiene que en la Sesión Ordinaria No.2022-29 (Acuerdo No.2022-263) del 31 de mayo del 2022, la Junta Directiva del ICCA acordó lo siguiente: “1. Se aprueba la actualización del costo del proyecto 000043 de Mejoramiento Ambiental del Área Metropolitana de San José a un monto de US$506.75 millones, así como la ampliación de cierre al año 2028. 2. Se instruye a la Dirección de Planificación para que retome el tema del nuevo financiamiento con el Banco Nacional de Costa Rica por los US$140 millones y valore las opciones idóneas para el financiamiento del monto restante de US$74.55 millones. Por otra parte, se autoriza al Jerarca Institucional para que negocie y formalice un financiamiento por un monto de US$140 millones de dólares, mediante un crédito público y se faculta para que realice los trámites necesarios ante las entidades gubernamentales, la aprobación del proyecto y el respectivo financiamiento antes indicado. 3.
Delegar a la Administración la verificación del cumplimiento de las disposiciones legales y técnicas que emana de la legislación nacional, que son aplicables al Instituto, en las negociaciones de un financiamiento tanto para entes nacionales o externos. 4. Se instruye a la Gerencia General para que en coordinación con la Gerencia de la Unidad Ejecutora del Programa de Agua Potable y Saneamiento, remitan a este Despacho en el plazo de un mes, una propuesta de seguimiento y monitoreo que garantice que el proyecto 000043 de Mejoramiento Ambiental del Área Metropolitana de San José culminará en el año 2028 sin posibilidad de prórroga.” Por otra parte, se tiene que, según informa la autoridad recurrida, con el estado actual del Proyecto y con la terminación de las obras relacionadas a la Licitación de Construcción y Mejoras de Colectores y Subcolectores en las cuencas Rivera, Torres, María Aguilar y Tiribí, se podrán conectar alrededor de 76.272 usuarios, lo cual conlleva una reducción de los focos de contaminación del río Grande de Tárcoles.
Finalmente, se tiene que, según informa la autoridad recurrida, en cumplimiento de las disposiciones legales visibles en las leyes 8559 y 9167 se encuentra elaborando un informe con el estado de los proyectos y cuando se finalice este análisis se tomarán las acciones que sean correspondientes para el financiamiento y continuidad de los proyectos, dado que hay un compromiso por ley para cumplir el alcance de estos.
Así las cosas, el reclamo debe acogerse parcialmente por los siguientes motivos: a) El recurrente pretende que esta Sala ordene el cumplimiento de disposiciones administrativas emitidas por la Junta Directiva del ICAA, así como la Contraloría General de la República respecto al Proyecto de Mejoramiento Ambiental del Área Metropolitana de San José. En ese sentido, cabe indicarle al recurrente que la falta de ejecución de acuerdos adoptados por la autoridad recurrida, así como el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones emitidas por la Contraloría General de la República, son reclamos que deben ser planteados ante esas mismas instancias o bien, ante la vía de legalidad competente, por tratarse de aspectos de legalidad ordinaria no dirimibles en esta sede constitucional. Aunado a lo anterior, se verifica que el proyecto en cuestión se ha venido desarrollando por etapas y se encuentra programado para finalizarse en el año 2028, de ahí que, el reclamo del accionante devendría de prematuro pues se basa en hechos futuros e inciertos.
Ergo, este alegato debe ser declarado sin lugar el recurso, como efecto se hace. b) Sin perjuicio de lo anterior, visto lo informado por la autoridad recurrida y dada la relevancia del proyecto en cuestión conforme lo dispuesto en el numeral 50 constitucional, estima esta Sala que existe una incertidumbre respecto a la forma en que se continuará con el desarrollo del proyecto, dados los obstáculos financieros que el mismo Instituto recurrido admite y que han llevado a la necesidad de la elaboración de un informe con el estado de los proyectos, con el fin de establecer la toma de decisiones respecto a estos; sin embargo, no se extrae del informe rendido a esta Sala, que exista una fecha cierta para la finalización de la confección del documento al cual hace referencia la autoridad accionada y que permita, considerar que la ejecución del proyecto no sufrirá mayores contratiempos pese a la situación expuesta. Por lo anterior, este extremo del recurso debe acogerse en los términos que se indican en la parte dispositiva.
VI.SOBRE LA GESTIÓN PRESENTADA EL 27 DE JUNIO DE 2024.- Por último, señala que mediante oficio SITRAA 2024-0097 del 27 de junio del 2024 se solicitó a la Junta Directiva de la autoridad recurrida, conocer los acuerdos de Junta Directiva que aprobaron el finiquito del proyecto, la comunicación formal del cierre, que se genere un espacio de reunión con miembros de la Junta Directiva, la Presidencia Ejecutiva, la Gerencia General, Capital Humano y todos los trabajadores de la Unidad PAPS, con el fin de que se brinde desde la administración las respuestas al respecto, y brinde un informe detallado de lo que sucederá con dicha Unidad. Acusa que, a la fecha de interposición del presente asunto no se le ha dado respuesta.
Analizados los alegatos de la parte recurrente, conviene indicarle que, aunque el derecho de petición, establecido en el artículo 27 de la Constitución Política, cuando es entendido en sentido amplio, haga referencia a la facultad que posee todo ciudadano para dirigirse por escrito a cualquier funcionario público o entidad oficial con el fin de exponer un asunto de su interés, lo cierto es que, conforme este Tribunal ha declarado en resoluciones como la sentencia N° 2015005517 de las 14:30 horas del 21 de abril de 2015, no por ello tutela solicitudes de audiencia como la que la parte recurrente pretende en la nota que reclama como desatendida. En efecto, la Sala ha declarado lo siguiente:
"... la solicitud de audiencia ante la recurrida para tratar determinados temas -como en este caso- no se ajusta al contenido del derecho de petición y pronta resolución regulados por los artículos 27 y 41, de la Constitución Política, de modo que el hecho de que no se le haya indicado a la amparada nada sobre la audiencia solicitada no constituye lesión a los citados artículos de la Constitución Política. Debe tener presente la recurrente que la solicitud planteada en ese sentido, no es el ejercicio del derecho de petición, y aún menos del derecho a una justicia pronta y cumplida, sino una simple solicitud de ser atendido por la recurrida, audiencia que, en todo caso, se determinará de acuerdo con las posibilidades y actividades que tenga la accionada". (Sentencia N° 2015005517 de las 14:30 horas del 21 de abril de 2015; el resaltado con subrayado no es del original).
Así las cosas, no corresponde a esta Sala conocer sobre ese reclamo, por ser un asunto de legalidad ordinaria, y, por ello, deberá la parte recurrente acudir ante la vía de legalidad respectiva, a fin de plantear allí las gestiones que estime pertinentes para que se resuelva lo que en derecho corresponda. (…)” ... Ver más Sentencias Relacionadas SALA CONSTITUCIONAL DE LA CORTE SUPREMA DE JUSTICIA. San José, a las nueve horas treinta minutos del veinte de diciembre de dos mil veinticuatro .
Recurso de amparo que se tramita en expediente No. 24-023521- 0007-CO, interpuesto por [Nombre 001], cédula de identidad [Valor 001], contra el INSTITUTO COSTARRICENSE DE ACUEDUCTOS Y ALCANTARILLADOS.
Resultando:
Redacta la Magistrada Hess Herrera; y,
Considerando:
I.OBJETO DEL RECURSO.- a) Manifiesta el recurrente que a la fecha de interposición de este recurso, el Presidente Ejecutivo y la Gerente General del AyA han incumplido con los mandatos de las Leyes 8559 y 9167, así como lo ordenado por la Junta Directiva del AyA y la Contraloría General de la República, ya que, el primero no ha suscrito los financiamientos aprobados en los acuerdos antes mencionados para garantizar la continuidad del Proyecto de Mejoramiento Ambiental del Área Metropolitana de San José y del Programa de Agua Potable y Saneamiento y la segunda no ha garantizado la finalización del Proyecto para el año 2028 como le fue ordenado; b) Acusa desobediencia de lo ordenado por esta Sala en la resolución 2007-05894; c) Solicita se ordene a la autoridad recurrida gestionar y coordinar la continuidad no solo de la Etapa 1 del Proyecto de Mejoramiento Ambiental del Área Metropolitana de San José, sino también de la Etapa 2 del Mejoramiento para que se cuente con tratamiento secundario de las aguas residuales, tomando las previsiones dentro de su presupuesto, personal y directrices instruidas desde la Contraloría General de la República, la Junta Directiva del ICAA para que se cuente con las partidas presupuestarias necesarias para la generación de estas obras de salud pública; y d) Señala que mediante oficio SITRAA 2024-0097 del 27 de junio del 2024 se solicitó a la Junta Directiva de la autoridad recurrida, información de su interés. Acusa que, a la fecha de interposición del presente asunto no se le ha dado respuesta.
De importancia para la decisión de este asunto, se estiman como debidamente demostrados los siguientes hechos, sea porque así han sido acreditados o bien porque la recurrida haya omitido referirse a ellos según lo prevenido en el auto inicial:
Delegar a la Administración la verificación del cumplimiento de las disposiciones legales y técnicas que emana de la legislación nacional, que son aplicables al Instituto, en las negociaciones de un financiamiento tanto para entes nacionales o externos. 4. Se instruye a la Gerencia General para que en coordinación con la Gerencia de la Unidad Ejecutora del Programa de Agua Potable y Saneamiento, remitan a este Despacho en el plazo de un mes, una propuesta de seguimiento y monitoreo que garantice que el proyecto 000043 de Mejoramiento Ambiental del Área Metropolitana de San José culminará en el año 2028 sin posibilidad de prórroga.” (ver informe rendido y prueba aportada).
- Acusa el recurrente que, el presidente ejecutivo y la Gerente General del A y A han incumplido con los mandatos de las Leyes 8559 y 9167 así como con lo ordenado por la Junta Directiva del AyA y la Contraloría General de la República. Sobre el particular, se impone advertir al recurrente que si estima que las autoridades accionadas han inobservado las funciones inherentes al cargo que ocupan, ya que -según aduce el accionante- el primero no ha suscrito los financiamientos aprobados en los acuerdos antes mencionados para garantizar la continuidad del Proyecto de Mejoramiento Ambiental del Área Metropolitana de San José y del Programa de Agua Potable y Saneamiento y el segunda no ha garantizado la finalización del Proyecto para el año 2028 como le fue ordenado, según la normativa que regula tales supuestos, ello en el fondo constituye una queja que no compete ventilarse ante esta Jurisdicción, toda vez que la investigación y posterior amonestación -si fuera el caso- a una autoridad pública que no ha cumplido las funciones que la propia ley le asigna, compete a otras instancias judiciales (la penal) o ante la Presidencia Ejecutiva del ICAA, por lo que podrá plantear su inconformidad ante las autoridades correspondientes de los accionados o bien, denunciar el hecho por incumplimiento de deberes, ante la vía jurisdiccional respectiva, a fin de que se resuelva lo que en derecho corresponda. Por lo expuesto, este extremo del recurso debe declararse sin lugar.
IV.SOBRE LA PRESUNTA DESOBEDIENCIA DE LA SENTENCIA N°2007-05894 DE LAS 11:58 HRS DEL 27 DE ABRIL DE 2007.- Por otra parte, alega desobediencia de lo ordenado por esta Sala en la sentencia N°2007-05894 de las 11:58 horas del 27 de abril de 2007. Al respecto, cabe indicarle al recurrente que al no figurar como parte actora o bien, si quiera como parte coadyuvante dentro el expediente N°04-008123-0007-CO, en el cual, se emitió el pronunciamiento que acusa como desatendido, carece de legitimación para presentar la presunta gestión de incumplimiento y en consecuencia, este este extremo del recurso debe desestimarse.
V.SOBRE LA PRETENSIÓN DEL RECURRENTE.-En el sub lite, el accionante solicita se ordene a la autoridad recurrida gestionar y coordinar la continuidad no solo de la Etapa 1 del Proyecto de Mejoramiento Ambiental del Área Metropolitana de San José, sino también de la Etapa 2 del Mejoramiento para que se cuente con tratamiento secundario de las aguas residuales, tomando las previsiones dentro de su presupuesto, personal y directrices instruidas desde la Contraloría General de la República, la Junta Directiva del ICAA para que se cuente con las partidas presupuestarias necesarias para la generación de estas obras de salud pública. Al respecto, se ha tenido por demostrado que, desde el año 2007 la autoridad recurrida ha venido ejecutando el Proyecto de Mejoramiento Ambiental del Área Metropolitana de San José (PMAAMSJ), dentro del cual, ya se cuenta con avances importantes como la construcción de la Planta de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales los Tajos inaugurada en el año 2015, la conexión de los colectores de aguas residuales de los ríos Torres, Rivera y María Aguilar en el año 2015 y 2016, así como obras de extensión, rehabilitación y remplazo de colectores y redes necesarias para llevar las aguas residuales del Área Metropolitana de San José a la Planta de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales los Tajos.
Asimismo, se tiene que en la Sesión Ordinaria No.2022-29 (Acuerdo No.2022-263) del 31 de mayo del 2022, la Junta Directiva del ICCA acordó lo siguiente: “1. Se aprueba la actualización del costo del proyecto 000043 de Mejoramiento Ambiental del Área Metropolitana de San José a un monto de US$506.75 millones, así como la ampliación de cierre al año 2028. 2. Se instruye a la Dirección de Planificación para que retome el tema del nuevo financiamiento con el Banco Nacional de Costa Rica por los US$140 millones y valore las opciones idóneas para el financiamiento del monto restante de US$74.55 millones. Por otra parte, se autoriza al Jerarca Institucional para que negocie y formalice un financiamiento por un monto de US$140 millones de dólares, mediante un crédito público y se faculta para que realice los trámites necesarios ante las entidades gubernamentales, la aprobación del proyecto y el respectivo financiamiento antes indicado. 3.
Delegar a la Administración la verificación del cumplimiento de las disposiciones legales y técnicas que emana de la legislación nacional, que son aplicables al Instituto, en las negociaciones de un financiamiento tanto para entes nacionales o externos. 4. Se instruye a la Gerencia General para que en coordinación con la Gerencia de la Unidad Ejecutora del Programa de Agua Potable y Saneamiento, remitan a este Despacho en el plazo de un mes, una propuesta de seguimiento y monitoreo que garantice que el proyecto 000043 de Mejoramiento Ambiental del Área Metropolitana de San José culminará en el año 2028 sin posibilidad de prórroga.” Por otra parte, se tiene que, según informa la autoridad recurrida, con el estado actual del Proyecto y con la terminación de las obras relacionadas a la Licitación de Construcción y Mejoras de Colectores y Subcolectores en las cuencas Rivera, Torres, María Aguilar y Tiribí, se podrán conectar alrededor de 76.272 usuarios, lo cual conlleva una reducción de los focos de contaminación del río Grande de Tárcoles.
Finalmente, se tiene que, según informa la autoridad recurrida, en cumplimiento de las disposiciones legales visibles en las leyes 8559 y 9167 se encuentra elaborando un informe con el estado de los proyectos y cuando se finalice este análisis se tomarán las acciones que sean correspondientes para el financiamiento y continuidad de los proyectos, dado que hay un compromiso por ley para cumplir el alcance de estos.
Así las cosas, el reclamo debe acogerse parcialmente por los siguientes motivos: a) El recurrente pretende que esta Sala ordene el cumplimiento de disposiciones administrativas emitidas por la Junta Directiva del ICAA, así como la Contraloría General de la República respecto al Proyecto de Mejoramiento Ambiental del Área Metropolitana de San José. En ese sentido, cabe indicarle al recurrente que la falta de ejecución de acuerdos adoptados por la autoridad recurrida, así como el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones emitidas por la Contraloría General de la República, son reclamos que deben ser planteados ante esas mismas instancias o bien, ante la vía de legalidad competente, por tratarse de aspectos de legalidad ordinaria no dirimibles en esta sede constitucional. Aunado a lo anterior, se verifica que el proyecto en cuestión se ha venido desarrollando por etapas y se encuentra programado para finalizarse en el año 2028, de ahí que, el reclamo del accionante devendría de prematuro pues se basa en hechos futuros e inciertos.
Ergo, este alegato debe ser declarado sin lugar el recurso, como efecto se hace. b) Sin perjuicio de lo anterior, visto lo informado por la autoridad recurrida y dada la relevancia del proyecto en cuestión conforme lo dispuesto en el numeral 50 constitucional, estima esta Sala que existe una incertidumbre respecto a la forma en que se continuará con el desarrollo del proyecto, dados los obstáculos financieros que el mismo Instituto recurrido admite y que han llevado a la necesidad de la elaboración de un informe con el estado de los proyectos, con el fin de establecer la toma de decisiones respecto a estos; sin embargo, no se extrae del informe rendido a esta Sala, que exista una fecha cierta para la finalización de la confección del documento al cual hace referencia la autoridad accionada y que permita, considerar que la ejecución del proyecto no sufrirá mayores contratiempos pese a la situación expuesta. Por lo anterior, este extremo del recurso debe acogerse en los términos que se indican en la parte dispositiva.
VI.SOBRE LA GESTIÓN PRESENTADA EL 27 DE JUNIO DE 2024.- Por último, señala que mediante oficio SITRAA 2024-0097 del 27 de junio del 2024 se solicitó a la Junta Directiva de la autoridad recurrida, conocer los acuerdos de Junta Directiva que aprobaron el finiquito del proyecto, la comunicación formal del cierre, que se genere un espacio de reunión con miembros de la Junta Directiva, la Presidencia Ejecutiva, la Gerencia General, Capital Humano y todos los trabajadores de la Unidad PAPS, con el fin de que se brinde desde la administración las respuestas al respecto, y brinde un informe detallado de lo que sucederá con dicha Unidad. Acusa que, a la fecha de interposición del presente asunto no se le ha dado respuesta.
Analizados los alegatos de la parte recurrente, conviene indicarle que, aunque el derecho de petición, establecido en el artículo 27 de la Constitución Política, cuando es entendido en sentido amplio, haga referencia a la facultad que posee todo ciudadano para dirigirse por escrito a cualquier funcionario público o entidad oficial con el fin de exponer un asunto de su interés, lo cierto es que, conforme este Tribunal ha declarado en resoluciones como la sentencia N° 2015005517 de las 14:30 horas del 21 de abril de 2015, no por ello tutela solicitudes de audiencia como la que la parte recurrente pretende en la nota que reclama como desatendida. En efecto, la Sala ha declarado lo siguiente:
"... la solicitud de audiencia ante la recurrida para tratar determinados temas -como en este caso- no se ajusta al contenido del derecho de petición y pronta resolución regulados por los artículos 27 y 41, de la Constitución Política, de modo que el hecho de que no se le haya indicado a la amparada nada sobre la audiencia solicitada no constituye lesión a los citados artículos de la Constitución Política. Debe tener presente la recurrente que la solicitud planteada en ese sentido, no es el ejercicio del derecho de petición, y aún menos del derecho a una justicia pronta y cumplida, sino una simple solicitud de ser atendido por la recurrida, audiencia que, en todo caso, se determinará de acuerdo con las posibilidades y actividades que tenga la accionada". (Sentencia N° 2015005517 de las 14:30 horas del 21 de abril de 2015; el resaltado con subrayado no es del original).
Así las cosas, no corresponde a esta Sala conocer sobre ese reclamo, por ser un asunto de legalidad ordinaria, y, por ello, deberá la parte recurrente acudir ante la vía de legalidad respectiva, a fin de plantear allí las gestiones que estime pertinentes para que se resuelva lo que en derecho corresponda.
Se previene a las partes que de haber aportado algún documento en papel, así como objetos o pruebas contenidas en algún dispositivo adicional de carácter electrónico, informático, magnético, óptico, telemático o producido por nuevas tecnologías, estos deberán ser retirados del despacho en un plazo máximo de 30 días hábiles contados a partir de la notificación de esta sentencia. De lo contrario, será destruido todo aquel material que no sea retirado dentro de este plazo, según lo dispuesto en el "Reglamento sobre Expediente Electrónico ante el Poder Judicial", aprobado por la Corte Plena en sesión N° 27-11 del 22 de agosto del 2011, artículo XXVI y publicado en el Boletín Judicial N° 19 del 26 de enero del 2012, así como en el acuerdo aprobado por el Consejo Superior del Poder Judicial, en la sesión N° 43-12 celebrada el 3 de mayo del 2012, artículo LXXXI.
POR TANTO:
Se declara parcialmente con lugar el recurso, únicamente por la demora en la elaboración del informe de la administración superior con el estado de los proyectos, con base en el cual se adoptarán las medidas necesarias para darles continuidad. Se ordena a Juan Manuel Quesada Espinoza, presidente ejecutivo y a María Alejandra Mora Segura, gerente general, ambos del Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados, o a quienes en sus lugares ejerzan dichos cargos, que dentro del ámbito de sus competencias, giren las órdenes necesarias, realicen las acciones y coordinaciones que correspondan, para que en el plazo de SEIS MESES, contados a partir de la notificación de esta resolución, finalicen la elaboración del documento y plan de acción que se informa a esta Sala. Se advierte a la autoridad recurrida que, de conformidad con lo establecido por el artículo 71 de la Ley de la Jurisdicción Constitucional, se impondrá prisión de tres meses a dos años o de veinte a sesenta días multa, a quien recibiere una orden que deba cumplir o hacer cumplir, dictada dentro de un recurso de amparo y no la cumpliere o no la hiciere cumplir, siempre que el delito no esté más gravemente penado.
Se condena al Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados al pago de las costas, daños y perjuicios causados con los hechos que sirven de base a esta declaratoria, los que se liquidarán en ejecución de sentencia de lo contencioso administrativo. En lo demás, se declara sin lugar el recurso. Notifíquese. - Fernando Cruz C.
Presidente a.i Luis Fdo. Salazar A.
Jorge Araya G.
Anamari Garro V.
Ingrid Hess H.
Aracelly Pacheco S.
Alexandra Alvarado P.
Clasificación elaborada por SALA CONSTITUCIONALdel Poder Judicial. Prohibida su reproducción y/o distribución en forma onerosa.
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