For the purposes of Law 9071 and this Regulation, the definitions indicated below must be used:
1. Agricultural Activity (Actividad Agropecuaria): Productive activity consisting of the development of a plant or animal biological cycle, linked directly or indirectly to the enjoyment of natural forces and resources, which translates economically into the obtaining of plant or animal products, including fallow areas.
2. Fallow (Barbecho): Technique by which the land is left unsown for one or several vegetative cycles, with the purpose of rotating crops, replenishing nutrients, recovering and storing organic matter and moisture, improving the chemical composition of the soil, or avoiding the impact of pathogens (pests or diseases) by interrupting their productive or reproductive cycles, due to the lack of available hosts. When land is fallow, it is left to rest for a maximum period of 36 consecutive months, so that the soil balance can be naturally restored.
3. Real Property (Bien Inmueble): Land, installation, fixed and permanent construction that exists on real estate, both urban and rural.
4. Land Use Capacity (Capacidad de uso de la tierra): Optimum degree of utilization possessed by a given area of land based on the qualification of its limitations for producing crops in a sustained manner and for prolonged periods, in accordance with the official methodology in force for determining the land use capacity of Costa Rica.
5. Agricultural Census (Censo Agropecuario): System of statistical information on the state and structure of the agricultural sector, which makes it possible to determine land use and the areas dedicated to various production systems, in an updated, reliable, and appropriate manner for the formulation of development plans, programs, and instruments, studies, and policy analyses aimed at improving efficiency and effectiveness in the management of the agricultural sector.
6. Due Process (Debido Proceso): Constitutional principle by which the public administration must respect minimum guarantees aimed at ensuring the administered party a just and equitable result within any process, the right to be heard, and to assert their legitimate claims against the actions of the Public Administration.
7. Sworn Declaration of Real Property for Agricultural Use (Declaración Jurada de Bienes Inmuebles para Uso Agropecuario): Written statement by the taxpayer of the Real Property Tax or their legal representative in which they declare, under oath before the Municipal Tax Administration, that their land is dedicated to primary agricultural activity.
8. Exemption under Law 7779 (Exoneración según Ley 7779): Exemption established in Article 49 of the Law on the Use, Management, and Conservation of Soils, of 40% of the Real Property Tax payment, for owners or possessors of agricultural lands who use it according to its use capacity and apply soil management, conservation, and recovery practices.
9. Correction or Adjustment Factor (Factor de corrección o de ajuste): Influence of each variable in determining the value of agricultural land, from the zonal value, of the agricultural valuation platform expressed through a mathematical relationship.
10. Typical Agricultural Farm (Finca tipo agropecuario): Real property used as a parameter in the valuation of agricultural lands, whose characteristics are frequent in the area and for which a unit value per hectare has been defined that serves as the basis for the particular valuation of a farm.
11. Farm under Agricultural Use (Finca de uso agropecuario): Real property destined for the exploitation of the land, composed of a delimited area of land for agricultural production, whose products come directly from the field, from protected environments, from hydroponic technology, or from tissue culture, and includes fallow areas.
12. Agricultural and Agroindustrial Infrastructure (Infraestructura agropecuaria y agroindustrial): The set of constructions necessary for the development of primary agricultural production activities, located within the area of farms under agricultural use. It includes, among others, warehouses, stables, farmworker housing, greenhouses, wastewater treatment plants, biodigesters, fry laboratories, ponds, water reservoirs, corrals, dairies, milking parlors, feedlots, pigsties, poultry farms, farms dedicated to other minor livestock species, silos, drinking troughs, fences, irrigation and drainage works, receiving, sorting, cleaning, dry or refrigerated storage, and packing areas for primary agricultural products.
13. Law: Law of Special Regulations on the application of Law No. 7509, "Real Property Tax Law," of May 9, 1995, for Land under Agricultural Use, Law No. 9071 of September 17, 2012.
14. Information Matrix for the Agricultural Value Map (Matriz de Información del Mapa de Valor Agropecuario): Summary table containing information with the characteristics of each typical agricultural farm.
15. ONT: Technical Standardization Body (Órgano de Normalización Técnica) of the Ministry of Finance.
16. Parameters (Parámetros): Data, factors, variables, or characteristics taken into account to prepare the Agricultural Valuation Platforms (Plataformas de Valores Agropecuarios).
17. Small and Medium Agricultural Producer (Pequeño y mediano productor agropecuario): For the purposes of Transitional Provision V of the Law, a small or medium agricultural producer shall be understood as the natural or legal person that the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock qualifies as such, according to executive decree 37911-MAG of August 19, 2013.
18. Agricultural Valuation Platforms (Plataformas de Valores Agropecuarios): The result of scientific and technical research on the use and value of land, carried out by the Technical Standardization Body, which leads to the delimitation and description of the territory into zones of similar characteristics in their agricultural, livestock activity and in biophysical resources. It is composed of the Agricultural Value Maps, Roads, Slopes and Land Use Capacity Maps, complemented by the Information Matrix for Agricultural Value Zones, the Technical Report, the Calculation Report, and the Comparative Valuation Program that allow obtaining the individualized value of each agricultural land within a canton or district. The agricultural census will provide relevant technical information for the preparation of the platform, which will be incorporated into the variables when it becomes transcendental in its formation.
19. Agricultural Primary Production (Producción primaria agropecuaria): Any economic activity derived from the cultivation of the land, favored by the action of man, which includes the production of plant and animal foods, aquaculture, and apiculture, as well as other agricultural products without subsequent transformation from the field, from protected environments, or from hydroponic technology, oriented towards the market and subsistence consumption.
20. Base Salary (Salario Base): In accordance with the provisions of Law No. 7337 of May 5, 1993, it is the monthly salary of "office clerk 1" that appears in the list of positions of the Ordinary Budget Law of the Republic.
21. Production Unit (Unidad productiva): Farm, property, plot, production zones, process, collection center, where agricultural product production and storage activities are carried out.
22. Agricultural Land Use (Uso del suelo agropecuario): Occupation of a determined land surface for primary agricultural production activities.
23. Homogeneous Agricultural Value Zone (Zona Homogénea de Valor Agropecuario): Set of real properties under agricultural use, with defined boundaries and a determined zonal value, which share similar characteristics in their agricultural and livestock activity and in biophysical resources.
24. Conservation and Protection Areas (Áreas de conservación y protección): all those parts or sections of land of a real property under primary agricultural use with defined boundaries dedicated to aquifer protection, environmental protection, natural forest regeneration, or where trees have been planted for protection purposes.
(Subsection 24) above thus added by Article 1 of executive decree No. 39334 of August 12, 2015)
General Provisions Purpose and Legal Presupposition