16614-MAG, of July 1, 1985, published in La Gaceta No. 206 of October 29, 1985, which created the Gandoca-Manzanillo National Wildlife Refuge, is ratified in the terms in which it was declared.
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Decreto Ejecutivo 32753 · 16/05/2005
OutcomeResultado
SummaryResumen
Executive Decree 32753-MINAE of 2005 addresses the legal situation of the Gandoca-Manzanillo National Wildlife Refuge, originally created in 1985. The decree responds to the need to clarify the refuge’s validity after subsequent regulations had altered its scope: Decree 23069-MIRENEM first eliminated the exclusion of certain urban zones, and later Decree 29019-MINAE repealed that decree, reinstating the exclusion. The government, grounding its action on Article 38 of the Organic Environmental Law, which prohibits reducing protected areas without a formal law, holds that the reinstatement of the original Article 6 (excluding urban zones) constituted an illegal reduction of the refuge and caused harm to its biodiversity. Consequently, the decree ratifies the articles that define the refuge (1, 2, 3, 4, 7, and 8) and expressly repeals Articles 5 and 6 of the original decree—the latter having excluded the urban areas of Gandoca, Manzanillo, and Puerto Viejo. These areas are thereby reincorporated into the refuge’s protection regime.El Decreto Ejecutivo 32753-MINAE, firmado en 2005, aborda la situación jurídica del Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Gandoca-Manzanillo, creado originalmente en 1985. El decreto surge ante la necesidad de aclarar la vigencia del área protegida luego de que normas posteriores (primero el Decreto 23069-MIRENEM que derogó la exclusión de zonas urbanas, y luego el Decreto 29019-MINAE que derogó aquel y restableció dicha exclusión) hubieran alterado su extensión. El gobierno, basándose en el artículo 38 de la Ley Orgánica del Ambiente que prohíbe la reducción de áreas silvestres protegidas sin ley formal, sostiene que la derogación que restableció el artículo 6° original (que excluía áreas urbanas) implicó una reducción ilegal del refugio y un daño a la biodiversidad. En consecuencia, el decreto ratifica la vigencia de los artículos que definen el refugio (1°, 2°, 3°, 4°, 7° y 8°) y deroga expresamente los artículos 5° y 6° del decreto original, este último el que excluía las áreas urbanas de Gandoca, Manzanillo y Puerto Viejo. Se reincorporan así esas áreas al régimen de protección del refugio nacional.
Key excerptExtracto clave
11°-That the repeal mentioned in Whereas Clause 9 of this decree implied a reduction of the area of the Gandoca-Manzanillo National Wildlife Refuge, contrary to the provisions of the above-cited Article 38 of Organic Environmental Law No. 7554, thereby causing harm to the biodiversity existing in the Gandoca-Manzanillo National Wildlife Refuge. Therefore, DECREE: Article 1—The validity of Articles 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, and 8 of Executive Decree No. 16614-MAG of July 1, 1985, published in La Gaceta No. 206 of October 29, 1985, creating the Gandoca-Manzanillo National Wildlife Refuge, is ratified on the terms in which it was declared.11°-Que la derogatoria mencionada en el Considerando 9 de presente decreto, implicó una reducción del área del Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Gandoca - Manzanillo, contraria a lo dispuesto por el supracitado artículo 38 de la Ley Orgánica del Ambiente, N° 7554, y ocasionando con ello un daño a la biodiversidad existente en el Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Gandoca - Manzanillo. Por tanto, DECRETAN: Artículo 1°-Ratificase la vigencia de los artículos 1°, 2°, 3°, 4°, 7° y 8° del Decreto Ejecutivo N° 16614-MAG, de 1° de julio de 1985, publicado en La Gaceta N° 206 de 29 de octubre de 1985, que creó el Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Gandoca -Manzanillo, en los términos en que fue declarado.
Pull quotesCitas destacadas
"la reducción de las áreas silvestres protegidas pertenecientes al patrimonio natural del Estado cualquiera que sea su categoría de manejo sólo puede efectuarse por Ley de la República, después de la realización de estudios técnicos que justifiquen la medida."
"the reduction of protected wild areas belonging to the natural heritage of the State, regardless of their management category, can only be carried out by Law of the Republic, after technical studies justifying the measure are conducted."
Considerando 10°
"la reducción de las áreas silvestres protegidas pertenecientes al patrimonio natural del Estado cualquiera que sea su categoría de manejo sólo puede efectuarse por Ley de la República, después de la realización de estudios técnicos que justifiquen la medida."
Considerando 10°
"los bosques y terrenos forestales de las reservas naturales, los cuales son inembargables e inalienables, su posesión por los particulares no causa derecho alguno a su favor y la acción reivindicatoria del Estado por estos terrenos es imprescriptible."
"the forests and forest lands of the natural reserves, which are inembargable and inalienable, their possession by private individuals does not create any right in their favor, and the recovery action by the State for these lands is imprescriptible."
Considerando 5°
"los bosques y terrenos forestales de las reservas naturales, los cuales son inembargables e inalienables, su posesión por los particulares no causa derecho alguno a su favor y la acción reivindicatoria del Estado por estos terrenos es imprescriptible."
Considerando 5°
"Ratificase la vigencia de los artículos 1°, 2°, 3°, 4°, 7° y 8° del Decreto Ejecutivo N° 16614-MAG... que creó el Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Gandoca -Manzanillo, en los términos en que fue declarado."
"The validity of Articles 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, and 8 of Executive Decree No. 16614-MAG... creating the Gandoca-Manzanillo National Wildlife Refuge, is ratified on the terms in which it was declared."
Artículo 1°
"Ratificase la vigencia de los artículos 1°, 2°, 3°, 4°, 7° y 8° del Decreto Ejecutivo N° 16614-MAG... que creó el Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Gandoca -Manzanillo, en los términos en que fue declarado."
Artículo 1°
Full documentDocumento completo
in the entirety of the text - Full Text of Regulation 32753 Ratifies the validity of Articles 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, and 8 of the executive decree that created the Gandoca-Manzanillo National Wildlife Refuge Full Text of record: F101C No. 32753
(This decree was repealed by Article 7 of Executive Decree No. 34043 of September 11, 2007; which was annulled by resolution of the Constitutional Chamber (Sala Constitucional) No. 1056 of January 28, 2009.)
No. 32753 THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC AND THE MINISTER OF ENVIRONMENT AND ENERGY In accordance with the powers conferred upon them by Articles 140, subsections 3) and 18), and 146 of the Political Constitution, the Organic Environmental Law (Ley Orgánica del Ambiente), No. 7554, published in La Gaceta No. 215 of November 13, 1995, the Forestry Law (Ley Forestal) No. 7575 and its amendments, published in La Gaceta No. 72 of April 16, 1996, the Biodiversity Law (Ley de Biodiversidad), No. 7788, dated April 30, 1998, published in La Gaceta No. 101 of May 27, 1998, and the Wildlife Conservation Law (Ley de Conservación de la Vida Silvestre), No. 7317, dated October 30, 1992, published in La Gaceta No. 235 of December 7, 1992, and.
I—That in accordance with the provisions of Article 50 of the Political Constitution, the Costa Rican State has the obligation to guarantee, defend, and preserve the right of all inhabitants of the country and of future generations to enjoy a healthy and ecologically balanced environment.
II—That it is the function of the State to ensure the conservation of renewable natural resources, especially those that imply the well-being and better social, economic, political, and ecological development of the region's inhabitants.
III—That by Executive Decree No. 16614-MAG, of July 1, 1985, published in La Gaceta No. 206, of October 29, 1985, the Gandoca-Manzanillo National Wildlife Refuge (Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Gandoca-Manzanillo) was created, based on the need for protection and conservation of the uniquely valuable natural resources existing in the area, which includes mangroves, forests, and coral reefs, especially since it is a nesting beach for the Baula sea turtle.
IV—That in accordance with Article 32 of the Organic Environmental Law (Ley Orgánica del Ambiente), No. 7554, and Article 82 of the Wildlife Conservation Law (Ley de Conservación de la Vida Silvestre), No. 7317, the natural resources comprised within national wildlife refuges fall under the exclusive competence and management of the General Directorate of Wildlife of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Energy, and Mines, currently the National System of Conservation Areas (Sistema Nacional de Áreas de Conservación) of the Ministry of Environment and Energy, by virtue of Article 22 of the Biodiversity Law (Ley de Biodiversidad), No. 7788.
V—That Articles 13 and 14 of the Forestry Law (Ley Forestal) No. 7575 and its amendments established as natural patrimony of the State the forests and forest lands of the natural reserves, which are unseizable and inalienable; their possession by private individuals does not create any right in their favor; and the State's action of revendication for these lands is imprescriptible; consequently, they cannot be registered in the Public Registry through possessory information.
VI—That Article 73 of the Marine-Terrestrial Zone Law (Ley sobre la Zona Marítimo Terrestre), No. 6043, dated March 2, 1977, published in La Gaceta No. 52 of March 16, 1977, established that said law shall not apply to marine-terrestrial zones included within national parks and equivalent reserves, which shall be governed by their respective legislation.
VII—That the Decree creating the Gandoca-Manzanillo National Wildlife Refuge, No. 16614-MAG, of July 1, 1985, published in La Gaceta No. 206 of October 29, 1985, established in its Article 6 that the areas that, according to studies conducted by the National Institute of Housing and Urbanism (INVU), were comprised within the urban zones of Gandoca, Manzanillo, and Puerto Viejo, would not be subject to the regulations of that decree.
VIII—That subsequently, Article 16 of Executive Decree No. 23069-MIRENEM, of March 21, 1994, published in La Gaceta No. 65 of April 5, 1994, which declared restricted access to the Gandoca Beach zone, repealed the cited Article 6 of Executive Decree No. 16614-MAG, nullifying the exclusion from the application of the regulations corresponding to the National Wildlife Refuge for the areas therein mentioned as urban.
IX—That Executive Decree No. 29019-MINAE, of September 19, 2000, published in La Gaceta No. 208, of October 31, 2000, corresponding to the Regulation for Participatory Management of Natural Resources in the Gandoca-Manzanillo Wildlife Refuge, Gandoca Sector, completely repealed Executive Decree No. 23069-MIRENEM, whereby Article 6 of Executive Decree No. 16614-MAG came into force again.
X—That in accordance with Article 38 of the Organic Environmental Law (Ley Orgánica del Ambiente), No. 7554, the reduction of protected wild areas belonging to the State's natural patrimony, whatever their management category, can only be carried out by a Law of the Republic (Ley de la República), following the completion of technical studies that justify the measure.
XI—That the repeal mentioned in Whereas Clause 9 of this decree implied a reduction of the area of the Gandoca-Manzanillo National Wildlife Refuge, contrary to the provisions of the aforementioned Article 38 of the Organic Environmental Law (Ley Orgánica del Ambiente), No. 7554, thereby causing damage to the existing biodiversity in the Gandoca-Manzanillo National Wildlife Refuge. Therefore, THEY DECREE:
Whereas:
16614-MAG, of July 1, 1985, published in La Gaceta No. 206 of October 29, 1985, which created the Gandoca-Manzanillo National Wildlife Refuge, is ratified in the terms in which it was declared.
16614-MAG, of July 1, 1985, published in La Gaceta No. 206 of October 29, 1985, are repealed.
Issued at the Presidency of the Republic.—San José, on the sixteenth day of May, two thousand five.
en la totalidad del texto - Texto Completo Norma 32753 Ratifica vigencia de los artículos 1°, 2°, 3°, 4°, 7° y 8° del decreto ejecutivo que creó el Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Gandoca- Manzanillo Texto Completo acta: F101C N° 32753
(Este decreto fue derogado mediante el artículo 7° del decreto ejecutivo N° 34043 del 11 de setiembre del 2007; mismo que fue anulado mediante resolución de la Sala Constitucional N° 1056 del 28 de enero del 2009.)
N° 32753 EL PRESIDENTE DE LA REPÚBLICA Y EL MINISTRO DEL AMBIENTE Y ENERGÍA De conformidad con las facultades que les confieren los artículos 140, incisos 3) y 18) y 146, de la Constitución Política, la Ley Orgánica del Ambiente, N° 7554, publicada en La Gaceta N° 215 del 13 de noviembre de 1995, la Ley Forestal N° 7575 y sus reformas, publicada en La Gaceta N° 72 del 16 de abril de 1996, la Ley de Biodiversidad, N° 7788, de fecha 30 de abril de 1998, publicada en La Gaceta N° 101, del 27 de mayo de 1998 y la Ley de Conservación de la Vida Silvestre, N° 7317, de fecha 30 de octubre de 1992, publicada en La Gaceta N° 235 del 7 de diciembre de 1992, y.
Considerando:
DECRETAN:
Dado en la Presidencia de la República.—San José, a los dieciséis días del mes de mayo de dos mil cinco.
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