Education CodeCódigo de Educación

2160 of September 25, 1957)

2160 of September 25, 1957)

2160 of September 25, 1957)

2160 of September 25, 1957)

2160 of September 25, 1957)

Of the Secretary of State

3481 of January 13, 1965)

3481 of January 13, 1965)

3481 of January 13, 1965)

An Administrative Board (Junta Administradora) shall perform, with respect to Official Secondary Schools (Colegios Oficiales), similar functions.

Of the Superior Council of Public Education

It shall have a Secretary from outside its membership.

The Secretary of Public Education shall consult it when, due to the gravity and importance of the case, he deems it necessary.

The vote of the Council must, however, be heard:

• a)When contentious-administrative matters of the branch are to be decided; and b) When it involves enacting, amending, or repealing laws and regulations related to public education.

BOOK I Of Primary Education

General Provisions

2160 of September 25, 1957)

(The original first paragraph of this article was repealed by Article 49 of the Fundamental Law of Education, No. 2160 of September 25, 1957) However, parents have the right not to enroll their children in schools until they turn eight years old if their poor health does not allow them to begin their studies at seven.

On school days, during school attendance hours, they may not be employed on farms, in workshops, commercial houses, private residences, or offices, in matters unrelated to education, except in the case of leave granted by the competent authority.

Secondary education in official secondary schools (colegios oficiales) and education at the University are free for poor students. The Executive Branch shall regulate the manner of proving poverty for students of the official secondary schools, and the University Council for university students.

(Thus amended the preceding paragraph by Article 1 of Law No. 561 of June 10, 1949) (Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 48 of February 15, 1945)

2160 of September 25, 1957)

2160 of September 25, 1957)

Moral and Civic Education; Agricultural and Industrial Education; Physical and Artistic Education; National Language; Geography and History; Study of Nature.

• a)Knowing how to read fluently and comprehend what is read; knowing how to express with relative correctness what is known about any subject, and knowing how to write and compose simple letters and documents.
• b)Mastering the four fundamental operations with whole numbers and with decimal fractions, to the extent necessary to solve the problems presented by daily life activities. Knowing how to apply the acquired knowledge to problems. Knowing and knowing how to apply the formulas that determine the areas of triangles and quadrilaterals of the circle and of regular polygons, as well as the volumes of the cube, the prism, and the cylinder.
• c)Possessing sufficient elementary notions of the six Central American countries; territories, agricultural and industrial activities, communications, the location of the six republics on the American continent and of the latter in the world, and the relations of these countries with the rest.
• d)Knowing the actions of the great men of the six Republics and the culminating events of their history, as well as the meaning of the national symbols and the national holidays of all of them.
• e)Having notions of the human body, knowing the most common animals and plants in the countries of the Isthmus, as well as the industries derived from them.
• f)Knowing the duties and rights of the citizen and the functions of the main organizations and authorities of the country.
• g)Possessing moral habits and knowing and practicing the indispensable rules of hygiene and civility.

Of the Officials of Primary Education

Of the Technical and Administrative Heads

3481 of January 13, 1965)

3481 of January 13, 1965)

3481 of January 13, 1965)

Of the School Inspectors and Visiting Supervisors

794 of November 2, 1949)

794 of November 2, 1949)

794 of November 2, 1949)

794 of November 2, 1949)

794 of November 2, 1949)

Of the Technical Directors of Special Subjects

794 of November 2, 1949)

Of the Assistant Visiting Supervisors

794 of November 2, 1949)

1st.- Making visits to schools that are not of the Third Order.

In the event that their superior instructs them to visit a school of the First or Second Order, this official must do so, on each occasion, by means of a note that is to be presented to the Director of the visited school and which the latter shall keep in its archives. In a single month, Assistant Visiting Supervisors may not be authorized to visit more than four schools of the First or Second Order; 2nd.- Holding meetings of teachers or students from the schools of the province without those meetings being convened by the Inspector of Schools, to whom the Technical Director of the subject must make the corresponding request; 3rd.- Granting permission to the female teachers of their province to miss lessons or any school function they are obliged to attend; 4th.- Holding competitions among students from the same or different schools without the prior authorization of the Technical Director of the subject; and 5th.- Intervening in the creation of schedules, which are the responsibility of the respective Director.

(Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 48 of February 15, 1945)

Of the Boards of Education a) General Provisions

2160 of September 25, 1957)

2160 of September 25, 1957)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

8823 of May 5, 2010, "Reform of several laws on the participation of the Office of the Comptroller General of the Republic for the simplification and Strengthening of Public Management")

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025) d) National Education Fund (Note from Sinalevi: See Article 16 of the Law of Financial Administration of the Republic No. 1279 of May 2, 1951, which regulates the income and expenditures of the National Treasury).

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

Of the School Boards of Trustees

The School Boards of Trustees shall collaborate in the work entrusted to the Boards of Education and, in general, in all activities of an educational nature, preferably promoting the material progress of the schools and everything that tends to the welfare of the children.

That assembly shall designate a Board composed of a President, a Secretary, a Treasurer, and five members. It shall be sought that in it, in addition to persons from the neighborhood linked to the school, there be members of the Teaching Staff in a proportion commensurate to the number of students who attend it.

The foods and beverages sold there shall be supervised directly by the Director of the school and, if applicable, by the health authority, so that the requirements prescribed by hygiene are met.

When it involves raffles or fairs, the communication must be sent at least twenty days before the date set for carrying them out.

• a)To keep a detailed account of income and expenditures; b) To report quarterly to the School Inspectorate on the movement of funds; c) To send a documented copy of the statement of accounts to the School Inspectorate and a simple copy to the General School Accounting Office; d) To render accounts of the state of the funds at the ordinary assemblies of Parents, and to any of them privately when so requested; e) To keep a Minutes Book.

The funds received by them as donations may only be used for the purposes indicated by the donors.

The corresponding fees shall be collected by the Director of the school but shall retain a strictly voluntary character, so that any attitude of the contributors is always respected and those who find themselves in the situation of suspending their contribution are not harmed in any way.

Of the School Agricultural Councils

• a)Disseminate among the residents those procedures for prophylaxis and curing of animals, destruction of parasites, use of fertilizers, and disinfection of land, that are most suitable for the locality; b) Combat through persuasion and teaching, and even using the authorities when necessary, all those practices contrary to agricultural technique or in conflict with the provisions of forest laws; c) Ensure that the work done by the students in their agricultural fields is respected, even during periods of school recess; and d) Cooperate with the employees of the Secretariat of Agriculture, and take the initiative in the pursuit of ants, locusts, and other pests that harm agricultural work.

(Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 48 of February 15, 1945)

Of the Teaching Staff

Integration and Classification

Transitory.- Public Health nurses who also hold the title of School Health Assistants and are currently covered by the Teachers' Insurance Regime and its Pension and Retirement Fund, may continue to be part of them, in accordance with the provisions of the Education Code.

(Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 1261 of January 26, 1951)

• a)Grade teachers are divided into four groups and each group into three categories. Group A is formed by teachers who hold a professional degree issued by the Faculty of Pedagogy of the National University, graduates of the old Normal School of Costa Rica or of the old Normal Sections of the Liceo de Costa Rica or the Colegio Superior de Señoritas, graduates of the Normal Schools with a baccalaureate basis, and graduates of the Faculties of Sciences and of Philosophy and Letters of the National University; group B, graduates of the Regional Normal Schools that do not have a baccalaureate basis and graduates of the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters of the National University who serve in primary schools as ordinary teachers; group C, those who hold the Superior Certificate of Aptitude for primary education; and group D, those who hold the Elementary Certificate of Aptitude for said education.
• b)However, regional normal teachers shall be equated, for salary purposes, to those of group A, and shall definitively pass to this latter group after six years of service, provided that their ratings have been Good or higher than Good.

(Thus amended the preceding subsection by Article 1 of Law No. 2584 of June 17, 1960) c) Within each group, it is considered that teachers who have provided teaching services for a period of no less than six years belong to the First Category; those who have more than three years of service and have not completed six belong to the Second; and those who do not meet those conditions belong to the Third.

Students of the Professional Teacher Training Institute, whether ordinary or special teachers, who pass the exams for their graduation, shall be considered included in group "b" of the Salary Scale (Escalafón), and those who take and pass one more year shall pass to group "A", in accordance with the programs, materials, and study plans that shall be added to the institution's regulations.

Secondary Education teachers shall be assimilated, for salary purposes, to group "B", and if they pass a post-graduate year, they shall be included in said group.

(Note from Sinalevi: Article 1 of Law No. 2718 of February 1, 1961 originally added three paragraphs at the end of this numeral. Subsequently, Article 1 of Law No. 3254 of December 12, 1963 consolidated them into two paragraphs, with the indicated modifications)

Group A is formed by teachers who hold degrees issued by the School of Fine Arts, the National Conservatory of Music, or the Board of Directors of Secondary and Normal Education; group B, graduates of the School of Fine Arts and the National Conservatory of Music without a Bachelor's degree, graduates of the Women's Professional School, Catholic priests who are appointed as Religion teachers in primary schools, and Music teachers who hold the Certificate of Competency (Certificado de Idoneidad) and also the Certificate of Achievement issued by the University of Costa Rica; group C, those who hold the Certificate of Competency for the teaching of their corresponding subject.

Within each group, it is considered that teachers who have provided teaching services for a period of no less than six years belong to the First Category; those who have more than three years of service and have not completed six belong to the Second; and those who do not meet those conditions belong to the Third.

(Thus amended by the sole article of Law No. 1944 of October 3, 1955)

1249 of December 20, 1950)

Conditions for Practicing the Teaching Profession

• a)Be over eighteen years of age, except in the case of graduates of official teaching establishments authorized for the training of teachers, in which case the aspirants must be over sixteen years of age; b) Hold the title of Professor of Primary Education, or Normal Teacher, or Certificate of Aptitude and Competency (Certificado de Aptitud e Idoneidad) for teaching; c) Be of good conduct; d) Not have physical defects or contagious or other diseases that incapacitate them for the performance of their duties; e) Have formed the personal file referred to in the following article.

Nevertheless, to fill the positions that are vacant due to a lack of qualified teachers, the Secretariat of Education may temporarily appoint, as Aspirants, persons who lack the degrees indicated in subsection b), provided they meet the other requirements set forth in this article and have a certificate of completion of primary studies.

(Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 1107 of December 26, 1947)

• a)Certification of birth issued by the Civil Registry; b) Diploma of Professor of Primary Education or Normal Teacher, or Certificate of Aptitude or Competency, or authentic proof that such documents are registered in the corresponding registry; c) Health certificate issued by the Department of Epidemiology of the Secretariat of Public Health or, failing that, by an Official Physician, certifying physical fitness for the proper performance of teaching functions; d) In the case of aspirants or teachers who are not graduates of the University of Costa Rica, a certificate of good conduct issued by the Board of Education of the place of residence of the interested party.

Conditions for Exercising the Position of School Health Assistant

1261 of January 26, 1951)

1261 of January 26, 1951)

Appointment

The school health assistants shall be appointed by the Secretariat of Public Health and shall report to the School Health Department of said Secretariat.

Service Record

1º.- Number and date of the appointment decision.

2º.- Time served during the year.

3º.- Punctuality in attendance.

4º.- Other aspects of their work.

5º.- Leaves of absence and their reasons.

6º.- Quality of services.

7º.- Incentives.

8º.- Censures.

Excellent.- Corresponds to truly exceptional work: solid intellectual preparation; effective work in the classroom and in the agricultural field; manifest interest in school socialization efforts; a desire for self-improvement revealed in a constant aptitude to serve the highest ideals of the school; sincerity in their conduct within the school, with effort and dedication that bring prestige to the entire teaching profession; mastery of the pedagogical principles recommended by superiors: commitment to the socialization of the school; elevated interpretation of the programs, regulations, and provisions of the hierarchical superior; due observance of the rights of children and the aspirations of the Republic; application in their work of the principles of integral education; capacity to work with notable aptitude in all grades of primary school; readiness to take charge of the grade assigned to them; distinction in procedures, lesson plans, teaching materials, discipline, and written work; effectiveness in the guidance of agricultural work, in relation to the country's needs, and a constant desire for improvement.

Very Good.- Reveals solid intellectual preparation; effective work in the classroom and in the agricultural field; enthusiastic and determined collaboration in school outreach work; a desire for self-improvement and evident spirit of betterment; pedagogical skill, elevated and correct interpretation of the programs in force; knowledge and observance of school legislation and other regulatory provisions, a spirit of service evidenced in their classroom work and in relationships with colleagues and parents; excellent moral and social qualities and manifest sincerity in teaching activities; correct presentation before others and respectful treatment toward all persons.

Good.- Demonstrates appreciable intellectual preparation; good work in the classroom and in the agricultural field; manifest interest in school socialization efforts; knowledge of and respect for legal and regulatory provisions; a spirit of cooperation, service, and collegiality; exactness, cleanliness, and order in the records, daily journal, and other books kept by the teacher, and manifest punctuality.

Acceptable.- Indicates sufficient knowledge in the subjects of their position; complete classroom work, although not entirely satisfactory; capacity and willingness to improve the educator's own conditions; punctuality, good social habits, knowledge of and compliance with the legal and regulatory provisions in force.

Mediocre.- Reveals classroom work and, in general, school work that is incomplete and unsatisfactory; little commitment to professional improvement; marked lack of punctuality.

Ineffective.- Demonstrates notoriously poor service, evidenced by acts contrary to the good governance of the school, revealing incapacity for the exercise of teaching.

The rating of Excellent shall not be given to teachers who have failed to attend any of the events to which they were summoned by their superior or who have more than fifteen absences, even if justified, except in the cases contemplated in Articles 134 and 144 of this Code.

The rating of Very Good shall not be given to teachers who have missed any of said events, or who have more than twenty absences, even if justified, except in the indicated cases.

The rating of Excellent or Very Good, nor that of Good, shall be given to a teacher who has more than three unjustified absences.

Classification Board

The powers of the Board are:

1º.- To assign their categories to teachers and to health assistants.

2º.- To agree upon regulatory promotions.

3º.- To formulate the General Roster of Teachers, and that of health assistants.

4º.- To report on pension applications regarding the years of service rendered.

4º.- To collaborate in the drafting of the forms for service records, examination reports, and any other documents deemed pertinent.

However, a teacher who has obtained the rating of Acceptable in a year of service may also be promoted in their category, provided that this is not the last year of the period required for promotion.

1º.- The years in which the credentialed teacher has served as a regular or alternate member of the Legislative Branch; 2º.- Those in which they have provided services in the country in recognized private schools or high schools, of primary or secondary education, or in any position related to public education, provided that their performance requires them to stay current with educational progress, that they have contributed to the dissemination of national culture, and that their services have been considered good, all circumstances that must be recorded in the respective file; 3º.- The years they have served in schools or high schools of other countries, provided that they have obtained prior authorization from the Secretariat of Public Education and that they meet the other requirements indicated in the preceding subsection.

In all cases, the teacher or professor who wishes to avail themselves of this right must continue contributing to the pension fund prescribed by Article 192, in proportion to the salary that would correspond to them according to their category, and in the event that they have not done so, they must refund the total amount of the contributions they failed to pay, before being granted promotion or retirement.

1º.- The careful arrangement and custody of the personal and pension files of teachers and health assistants, and of the books, records, and other documents of the Board.

2º.- Maintaining the registry of titles and certificates.

3º.- Serving as the communication channel between the Board and the Teaching Personnel of the Republic.

4º.- Issuing the certifications requested, with the approval of the Administrative Head of Primary Education.

5º.- Preventing, under any circumstances, the removal from the office of files, books, or documents of any kind that have been entered into its books, except when requested by competent authority, and in this case, upon prior receipt to be collected in a book intended for that purpose.

6º.- Providing teachers and health assistants with all kinds of information relating to their personal files.

7º.- Adding service records to the respective files and maintaining the necessary control so that none of those records fails to be sent in the cases indicated by this law.

Salaries

BASIC SALARIES GRADE-LEVEL TEACHERS (Monthly Salaries)

SPECIAL-SUBJECT TEACHERS Monthly Salaries per weekly lesson

SPECIAL-SUBJECT SCHOOL VISITORS Basic monthly salary ....................¢ 552.50 II SUPPLEMENTARY SALARIES Primary education teachers and professors, in charge of the provincial direction of schools, primary education supervision, and the direction of a school, shall be entitled to a supplementary salary, on top of their category, in accordance with the following scale:

For the application of this scale, the average enrollment of the previous school year shall be taken into account. In the case of new schools, the initial enrollment shall be used.

• d)Teachers and professors in charge of the sub-direction of a school shall be entitled to a supplementary salary, on top of their category, in accordance with the following scale:

The position of sub-director shall only exist in schools whose average enrollment during the school year has exceeded 600 students. Its functions shall be regulated by the General Administration of the Ministry of Public Education.

• e)Teachers and professors who are in charge of two sections shall be entitled to a monthly supplementary salary of one hundred colones, provided they do not earn the Director’s salary. The Ministry of Public Education, in consultation with the Budget Office, may prudently increase this supplementary salary when it has funds to do so.

This supplementary salary shall be recognized when the teacher or professor is in charge of more than 25 students, except in highly qualified cases, in the judgment of the General Administration.

The function of Director is declared incompatible with an alternating-schedule overload, whenever the schools have five or more sections.

• f)Primary education teachers or professors who hold the position of Provincial Director of Primary Education, Primary Education Supervisor, or Special-Subject School Visitor, shall also be entitled to an additional sum, for travel expenses, of a minimum of ¢ 125.00 monthly.
• g)Teachers or professors and other servants dependent on the Ministry of Public Education, who provide services in remote or unhealthy regions of the country, according to the classification of each place to be made by the Ministry by means of an Executive Decree, shall be entitled to a zone supplementary salary that shall range between twenty-five and one hundred percent of their category or budget salary, in the case of administrative employees, and shall be drawn against the Teaching Personnel budget line.
• h)Grade-level teachers and special-subject teachers, school directors, and the officials cited in subsection f) of this article, whose services in the Teaching Profession have been rated as excellent, shall be entitled to a monthly supplementary salary of ¢ 50.00 for every ten years rated with that mark. The referred-to teachers, directors, and officials, who have acquired the right to this supplementary salary, shall continue to enjoy it even if they go on to serve administrative functions dependent on the Ministry of Public Education.

Payment of this supplementary salary shall be made against the Teaching Personnel budget line.

• i)Primary education teachers or professors who are appointed by the Ministry of Public Education to serve as secondary education professors, or to perform administrative positions, dependent on the Provincial Directorates of Primary Education or the Secondary Education High Schools and Normal Schools, shall be entitled to their category salary, even if the allocation established by the Budget Law is lower, provided that such officials only perform the administrative position. They shall retain the right to promotion in their category for years served and to the "excellent" supplementary salary according to subsection h) of this article.
• j)There shall exist an overload supplementary salary for special tasks, which shall be paid in accordance with the regulations issued for that purpose by the Ministry of Public Education and which may not exceed fifty percent (50%) of the category salary.

(As thus amended the previous subsection by Article 1° of law N° 9655 of February 4, 2019) (As thus amended by Article 1° of law N° 1903 of July 13, 1955)

Duties of Teachers

1º.- To comply with school laws and regulations, as well as any other provision issued by competent authority in the field, provided that it does not mistreat the teacher's dignity, nor contradict provisions of the law.

2º.- To remain at their post throughout the entire school year and not to leave it without having fulfilled all the requirements for closing.

3º.- To personally direct the education and instruction of the children under their charge, attending to all with equal care, without missing any opportunity to inculcate in them the precepts of morality and to inspire in them the sentiment of duty, love of Country, respect for national institutions and public liberties.

4º.- To attend their class punctually, as well as conferences and other events for which they are summoned by their superior.

5º.- To ensure that the school building, furniture, and equipment are kept in good condition and to report to the appropriate authority any damage caused to them.

6º.- To keep the regulatory books and records with care and in the proper form.

7º.- To notify their superior in case of absence and to justify the absence; this notice shall be given in advance, when possible.

8º.- To inform families in a timely manner about student absences and the grades obtained by them.

9º.- To monitor with the utmost care the morals and good behavior of the students, both outside and inside the establishment.

10.- To carry out all orders received regarding school health service.

11.- To contribute to the pension fund for teachers or to the social insurance fund, as applicable.

12.- To arrive at the school ten minutes before the appointed time and to enter and remain there until the completion of daily tasks.

13.- To take advantage of every opportune moment to better study the character and nature of the children whose education is entrusted to them.

14.- To remain, both directors and teachers, at their post for up to fifteen days after having submitted their resignation, except in the case that it is accepted earlier or that they can prove they are absolutely unable to continue in the exercise of their teaching functions.

1º.- To meddle in private or public matters that violate the neutrality of education, or that compromise the harmony that should exist within the school and between the school and society.

2º.- To engage, within or outside the school, in any trade, profession, or business that renders them unable to fulfill with full punctuality the obligations of the Teaching Profession or that diminishes their dignity.

3º.- To impose on students punishments other than those authorized by law or regulations.

4º.- To raise or propose, without superior order or authorization, subscriptions among students or to incite them to sign petitions or declarations of any nature.

5º.- To attend as a body with the students, or to induce them to attend, celebrations not authorized by law or by competent authority in the field.

6º.- To direct attacks against the religious beliefs of their pupils or of their families.

1º.- To constantly and directly see to the order, discipline, and morality of the instruction, and to exercise active vigilance over the teachers, students, and subordinate employees so that everyone fulfills their obligations exactly.

2º.- To direct the instruction, visit the various classes as frequently as possible; to attentively observe the lessons and the condition of the furniture and equipment; to question and have students questioned when and as deemed necessary; and to give the lessons judged necessary to clarify and illustrate the indications that teachers make regarding methods and procedures, aimed at achieving success in the teaching tasks.

3º.- To frequently gather the teachers of their school in conference for the purpose of critiquing the work, exchanging ideas on the progress of the establishment, and discussing matters of interest to the teachers' development and the school's progress. Minutes shall be recorded in a special book for each of these conferences, which shall be examined and approved in due course by the School Visitor.

4º.- To arrive at the school at least fifteen minutes before the time set for lessons to begin and to remain there until the school day's tasks end, except in the case of being called by a superior or due to absolute necessity proven before the respective School Visitor.

5º.- To send the list of unjustified absences to the Education Board each Saturday.

6º.- To issue reports and provide data requested by competent authority.

7º.- To handle the school's correspondence and the stub books for enrollment, inventories, visits, etc.

8º.- To also keep a daily journal in which they shall note with complete accuracy, but concisely, the absences of the teachers, the visits they make to each class and those received from school authorities, the lessons they give, and any fact or event worth mentioning in this chronicle of the school.

9º.- To replace or have replaced, in due form, absent teachers, for which purpose they shall proceed in agreement with the School Visitor, whenever the latter can be consulted.

10.- To immediately report to the Inspector the justified or unjustified absences incurred by teachers.

11.- To authorize with their signature all documents issued by the school for end-of-course assessments.

12.- To notify the Education Board of damage caused by the children, so that it may demand payment of its value from the responsible party.

13.- To forward in due time to the respective Inspectorate the service list and the monthly statistical report.

14.- To maintain the school library and archive in perfect order and duly catalogued, and to record any work or file that leaves them, signed by the person receiving it.

15.- To not admit auditors or other children who do not meet the conditions necessary to enter the school.

16.- To ensure compliance with the provision of the law regarding vaccination, informing the school health authorities of the number of children who are not vaccinated.

17.- To request, through the appropriate channel, the measures considered necessary for the good conduct and improvement of the establishment.

Rights of Teachers

They shall be exempt from all military and police service, except in the case of external war, and shall have the right to enjoy the pensions established by Articles 166 and following of this Code, or those corresponding under the Social Security provisions as applicable.

1º.- Due to physical deformity that incapacitates them from maintaining respect and discipline.

2º.- Due to incapacity evidenced by acts contrary to good school governance.

3º.- Due to illness of any nature, which endangers the health of the children and notoriously prevents the teacher from exercising the Teaching Profession, and which is declared incurable or chronic by the School Doctor or, failing that, by two medical practitioners.

4º.- Due to atrophy or notorious weakening of mental faculties, inexcusable backwardness in their science or professional art, duly proven.

5º.- Due to incapacity to maintain order and discipline using regulatory means.

6º.- Due to unjustified abandonment of their duties.

7º.- Due to legally proven criminal conduct.

Leaves of Absence

Teachers and other employees of a school shall submit the request to the director, who shall immediately forward it to the Inspector with the corresponding report.

For a longer period, granting corresponds to the Secretariat of the field; but the requests must be presented to the Inspector, who shall forward them to the superior.

In exceptional cases, an extension of this benefit for up to two additional quarters may be authorized if the sick teacher demonstrates their inability to work, with the testimony of the official doctor and a doctor from the Costa Rican Social Security Fund.

When the teacher or professor has been admitted to officially recognized institutions for the treatment of mental illness, tuberculosis, leprosy, cancer, or polio, an aid equal to the entirety of their salary shall be paid. In cases of mental illness, tuberculosis, and leprosy, this aid shall be granted for the duration of the time the patient must remain in the institution, or under treatment ordered by the Head of the respective institution, but the request for it must be renewed every six months. And in cases of cancer, polio, sequelae of vascular and cerebral accidents, chronic heart failure, post-encephalitic and post-meningitic sequelae, and any illness involving total disability, it shall be given for the term of their treatment, with the aid request needing to be revalidated every six months. However, when the patient is insured under the disability, old age, and death regime of the Costa Rican Social Security Fund, the aid shall only be for the sum that, added to the subsidy that the Fund must legally grant them, completes the total salary.

(As thus amended the previous paragraph by Article 1° of law N° 2582 of June 17, 1960) (As thus amended by Article 1° of law N° 1944 of October 3, 1955)

Absences and Lack of Punctuality

1st.- Personal illness or illness of a relative in the first degree.

2nd.- Force majeure (fuerza mayor).

3rd.- Bereavement due to the death of a relative within the third degree of consanguinity or second degree of affinity, or the birth of a child.

If, after the third month of the school year, said teachers are forced to avail themselves of this article, they shall be considered separated from their post for the remainder of the school year. During the school months following the period mentioned in the preceding paragraph, they shall only receive half of their salary.

1st.- Certificates issued by the Town Doctor (Médico del Pueblo) or by the School Doctor (Médico Escolar), as applicable. These must state whether or not the teacher's absence is absolutely indispensable for their recovery; and if so, the length of time they must be separated from their duties.

2nd.- Those issued by police, judicial, or military authorities in cases of force majeure (fuerza mayor) and illness occurring in places where there is no doctor.

3rd.- Certifications from the Civil Registry, or the notoriety of the fact, in the judgment of the school authorities, in cases of family bereavement, change of residence, or birth of children.

4th.- Certificates issued by school directors in the case of an absence not exceeding four days.

Penalties and Procedures

The former shall be punished by censure, poor marks, or deprivation of salary; and the latter, by temporary suspension from fifteen days to six months, dismissal (destitución), or permanent separation (separación definitiva).

1st.- Abandonment of employment.

2nd.- The willful violation of the fundamental precepts of the law or the Regulations.

3rd.- Repeated and inexcusable negligence or omission in the fulfillment of the duties of their position.

4th.- Voluntary and manifest disobedience and disrespect toward hierarchical superiors.

5th.- Repeated falsehoods and inaccuracies in the data recorded in registries, payrolls, or any other official document.

6th.- Drunkenness and any other act contrary to morality and good customs.

7th.- Violation of the provisions of clause 1) of Article 122.

8th.- The fraudulent sale of salary.

When it comes to establishing responsibilities for acts committed by a secondary education teacher, the Secretariat of Public Education shall appoint an investigator in each case.

(Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 48 of February 15, 1945)

The Inspector handling the case file (expediente) shall conduct as many proceedings as necessary within a period not exceeding one month.

The ruling, in all cases, must be reasoned.

1st.-Censure; 2nd.-Poor marks in their personal file (expediente personal); 3rd.-Suspension of part of the salary; 4th.-Suspension from the post for fifteen days to six months, depending on the gravity of the case.

5th.-Dismissal (Destitución); 6th.-For very grave offenses or repeat commission of grave offenses, permanent separation from the Teaching Profession (Magisterio) and removal from the General Teachers' Roster (Escalafón General de Maestros). It is the responsibility of the School Inspectors to impose the penalties in clauses 1 to 3; the Administrative Head of Primary Education, that of clause 4; and the Secretary of Public Education, those of clauses 5 and 6. The penalty of dismissal (destitución) entails separation from teaching for a period of no less than two years, at the end of which the Secretariat of Education may rehabilitate the teacher, following such reports as it deems appropriate. This penalty shall be applied, among other cases, to teachers who acquire the habits of drunkenness or prohibited gambling. The penalty of separation from the Teaching Profession (Magisterio) entails the deprivation of all rights and all advantages the teacher may have acquired by virtue of their diploma, including that of obtaining a pension.

The Secretary shall also record in the case file (expediente) all proceedings of summons and notification made during its course, and no statement shall be taken without the declarants first taking oath or affirmation to tell the truth.

Retirements and Pensions (Jubilaciones y Pensiones)

Retirement (jubilación) may be ordinary (ordinaria) or extraordinary (extraordinaria).

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

• a)Those who have rendered at least thirty years of services and are at least fifty years of age; b) Those who, being in the exercise of their profession, have not reached the term of thirty years of work, but have reached sixty years of age; c) Those who have rendered thirty years of service in zones that the Secretariat of Public Education has declared unhealthy, even if they are not fifty years of age, or those who, being over fifty years of age, have served in those regions for at least ten years and have twenty-five years of service.

(Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 48 of February 15, 1945) (Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

To merit an extraordinary pension, the presentation of a uniform opinion from three doctors, appointed by the Administrative Board of the Retirement and Pension Fund (Junta Administrativa del Fondo de Jubilaciones y Pensiones), is indispensable.

The applicant must deposit with the Secretariat of the Board, beforehand, the sum necessary to pay the fees of those doctors.

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

For the purposes of Article 179, officials who die in the exercise of their profession, after fifteen years of service, shall be considered to have been entitled to retirement (jubilación).

(Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 1647 of September 29, 1953) (Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

When services rendered must also be taken into account, in accordance with Articles 116 and 283 of this Code, within the referred total, the salaries corresponding to them shall be set, for the purposes of settling the retirement (jubilación), at the amount earned by the educator or official in the year immediately prior to their new duties, unless that amount is less than the salary corresponding to them according to their category and group, in which case the latter shall apply.

For all purposes of retirement or pension (jubilación o pensión), the calendar year served in administrative functions may not be counted as more than one year of service.

Pensions or retirements (jubilaciones) that do not currently conform to the rules of this article may be reviewed by the respective Board, at the request of the interested party, to be adapted henceforth to the cited rules.

(Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 1647 of September 29, 1953) (Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

(Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 1249 of December 20, 1950) (Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

• a)Those in which the official's work has not been rated as Excellent, Good, or at least Acceptable; b) Those during which the penalty of suspension from the post for more than one month was imposed on the teacher or professor. When summing up the time of service, the resulting fractions of years shall be computed as whole years if they reach six months and shall not be counted if they are less; the amount of the retirement (jubilación) shall be a whole sum of colones, with any fraction of fifty or more céntimos being counted as one colón.

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

Otherwise, it shall be considered expired upon the completion of twelve months from its granting. For the purpose of confirmation, the interested party must make the deposit referred to in Article 168 again.

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

1st.- To the widow jointly with the children; 2nd.- To the children only; 3rd.- To the widow jointly with the parents; 4th.- To the widow; and 5th.- To the parents.

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

(Thus amended by Law No. 683 of August 23, 1946) (Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

(Thus amended the preceding paragraph by Article 1 of Law No. 1968 of October 25, 1955) When a primary education official transfers to render services to an official secondary, normal, or professional school (colegio oficial), or vice versa, the years of service shall be summed indistinctly, and the amount of the retirement or pension (jubilación o pensión) shall be the total of the averages of the salaries earned in the different educational centers where they have served.

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

• a)For the widow, from the time she contracts new marriage; b) For the children, regardless of their sex, from the time they reach the age of eighteen, except in the case of disability or their status as students. For the latter, the enjoyment of the pension shall extend until the age of twenty-four:
• c)For unmarried daughters from the time they marry, and d) For those who, following an investigation requested by the Board, are found not to observe good conduct.

(Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 48 of February 15, 1945) (Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

1st.- The deduction of five percent (5%) on the salaries of primary education officials, whether in service or pensioned; 2nd.- Twenty-five céntimos of a colón (₡ 0.25) for each ticket as a surcharge on the slaughter tax corresponding to Public Education; 3rd.- Ninety percent (90%) of what corresponds to the school pension fund, according to the law of May 31, 1911; 4th.- The special tax of twenty-five céntimos of a colón (₡0.25) for each pig slaughtered in the Republic; 5th.- Fifty percent (50%) of the fiscal duties on registrations made in the Intellectual Property Registry; 6th.- The proceeds of the deductions made from the salaries of primary education officials for lack of attendance or punctuality; 7th.- Donations or bequests made for that purpose; and 8th.- Eighty percent (80%) of the fines for the manufacture or storage of clandestine liquors, after deducting the costs of seizure.

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirements of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, to the extent they conflict with said law, of all provisions on Teaching Profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

• a)A representative of the Teaching Staff Rating Board (Junta Calificadora del Personal Docente); b) A representative of Primary Education; c) A representative of Secondary Education, and d) A representative of Retired Teachers and Professors.

(As amended by Article 1 of Law No. 48 of February 15, 1945) (Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirement of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, insofar as they conflict with said law, of all provisions on teaching profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirement of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, insofar as they conflict with said law, of all provisions on teaching profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirement of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, insofar as they conflict with said law, of all provisions on teaching profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

The retirements and pensions established herein are also unseizable.

(As amended by Article 1 of Law No. 48 of February 15, 1945) (This article was partially annulled by Resolution of the Constitutional Chamber No. 2352-95 at 4:48 p.m. on May 10, 1995.

Note: The annulled text indicated the following:

"from each draft or pension, the sum determined by the general assembly of the association of retired or pensioned professors and teachers by a vote of no less than two-thirds of its members shall be deducted monthly, and the proceeds shall be delivered to the treasurer of the board for the purposes provided in the statutes of the aforementioned institution")

(Sinalevi Note: See Article 28 of the Law on Pensions and Retirement of the National Teaching Profession, No. 2248 of September 5, 1958, which orders the repeal, insofar as they conflict with said law, of all provisions on teaching profession pensions contained in the Education Code)

Custodian Service

Entry into Service

The file shall be initiated at the request of the interested party, with the following documents:

• a)Certification from the Civil Registry proving that the interested party is over 18 and under 30 years of age; b) Certification that the applicant is not registered in the Offenders Registry, and that they enjoy a good reputation in their neighborhood, the latter issued by the President of the respective Education Board; c) Health card, issued by the Secretariat of Public Health, proving that the interested party has no physical defects or suffers from any illness that prevents them from performing their duties; and d) Certification or proof that the applicant completed at least up to and including the third grade of primary school.

Category

First category: those with more than six years of service rated as Good or Very Good.

Second category: those with more than three years of service rated in that manner; Third category: those who do not meet these requirements.

The assignment of the corresponding category to each custodian and any variation related thereto shall be made by the Teaching Personnel Qualification Board at the request of the interested party and based on the service records contained in the respective file.

1st) The work of a custodian who has performed the obligations of their position to the full satisfaction of the superior, due to their punctuality, constant attendance, good appearance, the manner in which they have followed orders, the disposition shown toward teachers and students, the diligence exercised in the cleanliness and arrangement of the school building and its dependencies, and the order and care with which they have handled the furnishings and materials of the school, etc., shall be rated as Very Good; 2nd) The work of a custodian who has merely limited themselves to fulfilling regulatory obligations, without showing special dedication to serving the interests of the school and the students, shall be rated as Good; and 3rd) The work of a custodian who omits or neglects the fulfillment of their duties frequently and inexcusably shall merit the rating of Deficient.

Service Record

The service record shall contain the following data:

1st.- Number and date of the appointment agreement; 2nd.- Time served during the year; 3rd.- Punctuality in attendance; 4th.- Other aspects of their work; 5th.- Leaves and their reasons; 6th.- Quality of services; 7th.- Incentives; and 8th.- Censures.

Appointments and Staffing

(As amended by Article 1 of Law No. 2858 of November 14, 1961) Transitory.- Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 1 of this law, during the years 1962, 1963, 1964, and 1965, the salaries of Primary School Custodians shall be governed according to the following scales:

The preceding increases shall be granted without prejudice to the fact that the aforementioned public servants may enjoy the family subsidy granted to them by the Civil Service Statute and until such time as their positions are classified and assigned to the Salary Scale of the Public Administration Salary Law.

(Thus added the preceding Transitory by Article 1 of Law No. 3208 of October 10, 1963)

Duties and Prohibitions

(As amended by Article 1 of Law No. 5627 of December 6, 1974)

1st) Assist themselves in their cleaning duties with the students; 2nd) Interfere in the private affairs of teachers or students in a way that could compromise the harmony that should reign among the elements of the Teaching Staff and between these and the students or their families; and 3rd) Engage in other tasks that prevent them from efficiently fulfilling the duties of their position.

Rights

A custodian is considered to have lost their physical aptitudes if they contract an illness of any nature that endangers the health of the children, or if they become incapacitated in any way from fulfilling their obligations.

Leaves, Absences, Penalties, and Retirement

Janitors shall enjoy the same vacation period stipulated by the respective laws for the administrative teaching staff working in the country's educational institutions. Notwithstanding the foregoing, janitors working for the official educational institutions of the country that provide General Basic Education in the first and second cycles shall enjoy the same vacation period stipulated by the respective laws for the teaching staff working in the country's educational institutions, except regarding the tasks inherent to the opening and closing of the school year.

The Executive Branch shall regulate these tasks for better service of said institutions.

(As amended by Article 1 of Law No. 5627 of December 6, 1974)

On the Teaching Regime a) General Provisions

5021 of July 7, 1972)

5021 of July 7, 1972)

Attendance at Religion classes shall be considered obligatory for all children whose parents do not request in writing to the School Principal that they be exempted from receiving such instruction.

Principals shall communicate the list of these requests to the respective Inspectors and shall archive them in due form.

In schools where there is no specialized Religion teacher, and in Third Order schools where there is no specialized Physical Education teacher, it shall be the responsibility of the classroom teachers to provide these teachings, without thereby having the right to a salary increase.

(As amended by Article 1 of Law No. 48 of February 15, 1945)

For this purpose, in schools lacking sufficient staff to maintain the four grades simultaneously, the rotating teaching system shall be established, in the following manner: in odd-numbered years, first and third grade shall be taught, and in even-numbered years, second and fourth grade.

In cases of duly proven necessity, the Secretariat of Public Education may vary this for a specific region.

(As amended by Article 1 of Law No. 48 of February 15, 1945)

The class period shall be thirty-five minutes long. Said periods shall always be separated from each other by recesses that shall never be less than ten minutes.

5021 of July 7, 1972)

This register shall be kept by the Board and an extract thereof shall be forwarded to the respective teacher.

The days of delay shall be deemed as absences of the student for penal purposes.

The work shall be done by the Statistics Office, under the direction of the Technical Head of Primary Education.

1st.- The child's illness; 2nd.- Serious illness or death of a family member; 3rd.- Accidental difficulty in communication; and 4th.- Any other cause of similar gravity to the preceding ones. The leaves granted shall not exceed thirty days in each course.

If, after the previous correction is applied, a repeat offense occurs, the fine shall be fifty céntimos for each absence, but the total shall never exceed five colones, even if the absences are more than ten.

In the event of a further repeat offense, the fine shall be one colón for each absence, without being able to exceed the limit of twenty-five colones.

For the appearance of persons whose testimony is requested by the responsible party within the seventy-two hours, the authority shall provide all available assistance. Dilatory proofs aimed at obstructing the procedure may be dismissed outright.

If the father, guardian, or person in charge does not appear before the authority upon summons, the corresponding ruling shall be issued, which shall only be annulled if the defendant proves impediment due to force majeure.

A record shall be drawn up concisely expressing everything that occurred: an extract thereof shall be forwarded to the Provincial School Inspector, so that the corresponding notes may be made in a register they must keep.

There shall be no incompetent day or time for such proceedings. If the person sought to be summoned is not at home, the proceeding shall be understood with the spouse, children, servants, or dependents.

The declaration of loss of authority can only be made by the Governor of the Province, following a case file in which the facts are summarily proven with the hearing of the defendant. The resulting judgment shall be subject to appeal, and in the absence thereof, to review before the Secretariat of Public Education.

The appeal against the issued ruling must be filed on the day of notification, or on one of the two following days.

• b)School Buildings and Furnishings

Having heard the opinion of the Education Board, the Technical Headquarters of Education shall determine the place where the buildings are to be erected.

The capacity shall be five cubic meters per student.

The dimensions, interior layout, and exterior form of the buildings must strictly adhere to the plan and instructions provided by the school architect advised by the Technical Head of Primary Education.

In the absence of a school architect, the Director General of Public Works shall perform their functions.

(As amended by Article 1 of Law No. 48 of February 15, 1945)

The importation of all types of materials requested by the Boards for the construction of school buildings and to provide them with the corresponding furniture and equipment is free from all customs duties. Likewise, the importation of textbooks and all school materials requested by the Education Boards for the service of the schools in their district is free from duties.

The Secretariat of Public Education, having reviewed all the background of the case, shall approve the request.

• c)Expropriations

7495 of May 3, 1995)

7495 of May 3, 1995)

7495 of May 3, 1995)

7495 of May 3, 1995)

7495 of May 3, 1995)

7495 of May 3, 1995)

7495 of May 3, 1995)

7495 of May 3, 1995)

7495 of May 3, 1995) d) School Medical Service

Said certification shall be issued free of charge by the Department of Epidemiology or by Official Doctors.

The certificate shall be renewed annually, in the months of January and February, and sent to the Secretariat of the Teaching Personnel Qualification Board, the Board of Directors of Secondary Education, or the University Council.

The same offices or the Secretariat of Public Health may request the renewal of the certificate at any time, if there is reasoned suspicion of poor health.

No teacher or professor may be called to service if they lack said certification.

The provisions of this Chapter are also applicable to students and professors of University Schools.

The free school breakfast shall be composed primarily of national products most beneficial to the health and hygiene of the schoolchildren. Special attention shall be devoted to those protein foods that are produced or can be easily produced in the country and are not consumed due to the people's lack of knowledge regarding their true nutritional value.

The School Health Department shall distribute footwear to schoolchildren at cost and even free of charge to children whose parents are not in a position to acquire them with their own funds.

• e)Other Educational Centers

Private Primary Education Schools

General Provisions

2160 of September 25, 1957)

2160 of September 25, 1957)

2160 of September 25, 1957)

Likewise, the courses completed in official schools.

The Inspector of Private Schools and Colleges, personally or through their assistants or through a commission given to a Principal of an official school, may verify at any time and in any manner the preparation of the students of the aforementioned schools.

Transitory.- All licenses granted and recognitions of studies awarded to existing primary education establishments are hereby canceled, and they must reapply for authorization to operate and recognition of studies, if they so wish.

(As amended by Article 1 of Law No. 48 of February 15, 1945)

Inspection of Private Primary Education Schools

Principals of private schools are obliged to provide school authorities with the reports requested on points subject to official oversight and to keep the required school books.

Home Instruction

BOOK II Secondary Education

Official Secondary Schools

General Provisions

3492 of January 29, 1965)

3492 of January 29, 1965)

3492 of January 29, 1965)

3492 of January 29, 1965)

The intermediate period between these two dates shall be considered as vacation, except for the tasks necessary for the opening and closing of the academic year and the cleaning and care of the building, which is the responsibility of the administrative staff. When, due to unforeseen circumstances, the academic year is interrupted, the Ministry of Public Education may reduce the vacations by up to one month. Schools shall also have two weeks of rest in the month of July.

(As amended by Article 2 of Law No. 1927 of September 20, 1955)

3492 of January 29, 1965)

3492 of January 29, 1965)

3492 of January 29, 1965)

3492 of January 29, 1965)

3492 of January 29, 1965)

This study plan must be periodically reviewed to ensure the integration of basic knowledge in the different subjects, with the Consejo being empowered to agree on the modifications it deems pertinent.

(Thus amended by article 1 of law N° 1927 of September 20, 1955) (Thus amended this article according to the partial annulment ordered by resolution of the Sala Constitucional N° 3568 of June 25, 1997)

(Thus amended by article 2 of law N° 1927 of September 20, 1955)

Director

Junta de Directores de Segunda Enseñanza

Teachers

Certified Teachers (Profesores Titulados) are divided into two groups and each group into three categories. Group A is formed by Teachers holding Licenciado degrees issued by the Faculties of Sciences, Philosophy and Letters, and Fine Arts, all of the National University; State-certified Teachers graduated from foreign institutions equivalent to the referred Faculties; Teachers with degrees issued by the Junta de Directores de Enseñanza Secundaria y Normal; and Teachers holding degrees from other Faculties of the National University who are, at the same time, Qualified Teachers or Primary School Teachers. Group B is formed by Teachers with Qualified Teacher or Primary School Teacher degrees; graduates without a degree from the Faculties of Sciences, Letters, and Philosophy; graduates with a degree from other Faculties of the National University and medical doctors with a degree recognized in the country; graduates with a certificate of completion of studies from the School of Fine Arts and the National Conservatory of Music, home-life educators who graduate from the Women's Professional School, Priests who teach the subject of religion, and foreign language Teachers who have received a certificate or degree of completion of studies from the Teacher Training School and from those institutions authorized or that may be authorized for this purpose by special laws.

Furthermore, the group of Aspirants (Aspirantes) is formed by those who do not meet any of the conditions indicated in the previous groups.

Within each of the first two groups, considered to belong to the first category are teachers who have rendered decent services for a period of not less than six years; belonging to the second category are those who have completed three years of service.

(Thus amended the previous paragraph by article 1 of law N° 2399 of July 23, 1959) Transitional provision of law N° 2399 of July 23, 1959:

Those teachers who, on the date this law enters into force, have completed three or six years of teaching services shall have the right to their respective category promotion.

The teachers of Vocational Schools (Colegios Vocacionales) shall be classified into two groups: Academic Teachers (Profesores Académicos) and Workshop Teachers (Profesores de Taller). The former are those responsible for teaching general culture subjects; the latter, for the development of activities in the workshops and other facilities of the institution.

(Thus added the previous paragraph by article 1 of law N° 2944 of December 5, 1961) The academic teachers and workshop teachers of Vocational Schools, besides fulfilling their teaching functions, shall be immediate collaborators of the Director regarding the maintenance of equipment, order, discipline, and norms to which students must adhere in their conduct to satisfactorily fulfill their duties.

(Thus added the previous paragraph by article 1 of law N° 2944 of December 5, 1961) It is the responsibility of academic teachers to fulfill the duties and exercise the powers that the corresponding law establishes for Secondary Education teachers.

(Thus added the previous paragraph by article 1 of law N° 2944 of December 5, 1961) (*) To be appointed as a Workshop Teacher (Profesor de Taller), the following is required:

• a)Being over 21 years of age, except in cases where studies and degrees justify a younger age; b) Having at least six consecutive years of industrial experience as a worker in their specialty; c) Proven competence through general, technological, and practical knowledge exams; d) Physical and moral conditions necessary for the functions they perform.

(*) (Thus added the previous paragraph by article 1 of law N° 2944 of December 5, 1961) Workshop Teachers (Profesores de Taller) shall be classified into Certified Workshop Teachers (Profesores de Taller titulados) and Aspiring Workshop Teachers (Profesores de Taller aspirantes).

(Thus added the previous paragraph by article 1 of law N° 2944 of December 5, 1961) Certified workshop teachers are divided into 3 groups and each group into 3 categories.

(Thus added the previous paragraph by article 1 of law N° 2944 of December 5, 1961) Group "A" is formed by Workshop Teachers who hold a Degree issued by a Normal Vocational Institute based on a High School Diploma whose Study Plan is of University level and covers not less than 3 years, and graduates from equivalent foreign Institutions.

(Thus added the previous paragraph by article 1 of law N° 2944 of December 5, 1961) Group "B" is formed by graduates from recognized Normal Schools based on a High School Diploma and by the School of Education of the University of Costa Rica.

(Thus added the previous paragraph by article 1 of law N° 2944 of December 5, 1961) Group "C" is formed by graduates from Vocational Schools whose study plan is not less than five years, those who hold a High School Diploma, and teachers in service who prove they have completed and passed the third year of secondary school.

(Thus added the previous paragraph by article 1 of law N° 2944 of December 5, 1961) Aspiring Workshop Teachers are those who do not meet the conditions indicated for groups A, B, and C.

(Thus added the previous paragraph by article 1 of law N° 2944 of December 5, 1961) However, for salary purposes and for up to 2 years, those holding a High School Diploma who also hold a Degree awarded by a Vocational Institution whose Study Plan is not less than five years are assimilated into group "B".

(Thus added the previous paragraph by article 1 of law N° 2944 of December 5, 1961) Within each group, considered to belong to the first category are Workshop Teachers who have rendered their services for a period of not less than 6 years, to the second those who have more than 3 years of service and have not completed 6, and to the third those who do not meet these conditions.

(Thus added the previous paragraph by article 1 of law N° 2944 of December 5, 1961) In the meantime, until the Normal Vocational School is created, aspirants must attend punctually the training courses offered by the Ministry of Public Education, in accordance with the terms of the respective work contract.

(Thus added the previous paragraph by article 1 of law N° 2944 of December 5, 1961) (Thus amended by article 1 of law N° 1249 of December 20, 1950) (Note from Sinalevi: Through article 1 of law N° 1322 of July 18, 1951, this provision was interpreted to mean that: "teaching services shall be understood as those rendered by the educator indistinctly in pre-school, primary, secondary, or university education")

One of these copies shall be sent to the office of the Personnel Department of the Ministry of Public Education, for the personal file of the interested party; another copy shall be kept on file in the issuing office, and the third shall be given to the interested party.

(Thus amended by article 2 of law N° 3492 of January 29, 1965)

1º.- Name and surnames of the interested party.

2º.- Degrees.

3º.- Number and date of the appointment agreement.

4º.- Time served, position held; number of lessons per week, salary.

5º.- Punctuality.

6º.- Leaves and their reasons.

7º.- Incentives.

8º.- Censures.

9º.- Observations.

(Thus amended the previous paragraph by article 1 of law N° 3427 of October 13, 1964) MIDDLE, HIGHER AND SPECIAL EDUCATION TEACHERS (Monthly Salaries per Weekly Lesson)

BONUSES a) Teachers responsible for the direction of a Middle, Higher, or Special Education institution shall earn a salary equivalent to forty (40) lessons of their category and group, plus a bonus according to the following scale:

For the application of this scale, the average enrollment of the previous academic year shall be taken into account. In cases of new institutions, the initial enrollment shall be used.

(Thus amended the previous subsection a) by article 1 of law N° 3427 of October 13, 1964) b) Primary school teachers or teachers who hold the positions of Secretaries, Inspectors, Guidance Teachers, and Librarians of day schools shall have the right to their category and group salary calculated on the basis of thirty weekly lessons, in accordance with the rule of subsection i) of article 118 of this Code; c) Secretaries of night schools with an enrollment of 500 or more students shall earn a salary equivalent to 24 lessons of their category salary; Secretaries of night schools with an enrollment of less than 500 students shall earn a salary equivalent to 16 lessons of their category salary.

Inspectors, guidance teachers, and librarians of night schools shall earn a salary equivalent to 16 lessons of their category salary.

• d)The salaries of the administrative staff of secondary education and teacher training institutions shall be adjusted to the following scale:

• e)Secondary education teachers are entitled to the bonuses determined in subsections g), h) and j) of article 118 of this Code.
• f)Secondary Education and Teacher Training Teachers who hold the positions of Director, Subdirector, Revisor Inspector, and Profesor Corrector at the Instituto de Formación Profesional del Magisterio earn a monthly salary equivalent to thirty (30) lessons of their category and group, plus the following bonuses:

(Thus added the previous subsection f) by article 1 of law N° 2215 of September 5, 1958) g) Middle, Higher, and Special Education Teachers who hold the positions of Department Director, General Advisor, General Supervisor, Section Chief, Special Advisor, or Guidance Counselor of the Guidance Section in the Central Offices of the Ministry of Education, which are not valued in the Civil Service, shall earn a monthly salary equivalent to forty (40) lessons of their category and group plus the bonus indicated below:

(Thus added the previous subsection g)) by article 1 of law N° 2215 of September 5, 1958) (Thus amended the previous subsection g) by article 1 of law N° 3427 of October 13, 1964) VOCATIONAL SCHOOL TEACHERS(*) Monthly salaries per weekly lesson

(*)(Thus added the previous scale by article 1 of executive decree N° 4 of April 13, 1962) (Thus amended by the single article of law N° 1944 of October 3, 1955)

Furthermore, they shall have the right to the retirements and pensions regulated by articles 166 to 197, provided they have rendered services in national education prior to the effective date of the Social Security Law; and to the benefits indicated by that law otherwise.

(Thus amended by article 2 of law N° 515 of May 3, 1949)

Lead Course Teachers (Profesores Jefes de Curso)

Teachers' Council (Consejo de profesores)

It shall meet ordinarily once a month and extraordinarily when the Director convenes it on their own decision or at the request of one-fourth of the total of its members. The Council may not hold a session if it does not have two-thirds of the total of its members present.

The President and the Vice President of the Student Government Board may attend Council sessions with voice and vote when the Director considers it appropriate to invite them to attend the respective session or when the aforementioned Board, by agreement, informs the Director of its desire to be received to raise any matter approved by it.

(Thus amended by article 2 of law No.3492 of January 29, 1965)

In case of a tie, the Director's vote shall count as two.

(Thus amended by article 2 of law No.3492 of January 29, 1965)

Support Staff

• a)Secretary and Inspectors

• b)Doctor

• c)Librarian

• d)Other employees

• e)Porters

Students a) Enrollment (Matrícula)

• b)Exemption from fees (Exención de derechos)

• c)Absences and tardiness

• d)Discipline and sanctions

Exams, grades, and promotions

The Consejo Superior de Educación, according to the characteristics of the subject, shall be the one to regulate the form of evaluation and the number of tests that students must take, as well as the form and date on which written reports shall be sent to parents.

(Thus amended by article 1 of law N° 4293 of December 19, 1968)

Baccalaureate Exams (Exámenes de bachillerato) (Note from Sinalevi: This topic was later regulated in the Reglamento sobre Exámenes de Bachillerato, executive decree No.18037 of February 25, 1988 - already repealed -; as well as in articles 109 and following of the Reglamento sobre Evaluación de Aprendizajes, executive decree No.35355 of June 2, 2009)

(Thus amended by article 1 of law N° 6029 of December 27, 1976)

For the Maturity Sufficiency Baccalaureate (Bachillerato por Madurez Suficiente) tests, at least three calls shall be made annually, on the dates determined by the Comisión de Bachillerado por Madurez.

(Thus amended by article 1 of law N° 5077 of September 29, 1972)

(Thus amended by law N° 655 of August 10, 1949)

Obligations of the parents of students

Internal Regulations

On Secondary Education Scholarships

(Thus amended by article 1 of law N° 654 of August 10, 1949)

The scholarship granted to pursue secondary education does not serve to continue studies in said Faculty. Anyone who wishes to do so must apply for one of the scholarships that become vacant annually within the fifty allocated by this article, fulfilling the requirements and submitting to the exams that the Directorate of said School establishes. Students from all provinces may aspire to said scholarships. The Faculty itself shall arrange each year the distribution in the way that best suits the interests of Costa Rican education.

(As amended by Article 1 of Law No. 654 of August 10, 1949)

(As amended by Article 1 of Law No. 654 of August 10, 1949)

To this end, during the month of January of each year, the Department of Secondary Education shall publish announcements calling on interested parties to submit applications to the Directorate of the different schools and before the Faculty of Pedagogy.

(As amended by Article 1 of Law No. 654 of August 10, 1949)

Said application must be authorized by the person exercising parental responsibility (responsabilidad parental) or guardianship over the minor and shall be submitted together with the following documents:

• 1)Birth certificate of the applicant, issued by the Civil Registry (Registro del Estado Civil).
• 2)Certification from the director of the school where the interested party completed the sixth grade of primary education, stating the grades obtained and the assessment made of their conduct and dedication to study.
• 3)If the applicant has already completed some year of secondary education, they must present the document indicated in the preceding paragraph, but issued by the director of the school of origin.
• 4)Certificate of good health, issued by an official physician.
• 5)Certification of assets of the father and mother of the applicant, issued by the Property Registry (Registro de la Propiedad).
• 6)Certification from the Direct Taxation Office (Oficina de Tributación Directa) and from the municipal treasury of the respective canton, stating the taxes paid by the father and mother of the interested party.

The director of each school shall examine whether the applications are accompanied by the said documents and shall return to the interested parties those that are incomplete, so that the applicants may complete them. Once the deadline set for this purpose has expired, the director of the institution shall proceed to appoint a committee of professors for their definitive study.

(As amended by Article 2, point XII) of the law that approved the Family Procedural Code, No. 9747 of October 23, 2019)

Each Director shall have broad freedom to recommend the award in the manner they consider fairest and most beneficial to the interests of education. Nevertheless, preference shall be given:

• a)To the one who presents the best grades and obtains the best results in the examinations contemplated in this article; b) To the one with the fewest personal or family resources; and c) To the one residing in cantons farthest from the location of the school.

(As amended by Article 1 of Law No. 654 of August 10, 1949)

(As amended by Article 1 of Law No. 654 of August 10, 1949)

1º.- Round-trip tickets, once a year, by launch or railway, to travel from home to the school and vice versa; 2º.- Exemption from tuition and examination fees at the secondary school where it was obtained; and 3º.- A monthly stipend (pensión), for nine months a year, in accordance with the following rules:

• a)Students from the provinces of Guanacaste, Limón, Alajuela, Heredia, Cartago, and San José, with the exception of the central cantons and those of Oreamuno, Paraíso, La Unión, Goicoechea, Coronado, Tibás, Moravia, Desamparados, Curridabat, Alajuelita, Montes de Oca, Aserrí, Escazú, Santa Ana, and San Isidro de Heredia, who move their residence to the provincial capital to make use of the scholarship, ¢ 60.00; and b) All others, ¢ 30.00.

(As amended by Article 1 of Law No. 654 of August 10, 1949)

If said change is made during the course, the student shall continue to receive their stipend for the remainder of the school year as a scholarship holder of the school they are leaving; but the following year they must submit an application before the new school to obtain a vacant scholarship there; they shall have priority over other applicants and shall not be obliged to take prior examinations.

(As amended by Article 1 of Law No. 654 of August 10, 1949)

It is understood that the competitor must have achieved sufficiently good grades. It may also be loaned, with prior authorization from the Directorate of Secondary Education and for the remainder of the course, to one student if it is a scholarship of ¢ 30.00, and to two if it is one of ¢ 60.00, provided they are distinguished and deserve state aid. The loan does not grant the right to continue with the scholarship the following year unless the formalities stipulated in Article 390 of this Code are fulfilled.

(As amended by Article 1 of Law No. 654 of August 10, 1949)

If the scholarship holder transfers to another school, the respective directorate shall transfer their complete file with them.

(As amended by Article 1 of Law No. 654 of August 10, 1949)

• a)By failing two subjects at the end of the school year, by expulsion from the establishment for eight days or more, or by total failure of the course; b) By the scholarship holder having obtained a grade lower than 6 in conduct in two bimesters, even if not consecutive, or by earning such a conduct grade in the last bimester; c) By having earned a grade lower than 6 in three or more subjects in the same bimester, starting from the second bimester; d) By having incurred more than 10 unexcused absences in one bimester; e) By incurring, during the course, more than 25 unexcused absences or more than 40 excused absences; f) By a change in the economic situation of the scholarship holder or their parents, such that state aid is no longer indispensable for them; and g) By fraud in the verification of the requirements indicated in Article 390 of this Code.

The first five causes ipso facto result in the loss of the scholarship, which shall be communicated by the Director of the respective school to the father or guardian of the scholarship holder and to the Scholarship Department of the Ministry of Public Education. Each Director shall cause an investigation to be made through the social welfare (Asistencia Social) supervisors of the student body, into the living conditions of the scholarship holder, as well as the family economic situation, to determine causes f) and g). The scholarship can only be suspended in this case after a prior report to the Scholarship Department and by written declaration of the school Director.

(As amended by Article 1 of Law No. 654 of August 10, 1949)

Of the Administrative Boards (Juntas Administrativas)

2160 of September 25, 1957)

2160 of September 25, 1957)

Whoever holds it shall be exempt from military and police service for the duration of their functions, except in the case of foreign war.

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

10631 of January 28, 2025)

Of Private Secondary Schools (Colegios Particulares de Segunda Enseñanza)

Such schools may likewise issue Bachelor of Science and Letters degrees to students who have completed and passed the regulatory courses therein, following for that case the rules specified in Article 362 and following of this Code.

(As amended by Article 2 of Law No. 1927 of September 20, 1955)

1º.- The name under which the institution will operate, and the exact location of the building in which lessons will be given and the necessary practices for the development of the programs will be carried out.

2º.- The curriculum (plan de estudios) to which it will subject its teaching, the detailed programs for each of the subjects in the different school years, the number of weekly class hours it will allocate to each subject; and the length of the school year.

3º.- Whether or not it has adequate laboratories, cabinets, and library for the needs of the instruction, and appropriate spaces for the practice of sports games or other physical exercises.

1ª.- To respect the fundamental institutions of the Republic and the democratic system that serves as their basis.

2ª.- Not to admit as First Year students those who have not finished, with passing grades, their complete primary education, or who do not meet, in the contrary case, the requirements indicated in Article 313 above.

3ª.- Not to admit as students of years higher than the first, those who have not passed each and every one of the subjects of the previous course at the official or private school of origin.

4ª.- To present each year to the Secretariat of Public Education, during the month of March, the complete roster of the School's professors and of the students enrolled in each of the courses.

5ª.- To provide the institution with the teaching staff and scientific material required for secondary education.

6ª.- To render all reports requested by the Secretariat of Public Education directly or through the Inspectorate of Private Schools (Inspección de Escuelas y Colegios Particulares).

7ª.- To allow the accredited delegates of the Secretariat of Education, at any time, to visit the establishment, witness classes or examinations, attend laboratory practices, and in general any other act they consider necessary to know the functioning of the institution and report thereon.

The revocation shall be preceded by an investigation demonstrating the reported non-observance, and after hearing the Director of the School concerned and receiving the exonerating evidence they submit within the period of thirty days granted for that purpose.

Consequently, the Secretariat of Public Education shall revoke at any time the validity of studies recognized in favor of a student, if it verifies that there has been falsehood or inaccuracy in the documents that justified that recognition.

BOOK III Of University Education

Of the University and its Purposes

Consequently, from now on, the University shall be composed of the Schools of Law, Pharmacy, Agriculture, Pedagogy, Fine Arts, Engineering, Sciences, Letters, Dental Surgery, and Economic and Social Sciences, as well as Medicine, which shall be established when available resources permit.

Of the Direction and Administration of the University

It shall therefore be its exclusive responsibility to adopt programs and curricula (planes de estudio), appoint teaching and administrative staff, grant academic degrees and professional titles, dispose of its assets, and issue the necessary regulations for the governance of its schools and services, all in accordance with the laws that govern it. However, as long as the School of Medicine has not been established, the College of Physicians and Surgeons (Colegio de Médicos y Cirujanos) may grant academic degrees and professional titles, in accordance with its respective organic law.

The Assembly shall constitute the highest authority of the Institution and shall be composed of the Secretary of State in the Office of Public Education, the Rector, the Secretary General, the Deans of the Faculties, the Professors of the University Schools, the members of the Boards of Directors of the Alumni Associations in a number no greater than eleven per association, and three representatives of the students from each of the University Schools.

(As amended the preceding paragraph by Article 1 of Law No. 829 of December 13, 1946) The Council shall be composed of the Secretary of State in the Office of Public Education, who shall be its President; the Rector, the Directors of the University Schools, the Secretary of the Institution, and two representatives of the university students.

1.- To elect the Rector and Secretary of the University, by secret ballot and by an absolute majority of votes; (By means of Article 2 of Law No. 829 of December 13, 1946, Norm No. 509 of May 10, 1946 was repealed, which had reformed subsection 1) above, with Law No. 829 of December 13, 1946 ordering that the current wording of subsection 1) above shall be its original wording) 2.- To hear the annual report presented to it by the Rector; 3.- To administer the assets of the Institution, without being able, however, to alienate or encumber real estate with a value exceeding five thousand colones, without the prior authorization of the Executive Branch; 4.- To definitively resolve, without further appeal, conflicts that arise among the different university bodies; 5.- To set the maximum number of students who may be admitted to the first course of each University School; 6.- To hear on appeal the resolutions of the Council; 7.- To debate on its own initiative problems related to public education, transmitting its conclusions to the Executive Branch; 8.- To grant its approval to the Council's proposals regarding the creation, merger, reform, or suppression of Faculties.

1.- To exercise superior university jurisdiction in all matters not reserved to the Assembly by the preceding article; 2.- To issue provisions of a general nature regarding order and discipline in university dependencies; 3.- To issue the necessary regulations for the common university regime; 4.- To exercise disciplinary jurisdiction over the teaching and administrative staff of the University and its Schools; 5.- To approve the annual budget of expenditures of the University and its modifications, including specifying the salaries and remunerations of the teaching and administrative staff of the Schools that comprise it, as well as the other items assigned to each one; 6.- To approve the curricula (planes de estudio), programs, and internal regulations prepared by the Faculties for their respective Schools; 7.- To make the appointments of teaching and administrative staff in accordance with the respective Regulations; 8.- To recognize the equivalence of studies, diplomas, and professional titles granted by other Universities, in accordance with the laws and international treaties in force and within the norms of absolute reciprocity; 9.- To confer, by two-thirds vote, by secret ballot, and upon reasoned proposal by the Rector or any of its other members, the academic title of Doctor Honoris Causa, with precise indication of the studies or scientific research works thus rewarded; 10.- To accept inheritances, legacies, or donations made to the University or its Schools; 11.- To annually organize the examination tribunals; 12.- To hear complaints filed against the Director, Professors, and employees of the University Schools; 13.- (Repealed by Article 2 of Law No. 829 of December 13, 1946) 14.- To propose to the University Assembly the creation, reform, merger, or suppression of Faculties.

1.- To convene and preside, in the absence of the Secretary of State in the Office of Public Education, over the sessions of the Assembly and the University Council, and to execute their resolutions; 2.- To exercise the judicial and extrajudicial representation of the University; 3.- To administer the university assets as delegate of the Assembly, with the powers of Article 1255 of the Civil Code; 4.- To prepare and annually submit to the Council the draft budget of the University; 5.- To authorize with their signature and that of the Secretary, the diplomas of the titles or degrees conferred by the University; 6.- To propose to the Council the appointment of administrative staff of the Institution and its Schools; 7.- To issue drafts or payment orders for expenses or services of the University; 8.- To annually present to the Secretariat of Public Education and to the University Assembly a detailed report on the functioning of the institution; 9.- To watch over the general functioning of the establishment, its schools, and services.

1.- To draft and authorize, with their signature and that of the Rector, the minutes of the Assembly and of the University Council; 2.- To sign with the Rector the agreements, resolutions, and drafts or payment orders issued, as well as the diplomas of the titles or degrees conferred by the University; 3.- To assist the Rector, in accordance with the instructions given by the latter, in the supervision of the administrative services of the University and its Schools; 4.- To keep the accounting of the Institution; 5.- To direct the Department of University Extension (Departamento de Extensión Universitaria) under the supervision of the Rector and with the collaboration of the Student Delegates referred to in Article 438; 6.- To perform all other functions assigned by the respective regulations.

The Council shall ordinarily meet once a week, and extraordinarily whenever convened by the Rector or three of its members.

611 of July 18, 1946, was subsequently repealed by the sole article of Norm No. 97 of July 13, 1948)

Of the University Schools

• 1)To designate by an absolute majority of votes present, by secret ballot, the Dean of the Faculty. For that purpose, the representation of the students shall be increased, if necessary, up to a number that does not exceed one-quarter of the total of the Professors and Director of the respective School; if possible, one representative shall be elected for each of the other years not represented; otherwise, the nomination shall fall upon students of the higher grades, starting with the last.
• 2)When a vacancy for a tenured (propietario) or substitute professor occurs, to propose to the Council a shortlist of three candidates (terna) to be drawn up by an absolute majority of votes present.
• 3)To prepare and submit to the University Council, for its approval, the programs, curricula (planes de estudio), and regulations governing the teachings and services entrusted to each School.
• 4)To render the reports and opinions requested.
• 5)To exercise disciplinary jurisdiction over the staff, students, and administrative employees of the School.

(As amended by Article 2 of Law No. 829 of December 13, 1946)

1.- To preside over the sessions of the respective Faculty and execute its agreements; 2.- To watch over the functioning of the School, both in teaching and in administrative matters; 3.- To maintain order and discipline among the students, whom they may suspend for up to eight days; 4.- To prepare and submit to the Faculty the budget draft for the maintenance of the School and its ancillary services; 5.- To present to the Rector of the University an annual report on the work of the School and its needs; 6.- To propose to the Rector the appointment of the administrative staff required by the School.

Of the Professors and Students of the University

However, if they complete the number of absences specified by the statute, they shall lose their chair(*).

(*) (Thus added the preceding paragraph by the sole article of Law No. 650 of August 10, 1949) The Rector, the Secretary of the University, and the Directors and Professors of its Schools, as well as its administrative staff, shall have the right to voluntary retirement when they reach sixty years of age and mandatory retirement when they reach seventy, except for the exceptions contemplated in Article 446. To that end, the University shall contract with the National Insurance Bank (Banco Nacional de Seguros) an Individual Old Age and Retirement Insurance (Seguro Individual de Vejez y Retiro) for each of the said officials and employees, conforming to the terms established by Decree No. 23 of November 27, 1934, regarding premiums, contributions, and benefits, with the University assuming the obligations that correspond to the State under said decree. The resulting pension may not be commuted nor is it subject to sales, seizures, or encumbrances of any kind.

(Thus amended the preceding paragraph by Article 1 of Law No. 171 of August 21, 1945)

For that purpose, during the second half of March of each year, one principal representative (representante propietario) and two alternates (suplentes) of the students shall be elected in each School by their direct vote; the election must fall upon students of the higher years. The principal and, in their absence, the alternates in the order of nomination, shall have the right to attend the sessions of the respective Faculty and to speak and cast a vote therein.

The three representatives shall have the right to do so in the sessions of the University Assembly. All without prejudice to the provisions of Article 435.

(As amended by Article 3 of Law No. 829 of December 13, 1946)

It shall recognize and encourage in the same manner the associations formed by its graduates for the improvement of the respective professions and the accomplishment of other ends of general good. For this purpose, graduates shall be considered not only those who obtain their degree from the University itself but also those who have graduated from the schools incorporated into it or from foreign universities, provided they are previously admitted to the respective association.

The existing Professional Associations of Lawyers, Engineers, Physicians and Surgeons, Pharmacists, Dental Surgeons, and Agricultural Engineers shall be considered for all purposes of this law as Alumni Associations (Asociaciones de Egresados).

(The last sentence of the preceding paragraph was repealed by the sole article of Law No. 514 of May 3, 1949; said sentence stated: "The association formed by graduates of the existing Commercial Schools in the country, who are Bachelors in Humanities or Sciences and Letters, may also be considered with the same status.")

University Extension Service

For that purpose, it shall establish a special department under the direct charge of the University Secretary, although guided in its general direction by the Rector, in collaboration with the student delegates referred to in Article 438, who shall organize short courses on scientific, technical, literary, or artistic subjects, advanced courses for graduates, conferences, exhibitions, film showings, musical recitals, radio broadcasts, etcetera.

The Department may also publish works and journals, as well as organize correspondence courses, and in general, employ all advisable means to carry out its cultural dissemination functions.

On the Assets and Revenues of the University

• 1)The movable or immovable property in which the Schools that are part of the institution currently operate.
• 2)Other property of any nature that the State assigns or has assigned directly to the University or any of its Schools, or that is awarded to any of them by any title.

1º.-The registration and examination fees that the students of the Schools must pay; 2º.-The sums or revenues that the State currently allocates to the support of the centers that become part of the University, including that contemplated in Article 9 of Law No. 74 of August 12, 1902, after deduction of the expenses caused by the oversight and collection of the tax. However, as long as the School of Medicine is not established at the University, fifty percent of the tax on establishments where prescriptions are filled or drugs or medications are sold is excepted, which shall continue to be delivered to the respective Professional Association; 3º.-The proportional share corresponding to it from the National Common Education Fund, in accordance with the rules set forth in Law No. 127 of August 21, 1928, in subsection 2) of Article 6; 4º.-The proportional share corresponding to it from the Public Spectacles Tax, in accordance with the rules established by Law No. 296 of August 26, 1939; 5º.-The stamp and sealed paper duties caused, in accordance with the Fiscal Code (Articles 240, subsection 4; 243, subsections 2 and 3; 244, subsections 3 and 4; 273, subsection 30), by the issuance of Titles of Doctor, Licentiate, Engineer, Notary Public, Bachelor, Teaching Professor, or any other professional or university title.

6º.- A tax of one dollar ($1.00), or its equivalent in colones at the daily exchange rate, on each ticket issued by aviation companies established or to be established in the future in the country for destinations abroad, and fifty cents of a colón (¢ 0.50) on each ticket issued by the same companies for destinations within the Republic.

7º.- A duty of one colón per month payable by each subscriber to telephone service, public or private.

8º.- (Repealed by Article 4 of Law No. 1234 of November 29, 1950) and 9º.- (Repealed by Article 2 of the University Stamp Law, No. 2837 of October 20, 1961) Payment of said taxes shall be evidenced by affixing university stamps for the corresponding sum to the passenger manifests for air service, to the telephone service cancellation receipts, to the deeds of cancellation of identity cards, and to the respective case files, as appropriate.

(Note: See Article 31, subsection y) of the Tax Simplification and Efficiency Law, regarding the repeal of minor taxes; said subsection y) indicates: "y) The university stamp created by Article 1 of Law No. 2 of May 9, 1941, incorporated into the Education Code, Law No. 181 of August 18, 1944")

General Provisions

These functions are the responsibility of the University Council, on which the Professional Association of Physicians and Surgeons shall be represented by its President or by the person designated by the latter for special cases, with all the prerogatives enjoyed by the other members.

Students who graduate from the Schools of Sciences and Letters shall be considered, by that sole fact, State Professors in the branches of their specialty and shall be given preference to fill the respective positions in the Secondary Education Schools (Colegios de Segunda Enseñanza).

The following shall also be considered State Professors in their respective branches:

a)- Students who, having passed the third year of Secondary Education, obtain titles or certificates of completion of studies from the School of Fine Arts or the National Conservatory of Music; b)- (This subsection was repealed by Article 12 of Law No. 837 of November 4, 1949; said numeral indicates: "Article 12.- The following are repealed... the last paragraphs of Article 444 of the Education Code reformed by Law No. 14 of November 14, 1945, starting from the one beginning with letter b), with the exception of the date of its publication") (Thus reformed by Article 1 of Law No. 14 of November 14, 1945)

When these officials, within the respective terms for which they were elected, reach the age of seventy, established as mandatory retirement age by Article 437 of this law, they may voluntarily retire or complete that term. With respect to professors and administrative personnel, this same rule shall apply, considering each academic year as the term.

(The preceding paragraph was added by Article 2 of Law No. 171 of August 21, 1945)

The representatives of the Institution shall also be referred to the Control Center and to said Secretariat.

Payment orders for salaries or expenses of any kind must necessarily be countersigned for payment by the Control Center.

On the Board of Trustees for Costa Rican Students (Patronato de Estudiantes Costarricenses)

1º.- The Secretary of State in the Office of Public Education, who shall be the President; 2º.- The Director of the Liceo de Costa Rica, who shall be its Secretary; 3º.- The Directors of the Colegio Superior de Señoritas, the Escuela Normal de Costa Rica, the Colegio de San Luis Gonzaga, and the Instituto de Alajuela, and 4º.- Either one of the two student representatives before the University Council.

Eventually, and only for the awarding of the mechanical arts scholarships created by Law No. 212 of August 14, 1929, the Board of Trustees shall be composed of two master builders designated by the Executive Branch, instead of the student delegate.

(Thus reformed by Article 1 of Law No. 48 of February 15, 1945)

1)-Determining the studies to be undertaken with the State scholarships, in accordance with the needs of the corresponding province; 2)-Awarding scholarships for studies abroad, through a competitive examination (concurso) and by rigorous merit-based selection (oposición), each time a vacancy occurs in the service established by this Title; 3)-Granting the mechanical arts scholarships created by Law No. 213 of August 14, 1929; 4)- Agreeing to special aid in favor of those young people who, having begun studies abroad at their own expense or that of their family, find themselves unable, for economic reasons, to continue such studies. This aid may in no case exceed half the sums that the Board of Trustees allocates to its scholarship holders for monthly allowance (pensión mensual) and, in order to be granted, it is necessary that the interested party has completed at least half of the courses and demonstrates his dedication to study, as well as the economic circumstances preventing him from continuing, subject to the other requirements indicated in Article 454, except for age.

The Board of Trustees may also, in highly qualified cases, agree to aid of this nature in favor of persons wishing to take advantage of opportunities or facilities offered by foreign universities to attend specialization or postgraduate courses. Said aid also may not exceed the sums that the Board of Trustees allocates to its scholarship holders for monthly allowance, and shall only be granted if the insufficiency of their own assets or family resources is proven, and when the foreign universities do not make allocations for maintenance expenses or expenses of another nature.

(Thus, subsection 4) above was reformed by Article 1 of Law No. 2132 of June 19, 1957) 5)-Determining, in agreement with the father or legal representative of the scholarship holder, the college, university, or institution where he must carry out his studies; 6)-Definitively and without further appeal canceling any of the scholarships conferred by the State, when the scholarship holder incurs in any of the acts contemplated in subsections 1), 2), and 3) of Article 456 of this Code.

The remaining seven shall be granted freely, with the vote of five members of the Board of Trustees, to young people especially distinguished for their personal talents, who find the quota corresponding to their native province filled.

If the conditions of the Treasury do not permit the number of scholarships expressed above, but do permit a lesser number, once this is determined, the Board of Trustees shall make its distribution in the same proportion as stated above. If, when making this proportional distribution, fractions result, these shall be added and the number of scholarships resulting from the sum shall be granted freely in accordance with what is stated in the preceding section.

1)- The travel expenses for the student's departure and return; 2)- The payment of tuition and a quota of up to one hundred American dollars ($100.00) for the payment of books; 3)- A monthly allowance that shall not exceed ($60.00), and shall be set according to the cost of living in the country where the recipient will study. The illness expenses of the scholarship holders shall also be borne by the State, for which purpose an item of two thousand American dollars ($2,000.00) shall be included in the Budget each year to cover them, from which only the Secretary of State in the Office of Finance may make use when the urgency of the service demands it.

1)- That he is Costa Rican by birth, single, and of the lay state; 2)- That he is over seventeen and under twenty-four years of age; 3)- That he is of good physical constitution; 4)- That he lacks his own resources or family resources to allow him to acquire a profession abroad; 5)- That he has completed, with graduation, secondary education, if the studies to which the scholarship refers so require; and 6)- That he has obtained special mention from his professors for his intelligence and conduct.

1)- To practice in the country the profession or trade they acquire, and to provide the Government with their professional services in the province of their birth, for up to four years and at the legal salary, whenever the Government requests it, but without any obligation on the part of the latter to utilize such services when it does not request them.

2)- To guarantee compliance with the indicated commitment and the other provisions of this Title, through a contract to be signed with the Secretariat of Public Education, together with a qualified guarantor (fiador abonado) whose solvency shall be certified by the Head of the Public Ministry (*); (*)(Sinalevi Note: By means of Article 30 of the Organic Law of the Office of the Attorney General of the Republic, No. 3848 of January 10, 1967, it is established that wherever the term Public Ministry is mentioned, it shall be read as Office of the Attorney General of the Republic) 3)- To promptly notify the Secretariat of Public Education, for the knowledge of the Board of Trustees for Students, of his admission to the designated College, University, or institution; 4)- To observe exemplary conduct in his student life, attend all his classes with regularity, and pass the periodic regulatory examinations for the courses he takes.

5)- To send annually to the Secretariat of Public Education an authentic certification of the studies he has completed, the grades he has obtained, and the examinations or tests he has undergone, with their results. The Secretariat of Public Education shall create for each scholarship holder a private file regarding his behavior and the progress of his studies, which may only be examined by the Board of Trustees for Students, the interested party himself, and his parents or legal representatives.

1)-Students who have spent one year abroad without having undertaken the studies to which their scholarship refers; 2)-Those who have definitively failed the final examinations of any of the annual courses; and 3)-Those who in any other way fail to comply with the obligations indicated in the preceding article.

Consequently, each year it shall call for a competitive examination to fill those that are vacant, expressly indicating the province to which they belong and the subjects or types of study to which they refer.

1)-Award scholarships corresponding to one province to students native of another, even if they remain vacant; 2)-Apply scholarships designated for one subject to a different one; 3)-Grant scholarships for studies that can be carried out in the country because duly organized professional schools exist.

BOOK IV On Physical Education

Its teaching and practice in school and outside of it shall have an essentially educational, hygienic, and social character, seeking the harmonious development of the organism, the enhancement of health, the formation of character, and the national development of muscular energy.

For this purpose, State teaching institutions shall be progressively provided, as resources permit, with the technical and material elements necessary for this, and private establishments shall be granted a prudential period for the acquisition of those corresponding to them.

The National Council of Physical Education shall be formed by the Secretary of State in the Office of Public Education, as "ex-officio" President; and four full members and two alternate members, who shall elect one of the full members as Acting President.

The four full members of the Council, and the alternate members when they attend meetings due to the absence of the former, shall be entitled to the fees (dietas) determined by the Executive Branch. The number of meetings may not exceed five per month.

The legal and extrajudicial representation of the Council shall correspond to the Acting President.

• a)Regulating the use of sports plazas, stadiums, gymnasiums, swimming pools, children's playgrounds (play-grounds), and other public sites designated for the practice of sports, b) Acquiring or building stadiums, playing fields, gymnasiums, swimming pools, etcetera; c) Providing State educational establishments with the appropriate technical and material elements for the practice of physical education; d) Assisting amateur sports associations; e) Contracting the services of physical education or sports professors or trainers; f) Granting scholarships for the preparation of physical education professors; g) Issuing the necessary norms for the practice of sports in a manner that does not harm the health of those who practice them; h) Promoting and authorizing the formation of sports associations and requesting the cancellation of the legal status (personería jurídica) of those registered as such when it is demonstrated that they do not fulfill that purpose; i) Promoting courses for the training of physical education professors, and creating, when resources permit, the National Institute of Physical Education, for the same purpose; j) Organizing or recognizing the existence of the National Federations of each sport, the National Sports Confederation, and the Olympic Committee; k) Promoting the holding of national or local sporting events, and ensuring the country's participation in international events; and l) Taking any other measure aimed at the promotion and development of physical education and especially sports.

• a)Writings requesting the approval of the statutes of sports associations, in accordance with the respective law; b) Passports issued or visaed by the Provincial Governorates; c) Motor vehicle driver's licenses; d) The applications that must be presented annually for the change of motor vehicle license plates; e) Permits granted for holding sports spectacles; f) Municipal licenses of any kind, except those indicated in subsection b) of the following article; and g) Licenses granted to open sports centers.

• a)Applications for permits to open social or political clubs; b) Municipal licenses for the sale of domestic or foreign alcoholic beverages; c) Minutes of award of public bids for the purchase of materials or provision of services in which the State or the Municipalities are a party; d) Minutes of award of any commercial post or place of entertainment established on the occasion of civic festivals held in any locality of the Republic; e) Applications for the granting, transfer, or cancellation of hydraulic power concessions; f) Applications for the granting, transfer, or cancellation of permits for the establishment of radio broadcasting stations; and g) Applications for permits to establish public dance halls.

BOOK V On Special Education

2160 of September 25, 1957) BOOK VI On Vocational Education

2160 of September 25, 1957) BOOK VII On Educators' Associations

On the National Association of Educators (Asociación Nacional de Educadores)

• a)To promote the educational progress of the country by staying informed on the trends of the New School placed at the service of democracy; b) To support and promote programs, procedures, and work resources that are sufficiently grounded in educational sciences and that are appropriate for the country; c) To promote research and original expression; d) To promote cultural exchange within and outside the country; e) To work for the cultural improvement of the Costa Rican people; f) To strive to unify aspirations and to articulate the teaching process; g) To cooperate with the Secretariat of Public Education and with other cultural centers that promote similar ideals; h) To work for the cultural improvement and the social and economic well-being of the teacher and for the establishment of a civil service.
• i)To seek the establishment of educators' councils to cooperate with the Secretariat of Public Education in resolving complaints against members.

(Note: See Law No. 2795 of August 7, 1961, "Comprehensive Reform of the Organic Law of the National Association of Educators ANDE")

(Note: See Law No. 2795 of August 7, 1961, "Comprehensive Reform of the Organic Law of the National Association of Educators ANDE")

• a)It shall use methods consistent with the high educational mission of teachers and with the norms of democracy. The exercise of freedom shall be reconciled with respect among members and respect for the democratic institutions of the State. Members shall use the opportunities provided by the association only for matters supported by ethical and scientific interests of evident value.
• b)It shall not have a political or sectarian character:
• c)It shall provide facilities for the greatest possible participation of all members in its activities.

(Note: See Law No. 2795 of August 7, 1961, "Comprehensive Reform of the Organic Law of the National Association of Educators ANDE")

• a)The monthly dues of each member are one-half of one percent of their net pension or net salary, that is, after the deductions authorized by law have been made. This dues payment shall not be less than twenty-five cents of a colón nor greater than three colones; b) Members who do not earn a salary or pension from the State shall pay a monthly dues payment within the indicated limits and according to their possibilities, at the discretion of the Central Board of Directors (Directiva Central) with the intervention, if applicable, of the branch (filial) to which the member will belong; c) Collection shall be made through the paymaster offices in the case of official salaries and pensions, and through the treasuries of the branches in other cases; if, in this latter assumption, the member does not belong to any branch, the payment must be made to the Treasurer of the Central Board of Directors; d) The paymaster offices and the Treasurers of the branches shall send the total collected to the Treasurer of the Central Board of Directors, who, if applicable, shall transfer to the Treasurers of the branches the corresponding sums in accordance with the dictates of the following paragraph; and e) The administration and allocation of fifty percent of that income are entrusted to the Central Board of Directors, and the other fifty percent to the boards of directors of the branches. The administration and allocation of income from their own special activities are entrusted exclusively to them. The Central Board of Directors, when it deems it necessary, may request the National Congress of Educators to modify the distribution of percentages and shall administer or allocate the dues of members who have not organized branches.

(Note: See Law No. 2795 of August 7, 1961, "Comprehensive Reform of the Organic Law of the National Association of Educators ANDE")

In the case of foreigners who are not in official service, their titles must be revalidated. The application for admission must be addressed to the Central Board of Directors; and if the member is to belong to a branch, it must be processed with the intervention of the Board of Directors of the same.

The registry of members shall be maintained in accordance with the Associations Law.

(Note: See Law No. 2795 of August 7, 1961, "Comprehensive Reform of the Organic Law of the National Association of Educators ANDE")

(Note: See Law No. 2795 of August 7, 1961, "Comprehensive Reform of the Organic Law of the National Association of Educators ANDE")

(Note: See Law No. 2795 of August 7, 1961, "Reforma Integral Ley Orgánica Asociación Nacional Educadores ANDE")

• a)By express resignation; b) By tacit resignation upon failure to pay four regular dues; c) By definitive expulsion; and d) By death.

Separation implies the waiver of all acquired rights, except those that are inalienable by legal mandate.

(Note: See Law No. 2795 of August 7, 1961, "Reforma Integral Ley Orgánica Asociación Nacional Educadores ANDE")

• a)National Congress of Educators; b) Central Executive Board; and c) Executive Boards of the branches (filiales).

(Note: See Law No. 2795 of August 7, 1961, "Reforma Integral Ley Orgánica Asociación Nacional Educadores ANDE")

• a)The members of the Central Executive Board; b) One representative from each Faculty of the University of Costa Rica and another from the National Conservatory of Music; c) One representative from each Official Secondary School; d) One representative for every fifty teachers of private secondary schools who do not work in official schools or secondary schools and who have constituted a branch (filial); e) One representative for every fifty teachers of private primary schools who do not work in official schools or secondary schools and who have constituted a branch (filial), f) One representative for the Association of Inspectors, Visitors, and Technical Directors of Special Subjects; g) One representative for every fifty teachers of official primary schools who have constituted a branch (filial); h) One representative for every fifty retired and pensioned teachers and secondary school teachers who have constituted a branch (filial). All representatives must be members and shall remain in their functions until replaced, which must be notified to the Central Executive Board. Members who, for any reason, cannot belong to a specific branch (filial) may join whichever they wish. In the cases of subsections d), e), g), and h), and if the remainder exceeds fifteen members, another representative may then be appointed; and if, in a teachers’ circuit, they do not reach the number of fifty, they may appoint a representative if the total exceeds fifteen members.

(Note: See Law No. 2795 of August 7, 1961, "Reforma Integral Ley Orgánica Asociación Nacional Educadores ANDE")

Its powers, in addition to those separately indicated, are:

To elect the members of the Central Executive Board; to modify the indicated periodic dues, and to set the initiation fees should they come to be established; to review the reports of the Central Executive Board and those presented to it by the branches (filiales); to amend the Bylaws (Estatutos) of the Association.

These amendments must be approved by two-thirds of the votes present and may be considered in an extraordinary meeting at the request of fifty percent of the members of the Congress.

The Congress shall meet in the capital of the Republic or in the city designated by the majority in the previous session. Ordinarily, it must do so at least once a year, within the last fifteen days of each fiscal year, following a call to meeting (convocatoria) issued by the Central Executive Board specifying the matters to be discussed. The call to meeting shall be made by means of a circular that must be published in the Official Gazette (Diario Oficial).

The Congress shall act validly with the presence of one-third of the total number of its members, according to the registry to be kept by the Central Executive Board.

Its resolutions shall be adopted by an absolute majority of the votes present, except in cases where the law or the Bylaws (Estatutos) require a higher number.

The President of the Central Executive Board shall preside over the sessions of the National Congress of Educators; the Secretaries of the aforementioned Board shall act as Secretaries.

The National Congress of Educators shall adopt its own internal rules (reglamento interno).

(Note: See Law No. 2795 of August 7, 1961, "Reforma Integral Ley Orgánica Asociación Nacional Educadores ANDE")

At the end of the first year, those members indicated by the Central Executive Board by vote shall be replaced.

This Board shall be composed of twenty-six members. The appointees shall elect from among their own body annually: a President, a Vice President, a Secretary General, a Treasurer-Accountant, an Auditor (Fiscal), a Recording Secretary, and a Corresponding Secretary. The remaining members are voting members (vocales). At its first session of the year, the Board shall designate the order in which the voting members (vocales) shall substitute for the President, the Vice President, and the Secretaries.

The President, the Treasurer, and the Auditor (Fiscal) have the functions indicated in Article 24 of the Law of Associations. In the President’s absence, the sessions shall be presided over by the Vice President or the voting member (vocal) designated for this purpose. If the President’s absence is absolute, the Vice President shall exercise his functions pending a new appointment. The Recording Secretary must draft the minutes of the sessions of the Central Executive Board and the Congress; the Corresponding Secretary must handle its correspondence; and the General Secretary must coordinate the functions of the others and sign the minutes with the person presiding. When a member of the Central Executive Board misses four consecutive ordinary sessions or six non-consecutive sessions, without just cause, which must be alleged and proven within the following eight days, they may be removed by agreement of the Central Executive Board. If, due to such removals, it is difficult or impossible to hold a valid session, the National Congress of Educators must be convened immediately to hold the corresponding elections.

The quorum for the sessions of the Central Executive Board is at least nine members present; its resolutions shall be adopted by an absolute majority of votes, unless the law or the bylaws (estatutos) require a higher number.

(Note: See Law No. 2795 of August 7, 1961, "Reforma Integral Ley Orgánica Asociación Nacional Educadores ANDE")

Total University of Costa Rica ..................................3 One for each Official Secondary School................5 Private primary and secondary schools.............1 Retired and pensioned teachers..........................1 Primary education teachers from the province of San José.......................4 Primary education teachers from the province of Alajuela..............................3 Primary education teachers from the provinces of Cartago, Guanacaste, and Heredia, two each ..................................6 Primary education teachers from the provinces of Puntarenas and Limón, one each........2 Association of Inspectors, Visitors, and Technical Directors of Special Subjects ..................................1 (Note: See Law No. 2795 of August 7, 1961, "Reforma Integral Ley Orgánica Asociación Nacional Educadores ANDE")

The President of the Association has its limited legal representation.

He shall channel its activities for the better fulfillment of its purposes; he shall appoint all required employees; he shall administer and allocate the funds in the proportion established by the Bylaws (Estatutos); he shall exercise disciplinary jurisdiction over all members, and may impose the sanctions he deems appropriate, including the expulsion of members in cases of extreme gravity, in the manner indicated.

The internal rules (Reglamento interno) shall determine the manner in which the Central Executive Board must carry out its functions. These Rules may be amended at the request of no fewer than ten of its members and by agreement of two-thirds of the total.

(Note: See Law No. 2795 of August 7, 1961, "Reforma Integral Ley Orgánica Asociación Nacional Educadores ANDE")

First.- Members who are associated with the University of Costa Rica and the National Conservatory of Music; Second.- Teachers of official secondary schools, whether each school separately, or several jointly; Third.- Teachers of private secondary schools; Fourth.- Teachers of private primary schools; Fifth.- Inspectors, Visitors, and Technical Directors of special subjects; Sixth.- Official primary school teachers of each school circuit of primary education or of several of them jointly.

Seventh.- Retired primary and secondary school teachers; and Eighth.- Pensioned primary and secondary school teachers. The last two groups may constitute a single branch (filial). No branch (filial) may be formed with fewer than twenty-five members, except in special cases in which, in the judgment of the Central Executive Board, the operation of such branches is authorized with a number of members not fewer than fifteen.

(Note: See Law No. 2795 of August 7, 1961, "Reforma Integral Ley Orgánica Asociación Nacional Educadores ANDE")

The composition of this board must be communicated immediately to the Central Board for its registration in the corresponding books; the President of the Central Executive Board shall provide certification of this registration to the respective branch (filial) so that it may prove its legal standing (personería).

The election of the executive boards of the branches (filiales) must be conducted by an absolute majority of the votes of the members of each one; their resolutions shall also be adopted by an absolute majority of votes, except in those cases where the law and these bylaws (estatutos) require a higher number, and must be communicated to the Central Executive Board.

(Note: See Law No. 2795 of August 7, 1961, "Reforma Integral Ley Orgánica Asociación Nacional Educadores ANDE")

Annually, through the Central Executive Board, they must render an account of their activities to the National Congress of Educators.

(Note: See Law No. 2795 of August 7, 1961, "Reforma Integral Ley Orgánica Asociación Nacional Educadores ANDE")

(Note: See Law No. 2795 of August 7, 1961, "Reforma Integral Ley Orgánica Asociación Nacional Educadores ANDE")

(Note: See Law No. 2795 of August 7, 1961, "Reforma Integral Ley Orgánica Asociación Nacional Educadores ANDE")

(Note: See Law No. 2795 of August 7, 1961, "Reforma Integral Ley Orgánica Asociación Nacional Educadores ANDE")

(Note: See Law No. 2795 of August 7, 1961, "Reforma Integral Ley Orgánica Asociación Nacional Educadores ANDE")

Furthermore, all rights or prerogatives that the laws grant to the National Association of Educators are recognized in favor of the Association of Secondary School Teachers.

(Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 1996 of January 23, 1956) (Note: See Law No. 2795 of August 7, 1961, "Reforma Integral Ley Orgánica Asociación Nacional Educadores ANDE")

(Note: See Law No. 2795 of August 7, 1961, "Reforma Integral Ley Orgánica Asociación Nacional Educadores ANDE")

Of the Life Insurance Society of the Teaching Profession

It shall have its seat in the city of San José and shall be composed of:

• a)All teaching and administrative officials under the Ministry of Public Education, as well as those who work in official, semi-official, and private educational institutions, legally operating at their various levels and modalities, and those who serve in administrative bodies belonging to the national educational system.

(Thus amended the previous subsection by Article 6 of Law No. 7028 of April 23, 1986) b) Pensioned or retired secondary school teachers, primary school teachers, and administrative employees, in accordance with the provisions of this Code or the Law of Pensions of the Teaching Profession, subrogated by this Code; c) (Repealed by Article 6 of Law No. 7028 of April 23, 1986) d) The employees of legally constituted educators' organizations, the administrative boards (juntas administrativas) of official secondary schools; of complementary schools, and of education boards (juntas de educación), provided they file an application for entry within the first six months of commencing their services; (By means of Article 143 of Law No. 6995 of July 22, 1985, "Ley de Presupuesto Extraordinario", the six-month period established in the previous subsection is rendered without effect) e) Secondary and primary school teachers registered in their respective career ladder (escalafón) who, without having commenced their services, request entry into the society, within six months following the registration of their degrees or certificates; (By means of Article 143 of Law No. 6995 of July 22, 1985, "Ley de Presupuesto Extraordinario", the six-month period established in the previous subsection is rendered without effect) f) Secondary or primary school teachers registered in their respective career ladder (escalafón) who retire from service, or pensioned or retired members who suspend their pension or retirement, and request re-entry into the society within six months following the date of their retirement or suspension, unless they have suffered the penalty of definitive separation from the teaching profession established by Articles 149 and 158 of this Code and when they have satisfied the totality of the dues charged from the date of their retirement or suspension; (By means of Article 143 of Law No. 6995 of July 22, 1985, "Ley de Presupuesto Extraordinario", the six-month period established in the previous subsection is rendered without effect) g) (Repealed by Article 6 of Law No. 7028 of April 23, 1986) h) Secondary school teachers, primary school teachers, or administrative employees who temporarily retire from service with leave and without pay, provided they request re-entry for the duration of the leave; and i) Secondary and primary school teachers without degrees or certificates and administrative employees, while they remain in the performance of their positions. However, if their services reach five years, they may, upon leaving the service, be incorporated again, for which they must make the respective application within six months following the date of cessation of their functions, provided they have not been dismissed for serious cause in accordance with Articles 149 and 159 of this Code.

(By means of Article 143 of Law No. 6995 of July 22, 1985, "Ley de Presupuesto Extraordinario", the six-month period established in the previous subsection is rendered without effect) j) Any person who has worked in the Costa Rican educational system, upon ceasing in service, may request reincorporation into the protection of the mutual policy (póliza mutual) at any time, provided they pay the totality of the owed dues, counted from the date of cessation until the day of reincorporation, in the manner indicated in Article 501.

(Thus added the previous subsection by Article 143 of Law No. 6995 of July 22, 1985, "Ley de Presupuesto Extraordinario") Secondary and primary school teachers reincorporated in accordance with this law, who go on to render services in any department of the Ministry of Public Education, may request that their reincorporation be declared suspended for the duration of that service.

In the cases provided for in subsections c), d), e), f), g), h), and i), if the applicants pass away without their corresponding application having been resolved, the beneficiaries shall be entitled to the insurance established by Article 498 of this Code, provided the board's resolution regarding the incorporation or reincorporation of the former is affirmative.

(Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 4204 of October 21, 1968)

The amount of the insurance shall be reviewed periodically, at least every five years, by means of an actuarial study of the Society's finances. From the amount payable for the death of each member, the sums determined by the Board of Directors may be deducted to attend to the formation of the reserve fund, administration expenses, and the other benefits contemplated by Article 499 of this Code that cannot be covered with the margins determined for these items in the dues that the members must satisfy.

For the persons referred to in subsections a) and b) and the first paragraph of subsection i) of Article 496, membership status is mandatory.

Membership status is lost upon ceasing in the service, unless the interested party personally files the request for reincorporation established in the previous article. The persons who were favored by the Law of Mutual Aid (Ley de Socorro Mutuo), No. 7 of December 24, 1920, are not members of this Society.

(Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 5043 of August 9, 1972)

After that period, any request shall be rejected, and the amount shall become part of the reserve, except in the case contemplated in the final paragraph of this article.

The administrator of the society or any of the members of the board of directors who become aware of the death of an insured are obligated to notify the interested parties so that they may appear to legalize their rights. The superiors of the members are equally obligated to notify the administrator when the death of any of their subordinates occurs.

In the case of absence, the provisions of Title III, Chapter I of the Civil Code shall be observed insofar as applicable.

(Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 4204 of October 21, 1968)

The amount of that dues shall be reviewed periodically, at least every five years, by means of an actuarial study of the Society’s finances.

After covering the death benefits, the remainder of the collected funds shall form the reserve to be allocated for the payment of policies (pólizas), if necessary; for providing advances to beneficiaries for urgent burial expenses, funerals, etc., of deceased members; for loans to pensioned members, as established in Article 508 of this Code; for subsidies to members in official teaching or administrative service who retire with sick leave and with a reduction in their salary; for subsidies to pensioned or retired members gravely ill who meet the conditions established by Decree No. 3 of May 14, 1949; for the other applications established by this Code and those determined by the Board of Directors by Rules (Reglamento) for the benefit of the members.

The total of the advances made shall be reimbursed to the reserve upon settlement of the respective policies (pólizas).

(Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 5043 of August 9, 1972)

Such deduction shall be equal for all members, corresponding to a full month's dues even if the time served was less.

The Accounting Office of the Ministry of Public Education shall retain all money orders (giros) originating from the different departments and released to the order of the Society and shall deliver them to the Secretary-Treasurer.

(Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 1926 of September 6, 1955)

In each case, the administrator shall issue the corresponding receipt. The failure to pay three monthly receipts in a timely manner shall cause the member to lose their rights. However, the interested party may recover them if they become current in the payment of their dues and pay, as a fine for each instance, fifty percent of the sum owed.

Amounts paid for rehabilitation or fines shall increase the reserve; this advantage may not be applied in the event of the death of a member who was in default. The administrator, each time it is not the interested party personally making the request, shall record the day and time that such request is submitted, and shall conduct the corresponding investigations.

(Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 4204 of October 21, 1968)

When dealing with a legitimate succession or the case of absence, the corresponding provisions of the Civil Code and the Code of Civil Procedure shall apply.

(Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 4204 of October 21, 1968)

(Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 715 of September 14, 1949)

In the event that the processing of a request involves the interests of minors, the corresponding portion shall be deposited with the National Child Welfare Agency (Patronato Nacional de la Infancia), for its responsibility.

(Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 715 of September 14, 1949)

• a)Three representatives appointed by the Central Executive Board of the National Association of Educators (ANDE).
• b)Two representatives appointed by the Central Executive Board of the Association of Pensioned Educators (ADEP).
• c)One representative appointed by the Central Executive Board of the Association of Secondary School Teachers (APSE).
• d)One representative appointed by the Executive Board of the Association of Professors and Officials of the University of Costa Rica (Asprofu).
• e)One representative of the reincorporated educators or of those who are not affiliated with any association, appointed directly by the Ministry of Public Education (MEP).
• f)One representative appointed by the Union of Costa Rican Education Workers (SEC), in accordance with its bylaws and internal rules.

The executive boards of the mentioned teaching profession organizations shall communicate, in the corresponding month of February, the names of the representatives to the Ministry of Education (MEP), so that it may proceed to appoint the Board of Directors (Junta Directiva) of the Society by executive decree (decreto ejecutivo).

The appointment must be made within the first two weeks of the following month of March; the appointed persons must be sworn in before the Minister of Public Education (MEP) no later than eight days after the publication of the appointment decree, to assume functions on the corresponding April 1st.

The members of the Board of Directors (Junta Directiva) of the Society shall hold their positions for a period of three years and may be consecutively re-elected only once.

When vacancies occur for reasons other than the end of the legal period, the replacement shall be made for the remainder of the period with persons appointed in the manner indicated in this article, as the case may be.

(Thus amended by the sole article of Law No. 9281 of October 27, 2014)

They must hold ordinary sessions once a month and extraordinarily when convened by the president. The quorum for the sessions of the board shall be five members, who shall earn a per diem (dieta) for each session they attend. The amount of the per diem (dieta) shall be determined by the board in the ordinary budget for each year.

The board shall appoint, from outside its body and by a majority of no less than five votes, an administrator. The latter shall attend the board’s deliberations with voice but without vote; shall serve for a term of three years and may be re-elected indefinitely. To remove him, the agreement of at least five members of the board of directors (junta directiva) shall be required.

The administrator shall be responsible for the administrative operation of the society and shall act in its representation with the character of a general legal representative (apoderado general). The rules (reglamento) shall define in detail the functions and powers of this official.

The administrator shall receive a salary to be set by the board of directors (junta directiva) in the annual budget of the society and shall perform his functions with the administrative staff determined by the board. He shall be obligated to guarantee the handling of the society’s funds and the responsibilities that may arise from the performance of his position, by means of a fidelity policy (póliza de fidelidad) contracted with the National Insurance Institute (Instituto Nacional de Seguros), for an amount to be set by the board at the time of the respective appointment. The guarantee must be provided within eight days following this appointment, and the premiums shall be at the expense of the society.

The General Comptroller’s Office (Contraloría General de la República) shall appoint, when it deems convenient, a delegate to review the books, vouchers, and other documents of the society, to verify the correctness of its operations. At least once a year, the society must perform an audit of its operations, contracting for this purpose a firm qualified in external auditing. The respective report must be widely distributed among the members.

(Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 4614 of July 22, 1970)

• a)When credits are obtained with a pledge on the policies, with the Instituto Nacional de Vivienda y Urbanismo, to build or repair dwelling houses; and b) When the members carry out credit operations with the Caja de Préstamos y Descuentos of the Asociación Nacional de Educadores, or with any other State institution or one authorized by the State, with the guarantee of the policy, it shall be deemed pledged to that institution, without any obligation for the society and at the institution's charge. If the debtor dies, with the total or part of the debt still pending payment, the administrator shall withhold, when making the settlement, the respective sum to pay the debt. The deductions made for the stated purposes may not give rise to claims against the society, except for an error in the settlement.

(Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 4204 of October 21, 1968)

The conditions of these loans shall be established in the Regulations of the Society.

The Society shall enjoy the same guarantee established in subsection b) of Article 507 above and may allocate for these operations those sums that, in accordance with its social programs, are deemed sufficient to meet the needs of the members in the circumstances provided for in this article.

The Board of Directors shall issue Regulations for the Society, detailing its organization and operation; the amount, form, and conditions under which the benefits shall be granted; the procedures for the formation or investment of the reserve fund; the accounting control standards; and any other important aspect for the proper functioning of the institution.

(Thus amended by Article 1 of Law No. 5283 of July 31, 1973) BOOK VIII Of the Cultural Extension Service

Of the Public Libraries

3481 of January 13, 1965)

3481 of January 13, 1965)

3481 of January 13, 1965)

3481 of January 13, 1965)

Of the Museo Nacional

1542 of March 7, 1953, "Adscripción del Museo Nacional y del Parque Bolívar a Ministerios")

1542 of March 7, 1953, "Adscripción del Museo Nacional y del Parque Bolívar a Ministerios")

1542 of March 7, 1953, "Adscripción del Museo Nacional y del Parque Bolívar a Ministerios")

1542 of March 7, 1953, "Adscripción del Museo Nacional y del Parque Bolívar a Ministerios")

1542 of March 7, 1953, "Adscripción del Museo Nacional y del Parque Bolívar a Ministerios")

1542 of March 7, 1953, "Adscripción del Museo Nacional y del Parque Bolívar a Ministerios")

1542 of March 7, 1953, "Adscripción del Museo Nacional y del Parque Bolívar a Ministerios")

1542 of March 7, 1953, "Adscripción del Museo Nacional y del Parque Bolívar a Ministerios")

1542 of March 7, 1953, "Adscripción del Museo Nacional y del Parque Bolívar a Ministerios") BOOK IX Of the Auxiliary Offices

Of the Contaduría General Escolar

3481 of January 13, 1965)

3481 of January 13, 1965)

3481 of January 13, 1965)

3481 of January 13, 1965)

3481 of January 13, 1965)

Of the Almacén Nacional Escolar

For this, it shall have 40% of the Fondo Nacional Escolar.

The cost price of the merchandise acquired by the Almacén Nacional Escolar is considered to be the bid price plus 10% charged to cover administration expenses.

Casa Presidencial.- San José, on the twenty-sixth day of February, one thousand nine hundred and forty-four.

Del Secretario de Estado

Una Junta Administradora desempeñará, con respecto a los Colegios Oficiales, funciones similares.

Del Consejo Superior de Educación Pública

Tendrá un Secretario de fuera de su seno.

El Secretario de Educación Pública lo consultará cuando por la gravedad y trascendencia del caso lo considere necesario.

Deberá, sin embargo, oírse el voto del Consejo:

• a)Cuando hayan de decidirse asuntos contencioso-administrativos del ramo; y b) Cuando se trate de dar, reformar o derogar leyes y reglamentos referentes a educación pública.

LIBRO I De la Educación Primaria

(El primer párrafo original de esta artículo fue derogado por el artículo 49 de la Ley Fundamental de Educación, Nº 2160 de 25 de setiembre de 1957) Sin embargo, los padres de familia tienen derecho a no inscribir a sus hijos en las escuelas hasta que no cumplan ocho años si la mala salud de éstos no les permite emprender a los siete los estudios escolares.

En los días lectivos, durante las horas de asistencia a la escuela, no podrán ser ocupados en haciendas, talleres, casas de comercio, casas particulares u oficinas, en asuntos ajenos a la enseñanza, salvo el caso de licencia concedida por autoridad competente.

La segunda enseñanza en los colegios oficiales y la enseñanza en la Universidad son gratuitas para los estudiantes pobres. El Poder Ejecutivo reglamentará la forma de comprobar la pobreza en cuanto a los estudiantes de los colegios oficiales y el Consejo Universitario en cuanto a los universitarios.

(Así reformado el párrafo anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 561 del 10 de junio de 1949)) (Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 48 del 15 de febrero de 1945)

Educación Moral y Cívica; Educación Agrícola e Industrial; Educación Física y Artística; Idioma nacional; Geografía e Historia; Estudio de la Naturaleza.

• a)saber leer corrientemente y darse cuenta de lo leído; saber expresar con relativa corrección lo que se conoce de cualquier asunto, y saber redactar y escribir cartas y documentos sencillos.
• b)Dominar las cuatro operaciones fundamentales con números enteros y con fracciones decimales, hasta donde sea necesario para resolver los problemas que ofrecen las actividades de la vida diaria. Saber aplicar los conocimientos adquiridos a problemas. Conocer y saber aplicar las fórmulas que determinan las superficies de triángulos y cuadriláteros del círculo y de los polígonos regulares, así como los volúmenes del cubo, del prisma y del cilindro.
• c)Poseer nociones elementales suficientes de los seis países centroamericanos; territorios, actividades agrícolas e industriales, comunicaciones colocación de las seis repúblicas en el continente americano y de éste en el mundo, y relaciones de estos países con los restantes.
• d)Conocer la actuación de los grandes hombres de las seis Repúblicas y los hechos culminantes de su historia, así como el significado de los símbolos nacionales y de las fiestas patrias de todas ellas.
• e)Tener nociones del cuerpo humano, conocer los animales y las plantas más comunes en los países del Istmo, así como las industrias que de ellos se derivan.
• f)Conocer los deberes y derechos del ciudadano y las funciones de los principales organismos y autoridades del país.
• g)Poseer hábitos morales y conocer y practicar las reglas de higiene y urbanidad indispensables.

De los funcionarios de Educación Primaria

De los Jefes Técnico y Administrativo

De los Inspectores y Visitadores Escolares

De los Directores Técnicos de Asignaturas Especiales

De los Visitadores Auxiliares

1º.- Hacer visitas a los escuelas que no sean de Tercer Orden.

En el caso de que su superior les indique hacer visitas a alguna escuela de Primero o de Segundo Orden, este funcionario debe hacerlo, en cada oportunidad, por medio de nota que ha de ser presentada al Director de la Escuela visitada y que éste conservará en su archivo. En un mismo mes no pueden los Visitadores Auxiliares ser autorizados para visitar más de cuatro escuelas de Primero o de Segundo Orden; 2º.- Efectuar reuniones de maestros o de alumnos de las escuelas de la provincia sin que esas reuniones sean convocadas por el Inspector de Escuelas a quien debe hacer la solicitud correspondiente el Director Técnico de la asignatura; 3º.- Conceder permiso a las maestras de su provincia para que falten a las lecciones o a cualquier acto escolar al que tengan obligación de asistir; 4º.- Efectuar concursos entre alumnos de una misma o de diversas escuelas sin la autorización previa del Director Técnico de la asignatura, y 5º.- Intervenir en la formación de horarios, los cuales corresponde hacer al respectivo Director.

(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley Nº 48 de 15 de febrero de 1945)

De las Juntas de Educación a) Disposiciones generales

• d)Fondo Nacional de Educación (Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 16 de la Ley de Administración Financiera de la República Nº 1279 de 2 de mayo de 1951, que regula los ingresos y egresos del Tesoro Nacional).

De los Patronatos Escolares

Los Patronatos Escolares colaborarán en la obra encomendada a las Juntas de Educación y en general en todas las labores de carácter docente, promoviendo de preferencia el adelanto material de las escuelas y cuanto tienda al bienestar de los niños.

Esa asamblea designará una Directiva compuesta de un Presidente, un Secretario, un Tesorero y cinco vocales. Se procurará que en ella además de las personas del vecindario vinculadas con la escuela, elementos del Personal Docente en un tanto proporcional al número de alumnos que la frecuenten.

Los alimentos y bebidas que allí se vendan, estarán vigilados directamente por el Director de la escuela y, si fuere del caso por, la autoridad sanitaria, a fin de que se llenen los requisitos que prescribe la higiene.

Cuando se trate de rifas o ferias, la comunicación debe enviarse veinte días antes, por lo menos, de la fecha que se señale para llevarlas a cabo.

• a)A llevar una cuenta minuciosa de entradas y salidas; b) A informar trimestralmente a la Inspección de Escuelas, sobre el movimiento de fondos; c) A enviar una copia documentada del estado de cuentas a la Inspección de Escuelas y una copia simple a la Contaduría General Escolar; d) A rendir cuentas del estado de fondos en las asambleas ordinarias de Padres de familia, y a cualquiera de éstos en forma particular cuando así lo solicitare; e) A llevar un Libro de Actas.

Los fondos percibidos por éstos en concepto de donaciones, sólo podrán ser destinados a los objetos señalados por los donantes.

Las cuotas correspondientes serán recaudadas por el Director del plantel, pero conservarán un carácter estrictamente voluntario, de modo que se respete siempre cualquier actitud de los contribuyentes y no se lastime en forma alguna a quienes se vean en el caso de suspender el óbolo.

De los Consejos Agrícolas Escolares

• a)Difundir entre los vecinos aquellos procedimientos de profilaxis y curación de los animales, destrucción de parásitos, empleo de abonos y desinfección de terrenos, que más convengan a la localidad; b) Combatir por medio de la persuación y la enseñanza, y aún sirviéndose de las autoridades cuando fuere del caso, todas aquellas prácticas contrarias a la técnica agrícola o reñidas con las disposiciones de las leyes forestales; c) Cuidar de que sean respetados, aun durante los lapsos de receso escolar, los trabajos hechos por los alumnos en sus campos agrícolas, y ch) Cooperar con los empleados de la Secretaría de Agricultura, y llevar la iniciativa en la persecución de las hormigas, langostas, y otras plagas que perjudiquen las labores agrícolas.

(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 48 de 15 de febrero de 1945)

Del Personal Docente

Integración y clasificación

Transitorio.- Las enfermedades de Salud Pública que tengan a su vez el título de Asistentes Sanitarias Escolares, y estén amparadas actualmente al régimen de Seguros del Magisterio, y al Fondo de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del mismo, podrán seguir formando parte de ellos, de conformidad con lo dispuesto por el Código de Educación.

(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley Nº 1261 de 26 de enero de 1951)

• a)Los maestros de grado se dividen en cuatro grupos y cada grupo en tres categorías. Forman el grupo A, los maestros que poseen título profesional expedido por la Facultad de Pedagogía de la Universidad Nacional, los graduados en la antigua Escuela Normal de Costa Rica o en las antiguas Secciones Normales del Liceo de Costa Rica o del Colegio Superior de Señoritas, los graduados en las Escuelas Normales con base de bachillerato y los graduados en las Facultades de Ciencias y de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad Nacional; el grupo B, los graduados en las Escuelas Normales Regionales que no tienen base de bachillerato y los egresados de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad Nacional que sirvan en las escuelas primarias como maestros ordinarios; el grupo C, los que poseen el Certificado Superior de Aptitud para la enseñanza primaria; y el grupo D, los que poseen el Certificado Elemental de Aptitud para dicha enseñanza.
• b)Sin embargo, los maestros normales regionales estarán equiparados, para efectos de sueldo, a los del grupo A, y pasarán definitivamente a este último grupo después de seis años de servicios, siempre que sus calificaciones hayan sido de Bueno o superiores a Bueno.

(Así reformado el inciso anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2584 del 17 de junio de 1960) c) Dentro de cada grupo se considera que pertenecen a la Primera Categoría los maestros que han prestado servicios docentes durante un lapso no menor de seis años; a la Segunda, los que tienen más de tres años de servicios y no han cumplido seis; y a la Tercera, los que no reúnan esas condiciones.

Los alumnos del Instituto de Formación Profesional del Magisterio, sean maestros ordinarios o especiales, que aprueben los exámenes para su graduación, se considerarán incluidos en el grupo "b" del Escalafón, y pasarán al grupo "A" los que cursen y aprueben un año más, de acuerdo con los programas, materiales y planes de estudios que se adicionarán al reglamento de la Institución.

Los profesores de Enseñanza media serán asimilados, para efectos de sueldo, al grupo "B", y si aprueban un año de post-graduados, serán incluidos en dicho grupo.

(Nota de Sinalevi: El artículo 1° de la ley N° 2718 del 1 de febrero de 1961 adicionó originalmente tres párrafos al final del presente numeral. Posteriormente, el artículo 1 de ley N° 3254 del 12 de diciembre de 1963 los refunde en dos párrafos, con las modificaciones indicadas)

Forman el grupo A, los maestros que tienen títulos expedidos por la Escuela de Bellas Artes, el Conservatorio Nacional de Música o la Junta de Directores de Segunda Enseñanza y Normal; el grupo B, los egresados de la Escuela de Bellas Artes y del Conservatorio Nacional de Música sin título de Bachiller, las egresadas de la Escuela Profesional Femenina, los sacerdotes católicos que sean nombrados como maestros de Religión en las escuelas primarias y los maestros de Música que tengan el Certificado de Idoneidad y además el Certificado de Aprovechamiento Certificado de Idoneidad para la enseñanza de su correspondiente asignatura.

Dentro de cada grupo se considera que pertenecen a la Primera Categoría los maestros que han prestado servicios docentes durante un lapso no menor de seis años; a la Segunda, los que tienen más de tres años de servicio y no han cumplido seis; y a la Tercera, los que no reúnan esas condiciones.

(Así reformado por el artículo único de la ley Nº 1944 de 3 de octubre de 1955)

Condiciones para ejercer el magisterio

• a)Ser mayor de dieciocho años, excepto cuando se trate de graduados de establecimientos docentes oficiales autorizados para la formación de maestros, caso en el cual deberán los aspirantes ser mayores de dieciséis años; b) Poseer título de Profesor de Educación Primaria, o Maestro Normal, o Certificado de Aptitud e Idoneidad para la enseñanza; c) Ser de buena conducta; d) No tener defectos físicos o enfermedades contagiosas u otras que lo incapaciten para el desempeño de su cargo; e) Haber formado el expediente personal a que se refiere el artículo siguiente.

No obstante para llenar las plazas que se encuentras vacantes por falta de maestro titulados, la Secretaría de Educación podrá nombrar interinamente, en calidad de Aspirantes, a personas que carezcan de los títulos que indica el inciso b), siempre que reúnan los demás requisitos que señala este artículo y tengan certificado de conclusión de estudios primarios.

(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 1107 de 26 de diciembre de 1947)

• a)Certificación de nacimiento expedida por el Registro del Estado Civil; b) Diploma de Profesor de Educación Primaria o Maestro Normal, o Certificado de Aptitud o Idoneidad, o constancia auténtica de estar inscritos tales documentos en el registro correspondiente; c) Certificado de salud extendido por el Departamento de Epidemiología de la Secretaría de Salubridad Pública o en su defecto por un Médico Oficial en que compruebe la aptitud física para el buen desempeño de las funciones docentes; d) En el caso de aspirantes o maestros que o son graduados de la Universidad de Costa Rica, certificado de buena conducta extendido por la Junta de Educación del lugar de residencia del interesado.

Condiciones para ejercer el cargo de Asistente Sanitario Escolar

Nombramiento

Los asistentes sanitarios escolares serán nombrados por la Secretaría de Salubridad Pública y dependerán del Departamento Sanitario Escolar de dicha Secretaría.

Hoja de servicios

1º.- Número y fecha del acuerdo de nombramiento.

2º.- Tiempo servido durante el año.

3º.- Puntualidad en la asistencia.

4º.- Otros aspectos de su labor.

5º.- Licencias y sus motivos.

6º.- Calidad de servicios.

7º.- Estímulos.

8º.- Censuras.

Excelente.- Corresponde a una labor verdaderamente excepcional: sólida preparación intelectual; trabajo eficaz en el aula y en el campo agrícola; manifesto interés en las labores de socialización escolar; afán de autocultura revelado en una constante aptitud para servir los más elevados ideales de la escuela; su sinceridad en su actuación en la escuela, con esfuerzo y consagración que prestigien a todo el magisterio; dominio de los principios pedagógicos recomendados por los superiores: empeño en la socialización de la escuela; elevación en la interpretación de los programas, reglamentos y disposiciones del superior jerárquico; debido acatamiento de los derechos de los niños y las aspiraciones de la República; aplicación en su trabajo de los principios de la educación integral; capacidad para trabajar con notoria propiedad en todos los grados de la escuela primaria; prontitud para tomar a su cargo el grado que se le designe; distinción en los procedimientos, planes de lección, material de enseñanza, disciplina y labor escrita; eficacia en la orientación de la labor agrícola, en relación con las necesidades del país, constante afán de perfeccionamiento.

Muy buena.- Revela sólida preparación intelectual; trabajo eficaz en el aula y en el campo agrícola; colaboración entusiasta y decidida en la obra de extensión escolar; afán de autocultura y evidente espíritu de perfeccionamiento; destreza pedagógica, elevación y correcta interpretación de los programas en vigencia; conocimiento y observancia de la legislación escolar y demás disposiciones reglamentarias, espíritu de servicio puesto en evidencia en su trabajo de aula y en las relaciones con sus compañeros y padres de familia; excelentes cualidades morales y sociales y sinceridad manifiesta en las actividades docentes; presentación correcta ante los demás y trato respetuoso para con todas las personas.

Buena.- Acusa una apreciable preparación intelectual; buen trabajo en el aula y en el campo agrícola; manifiesto interés en las labores de socialización escolar; conocimiento y respeto de las disposiciones legales y reglamentarias; espíritu de cooperación, servicio y compañerismo; exactitud, limpieza y orden en los registro, diario y otros libros que lleve el maestro, manifiesta puntualidad.

Aceptable.- Indica suficientes conocimientos en las materias propias de su cargo; trabajos de aula completos, aunque no del todo satisfactorios; capacidad y voluntad para mejorar las condiciones propias del educador; puntualidad, buenos hábitos sociales, conocimiento y acatamiento de las disposiciones legales y reglamentarias en vigencia.

Mediana.-Revela trabajo en el aula y, en general en la escuela, incompleto y poco satisfactorio; escaso empeño en mejorar profesionalmente; señalada impuntualidad.

Ineficaz.- Acusa notorio mal servicio, evidenciado por hechos contrarios al buen gobierno de la escuela, reveladores de incapacidad para el ejercicio de la docencia.

La calificación de Excelente no se dará a los maestros que hayan dejado de asistir a cualquiera de los actos a que hubieren sido convocados por el superior o que tengan más de quince ausencias aunque sean motivadas, salvo que se trate de los casos contemplados en los artículos 134 y 144 de este Código.

La calificación de Muy Buena no se dará a los maestros que hayan faltado a cualquiera de los actos dichos, o que tengan más de veinte ausencias aunque sean justificadas, salvo los casos indicados No se dará la calificación de Excelente o Muy Buena, ni la de Buena, al maestro que tenga más de tres ausencias injustificadas.

Junta Calificadora

Son atribuciones de la Junta:

1º.- Asignar sus categorías a los maestros y a los asistentes sanitarios.

2º.- Acordar los ascensos reglamentarios.

3º.- Formular el Escalafón General de Maestros, y el de asistentes sanitarios.

4º.- Informar en las solicitudes de pensión acerca de los años de servicios prestados.

4º.- Colaborar en la redacción de las fórmulas de hojas de servicios, actas de exámenes, y cualquiera otros documentos que se consideren pertinentes.

Sin embargo, también podrá ser ascendido en su categoría el maestro que ha obtenido la nota de Aceptable, en un año de servicio, siempre que éste no sea el último del período requerido para el ascenso.

1º.- Los años en que el maestro titulado ha servido como miembro propietario o suplente del Poder Legislativo; 2º.- Aquéllos en que ha prestado servicios en el país en colegios o escuelas particulares reconocidas, de primera o de segunda enseñanza, o en cualquier destino relacionado con la educación pública, siempre que su desempeño lo obligue a estar al corriente de los progresos educativos, que haya contribuido a la difusión de la cultura nacional y que sus servicios hayan sido conceptuados como buenos, circunstancias todas que deben hacerse constar en el expediente respectivo; 3º.- Los años que ha servido en escuelas o colegios de otros países, siempre que para ello hubiere obtenido la autorización previa de la Secretaría de Educación Pública y que reúna los otros requisitos que indica el inciso anterior.

En todos los casos, el maestro o profesor que quiera acogerse a este derecho debe seguir contribuyendo al fondo de pensiones que prescribe el artículo 192, en proporción al sueldo que le correspondería conforme a su categoría, y en caso de que no lo hubiere hecho, deberá reintegrar el monto total de las contribuciones que dejó de pagar, antes de que se le conceda ascenso o jubilación.

1º.- Del cuidadoso arreglo y custodia de los los libros, registros y demás documentos de la Junta.

2º.- De llevar el registro de títulos y certificados.

3º.- De servir de órgano de comunicación entre la Junta y el Personal Docente de la República.

4º.- De expedir las certificaciones que le sean solicitadas, con el Vº Bº del Jefe administrativo de Educación Primaria.

5º.- De impedir que por ningún concepto salgan de la oficina expedientes, libros o documentos de cualquier clase a que se haya dado entrada en los libros de la misma, excepto cuando sean solicitados por autoridad competente, y en este caso, previo recibo que se recogerá en un libro destinado al efecto.

6º.- De dar a los maestros y asistentes sanitarios toda clase de informes relativos a sus expedientes personales.

7º.- De agregar a los respectivos expedientes las hojas de servicio y llevar el control necesario, a fin de que ninguna de esas hojas deje de ser enviada en los casos que esta ley indica.

Sueldos

SUELDOS BASICOS MAESTROS DE GRADO (Sueldos Mensuales)

MAESTROS DE ASIGNATURAS ESPECIALES Sueldos Mensuales por lección seminal

VISITADORES DE ASIGNATURAS ESPECIALES Sueldo básico mensual ....................¢ 552.50 II SOBRESUELDOS Los maestros y profesores de educación primaria, encargados de la dirección provincial de escuelas, de la supervisión de educación primaria y de la dirección de una escuela, tendrán derecho a un sobresueldo, sobre su categoría, de acuerdo con la siguiente escala:

| a) Directores Provinciales de Educación Primaria: | | | --- | --- | | Con 200 escuelas o menos a su cuidado .................... | ¢ 750.00 (Así reformado el monto anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2285 del 12 de noviembre de 1958) | | Con más de 200 escuelas y hasta 300 escuelas (Así reformado el párrafo anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2285 del 12 de noviembre de 1958) ..................... | 850.00 (Así reformado el monto anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2285 del 12 de noviembre de 1958) | | Con más de 300 escuelas a su cargo (Así adicionado el párrafo anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2285 del 12 de noviembre de 1958) | 950.00 (Así adicionado el monto anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2285 del 12 de noviembre de 1958) | | b) Supervisores de Educación Primaria .................... | 550. 00 (Así reformado el monto anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2285 del 12 de noviembre de 1958) | | Técnicos de Educación Fundamental (Así adicionado el párrafo anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2285 del 12 de noviembre de 1958) | 350.00 (Así adicionado el monto anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2285 del 12 de noviembre de 1958) | | c) Directores de escuela: | | | Matrícula de la escuela | Sobresueldo | | Hasta 100 alumnos | ¢ 125.00 | | De 101 A 200 alumnos | 145.00 | | De 201 a 300 alumnos | 165.00 | | De 301 a 400 alumnos | 185.00 | | De 401 a 500 alumnos | 205.00 | | De 501 a 600 alumnos | 225.00 | | De 601 700 alumnos | 245.00 | | De 701 a 800 alumnos | 265.00 | | De 801 a 900 alumnos | 285.00 | | De 901 a 1000 alumnos | 305.00 | | De 1001 a 1100 alumnos | 325.00 | | De 1100 a 1200 alumnos | 345.00 | | De 1201 a 1500 alumnos | 365.00 | | Más de 1500 alumnos | 385.00 | Para la aplicación de esta escala se tomará en cuenta la matrícula media del año lectivo anterior. En los casos de escuelas nuevas se tomará la matrícula inicial.

• d)Los maestros y profesores encargados de la subdirección de una escuela, tendrán derecho a un sobresueldo, sobre su categoría, de acuerdo con la siguiente escala:

El cargo de subdirector sólo existirá en las escuelas cuya matrícula media durante el año lectivo haya sido superior a 600 alumnos. Sus funciones serán reglamentadas por la Administración General del Ministerio de Educación Pública.

• e)Los maestros y profesores que tengan a su cargo dos secciones tendrán derecho a un sobresueldo mensual de cien colones, siempre que no devenguen el sueldo de Dirección. El Ministerio de Educación Pública, en consulta con la Oficina del Presupuesto, podrá aumentar prudencialmente este sobre- sueldo cuando disponga de fondos para hacerlo.

Este sobresueldo se reconocerá cuando el maestro o profesor tenga a su cargo más de 25 alumnos, excepto en los casos muy calificados, a juicio de la Administración General.

Se declara incompatible la función de Director con el recargo de horario alterno, siempre que las escuelas tengan cinco o más secciones.

• f)Los maestros o profesores de educación primaria que desempeñen el cargo de Director Provincial de Educación Primaria, de Supervisor de Educación Primaria o de Visitador de Asignatura Especial, tendrán además, derecho a una suma adicional, para gastos de viático de ¢ 125.00 mensuales, como mínimo.
• g)Los maestros o profesores y demás servidores dependientes del Ministerio de Educación Pública, que presten servicios en regiones apartadas o insalubres del país, conforme a la calificación que de cada lugar hará el Ministerio mediante Decreto Ejecutivo, tendrán derecho a un sobresueldo de zona que oscilará entre el veinticinco y el cien por ciento de su sueldo de categoría o de presupuesto, si se tratara de empleados administrativos, y se girará con cargo a la partida de Personal Docente.
• h)Los maestros de grado y los de asignaturas especiales, los directores de escuela y los funcionarios citados en el inciso f) de este artículo, cuyos servicios en el Magisterio hayan sido calificados con excelente, tendrán derecho a un sobresueldo mensual de ¢ 50.00 por cada diez años calificados con esa nota. Los maestros, directores y funcionarios referidos, que hubieren adquirido el derecho a ese sobresueldo, continuarán gozando del mismo aunque pasaren a servir funciones administrativas dependientes del Ministerio de Educación Pública.

El pago de este sobresueldo se hará con cargo a la partida de Personal Docente.

• i)Los maestros o profesores de educación primaria que sean nombrados por el Ministerio de Educación Pública, para server plazas de profesores de segunda enseñanza, o para el desempeño de cargos administrativos, dependientes de las Direcciones Provinciales de Educación Primaria o de los Colegios de Segunda Enseñanza y Escuelas Normales, tendrán derecho a su sueldo de categoría, aunque sea menor la dotación que señale la Ley de Presupuesto, siempre y cuando dichos funcionarios únicamente desempeñen el cargo administrativo. Conservarán el derecho de ascenso en su categoría por años servidos y al sobresueldo de "excelente" según el inciso h) de este artículo.
• j)Existirá un sobresueldo de recargo por labores especiales, que se pagará de acuerdo con la reglamentación que al efecto dicte el Ministerio de Educación Pública y sin que pueda pasar del cincuenta por ciento (50%) del sueldo de categoría.

(Así reformado el inciso anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 9655 del 4 de febrero del 2019) (Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 1903 del 13 de julio de 1955)

Deberes de los maestros

1º.- Dar cumplimiento a las leyes y reglamentos escolares, así como a toda otra disposición emanada de autoridad competente en el ramo, siempre que ella no maltrate el decoro del maestro, ni contraríe disposiciones de la ley.

2º.- Permanecer en su puesto durante todo el curso lectivo y no separarse de él sin haber llenado todos los requisitos que se exigen para la clausura.

3º.- Dirigir personalmente la educación e instrucción de los niños que estén a su cargo, atendiendo con igual solicitud a todos, sin perder ocasión de inculcarles los preceptos de la moral y de inspirarles el sentimiento del deber, el amor a la Patria, el respeto a las instituciones nacionales y a las libertades públicas.

4º.- Asistir puntualmente a su clase, así como a las conferencias y demás actos para los cuales sean convocados por su jefe.

5º.- Cuidar de que el edificio, muebles y útiles de la escuela se conserven en buen estado y dar cuenta a quien corresponda de cualquier daño que ocasione en ellos.

6º.- Llevar con esmero y en debida forma los libros y registros reglamentarios.

7º.- Avisar a su jefe en caso de ausencia y justificar la falta este aviso se dará anticipadamente, cuando fuere posible.

8º.- Informar oportunamente a las familias acerca de las ausencias de los alumnos y de las calificaciones obtenidas por los mismos.

9º.- Vigilar con entera solicitud la moral y el buen comportamiento de los alumnos, tanto fuera como dentro del establecimiento.

10.-Cumplimentar todas las órdenes que reciban sobre servicio sanitario escolar.

11.-Contribuir al fondo de pensiones para los maestros o al fondo de seguros sociales, según corresponda.

12.-Presentarse en la escuela diez minutos antes de la hora señalada y entrar y permanecer en ella hasta la terminación de las tareas diarias.

13.-Aprovechar todos los momentos propicios para estudiar mejor el carácter de índole de niños cuya educación les está confiada.

14.-Permanecer, así los directores como los maestros, en su puesto hasta quince días después de haber presentado su renuncia, salvo el caso de que les sea aceptada antes o de que comprueben encontrarse absolutamente imposibilitados para continuar en el ejercicio de sus funciones docentes.

1º.- Inmiscuirse en asuntos privados o públicos que violen la neutralidad de la enseñanza, o que comprometan la armonía que debe existir dentro de la escuela y entre ésta y la sociedad.

2º.- Ejercer dentro de la escuela o fuera de ella cualquier oficio, profesión o comercio que lo inhabilite para cumplir con toda puntualidad las obligaciones del Magisterio o que menoscaben su dignidad.

3º.- Imponer a los alumnos otros castigos que los que autorizan las leyes o reglamentos.

4º.- Levantar o proponer, sin orden o autorización superior, suscripciones entre los alumnos o incitarlos a firmar peticiones o declaraciones de cualquier naturaleza.

5º.- Concurrir en cuerpo con los alumnos, o inducirlos a que ellos concurran, a fiestas no autorizadas por las leyes o por autoridad competente en el ramo.

6º.- Dirigir ataque contra las creencias religiosas de sus discípulos o de las familias de éstos.

1º.- A cuidar constante y directamente del orden, disciplina y moralidad de la enseñanza, y a ejercer activa vigilancia sobre los maestros, alumnos o empleados inferiores a fin de que todos cumplan exactamente sus obligaciones.

2º.- A dirigir las enseñanza, visitar las diversas clases con la frecuencia posible; observar atentamente las lecciones y la condición de los muebles y útiles; interrogar y hacer interrogar a los alumnos cuando y conforme lo crea del caso y dar las lecciones que juzgue necesarias para aclarar e ilustrar las indicaciones que sobre métodos y procedimientos hagan los maestros, encaminadas a alcanzar buen éxito en las tareas lectivas.

3º.- A reunir frecuentemente en conferencia a los maestros de su escuela con el objeto de hacer la crítica del trabajo, de cambiar ideas sobre la marcha del establecimiento y de tratar puntos que interesen a la cultura de los maestros y al progreso de la escuela. En un libro especial se sentará acta de cada una de estas conferencias, el cual será examinado y visado oportunamente por el Visitador.

4º.- A llegar a la escuela cuando menos, quince minutos antes del tiempo fijado para comenzar las lecciones y permanecer en ella hasta que terminen las tareas del día escolar, salvo el caso de que sea llamado por el superior o por absoluta necesidad comprobada ante el Visitador respectivo.

5º.- A pasar cada sábado a la Junta de Educación la lista de ausencias inmotivadas.

6º.- A expedir los informes y suministrar los datos que le sean pedidos por autoridad competente.

7º.- A llevar la correspondencia de la escuela y los libros de talonarios de matrícula, inventarios, visitas, etc.

8º.- A llevar asimismo un libro diario en que anotará con toda exactitud, pero concisamente, las ausencias de los maestros, las visitas que haga a cada clase y las que reciba de las autoridades escolares, las lecciones que dé y todo hecho o suceso que merezca mencionarse en esta crónica de la escuela.

9º.- A reemplazar o hacer reemplazar en debida forma a los maestros ausentes, para lo cual procederá de acuerdo con el Visitador, siempre que éste pueda ser consultado.

10.-A dar inmediata cuenta al Inspector de las ausencias justificadas o injustificadas en que incurran los maestros.

11.-A autorizar con su firma todos los documentos que expida la escuela en las pruebas de fin de curso.

12.-A dar aviso a la Junta de Educación de los daños ocasionados por los niños, para que ella exija a quien corresponda el pago de su valor.

13.-A remitir en su oportunidad a la Inspección respectiva la lista de servicio y la planilla mensual de estadística.

14.-A mantener en perfecto orden y debidamente catalogados la biblioteca y el archivo de la escuela y a dejar conocimiento de toda obra o expediente que de ellos salga, firmado por la persona que lo reciba.

15.-A no admitir oyentes ni otros niños que no reúnan las condiciones necesarias para ingresar a la escuela.

16.-A velar por que se cumpla la disposición de la ley respecto de la vacuna, informando a las autoridades sanitarias escolares del número de niños que no estuvieren vacunados.

17.-A solicitar por órgano correspondiente, las medidas que considere necesarias para la buena marcha y mejora del establecimiento.

Derechos de los maestros

Estarán exentos de todo servicio militar y de policía, salvo el caso de guerra exterior, y tendrá derecho al goce de las pensiones que establecen los artículos 166 y siguientes de este Código, o a las que correspondan conforme a las disposiciones sobre Seguro Social según proceda.

1º.- Por deformidad física que incapacite para el mantenimiento del respeto y la disciplina.

2º.- Por incapacidad puesta en evidencia en virtud de hechos contrarios al buen gobierno escolar.

3º.- Por enfermedad de cualquier naturaleza, que ponga en peligro la salud de los niños e imposibilite al maestro de manera notoria para el ejercicio del Magisterio, y que sea declarado incurable o crónica por el Médico Escolar o por dos facultativos, en su defecto.

4º.- Por atrofia o debilitamiento notorio de las facultades mentales, atraso inexcusable en su ciencia o arte profesional, debidamente comprobado.

5º.- Por incapacidad para mantener el orden y la disciplina valiéndose de los medios reglamentarios.

6º.- Por abandono injustificado en sus tareas.

7º.- Por conducta delictuosa legalmente comprobada.

Licencias

Los maestros y demás empleados de una escuela presentarán la solicitud al director, quien la elevará inmediatamente al Inspector con el informe del caso.

Por más tiempo, corresponde la concesión a la Secretaría del ramo; pero las solicitudes deberán presentarse al Inspector, quien las elevará al superior.

En casos excepcionales puede autorizarse una prórroga de este beneficio hasta por dos trimestres más si el maestro enfermo demostrare su incapacidad para trabajar, con el testimonio del médico oficial y de un médico de la Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social.

Cuando el maestro o profesor haya sido internado en instituciones oficialmente reconocidas para el tratamiento de enfermedades mentales, tuberculosis, lepra, cáncer o poliomielitis, se girará un auxilio igual a la totalidad de su sueldo. En los casos de enfermedades mentales, tuberculosis y lepra, este auxilio se otorgará durante el tiempo que el enfermo deba permanecer asilado, o en tratamiento ordenado por el Jefe de la respectiva institución, pero deberá renovarse la solicitud del mismo cada seis meses. Y en los casos de cáncer, poliomielitis, secuelas de accidentes vasculares y cerebrales, insuficiencia cardiaca crónica, secuelas post-encefalíticas y post-meningíticas y toda enfermedad que implique incapacidad total, se dará por el término que dure su tratamiento, debiendo revalidarse la solicitud de auxilio cada seis meses. Sin embargo, cuando el enfermo esté asegurado por el régimen de invalidez, vejes y muerte de la Caja Costarricense de Seguros Social, el auxilio será solamente por la suma que, agregada al subsidio que por ley debe otorgarle la Caja, complete el sueldo total. subsidio que, por ley debe otorgarle la Caja, complete el sueldo total.

(Así reformado el párrafo anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2582 del 17 de junio de 1960) (Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 1944 de 3 de octubre de 1955)

Faltas de asistencia y de puntualidad

1º.- Enfermedad personal o de algún pariente en primer grado.

2º.- Fuerza mayor.

3º.- Duelo por muerte de un pariente dentro del tercer grado de consanguinidad o segundo de afinidad o nacimiento de un hijo.

Si con posterioridad al tercer mes del curso lectivo dichas maestras se vieren obligadas a acogerse a este artículo, se considerarán separadas de su destino por el resto del curso. Durante los meses lectivos posteriores al período dicho en el aparte anterior, gozarán solamente de la mitad de su sueldo.

1º.- Los certificados expedidos por el Médico del Pueblo o por el Médico Escolar, en su caso. En ellos deberá expresarse si es absolutamente indispensable o no, la separación del maestro para atender a su curación; y en caso afirmativo, el tiempo durante el cual deba estar separado de sus funciones.

2º.- Los expendidos por las autoridades de policía, las judiciales o las militares, en caso de fuerza mayor y de enfermedad ocurrida en los lugares en donde no haya médico.

3º.- Las constancias del Registro Civil, o la notoriedad del hecho, a juicio de las autoridades escolares, en los casos de duelo de familia, cambio de residencia o nacimiento de hijos.

4º.- Los certificados expedidos por los directores de escuela en caso de ausencia que no pase de cuatro días.

se hubiere hecho efectivo el descuento; pasado ese término, no será admitida.

Penas y procedimientos

Las primeras se castigarán con censura, malas notas o privación de sueldo; y las segundas, con suspensión temporal de quince días a seis meses, destitución, o separación definitiva.

1º.- El abandono del empleo.

2º.- La infracción de los preceptos primordiales de la ley o del Reglamento, cuando sea dolosa.

3º.- La negligencia u omisión reiteradas e inexcusables en el cumplimiento de los deberes de su cargo.

4º.- La desobediencia voluntaria y manifiesta y el desacato a los superiores jerárquicos.

5º.- Las falsedades e inexactitudes repetidas en los datos consignados en los registros, planillas o cualquier otro documento oficial.

6º.- La embriaguez y cualquier otro acto contrario a la moral y a las buenas costumbres.

7º.- La contravención a lo dispuesto en el inciso 1) del artículo 122.

8º.- La venta fraudulenta del sueldo.

Cuando se trate de sentar responsabilidades por actos cometidos por un profesor de segunda enseñanza, la Secretaría de Educación Pública nombrará un instructor en cada caso.

(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 48 del 15 de febrero de 1945)

El Inspector que sustancie el expediente, practicará cuantas diligencias sean necesarias, en un período que no exceda de un mes.

El fallo, en todo caso, deberá ser razonado.

1ª.-Censura; 2ª.-Malas notas en su expediente personal; 3ª.-Suspensión de parte del sueldo; 4ª.-Suspensión del destino de quince días a seis meses, según la gravedad del caso.

5ª.-Destitución; 6ª.-Para faltas muy graves o reincidencia de faltas graves, separación definitiva del Magisterio y eliminación del Escalafón General de Maestros. Corresponde a los Inspectores de Escuela imponer las penas de los incisos 1º a 3º; al Jefe Administrativo de Educación Primaria, la del inciso 4º y al Secretario de Educación Pública las de los incisos 5º y 6º. La pena de destitución implica la separación de la docencia durante un período no menor de dos años, al final de los cuales puede la Secretaría de Educación rehabilitar al maestro, previos los informes que considere convenientes. Será aplicada esta pena, fuera de otros casos, a los maestros que adquieran los hábitos de embriaguez o de juego prohibido. La pena de separación del Magisterio implica la privación de todos los derechos y de todas las ventajas que el maestro hubiere adquirido en virtud de su diploma, inclusive la de obtener pensión.

El Secretario hará constar también en el expediente, todas las diligencias de citación y notificación que durante su curso se hagan, y no se tomará ninguna declaración sin que previamente presten juramento o afirmación de decir verdad los declarantes.

Jubilaciones y Pensiones

La jubilación puede ser ordinaria o extraordinaria.

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

• a)Los que hayan prestado por lo menos treinta años de servicios y tengan por lo menos cincuenta de edad; b) Los que, estando en el ejercicio de su profesión, no hayan alcanzado el término de treinta años de trabajo, pero sí el de sesenta de edad; c) Los que hayan prestado treinta años de servicio en zonas que la Secretaría de Educación Pública haya declarado insalubres, aunque no tengan cincuenta años de edad, o los que, con más de cincuenta de edad, hayan servido en esas regiones por lo menos diez años y tengan veinticinco de servicio.

(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 48 de 15 de febrero de 1945) (Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

Para merecer una pensión extraordinaria es indispensable la presentación de un dictamen uniforme de tres médicos, nombrados por la Junta Administrativa del Fondo de Jubilaciones y Pensiones.

El solicitante deberá depositar en la Secretaría de la Junta, previamente, la suma necesaria para pagar los honorarios de esos médicos.

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

Se considerará que tenían derecho a jubilación, para los efectos del artículo 179, los funcionarios que fallezcan en el ejercicio de su profesión, después de quince años de servicio.

(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 1647 de 29 de setiembre de 1953) (Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

Cuando deban tomarse en cuenta también los servicios prestados, de acuerdo con los artículos 116 y 283 de este Código, dentro del total referido, los sueldos correspondientes a los mismos se fijarán, para efectos de liquidar al jubilación, en el monto devengado por el educador o funcionario en el año inmediato anterior a sus nuevas funciones, salvo que ese monto fuese inferior al sueldo que le correspondería conforme a su categoría y grupo, caso en el cual regirá éste.

Para todos los efectos de jubilación o pensión, el año natural servido en funciones administrativas no podrá contarse por más de un año de servicio.

Las pensiones o jubilaciones que no se ajusten actualmente a las reglas de este artículo, podrán ser revisadas por la Junta respectiva, a solicitud de interesado, para ser adaptadas en lo sucesivo a las reglas citadas.

(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 1647 de 29 de setiembre de 1953) (Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 1249 de 20 de diciembre de 1950) (Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

• a)Aquéllos en que la labor del funcionario no haya sido calificada como Excelente, Buena o por lo menos Aceptable; b) Aquéllos durante los cuales se haya impuesto al maestro o profesor la pena de suspensión del destino por más de un mes. Sumado el tiempo de servicio, las fracciones de años que resulten se computarán por años enteros si alcanzaren a seis meses y no se apreciarán si fueren menores; el monto de la jubilación será una suma completa de colones, contándose por un colón toda fracción de cincuenta o más céntimos.

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

En caso contrario, se tendrá por caduca al cumplirse los doce meses de otorgada. Para el efecto de la confirmación, el interesado deberá hacer de nuevo el depósito al cual se refiere el artículo 168.

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

1º.- A la viuda en concurrencia con los hijos; 2º.- A los hijos solamente; 3º.- A la viuda en concurrencia con los padres; 4º.- A la viuda; y 5º.- A los padres.

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

(Así reformado por la Ley Nº 683 de 23 de agosto de 1946) (Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

(Así reformado el párrafo anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 1968 de 25 de octubre de 1955) Cuando un funcionario de educación primaria pasare a prestar servicios a un colegio oficial de educación secundaria, normal o profesional, o viceversa, los años de servicio se sumarán indistintamente y el monto de la jubilación o pensión será el total de los promedios de los sueldos devengados en los distintos centros educativos en donde haya servido.

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

• a)Para la viuda, desde que contrajere nuevas nupcias; b) Para los hijos, sea cual fuere su sexo, desde que llegaren a la edad de dieciocho años, salvo el caso de invalidez o de su condición de estudiantes. Para estos últimos el goce de la pensión se extenderá hasta los veinticuatro años:
• c)Para las hijas solteras desde que contrajeren matrimonio, y d) Para aquellos que, previa información pedida por la Junta, resultaren no observar buena conducta.

(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 48 de 15 de febrero de 1945) (Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

1º.- Con el descuento del cinco por ciento (5 %) sobre los sueldos de los funcionarios de educación primaria, estén en servicio o pensionados; 2º.- Con veinticinco céntimos de colón (¢ 0.25) por cada boleta como recargo del impuesto de destace correspondiente a Educación Pública; 3º.- Con el noventa por ciento (90 %) de lo que corresponde al fondo escolar de pensiones, según la ley de 31 de mayo de 1911; 4º.- Con el impuesto especial de veinticinco céntimos de colón (¢0.25) por cada cerdo que se destace en la República; 5º.- Con el cincuenta por ciento (50 %) de los derechos fiscales sobre inscripciones que se hagan en el Registro de la Propiedad Intelectual; 6º.- Con el producto de las deducciones hechas en lo sueldos de los funcionarios de educación primaria por faltas de asistencia o de puntualidad; 7º.- Con las donaciones o legados que se hagan para ese objeto; y 8º.- Con el ochenta por ciento (80 %) de las multas por fabricación o depósito de licores clandestinos, deducidos los gastos de aprehensión.

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

• a)Un representante de la Junta Calificadora del Personal Docente; b) Un representante de la Educación Primaria; c) Un representante de la Educación Secundaria, y ch) Un representante de los Maestros y Profesores Pensionados.

(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 48 de 15 de febrero de 1945) (Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

Son también inembargables las jubilaciones y pensiones que aquí quedan establecidas.

(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley Nº 48 de 15 de febrero de 1945) (Este artículo fue anulado parcialmente por Resolución de la Sala Constitucional Nº 2352-95 de las 16:48 horas del día 10/05/1995.

Nota: El texto anulado indicaba lo siguiente:

"de cada giro o pensión se deducirá mensualmente la suma que haya determinado la asamblea general de la asociación de profesores y maestros jubilados o pensionados por el voto no menor de dos tercios de sus miembros, y el producto será entregado al tesorero de la directiva para lo que disponen los estatutos de la referida institución")

(Nota de Sinalevi: Véase el artículo 28 de Ley de Pensiones y Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional, Nº 2248 de 5 de setiembre de 1958, el cual ordena derogar en cuanto se opongan a dicha ley, todas las disposiciones que sobre pensiones del Magisterio contiene el Código de Educación)

Servicio de porteros

Ingreso al servicio

El expediente se iniciará a solicitud del interesado, con los siguientes documentos:

• a)Certificación del Registro del Estado Civil que demuestre que el interesado es mayor de 18 años y menor de 30; b) Certificación de que el solicitante no está inscrito en el Registro de Delincuentes, y de que goza de buena reputación en su vecindario, expedida esta última por el Presidente de la respectiva Junta de Educación; c) Carnet de salud, expedido por la Secretaría de Salubridad Pública que demuestre que el interesado no tiene defectos físicos ni padece de enfermedad que le impida el desempeño de sus funciones; y d) Certificación o constancia de que el petente cursó por lo menos hasta el tercer grado inclusive de la escuela primaria.

Categoría

Primera categoría: los que tienen más de seis años de servicios calificados con la nota de Bueno o Muy Bueno.

Segunda categoría: los que tienen más de tres años de servicios calificados de esa manera; Tercera categoría: los que no reúnen esos requisitos.

La asignación de la categoría que corresponde a cada portero y toda variación relacionada con ella, será hecha por la Junta Calificadora del Personal Docente a solicitud del interesado y con base en las hojas de servicio que figuren en el expediente respectivo.

1ª) Será calificada con la nota de Muy Bueno la labor del portero que ha desempeñado a entera satisfacción del superior las obligaciones de su cargo, por su puntualidad, asistencia constante, buena presencia, forma en que ha atendido sus órdenes, disposición que ha manifestado hacia los maestros y los alumnos, diligencia que ha tenido en el aseo y arreglo del edificio escolar y sus dependencias orden y cuidado con que ha manejado los enseres y materiales de la escuela, etcétera; 2ª) Será calificada de Buena la labor del portero que se ha limitado a cumplir con las obligaciones reglamentarias, sin mostrar especial empeño por servir los intereses de la escuela y de los escolares; y 3ª) Merecerá la calificación de Deficiente, la labor del portero que omita o descuida el cumplimiento de sus deberes con frecuencia y de manera inexcusable.

Hoja de servicios

La hoja de servicios contendrá los siguientes datos:

1º.- Número y fecha del acuerdo de nombramiento; 2º.- Tiempo servido durante el año; 3º.- Puntualidad en la asistencia; 4º.- Otros aspectos de su labor; 5º.- Licencias y sus motivos; 6º.- Calidad de servicios; 7º.- Estímulos; y 8º.- Censuras.

Nombramientos y dotaciones

(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2858 del 14 de noviembre de 1961) Transitorio.-No obstante lo dispuesto en el artículo 1º de esta ley, durante los años 1962, 1963, 1964 y 1965, los sueldos de los Porteros de Escuelas Primarias se regirán conforme a las siguientes escalas:

Año Sueldo 1962 ................... ¢ 283.50 1963 ................... 308.50 1964 ................... 323.50 1965 ................... 358.50 Los anteriores aumentos se otorgarán sin perjuicio de que los citados servidores públicos puedan disfrutar del subsidio familiar que les concede el Estatuto de Servicio Civil y hasta tanto no sean clasificados sus puestos y asignados a la Escala de Sueldos de la Ley de Salarios de la Administración Pública.

(Así adicionado el Transitorio anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 3208 del 10 de octubre de 1963)

Deberes y prohibiciones

(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 5627 de 6 de diciembre de 1974)

1º) Auxiliarse en sus labores de aseo con los escolares; 2º) Inmiscuirse en asuntos privados de los maestros o de los escolares en forma que pueda comprometer la armonía que debe reinar entre los elementos del Personal Docente y entre éstos y los alumnos o sus familiares; y 3º) Dedicarse a otras labores que les impidan cumplir con eficiencia los deberes de su cargo.

Derechos

Se considera que ha perdido sus aptitudes físicas el portero que contraiga enfermedad de cualquier naturaleza que ponga en peligro la salud de los niños, o que se incapacite en cualquier forma para el cumplimiento de sus obligaciones.

Licencias, faltas, penas y jubilaciones

Los conserjes gozarán del mismo período de vacaciones estipulado por las leyes respectivas, para el personal docente administrativo que labore en las instituciones educativas del país. No obstante lo anterior, los conserjes que laboran para las instituciones educativas oficiales del país, que imparten la Educación General Básica en primero y segundo ciclos gozarán del mismo período de vacaciones estipulado por las leyes respectivas para el personal docente que labora en las instituciones educativas del país, excepto en cuanto a las labores inherentes a la apertura y cierre del curso lectivo.

El Poder Ejecutivo reglamentará esta labores para un mejor servicio de dichas instituciones.

(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 5627 de 6 de diciembre de 1974)

Del régimen de la enseñanza a) Disposiciones generales

La asistencia a las clases de Religión se considerará obligatoria para todos los niños cuyos padres no soliciten por escrito al Director de la escuela que se les exima de recibir esa enseñanza.

Los Directores comunicarán a los respectivos Visitadores o Inspectores la lista de esas solicitudes y las archivarán en debida forma.

En las escuelas en que no hubiere maestro especial de Religión, y en las de Tercer Orden en que no haya maestro especial de Educación Física, corresponderá a los maestros de clase impartir esas enseñanzas, sin que tengan por ese motivo derecho a aumento de sueldo.

(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 48 de 15 de febrero de 1945)

Con ese propósito, en las escuelas que carezcan de personal bastante para mantener simultáneamente los cuatro grados, se establecerá el sistema rotativo de enseñanza, en la siguiente forma: en los años impares, se dará primero y tercer grado, y en los pares, segundo y cuarto.

En casos de necesidad bien comprobada la Secretaría de Educación Pública podrá variar, para determinada región.

(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 48 de 15 de febrero de 1945)

El período de clases será de treinta y cinco minutos. Dichos períodos estarán siempre separados entre sí por recreos que nunca serán menores de diez minutos.

Este registro lo llevará la Junta y extracto del mismo se pasará al maestro respectivo.

Los días de retardo se reputarán por faltas de asistencia del alumno para los efectos penales.

El trabajo se hará por la Oficina de Estadística, bajo la dirección del Jefe Técnico de Educación Primaria.

1ª.- Enfermedad del niño; 2ª.- Enfermedad grave o muerte de algún miembro de la familia; 3ª.- Dificultad accidental de comunicases; y 4ª.- Cualquiera otra causa de la gravedad de las precedentes. Las licencias que se concedan no excederán en cada curso de treinta días.

Si después de aplicada la corrección anterior se incurriere en reincidencia, la multa será de cincuenta céntimos por cada falta, pero el total no pasará nunca de cinco colones, aunque las faltas sea más de diez.

En caso de nueva reincidencia, la multa será de un colón por cada falta, sin que pueda pasarse del límite de veinticinco colones.

Para la comparecencia de las personas cuyo testimonio solicite el responsable dentro de las setenta y dos horas, prestará la autoridad todos los auxilios de que disponga. Las pruebas inoficiosas encaminadas a entorpecer el procedimiento, pueden ser desechadas desde luego.

Si el padre, tutor o encargado no compareciere al llamamiento de la autoridad, se dictará el fallo que corresponda, el cual no se anulará sino en el caso de que el reo compruebe impedimento de fuerza mayor.

De lo obrado se levantará una acta en que lacónicamente se exprese todo lo ocurrido: extracto de ella se remitirá al Inspector Provincial de Escuelas, para que toma las notas correspondientes en un registro que ha de llevar.

No habrá día ni hora incompetente para tales diligencias. Si la persona que tratare de citarse no se hallare en su casa, se entenderá la diligencia con la esposa, hijos, criados o dependientes.

La declaración de pérdida de la potestad sólo puede hacerla el Gobernador de la Provincia, previo De la sentencia que recaiga habrá apelación, y en defecto de ésta, consulta para ante la Secretaría de Educación Pública.

La apelación contra la providencia que se dicte, habrá de interponerse el día de la notificación, o en uno de los dos siguientes.

• b)De los edificios y enseres escolares

Oído el parecer de la Junta de Educación, la Jefatura Técnica de Educación fijará el lugar en donde se han de levantar los edificios.

La capacidad será de cinco metros cúbicos por alumno.

Las dimensiones, distribución interior y forma exterior de los edificios han de sujetarse estrictamente al plano e instrucciones que dé el arquitecto escolar asesorado por el Jefe Técnico de Educación Primaria.

En defecto de un arquitecto escolar, hará sus funciones el Director General de Obras Públicas.

(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 48 de 15 de febrero de 1945)

Es libre de todo derecho aduanero la importación de toda clase de materiales que pidan las Juntas para la construcción de edificios de escuela y para proveer a las mismas del mueblaje y enseres correspondientes. Es igualmente libre de derechos la importación de libros de texto y todo material escolar que se pida por las Juntas de Educación para el servicio de las escuelas de su distrito.

La Secretaría de Educación Pública con vista de todos los antecedentes del caso, dará el pase al pedido.

• c)Expropiaciones

• d)Servicio Médico Escolar

Dicha certificación será librada gratuitamente por el Departamento de Epidemiología o por los Médicos Oficiales.

El certificado será renovado anualmente, en los meses de enero y febrero y enviado a la Secretaría de la Junta Calificadora del Personal Docente, a la Junta de Directores de Segunda Enseñanza o al Consejo Universitario.

Las mismas oficinas o la Secretaría de Salubridad pueden pedir la renovación del certificado en cualquier momento, si hubiere motivo racional para sospechar de mala salud.

Ningún maestro o profesor podrá ser llamado al servicio si carece de dicha certificación.

Las disposiciones de este Capítulo son también aplicables a los alumnos y profesores de las Escuelas Universitarias.

El desayuno escolar gratuito estará sobre todo integrado con los productos nacionales más convenientes a la salud y a la higiene de los escolares. Se dedicará especial atención a aquellos alimentos proteicos que se produzcan o puedan producirse con facilidad en el país y que no sean consumidos por desconocimiento del pueblo respecto de su verdadero valor nutritivo.

El Departamento Sanitario Escolar distribuirá calzado a los escolares a precio de costo y aún gratuitamente a los niños cuyos padres no están en condiciones de adquirirlos de su propio peculio.

• e)Otros centros educacionales

en donde s encuentren reunidos de ordinario cuarenta o más alumnos ineducados, y escuelas ambulantes en las regiones en donde no se hubieren establecido escuelas comunes por la diseminación de sus habitantes.

De las escuelas particulares de educación primaria

Igualmente los cursos realizados en las escuelas oficiales.

El Inspector de Escuelas y Colegios Particulares, por sí o por medio de sus auxiliares o por medio de comisión dada a un Director de una escuela oficial, podrá constatar en cualquier tiempo y en toda forma la preparación de los alumnos de las mencionadas escuelas.

Transitorio.- Quedan canceladas todas las licencias concedidas y los reconocimientos de estudios otorgados a los establecimientos de educación primaria existentes, los cuales deberán solicitar de nuevo la autorización para su funcionamiento y el reconocimiento de estudios, si así lo desean.

(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 48 de 15 de febrero de 1945)

De la Inspección de Escuelas Particulares de Educación Primaria

Los directores de escuelas particulares están obligados a dar a las autoridades escolares los informes que les pidan sobre los puntos sujetos a la vigilancia oficial, y a llevar los libros escolares exigidos.

De la enseñanza en el hogar

LIBRO II De la Educación Secundaria

De los Colegios Oficiales de Segunda Enseñanza

El lapso intermedio entre estas dos fechas se tendrá como vacaciones, excepto en cuanto a las labores necesarias para apertura y cierre del curso y aseo y cuidado del edificio, que queda a cargo del personal administrativo. Cuando por causa imprevista el curso se interrumpiere, el Ministerio de Educación Pública puede reducir las vacaciones hasta en un mes. Los colegios tendrán también dos semanas de descanso en el mes de julio.

(Así reformado por el artículo 2° de la ley N° 1927 del 20 de setiembre de 1955)

Este plan de estudios deberá ser revisado periódicamente con objeto de asegurar la integración de conocimientos básicos en las distintas asignaturas, quedando facultado el Consejo para acordar las modificaciones que crea pertinentes.

(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 1927 del 20 de setiembre de 1955) (Así reformado este artículo de acuerdo con la anulación parcial ordenada por resolución de la Sala Constitucional N° 3568 del 25 de junio de 1997)

(Así reformado por el artículo 2° de la ley N° 1927 del 20 de setiembre de 1955)

Director

Junta de Directores de Segunda Enseñanza

Profesores

Los Profesores Titulados se dividen en dos grupos y cada grupo en tres categorías. Forman el grupo A los Profesores que tienen títulos de Licenciados expedidos por las Facultades de Ciencias, de Filosofía y Letras, de Bellas Artes, todas de la Universidad Nacional; los Profesores de Estado graduados en instituciones extranjeras equivalentes a las Facultades referidas; los Profesores con títulos expedidos por la Junta de Directores de Enseñanza Secundaria y Normal, y los Profesores con título de las otras Facultades de la Universidad Nacional y que, a la vez, sean Profesores o Maestros Normales. Forman el grupo B, los Profesores con título de Maestros o Profesores Normales; los egresados sin título de las Facultades de Ciencias, Letras y Filosofía; los egresados con título de las otras Facultades de la Universidad Nacional y los médicos con título reconocido en el país; los egresados con certificado de conclusión de estudios de la Escuela de Bellas Artes y el Conservatorio Nacional de Música, las educadoras para la vida del hogar que egresen de la Escuela Profesional Femenina, los Sacerdotes que enseñen la asignatura de religión y los Profesores de idiomas extranjeros que hayan recibido certificado o título de conclusión de estudios de la Escuela de Perfeccionamiento Docente y de aquellas instituciones autorizadas o que se autoricen al efecto por leyes especiales.

Forman, además, el grupo de Aspirantes, los que no reúnan ninguna de las condiciones indicadas en los grupos anteriores.

Dentro de cada uno de los dos primeros grupos se considera que pertenecen a la primera categoría los profesores que han prestado servicios decentes durante un lapso no menor de seis años; pertenecen a la segunda categoría los tienen tres años cumplidos de servicios.

(Así reformado el párrafo anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2399 del 23 de julio de 1959)

Aquellos profesores que a la fecha de entrar en vigencia esta ley hayan cumplido tres o seis años de servicios docentes tendrán el derecho a su respectivo ascenso de categoría.

Los profesores de los Colegios Vocacionales se clasificarán en dos grupos: Profesores Académicos y Profesores de Taller. Los primeros, son los encargados de impartir las materias de cultura general; los segundos, el desarrollo de las actividades en los talleres y demás instalaciones del plantel.

(Así adicionado el párrafo anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2944 del 5 de diciembre de 1961) Los profesores académicos y profesores de taller de los Colegios Vocacionales además de dar cumplimiento a sus funciones docentes serán colaboradores inmediatos del Director en lo referente a la conservación del equipo, orden, disciplina y normas a que los alumnos debe ceñir su conducta para cumplir satisfactoriamente sus deberes.

(Así adicionado el párrafo anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2944 del 5 de diciembre de 1961) Corresponde a los profesores académicos cumplir con los deberes y ejercer las atribuciones que al efecto señale la ley correspondiente para los profesores de Segunda Enseñanza.

(Así adicionado el párrafo anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2944 del 5 de diciembre de 1961) (*)Para ser nombrado Profesor de Taller se requiere:

• a)Ser mayor de 21 años de edad, salvo en los casos de que estudios y títulos justifiquen una edad menor; b) Contar por lo menos con seis años consecutivos de experiencia industrial como operario de su especialidad; c) Competencia comprobada mediante exámenes de conocimientos generales, tecnológicos y prácticos; d) Condiciones físicas y morales, necesarias a las funciones que desempeñe.

(*) (Así adicionado el párrafo anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2944 del 5 de diciembre de 1961) Los Profesores de Taller se clasificarán en Profesores de Taller titulados y Profesores de Taller aspirantes.

(Así adicionado el párrafo anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2944 del 5 de diciembre de 1961) Los profesores de taller titulados se dividen en 3 grupos y cada grupo en 3 categorías.

(Así adicionado el párrafo anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2944 del 5 de diciembre de 1961) Forman el grupo "A" los Profesores de taller que tienen Título expedido por un Instituto Normal Vocacional con base de Bachillerato cuyo plan de Estudio sea de nivel Universitario y que abarque no menos de 3 años y los graduados de Instituciones extranjeras equivalentes.

(Así adicionado el párrafo anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2944 del 5 de diciembre de 1961) Forman el grupo "B" los graduados de las Escuelas Normales, reconocidas con base de Bachillerato y por la Escuela de Educación de la Universidad de Costa Rica.

(Así adicionado el párrafo anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2944 del 5 de diciembre de 1961) Forman el grupo "C" los graduados de los Colegios Vocacionales cuyo plan de estudios no sea menor de cinco años, los que posean el título de Bachiller, y los profesores en servicio que comprueben haber cursado y aprobado el tercer año de secundaria.

(Así adicionado el párrafo anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2944 del 5 de diciembre de 1961) Los Profesores de Taller aspirantes son aquellos que no reúnan las condiciones señaladas para los grupos A, B y C.

(Así adicionado el párrafo anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2944 del 5 de diciembre de 1961) Sin embargo, quedan asimilados para efectos de sueldo y hasta por 2 años al grupo "B": los Bachilleres que cuenten además con Título otorgado por una Institución Vocacional cuyo Plan de Estudios no sea menor de cinco años.

(Así adicionado el párrafo anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2944 del 5 de diciembre de 1961) Dentro de cada grupo se considera que pertenecen a la primera categoría los Profesores de Taller que han prestado sus servicios durante un lapso no menor de 6 años, a la segunda los que tienen más de 3 años de servicio y no han cumplido los 6 y a la tercera los que no reúnan estas condiciones.

(Así adicionado el párrafo anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2944 del 5 de diciembre de 1961) Mientras tanto no se cree la Escuela Normal Vocacional, los aspirantes deben asistir con puntualidad a los cursos de adiestramiento que ofrecerá el Ministerio de Educación Pública, de acuerdo con los términos del contrato de trabajo respectivo.

(Así adicionado el párrafo anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2944 del 5 de diciembre de 1961) (Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 1249 del 20 de diciembre de 1950) (Nota de Sinalevi: Mediante el artículo 1° de la ley N° 1322 del 18 de julio de 1951, se interpretó este numeral en el sentido de que: "por servicios docentes se han de entender los prestados por el educador indistintamente en la enseñanza pre-escolar, en la primaria, en la secundaria, o en la universitaria")

Una de esas copias se remitirá se a la oficina del Departamento de Personal del Ministerio de Educación Pública, para el y la tercera se entregará al interesado.

(Así reformado por el artículo 2° de la ley N° 3492 de 29 de enero de 1965)

1º.- Nombre y apellidos del interesado.

2º.- Títulos.

3º.- Número y fecha del acuerdo del nombramiento.

4º.- Tiempo servido, empleo que desempeña; número de lecciones por semana, sueldo.

5º.- Puntualidad.

6º.- Licencias y sus motivos.

7º.- Estímulos.

8º.- Censuras.

9º.- Observaciones.

(Así reformado el párrafo anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 3427 del 13 de octubre de 1964) PROFESORES DE ENSEÑANZA MEDIA, SUPERIOR Y ESPECIAL (Sueldos Mensuales por lección Semanal)

SOBRESUELDOS a) Los profesores encargados de la dirección de un institución de Enseñanza Media, Superior o Especial, devengarán el sueldo equivalente a cuarenta (40) lecciones de su categoría y grupo , más un sobresueldo de acuerdo con la siguiente escala:

Para la aplicación de esta escala se tomará en cuenta la matrícula media del año lectivo anterior. En los casos de instituciones nuevas, se tomará la matrícula inicial.

(Así reformado el inciso a) anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 3427 del 13 de octubre de 1964) b) Los maestros o profesores que desempeñen los cargos de Secretarios, Inspectores, Profesores Guías y Bibliotecarios, de los Colegios diurnos, tendrán derecho a su sueldo de categoría y grupo calculado en la base de treinta lecciones semanales, de acuerdo con la regla del inciso i) del artículo 118 de este Código; c) Los secretarios de colegios nocturnos con una matrícula de 500 o más alumnos devengarán un sueldo equivalente a 24 lecciones de su sueldo de categoría; Los secretarios de colegios nocturnos con una matrícula menor de 500 alumnos, devengarán un sueldo equivalente a 16 lecciones de su sueldo de categoría.

Los inspectores, profesores guías y bibliotecarios de los colegios nocturnos devengarán un sueldo equivalente a 16 lecciones de su sueldo de categoría.

• d)Los sueldos del personal administrativo de las instituciones de segunda enseñanza y normal se ajustarán a la siguiente escala:

• e)Los profesores de segunda enseñanza tienen derecho a los sobresueldos determinados en los incisos g), h) y j) del artículo 118 de este Código.
• f)Los Profesores de Segunda Enseñanza y Normal que desempeñen los cargos de Director, Subdirector, Revisor Inspector y Profesor Corrector en el Instituto de Formación Profesional del Magisterio devengan un sueldo mensual equivalente a treinta (30) lecciones de su categoría y grupo, más los siguientes sobresueldos:

(Así adicionado el inciso f) anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2215 del 5 de setiembre de 1958) g) Los Profesores de Enseñanza Media, Superior y Especial que desempeñen los cargos de Director de Departamento, Asesor General, Supervisor General, Jefe de Sección, Asesor Especial u Orientador de la Sección de Orientación en las Oficinas Centrales del Ministerio de Educación, que no estén valorados en el Servicio Civil, devengarán un sueldo mensual equivalente a cuarenta (40) lecciones de su categoría y grupo más el sobresueldo que se indica a continuación:

(Así adicionado el inciso g)) anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 2215 del 5 de setiembre de 1958) (Así reformado el inciso g) anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 3427 del 13 de octubre de 1964) PROFESORES DE COLEGIOS VOCACIONALES(*) Sueldos mensuales por lección semanal