12-Mile Autonomy for Artisanal Fishing VesselsRequisitos técnicos para autorizar la navegación de embarcaciones de clase

3155 of August 5, 1963 and its amendments, establishes in its Article 2, subsequent and concordant articles, the material competence vested in the Ministry, stipulating in subsection c), the unavoidable obligation to plan, build, improve and maintain deep-sea and coastal ports, inland navigation waterways and terminals, ferry systems and the like; as well as to regulate and control international maritime transport, coastal shipping, and transport via inland navigation waterways.

40803-MOPT, published in Supplement No. 47 to the Official Gazette La Gaceta on March 2, 2018, the Maritime Port Division and its competent dependencies are responsible for ensuring the safety of navigation and the protection of life at sea, through the technical inspection of national vessels, for obtaining the Certificate of Seaworthiness (Certificado de Navegabilidad).

19081-MOPT of April 28, 1989 on the Inspection of National Vessels, the surveys, inspections, or examinations referred to in said regulation, are intended to verify the minimum conditions of preservation of the vessel, safeguard human life at sea, and check the operational status of the equipment and its quantity according to its operating range (autonomía).

19801, in its Article 4, states the following:

It shall comprise a complete inspection of the structure, stability, machinery, structural arrangement, and materials. This survey shall be carried out in such a way as to ensure that the arrangement, materials, and scantlings of the structure, pressure vessels and their accessories, main and auxiliary engines, electrical installations, radio, radiotelegraphic installations, motor lifeboats, portable radio apparatus for survival craft, Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacons (EPIRB), life-saving appliances, fire detection and extinguishing equipment, radar, echo sounders, gyrocompasses, and other equipment and accessories; comply with the provisions issued by the General Directorate of Maritime Transport." (Emphasis not in the original).

19801-MOPT and "other equipment and accessories" that comply with the provisions issued by the Directorate of Navigation and Safety, consideration must be given, among other factors, to the so-called operating range (autonomía), which pursuant to Executive Decree No. 28742-MOPT of June 19, 2000, "Regulations for the Issuance of Departure Clearance (Zarpe) to National Flag Vessels," is understood as "that distance that the vessel can travel from a home port to the next port of refuge as well as the distance that may exist between the vessel and the coast," three types being administratively recognized: up to three nautical miles —recognized in Decree No. 28742—, up to forty nautical miles, and more than forty nautical miles.

10,155, which amends several articles of the Fisheries and Aquaculture Law (No. 8436), the Costa Rican Institute of Fisheries and Aquaculture (Incopesca) is empowered to carry out research in partnership with legally constituted fishermen's organizations, which will allow the collection of data necessary for new small-scale licenses, and further promote, in addition to the development of the fishing sector, the generation of good practices to strengthen the entrepreneurial and organizational capacities of groups of fishermen, aquaculturists, and marine areas of responsible fishing, with the objective of sustainably utilizing the country's fishery resources and their potential to drive economic growth on the coasts ( Ref. https://www.presidencia.go.cr/ comunicados/2022/03/ejecutivo-sanciona-ley-quefacilitara- investigacion-y-formalizacion-de-pescadores/).

That the Maritime Port Division and the Directorate of Navigation and Safety, in accordance with the powers granted by Executive Decree No. 19081-MOPT regarding the determination of the "other equipment and accessories" that national vessels must carry, and in accordance with the unequivocal principles and rules of science or technique, in this case to ensure the protection of human life at sea, consider the provisional authorization viable for a maritime navigation operating range (autonomía) of up to twelve nautical miles within the Costa Rican marine space, by virtue of the limitations, natural impacts, and needs expressed by the small-scale or artisanal fishing sector, which has compelled the State even to generate scientific research processes, determined by Law, without affecting the already recognized current operating ranges (autonomías) of up to Three Nautical miles, up to Forty Nautical Miles, and More than Forty Nautical Miles. Therefore (Por tanto), With legal basis in the Law Creating the MOPT No. 3155 of August 5, 1963, Executive Decree No. 40803-MOPT Organizational and Functional Reform of the Maritime Port Division, and Executive Decree No. 19081-MOPT:

(It is recommended to use the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (RIPA) as a reference).

10. Three distress signals (rocket parachute flares).

11. Bilge pump.

12. Awning/sunshade (toldilla), which may be removable or fixed.

9096, Law to Regulate the Marketing, Storage, and Transport of Fuel in Marine and Fluvial Zones Subject to the Jurisdiction of the Costa Rican State.

"Artículo 4º-Los buques podrán ser objeto de las inspecciones que a continuación se detallan:

4.1 Un reconocimiento inicial antes de que el buque entre en servicio:

Comprenderá una inspección completa de la estructura, estabilidad, maquinaria, disposición estructural y materiales. Esta se realizará de modo que garantice que la disposición, materiales y los escantillones de la estructura, recipientes a presión y sus accesorios, máquinas principales y auxiliares, instalaciones eléctricas, radioeléctricas, radiotelegráficas, los botes salvavidas a motor, los aparatos radioeléctricos portátiles de las embarcaciones de supervivencia, las radiobalizas de localización de siniestros (EPIRB), los dispositivos de salvamento, detección y extinción de incendios, el radar, los ecosondas, los girocompases y demás equipos y accesorios; cumplan las disposiciones emitidas por la Dirección General de Transporte Marítimo." (El destacado no corresponde al original).

Que la División Marítimo Portuaria y la Dirección de Navegación y Seguridad, en apego a las facultades que le otorga el Decreto Ejecutivo N° 19081-MOPT sobre la determinación de los "demás equipos y accesorios" que deben portar las embarcaciones nacionales, y conforme a los principios y reglas unívocas de la ciencia o de la técnica, en el presente caso para velar por la protección de la vida humana en el mar, se considera viable la autorización provisional de una autonomía de navegación marítima de hasta doce millas náuticas dentro del espacio marino costarricense, en virtud de las limitaciones, afectaciones naturales y necesidades expuestas por el sector pesquero de pequeña escala o artesanal, que ha obligado al Estado inclusive a generar procesos de investigación científica, determinado por Ley, sin afectación de las autonomías ya reconocidas vigentes de hasta Tres Millas náuticas, hasta Cuarenta Millas Náuticas y Más de Cuarenta Millas Náuticas. Por tanto, Con asidero legal en la Ley de Creación del MOPT N° 3155 de 5 de agosto de 1963, el Decreto Ejecutivo N° 40803- MOPT Reforma Organizativa y Funcional de la División Marítimo Portuaria, y el Decreto Ejecutivo N° 19081-MOPT:

1. Presentar un extintor de fuego tipo ABC de 2 kg.

2. Un Sistema de Posicionamiento Global portátil (GPS) de uso marino.

3. Un Radio VHF de frecuencia marina.

4. Tabla de Mareas del periodo vigente, la cual podrá ser solicitado en capitanía de puerto por el usuario.

5. Un ancla de peso mínimo de 30 kilogramos, con cuatro metros de cadena y doscientos metros de mecate.

6. Pitoreta fija o de aire comprimido.

7. Binoculares diurnos 7x50 al menos.

8. Luces de Navegación conforme a los estándares internacionales reconocidos (de costado y de fondeo) en caso de pretender realizar navegación nocturna. (Se recomienda utilizar como referencia el Reglamento Internacional para Prevenir Abordajes (RIPA).

9. Al menos un aro salvavidas.

10. Tres señales de socorro (cohetes con paracaídas).

11. Bomba de achique.

12. Toldilla, la cual puede ser removible o fija.