Delimitation of public zone of the Chomes estuary/mangrove, PuntarenasDelimitación de zona pública del estero/manglar Chomes, Puntarenas

8905, the National Geographic Institute, hereinafter IGN, is established as a dependency of the National Registry, which shall sign the contracts and agreements necessary for the exercise of its functions. Likewise, in accordance with Law No. 59, the IGN is the scientific and technical dependency governing national cartography, destined for the execution of the official Basic Map and the basic geographic Description of the Republic of Costa Rica and for studies, investigations or work and the development of national policies of a cartographic, geographic, geodetic, geophysical, and similar nature related to said works, in order to support planning processes.

59 constitutes the IGN permanently and in representation of the State, as the official authority in geodetic matters and the spatial representation of the geography of the Republic of Costa Rica, its authority extending to activities of any order that have their origin in the work entrusted to its charge.

59; article 62 of Executive Decree No. 7841-P called Regulation to the Law on the Maritime Terrestrial Zone recognizes the competence of the IGN for the delimitation of the public zone of the Maritime Terrestrial Zone, and its officialization through publication in the Official Gazette La Gaceta; article 63 of Executive Decree No. 7841-P indicates that the National Geographic Institute must publish a notice in the Official Gazette, for each portion of the maritime- terrestrial zone in which it has demarcated the public zone.

36642-MP-MOPT-MINAET called Regulation of Specifications for the Delimitation of the public zone of the Maritime Terrestrial Zone, it is established according to article 18 that for the delimitation of the public zone of the Maritime Terrestrial Zone, the IGN may resort to two execution methodologies, indicated in articles 19 and 20, corresponding to the delimitation of the public zone of the Maritime Terrestrial Zone through the placement of boundary markers (mojones) and/or georeferenced digital delimitation, this in order to streamline the delimitations and provide greater technical security to interested parties.

33797-MJ-MOPT, which among other aspects determines, the National Geodetic Network of Horizontal Reference CR05, and its associated cartographic projection CRTM05, as the official system to which the coordinates of all geodetic, cartographic, and cadastral works executed in our country must be referenced, specifically indicating in article 11 that: The National Geodetic Network of Horizontal Reference CR05 and the cartographic projection system CRTM05 shall constitute the only official coordinate system for the Republic of Costa Rica from which all surveys and cartographic and geodetic activities carried out in the National Territory by any public dependency, national or foreign person or private entity must be referenced.; while article 7 indicates that As cartographic data are produced in the new CRTM05 cartographic projection system, the National Geographic Institute shall publish by appropriate means that information which has been officialized.

40962-MJP Update of the Official Horizontal Reference Geodetic System for Costa Rica declares in its

For its part, article 12 of the cited decree reinforces the application of the CRTM05 cartographic projection as the official national coordinate system to which they must be referenced in the continental territory of our country, by indicating that The CRSIRGAS horizontal reference system and its associated cartographic projection CRTM05 for the continental territory extended to the baseline of the territorial sea and, the "Universal Transverse Mercator" (UTM) cartographic projection, zones 16 and 17 for the jurisdictional marine and insular areas in the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, shall constitute the only official coordinate system for the Republic of Costa Rica, from which all surveys and cartographic and geodetic activities carried out in the national territory by any public dependency, private person or entity, national or foreign, that undertake or contract geodetic and cartographic works must be referenced, thus contributing to avoiding public spending and obtaining, on the other hand, reliable, uniform, and comparable geographic information that is of general utility and supports decision-making at the different levels of the State.

7841-P called Regulation to Law No. 6043 on the Maritime Terrestrial Zone, b) Executive Decree No. 33797-MJ-MOPT titled Declares as official horizontal datum for Costa Rica, the CR05, and its associated cartographic projection, CRTM05, and c) Executive Decree No. 36642-MP-MOPT-MINAET titled Regulation of Specifications for the Delimitation of the public zone of the Maritime Terrestrial Zone.

10.-That article 16 of the Forestry Law (Ley Forestal), Law No. 7575 of February 13, 1996, establishes that the Ministry of Environment and Energy shall delimit on the ground the boundaries of the areas that make up the Natural Heritage of the State.

11.-That according to article 11 of Chapter I, General Provisions of Law No. 6043, it establishes that the Public zone is also, whatever its extension, that occupied by all mangroves of the continental and insular coasts and estuaries of the national territory.

12.-That Executive Decree No. 36786-MINAET titled Manual for the classification of lands dedicated to the conservation of natural resources within the Maritime Terrestrial Zone in Costa Rica published in La Gaceta No. 217 of November 11, 2011, establishes among its objectives to Identify within the Maritime Terrestrial Zone those lands that classify as forests, of forestry aptitude (soils Class VII and VIII), wetlands (mangroves, estuaries, rias, salt marshes, coastal lagoons, swamps, flooded forests, salt flats), to certify them and incorporate them as part of the Natural Heritage of the State (PNE).

13.-That Executive Decree No. 36786-MINAET in point III.-Competencies for delimitation and certification establishes that The classification of lands within the ZMT shall correspond to the Conservation Areas (AC) of the National System of Conservation Areas (SINAC) and to duly accredited private professionals from the respective Professional Associations so that they classify forests, lands of forestry aptitude (soils Class VII and VIII), (mangroves, estuaries, rias, salt marshes, coastal lagoons, swamps, flooded forests, salt flats) and wetlands.

The validity of the classification documents issued by private professionals shall be subject to the approval issued by the AC that corresponds by territorial competence. The ACs of SINAC with jurisdiction in the ZMT shall also be responsible for the verification, supervision, demarcation (deslinde), and certification of the lands of the Natural Heritage of the State and the protection zones. The location and delimitation of the areas of the Natural Heritage of the State within the Maritime Terrestrial Zone must be carried out as part of the approval process of the Coastal Regulatory Plan (PRC), defined by Law No. 6043, since the Coastal Regulatory Plan is the territorial planning instrument that defines and locates all the zones to be concessioned within the ZMT and for the classification of this at the level of cadastral plans (planos de catastro). Therefore, the Coastal Regulatory Plan must clearly and expressly indicate the PNE areas so as not to count them in the total area to be concessioned.

14.-The IGN used the Georeferenced Boundary Markers (Mojones Georreferenciados) Delimitation methodology to delimit the public zone of the Maritime Terrestrial Zone of the Chomes estuary/mangrove, in the province: 06º Puntarenas; canton: 01º Puntarenas; district: 03° Chomes.

15.-That article 140 of Law No. 6227 General Law on Public Administration indicates that the administrative act shall produce its effect after being communicated to the administered party, except if it grants only rights, in which case it shall produce it from the moment it is adopted, a provision that must necessarily be related to numeral 240) of the same regulatory body, which defines the ideal instrument for communicating acts of a generic nature by indicating that: General acts shall be communicated by publication and specific acts, by notification.

16.-That, in the month of June 2021, survey work was carried out for the establishment of boundary markers (mojones) georeferenced to the national coordinate system of the public zone of the Chomes estuary/mangrove located in the province: 06º Puntarenas; canton: 01º Puntarenas; district: 03° Chomes.

17.-That the delimitation in question was carried out by the Central Pacific Conservation Area (ACOPAC) of the National System of Conservation Areas (SINAC) of the Ministry of Environment and Energy (MINAE), in accordance with official communications SINAC-ACOPAC-OSRO-496-2021 dated May 28, 2021 and SINAC-ACOPAC-OSRO-600-2021 dated June 23, 2021, being technically endorsed by the Official Limits Subprocess of the Topographic Department and Territory Observation of the IGN, through official communication DIG-TOT-0734-2021 of November 25, 2021.

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Issued in Curridabat, San José, on the 23rd day of the month of February of 2022.-

Asimismo, de conformidad con la Ley N° 59, el IGN es la dependencia científica y técnica rectora de la cartografía nacional, destinada a la ejecución del Mapa básico oficial y la Descripción básica geográfica de la República de Costa Rica y a los estudios, las investigaciones o labores y el desarrollo de políticas nacionales de carácter cartográfico, geográfico, geodésico, geofísico y de índole similar que tenga relación con dichas obras, con el fin de apoyar los procesos de planificación.

persona o entidad privada nacional o extranjera.; mientras que el artículo 7° indica que Conforme se produzcan datos cartográficos en el nuevo sistema de proyección cartográfica CRTM05, el Instituto Geográfico Nacional publicará por los medios adecuados aquella información que se ha oficializado.

Por su parte, el artículo 12 del decreto de cita, refuerza la aplicación de la proyección cartográfica CRTM05 como el sistema nacional de coordenadas oficial a la cual se deben referenciar en el territorio continental de nuestro país, al señalar que El sistema de referencia horizontal CRSIRGAS y su proyección cartográfica asociada CRTM05 para el territorio continental extendido hasta la línea de base del mar territorial y, la proyección cartográfica "Universal Transversal de Mercator" (UTM), zonas 16 y 17 para las áreas marinas e insulares jurisdiccionales en el océano Pacífico y el mar Caribe, constituirán el único sistema oficial de coordenadas para la República de Costa Rica, a partir del cual, se deben referenciar todos los levantamientos y actividades cartográficos y geodésicos que desarrollen en el territorio nacional toda dependencia pública, persona o entidad privada, nacional o extranjera, que emprendan o contraten trabajos geodésicos y cartográficos, contribuyéndose a evitar el gasto público y obteniendo, por otra parte, información geográfica confiable, uniforme y comparable, que sea de utilidad general y que apoye la toma de decisiones en los distintos niveles del Estado.

10.-Que el artículo 16° de la Ley Forestal, Ley N° 7575 del 13 de febrero de 1996, establece que el Ministerio del Ambiente y Energía delimitará en el terreno los linderos de las áreas que conforman el Patrimonio Natural del Estado.

11.-Que según el artículo 11 del Capítulo I, Disposiciones Generales de la Ley N° 6043, establece que la Zona pública es también, sea cual fuere su extensión, la ocupada por todos los manglares de los litorales continentales e insulares y esteros del territorio nacional.

12.-Que el Decreto Ejecutivo N° 36786-MINAET titulado Manual para la clasificación de tierras dedicadas a la conservación de los recursos naturales dentro de la Zona Marítimo Terrestre en Costa Rica publicado en La Gaceta N° 217 del 11 de noviembre del 2011, establece entre sus objetivos Identificar dentro de la Zona Marítimo Terrestre aquellos terrenos que clasifiquen como bosques, de aptitud forestal (suelos Clase VII y VIII), humedales (manglares, esteros, rías, marismas, lagunas costeras, pantanos, bosques anegados, salitrales), para certificarlos e incorporarlos como parte del Patrimonio Natural del Estado (PNE).

13.-Que el Decreto Ejecutivo N° 36786-MINAET en el punto III.-Competencias para la delimitación y certificación establece que La clasificación de los terrenos dentro de la ZMT corresponderá a las Áreas de Conservación (AC) del Sistema Nacional de Áreas de Conservación (SINAC) y a profesionales privados debidamente acreditados por los Colegios Profesionales respectivos para que clasifiquen los bosques, terrenos de aptitud forestal (suelos Clase VII y VIII), (manglares, esteros, rías, marismas, lagunas costeras, pantanos, bosques anegados, salitrales) y humedales.

La validez de los documentos de clasificación emitidos por profesionales privados quedará sujeta a la aprobación que emita el AC que por competencia territorial le corresponda. A las AC del SINAC con jurisdicción en la ZMT les competerá, además, la verificación, fiscalización, deslinde y certificación de las tierras del Patrimonio Natural del Estado y las zonas de protección. La ubicación y delimitación de las áreas del Patrimonio Natural del Estado dentro de la Zona Marítimo Terrestre, debe realizarse como parte del proceso de aprobación del Plan Regulador Costero (PRC), definido por la Ley N° 6043, ya que el Plan Regulador Costero es el instrumento de ordenamiento territorial, que define y ubica todas las zonas a concesionar dentro de la ZMT y para la clasificación de ésta a nivel de los planos de catastro. Por tanto, el Plan Regulador Costero debe indicar clara y expresamente, las áreas del PNE para no contabilizarlas en el área total a concesionar.

14.-El IGN, utilizó la metodología de Delimitación de Mojones Georreferenciados, para delimitar la zona pública de la Zona Marítimo Terrestre del estero/manglar Chomes, en la provincia: 06º Puntarenas; cantón: 01º Puntarenas; distrito: 03° Chomes.

15.-Que el artículo 140 de la Ley N° 6227 General de la Administración Pública señala que el acto administrativo producirá su efecto después de comunicado al administrado, excepto si le concede únicamente derechos, en cuyo caso lo producirá desde que se adopte, disposición que necesariamente debe relacionarse con el numeral 240) del mismo cuerpo normativo, mismo que define el instrumento idóneo para comunicar actos de naturaleza genérica al señalar que: Se comunicarán por publicación los actos generales y por notificación, los concretos.

16.-Que, en el mes de junio de 2021, se realizó trabajo de levantamiento para el establecimiento de mojones georreferenciados al sistema nacional de coordenadas de la zona pública del estero/manglar Chomes ubicado en la provincia: 06º Puntarenas; cantón: 01º Puntarenas; distrito: 03° Chomes.

17.-Que la delimitación en mención fue realizada por el Área de Conservación Pacífico Central (ACOPAC) del Sistema Nacional de Áreas de Conservación (SINAC) del Ministerio de Ambiente y Energía (MINAE), de conformidad con los oficios SINAC-ACOPAC-OSRO-496-2021 de fecha 28 de mayo de 2021 y SINAC-ACOPAC-OSRO-600-2021 de fecha 23 de junio de 2021, siendo avalada técnicamente por el Subproceso de Límites Oficiales del Departamento Topográfico y Observación del Territorio del IGN, mediante el oficio DIG-TOT-0734-2021 del 25 de noviembre de 2021.

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Dado en Curridabat, San José, a los 23 días del mes de febrero del 2022.-