There are many initiatives for reporting environmental, social, and governance aspects; it is at each issuer's discretion to define which standard to use for the purpose of disclosing this information. The most used are:
I. Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Standard
The Global Reporting Initiative Standards are composed of a set of interrelated modular standards that can be used by any type of organization to report its economic, environmental, and social impacts. These Standards are built with reference to other widely recognized sustainability frameworks in order to report on the performance of organizations against different codes and guidelines such as the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises, the United Nations Global Compact Principles, and the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, and include references to major international conventions such as the ILO Conventions on labor practices, among others.
The GRI Standards create a common language for organizations and stakeholders, with which the economic, environmental, and social impacts of companies can be communicated and understood. They are designed to foster global comparability and the quality of information on these impacts, and to enable greater transparency and accountability on the part of companies.
The preparation of information based on the GRI Standards should provide a balanced and reasonable representation of the positive and negative contributions of issuers to the fulfillment of the sustainable development objective.
Issuers can also use a selection of GRI Standards, core or comprehensive, or parts of their content, to communicate specific information, provided reference is correctly made to the pertinent Standards.
For more information, it is recommended to consult the website https://www.globalreporting.org/how-to-use-the-gri-standards/.
II. International Integrated Reporting Framework (IR)
The International Integrated Reporting Framework (IR) is a framework or guide for producing integrated reports, which should contain concise communication about how a company's strategy, its corporate governance, performance, and prospects, in the context of its external environment, lead it to create value in the short, medium, and long term.
The IR aims to improve the quality of information available to enable providers of financial capital to have an efficient and productive allocation of capital, promote a more coherent and efficient approach for corporate reports to contribute with different standardized reports and communicate the full range of factors that materially affect the ability to create value over time in a company, enhance accountability and stewardship over the broad base of capitals (financial, industrial, intellectual, human, natural, social, and relational), improve the understanding of their interdependencies, and support integrated thinking, decision-making, and actions focused on value creation in the short, medium, and long term.
For more information, it is recommended to consult the website https://integratedreporting.org/ III. Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB) Standards The SASB standards have been created to identify a set of environmental, social, and governance aspects most likely to impact the operational performance or financial situation of a company in a given sector. They were created with the objective of enabling communication about the performance of companies on sustainability topics at the level of each sector in a way that is cost-effective and useful for decision-making through the use of disclosure and reporting mechanisms. Companies can use the SASB standards to better identify, manage, and communicate financially relevant sustainability information to investors. By improving transparency, risk management, and performance, the use of the standards can benefit companies and help investors, as they foster comparable, consistent, and financially relevant reporting that allows them to make better investment decisions.
The SASB standards are composed of a set of rules on different industry sectors such as transportation, services, finance, consumer goods, mineral extraction and processing, food and beverage, health, infrastructure, renewable resources and alternative energy, resource transformation, and technology and communications.
For more information, it is recommended to consult the website https://www.sasb.org/
IV.Report "Measuring Stakeholder Capitalism Towards Common Metrics and Consistent Reporting of Sustainable Value Creation" by the World Economic Forum (WEF)
The report "Measuring Stakeholder Capitalism Towards Common Metrics and Consistent Reporting of Sustainable Value Creation" presents a core set of common metrics and disclosures on non-financial factors for its investors and other stakeholders, which was developed by the world's 120 largest companies and created to align performance reporting with environmental, social, and governance indicators and to consistently track contributions toward the SDGs. The metrics are based on existing standards and provide greater comparability and consistency to ESG disclosure reporting.
For more information, please consult the website http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_IBC_Measuring_Stakeholder_Capitalism_Report_2020.pdf
V. Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosure (TCFD)
The TCFD consists of more effective disclosure recommendations related to climate change in order to promote market transparency and stability through more informed investment, credit, and insurance underwriting decisions.
In turn, this allows stakeholders to better understand the concentrations of carbon-related assets in the financial sector and to incorporate climate-related risks and opportunities into their risk management and strategic planning processes so that markets can channel investment toward sustainable and resilient solutions and business models.
The disclosure recommendations are structured around four thematic areas that represent core elements of how organizations operate: Governance, Strategy, Risk Management, and Metrics and Targets. These thematic areas are intended to interconnect and inform one another.
For more information, please consult the website https://www.fsb-tcfd.org/
VI. Voluntary Guide for the Creation of Sustainability Reports
The Bolsa Nacional de Valores (BNV) has prepared the Voluntary Guide for the Creation of Sustainability Reports, aimed at issuing companies to guide and motivate them to create their sustainability reports. It is an informative document through which companies communicate clearly and objectively, and for a specific period, the quality of their business management in three areas: environmental, social, and governance (ESG).
The aspects indicated in the report must be verifiable and comparable with the issuer's evolutionary process and that of its peers, making it a strategic tool that helps the issuer measure its performance and facilitates the process of continuous improvement. While different references exist for preparing a sustainability report, the recommendations set forth in this guide are based on some suggestions made by: Sustainable Stock Exchanges (SSE), World Federation of Exchanges (WFE), and Global Reporting Initiative (GRI).
The content of such reports must include at least information related to the environmental, social, and governance axes, and indicate how they contribute to the sustainable development goals issued by the United Nations (UN).
For more information, please consult this document at the website https://www.bolsacr.com/sites/default/files/347/guia_voluntaria_para_la_creacion_de_reportes_de_sostenibilidad.pdf