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Decreto 41171 · 05/06/2018
OutcomeResultado
SummaryResumen
This executive decree establishes the Bahía Santa Elena Marine Management Area, a 732.1-hectare protected area in the Pacific Ocean on the northern coast of the Santa Elena Peninsula. Based on scientific studies by CIMAR and a social consultation process with fishermen, the tourism sector, and communities of Cuajiniquil and El Jobo, the decree creates the 'Marine Management Area' category under the Biodiversity Law. Management is entrusted to SINAC through the Guanacaste Conservation Area, guided by a General Management Plan defining zoning and permitted uses. Objectives include conservation and sustainable use of marine-coastal resources, fish reproduction, threat mitigation, and responsible fishing. It emphasizes shared governance, community participation, and interinstitutional coordination with INCOPESCA and the National Coast Guard Service. The decree fulfills international commitments such as the Convention on Biological Diversity and the target of protecting at least 10% of marine zones by 2020.Este decreto ejecutivo crea el Área Marina de Manejo Bahía Santa Elena, un área protegida de 732,1 hectáreas en el Océano Pacífico, en la costa norte de la Península de Santa Elena. Basado en estudios científicos del CIMAR y un proceso de consulta social con pescadores, sector turístico y comunidades de Cuajiniquil y El Jobo, el decreto establece la categoría de manejo 'Área Marina de Manejo' según la Ley de Biodiversidad. La administración recae en el SINAC a través del Área de Conservación Guanacaste, con un Plan General de Manejo que define zonificación y usos permitidos. Se propone la conservación y uso sostenible de recursos marino-costeros, la reproducción de peces, la mitigación de amenazas y la pesca responsable. Se enfatiza la gobernanza compartida y la participación comunitaria, así como la coordinación interinstitucional con INCOPESCA y el Servicio Nacional de Guardacostas. El decreto responde a compromisos internacionales como el Convenio sobre Diversidad Biológica y la meta de proteger al menos el 10% de zonas marinas para 2020.
Key excerptExtracto clave
Article 1. Declare Protected Area under the category and name "Bahía Santa Elena Marine Management Area" in the marine space comprising 732.1 ha, located in Bahía Santa Elena in the Pacific Ocean. According to cartographic sheet Santa Elena 3048 IV of the National Geographic Institute in the marine zone delimited by the following geographic coordinates: Starting from a coordinate on the north coast of the Santa Elena Peninsula of Santa Rosa National Park south of Playa Nueva at coordinate 1. N:1210697 E: 301480, continuing eastward to the south end of Isla Los Cabros at coordinate 2. N:1210575 E: 301644, continuing to the south end of Isla Pitayita at coordinate 3. N:1210070 E: 303061, from this point continuing past the south end of Isla Leoncillo at coordinate 4. N:1209893 E: 303560, from there continuing to the cape crossing Bahía Matapalito at coordinate 5. N:1209956 E:304405, from this coordinate continuing along the inner coastline of the bays Matapalito, Lucas and Santa Elena bordering Santa Rosa National Park until coinciding with coordinate 1 of this decree N: 1210697 E: 301480. Article 4. The conservation objectives that will guide the planning and management of the Bahía Santa Elena Marine Management Area are the following: a-Promote and ensure the conservation and sustainable use of marine-coastal resources of the site, as well as the fair and equitable distribution of the benefits derived from them. b-Ensure the reproduction of fish and other marine organisms in the Bahía Santa Elena Marine Management Area. c-Mitigate the threats faced by the focal management elements of the Bahía Santa Elena marine area. d- Regulate and promote responsible fishing in the Bahía Santa Elena Marine Management Area.Artículo 1º Declárese Área Protegida bajo la categoría y denominación "Área Marina de Manejo Bahía Santa Elena" en el espacio marino compuesto por 732,1 ha., ubicada en la Bahía Santa Elena localizado en el Océano Pacífico. Según hoja cartográfica Santa Elena 3048 IV del Instituto Geográfico Nacional en la zona marina delimitada por las siguientes coordenadas geográficas: Partiendo de una coordenada en la costa norte de la Península de Santa Elena del Parque Nacional Santa Rosa al sur de Playa Nueva en la coordenada 1. N:1210697 E: 301480, continuando con rumbo este al extremo sur de la Isla Los Cabros en la coordenada 2. N:1210575 E: 301644, continuando al extremo sur de la Isla Pitayita en la coordenada 3. N:1210070 E: 303061, de este punto continúa pasando al extremo sur de la Isla Leoncillo en la coordenada 4. N:1209893 E: 303560 de ahí se continua hasta el cabo atravesando la Bahía Matapalito en la coordenada 5. N;1209956 E:304405, de esta coordenada se continúa sobre la línea de costa interior de las bahías, Matapalito, Lucas y Santa Elena que limita con el Parque Nacional Santa Rosa hasta coincidir con coordenada 1 de este decreto N: 1210697 E: 301480. Artículo 4º Los objetivos de conservación que orientarán la planificación y gestión del Área Marina de Manejo Bahía Santa Elena son los siguientes: a-Promover y garantizar la conservación y uso sostenible de los recursos marinos costeros del sitio, así como la distribución justa y equitativa de los beneficios que se derivan de los mismos. b-Asegurar la reproducción de peces y otros organismos marinos en el Área Marina de Manejo Bahía Santa Elena. c-Mitigar la amenazas que enfrentan los elementos focales de manejo área marina Bahía Santa Elena. d- Regular y promover la pesca responsable en el Área Marina de Manejo Bahía Santa Elena.
Pull quotesCitas destacadas
"Artículo 1º Declárese Área Protegida bajo la categoría y denominación "Área Marina de Manejo Bahía Santa Elena" en el espacio marino compuesto por 732,1 ha., ubicada en la Bahía Santa Elena localizado en el Océano Pacífico."
"Article 1. Declare Protected Area under the category and name 'Bahía Santa Elena Marine Management Area' in the marine space comprising 732.1 ha, located in Bahía Santa Elena in the Pacific Ocean."
Por tanto, Artículo 1
"Artículo 1º Declárese Área Protegida bajo la categoría y denominación "Área Marina de Manejo Bahía Santa Elena" en el espacio marino compuesto por 732,1 ha., ubicada en la Bahía Santa Elena localizado en el Océano Pacífico."
Por tanto, Artículo 1
"a-Promover y garantizar la conservación y uso sostenible de los recursos marinos costeros del sitio, así como la distribución justa y equitativa de los beneficios que se derivan de los mismos."
"a-Promote and ensure the conservation and sustainable use of marine-coastal resources of the site, as well as the fair and equitable distribution of the benefits derived from them."
Artículo 4, inciso a)
"a-Promover y garantizar la conservación y uso sostenible de los recursos marinos costeros del sitio, así como la distribución justa y equitativa de los beneficios que se derivan de los mismos."
Artículo 4, inciso a)
"El SINAC coordinará con INCOPESCA y demás instituciones competentes en el fomento de la producción y la atención social, económica pesquera y turística para lograr los encadenamientos productivos necesarios para garantizar la distribución justa y equitativa de los servicios ecosistémicos..."
"SINAC will coordinate with INCOPESCA and other competent institutions in promoting production and social, economic, fishing and tourism attention to achieve the necessary productive chains to guarantee the fair and equitable distribution of ecosystem services..."
Artículo 7
"El SINAC coordinará con INCOPESCA y demás instituciones competentes en el fomento de la producción y la atención social, económica pesquera y turística para lograr los encadenamientos productivos necesarios para garantizar la distribución justa y equitativa de los servicios ecosistémicos..."
Artículo 7
"De conformidad con los estudios científicos realizados en la zona de estudio por la Universidad de Costa Rica a través del CIMAR, hay una alta biodiversidad que requiere ser protegida bajo una categoría de manejo que permita conservar y estudiar científicamente estos hábitats."
"In accordance with the scientific studies conducted in the study area by the University of Costa Rica through CIMAR, there is a high biodiversity that needs to be protected under a management category that allows conserving and scientifically studying these habitats."
Considerando 18º
"De conformidad con los estudios científicos realizados en la zona de estudio por la Universidad de Costa Rica a través del CIMAR, hay una alta biodiversidad que requiere ser protegida bajo una categoría de manejo que permita conservar y estudiar científicamente estos hábitats."
Considerando 18º
Full documentDocumento completo
1. It is in the interest of the State to strengthen the country's system of protected areas by virtue of the need for efficient management of the natural resources existing in the jurisdictional waters.
2. The Convention for the Protection of the Flora, Fauna and Scenic Natural Beauties of the American Countries, approved by Law No. 3763 of October 19, 1966, as well as the Convention on Biological Diversity and annexes approved by Law No. 7416 of June 30, 1994, commit the State to designate and create protected areas.
3. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, approved by Law No. 7291, in its Part V, article 56, establishes as rights, jurisdiction, and duties of the State, in its subsection b), numeral iii) the protection and preservation of the marine environment, in the exclusive economic zone.
4. The Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals provides that States shall endeavor to "a) conserve and restore those habitats which are important for preserving species in danger of extinction; b) prevent, eliminate, compensate or appropriately minimize the negative effects of activities or obstacles that hinder or impede the migration of species; and c) prevent, reduce or control factors that endanger or pose a risk of endangering said species." 5. One of the decisions adopted at the Eighth Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (2006, Brazil) recognizes the importance of integrated marine and coastal management to achieve the 2010 objectives and promote actions aimed at improving the protection and effective management of marine ecosystems.
6. The Parties to the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity, meeting at the Tenth Meeting of the Parties in Nagoya, Japan, approved Decision X/2 adopting the Strategic Plan 2011-2020 "Living in Harmony", and one of its goals is that by the year 2020, at least 10% of marine and coastal areas, especially areas of particular importance for biological diversity and ecosystem services, will be conserved through broad and well-connected systems of ecologically representative protected areas that are effectively and equitably managed with area-based conservation measures, and integrated into wider terrestrial and marine landscapes. Likewise, the Tenth Meeting of the Parties to the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity adopted Decision X/29 on Marine and Coastal Biological Diversity, which indicates that the Parties should strive to improve the coverage, representativeness and other properties of the network of the global system of ecologically representative and effectively administered marine and coastal protected areas under national jurisdiction or in areas subject to competent international regimes for adopting such measures, and towards achieving the jointly agreed target for 2012, which proposes the establishment of marine and coastal protected areas in accordance with international law, including the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, and based on the best available scientific information, including representative networks.
7. The Costa Rican State, in the exercise of its competencies, must ensure the constitutional right to a healthy and ecologically balanced environment, for which it has, among other tools, the creation of marine protected areas that adjust to current social, economic, and biological needs.
8. The Organic Environmental Law (Ley Orgánica del Ambiente) No. 7554 and the Biodiversity Law (Ley de Biodiversidad) No. 7788 empower the Executive Branch to create Protected Wilderness Areas (Áreas Silvestres Protegidas) in those areas that present important or special ecological characteristics for their protection and conservation, as well as to create new management categories (categorías de manejo), which shall be administered by the Ministry of Environment and Energy.
9. The management categories (categorías de manejo) must pursue the rational use of existing resources, as well as the adoption of necessary measures for the conservation of natural resources and sustainable development.
10. Article 70 of the Regulation to the Biodiversity Law (Reglamento a la Ley de Biodiversidad), Executive Decree No. 34433-MINAE, establishes and defines the Management Categories (Categorías de Manejo) for Protected Wilderness Areas, including two new categories "h) Marine Reserves (Reservas Marinas). i) Marine Management Areas (Áreas Marinas de Manejo)." 11. Executive Decree No. 35369-MINAET establishes the Regulation of the two management categories for Marine Protected Areas, in accordance with the Regulation to the Biodiversity Law (Reglamento a la Ley de Biodiversidad) Executive Decree No. 34433-MINAE, modified by Decree No. 35666-MINAET of September 17, 2009.
12. The National Strategy for the Integrated Management of Marine and Coastal Resources (ENM) of Costa Rica, developed in 2008, defines a series of environmental, social, and legal policies and lines of action to promote the sustainability of the country's marine and coastal resources, in a balanced context of environmental and social responsibility, that guarantees their conservation and favors healthy socioeconomic development, through integrated management led by the Government, with the participation of civil society (CIZEE, 2008).
13. The country developed a proposal for Territorial Planning for Biodiversity Conservation in Costa Rica (GRUAS II). Said proposal includes a scientific analysis of marine ecological systems to determine the conservation gaps in the representativeness and integrity of the country's marine and coastal biodiversity (SINAC, 2009).
14. As a result of this analysis, the expansion and strengthening of the system of marine protected areas is proposed, prioritizing attention to 12 conservation gaps, among which the Santa Elena conservation gap in the Guanacaste Conservation Area (ACG) is included. Currently, these gaps are called Sites of Importance for Conservation (SIC).
15. The social consultation process for addressing the SIC Bahía Santa Elena began at the end of 2013, highlighting the creation and consolidation of a multi-sectoral dialogue platform of actors, including representatives of artisanal fishing organizations, the tourism sector, and community organizations of Cuajiniquil and El Jobo, as well as representatives of institutions linked to marine resources, the Municipal Council of La Cruz, the Costa Rican Institute of Fisheries and Aquaculture (INCOPESCA), the National Coast Guard Service (SNG), and the Guanacaste Conservation Area of the National System of Conservation Areas (SINAC).
16. Through said platform, the consensus-based formulation of the limits of the SIC Bahía Santa Elena was achieved, based on the interests of conservation, management, and use by local communities; the agreement to request the creation of the Marine Protected Area under the category of Marine Management Area (Área Marina de Manejo) called Bahía Santa Elena; and the creation of the Local Council of the Bahía Santa Elena Marine Management Area.
17. The administrative file for the Bahía Santa Elena Site of Importance for Conservation (Tomos I and II) contains technical studies that support the creation of the Bahía Santa Elena Marine Management Area. Said scientific studies in the coastal area of the North Pacific of Costa Rica, prepared by the University of Costa Rica, CIMAR (2013), allowed for understanding the biological characteristics of the conservation gaps or SIC's prioritized for the ACG. General Stakeholder Mapping of the Bahía Santa Elena Gap (SIC Bahía Santa Elena) to understand its social context.
18. In accordance with the scientific studies carried out in the study area by the University of Costa Rica through CIMAR, there is high biodiversity that needs to be protected under a management category (categoría de manejo) that allows for the conservation and scientific study of these habitats. Furthermore, the technical studies refer to the relevance and fragility of the ecosystems, wildlife populations, geological or geomorphological attributes, the estimation of the most relevant ecosystems and the conservation status of said ecosystems, and the relevance of the environmental goods and services that these ecosystems provide to the surrounding local communities.
19. In accordance with the provisions of article 36 of the Organic Environmental Law (Ley Orgánica del Ambiente) No. 7554, articles 58 and 61 of the Biodiversity Law (Ley de Biodiversidad) No. 7788, and articles 71 and 72 of the Regulation to the Biodiversity Law (Reglamento a la Ley de Biodiversidad) No. 34433, and with Ministerial Directive DM-475 of May 28, 2015, regarding the processes for creating new Marine Protected Areas, the legal and technical requirements for the creation of the Bahía Santa Elena Marine Management Area have been met.
20. Through Agreement number 03 of the Ordinary Session held on November 25, 2017, the Local Council of the Bahía Santa Elena Site of Importance for Conservation, after the technical information was presented and seeing the progress of the process in terms of the technical, social, and feasibility studies that have been prepared since 2013 for the consolidation of the Marine Area, expressed its consent to proceed with creating the Marine Management Area (Área Marina de Manejo), recommending to the Regional Council of the Guanacaste Conservation Area (CORACACG) that it proceed with the corresponding procedures for the creation of the Bahía Santa Elena Marine Management Area.
21. Through agreement number 04 of Ordinary Session number 09-2017 held on December 6, 2017, the Regional Council and the Technical Committee of the Guanacaste Conservation Area jointly approved recommending to the National Council of Conservation Areas the creation of the Bahía Santa Elena Marine Management Area, stressing the importance that the creation of this new wilderness area be accompanied by the necessary personnel and budget for its adequate management.
22. Through Agreement Number 09 of Ordinary Session 001-2018 held on January 22, 2018, the National Council of Conservation Areas (CONAC) acknowledged and approved the creation of the Bahía Santa Elena Marine Management Area, a Site of Importance for Conservation of marine ecosystems with which the country's goals are achieved, and also promotes the inclusion and participation of coastal communities in governance models and sustainable use of marine resources.
23. Executive Decree No. 39519-MINAE recognizes the Governance Models in Protected Wilderness Areas of Costa Rica, which includes shared governance (gobernanza compartida), referring to the governance model in protected areas based on institutional mechanisms and processes in which, formally or informally, several actors, both from the Public Administration and outside it, share responsibilities, decision-making, and benefits, according to the current regulatory framework.
24. Through Executive Decree No. 39195-MAG-MINAE-MTSS, the Costa Rican State established the mandatory application of the "Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication (SSF Guidelines)", by Public Authorities and Institutions with specific competencies in the application and development of the Voluntary Guidelines, to achieve the sustainability of small-scale fisheries, with the aim of supporting responsible fishing and sustainable social and economic development for the benefit of present and future generations, with special emphasis on small-scale fishers and fish workers and related activities, and particularly vulnerable and marginalized persons, and promoting a human-rights-based approach.
"CREATION OF THE BAHÍA SANTA ELENA MARINE MANAGEMENT AREA"
WHEREAS:
Therefore,
DECREE:
35369-MINAET of May 18, 2009, and related regulations, the intensity of use of the resources through the General Management Plan SIC Bahía Santa Elena and other management guidelines.
7788 of April 30, 1998; the Regulation to the Biodiversity Law (Reglamento a la Ley de Biodiversidad), Executive Decree No. 34433-MINAE of March 11, 2008, Executive Decree No. 35369-MINAET of May 18, 2009, and related regulations, apply.
a. Promote and guarantee the conservation and sustainable use of the site's coastal marine resources, as well as the fair and equitable distribution of the benefits derived from them.
b. Ensure the reproduction of fish and other marine organisms in the Bahía Santa Elena Marine Management Area.
c. Mitigate the threats facing the focal management elements of the Bahía Santa Elena marine area.
d. Regulate and promote responsible fishing in the Bahía Santa Elena Marine Management Area.
e. Promote inter-institutional coordination for better marine and social management of the Bahía Santa Elena Marine Management Area.
f. Promote awareness programs on the importance of caring for the coastal marine resources of the Bahía Santa Elena Marine Management Area.
g. Promote the participation of communities in the use and conservation of the resources of the Bahía Santa Elena Marine Management Area.
Government institutions and Ministries are authorized to invest resources within this Marine Area for the comprehensive attention of economic activities.
Given at the Presidency of the Republic. San José, on the fifth day of June of two thousand eighteen.
Sole Transitional Provision. SINAC, in accordance with numeral 42 of the Biodiversity Law (Ley de Biodiversidad), must set an entry fee to the Bahía Santa Elena Marine Management Area for fishers and other users, excluding small-scale fishers from neighboring communities, within a period of 6 months following the publication of this regulation.
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en la totalidad del texto - Usted está en la última versión de la norma - Texto Completo Norma 41171 Creación del Área Marina de Manejo Bahía Santa Elena N° 41171-MINAE EL PRESIDENTE DE LA REPÚBLICA Y EL MINISTRO DE AMBIENTE Y ENERGÍA En ejercicio de las facultades que les confieren el artículo 140, incisos 3) y 18) y el artículo 146 de la Constitución Política; el Convenio de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Derecho del Mar aprobado mediante la Ley N° 7291 del 23 de marzo de 1992; la Convención para la Protección de la Flora, Fauna y Bellezas Escénicas Naturales de los Países de América, aprobada por Ley Nº 3763 del 19 de octubre de 1966; el Convenio sobre Diversidad Biológica y anexos aprobado por Ley Nº 7416 del 30 de junio de 1994; la Ley Orgánica del Ambiente N° 7554 del 4 de octubre de 1995; la Ley de Creación del Servicio de Parques Nacionales N° 6084 del 24 de agosto de 1977; la Ley de Biodiversidad Nº 7788 del 30 de abril de 1998; la Ley de Pesca y Acuicultura Nº 8436 del 1 de marzo de 2005; la Ley de Conservación de la Vida Silvestre Nº 7317 del 30 de octubre de 1992 y sus reformas; el Reglamento a la Ley de Biodiversidad, Decreto Ejecutivo Nº 34433-MINAE del 11 de marzo del 2008; la Regulación de las nuevas categorías de manejo para las Áreas Marinas Protegida, Decreto Ejecutivo Nº 35369-MINAET del 18 de mayo de 2009 y las Tarifas por derechos de ingreso y otros servicios ofrecidos en las Áreas Silvestres Protegidas bajo la administración del SINAC Decreto Nº 38295-MINAE del 15 de enero de 2014.
23 º-Que mediante el Decreto Ejecutivo N° 39519-MINAE, se reconoce los Modelos de Gobernanza en Áreas Silvestres Protegidas de Costa Rica, en donde se incluye la gobernanza compartida, que se refiere al modelo de gobernanza en áreas protegidas basadas en mecanismos y procesos institucionales en los que, formal o informalmente varios actores, tanto de la Administración Pública como ajenos a ella, comparten las responsabilidades, la toma de decisiones y los beneficios, según el marco normativo vigente.
24 º-Que mediante el Decreto Ejecutivo N° 39195-MAG-MINAE-MTSS, el Estado Costarricense estableció la aplicación obligatoria de las "Directrices voluntarias para lograr la sostenibilidad de la pesca en pequeña escala en el contexto de la seguridad alimentaria y la erradicación de la pobreza (Directrices PPE)", por Autoridades Públicas e Instituciones con competencias específicas en la aplicación y desarrollo de las Directrices voluntarias, para lograr la sostenibilidad de la pesca en pequeña escala, con el objetivo de apoyar la pesca responsable y el desarrollo social y económico sostenible en beneficio de las generaciones presentes y futuras, con especial hincapié en los pescadores y trabajadores de la pesca en pequeña escala y actividades conexas y en particular las personas vulnerables y marginadas, y promueven un enfoque basado en los derechos humanos.
"CREACIÓN DEL ÁREA MARINA DE MANEJO BAHIA SANTA ELENA"
CONSIDERANDO:
Por tanto,
DECRETAN:
a-Promover y garantizar la conservación y uso sostenible de los recursos marinos costeros del sitio, así como la distribución justa y equitativa de los beneficios que se derivan de los mismos.
b-Asegurar la reproducción de peces y otros organismos marinos en el Área Marina de Manejo Bahía Santa Elena.
c-Mitigar la amenazas que enfrentan los elementos focales de manejo área marina Bahía Santa Elena.
d- Regular y promover la pesca responsable en el Área Marina de Manejo Bahía Santa Elena.
e-Promover la coordinación interinstitucional para una mejor gestión marina y social del Área Marina de Manejo Bahía Santa Elena.
f-Impulsar programas de sensibilización sobre la importancia de cuidar los recursos marino costeros del Área Marina de Manejo Bahía Santa Elena.
g-Promover la participación de las comunidades en el uso y conservación de los recursos del Área Marina de Manejo Bahía Santa Elena.
Se autoriza a las instituciones del Gobierno y Ministerios a invertir recurso dentro de esta Área Marina, para la atención integral de las actividades económicas.
Dado en la Presidencia de la República. San José, el día cinco del mes de junio de dos mil dieciocho.
Transitorio único.- El SINAC de conformidad al numeral 42 de la Ley de Biodiversidad deberá fijar una tarifa de ingreso al Área Marina de Manejo Bahía Santa Elena para los pescadores y otros usuarios, excluyendo a los usuarios de la pesca en pequeña escala de las comunidades vecinas, en un plazo de 6 meses posteriores a la publicación del presente reglamento.
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