A. Annex B of the Kyoto Protocol The following table shall replace the table in Annex B of the Protocol.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Quantified emission limitation or reduction commitment (2008-2012) (percentage of base year or period level) | Quantified emission limitation or reduction commitment (2013-2020) (percentage of base year or period level) | Reference Year | Quantified emission limitation or reduction commitment (2013-2020) (expressed as a percentage of the reference year1) | Pledges for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by the year 2020 (percentage of the reference year level)2 |
| Germany | 92 | 804 | n.a. | n.a. | |
| Australia | 108 | 99.5 | 2000 | 98 | -5 or 15% or -25%3 |
| Austria | 92 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| Belarus3* * | 88 | 1990 | n.a | -8% | |
| Belgium | 92 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| Bulgaria* | 92 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| Cyprus | 804 | n.a | n.a | ||
| Croatia* | 95 | 806 | n.a | n.a | -20% -30%7 |
| Denmark | 92 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| Slovakia* | 92 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| Slovenia* | 92 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| Spain | 92 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| Estonia* | 92 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| Finland | 92 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| France | 92 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| Greece | 92 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| Hungary | 94 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| Ireland | 92 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| Iceland | 110 | 808 | n.a | n.a | |
| Italy | 92 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| Kazakhstan* | 95 | 1990 | 95 | -7% | |
| Latvia* | 92 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| Liechtenstein | 92 | 84 | 1990 | 84 | -20%-30%9 |
| Lithuania* | 92 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| Luxembourg | 92 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| Malta | 804 | n.a | n.a | ||
| Monaco | 92 | 78 | 1990 | 78 | -30% |
| Norway | 101 | 84 | 1990 | 84 | -30% to -40%10 |
| Netherlands | 92 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| Poland* | 94 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| Portugal | 92 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 92 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| Czech Republic* | 92 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| Romania* | 92 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| Sweden | 92 | 804 | n.a | n.a | |
| Switzerland | 92 | 80.2 | 1990 | n.a | -20% to -30%11 |
| Ukraine* | 100 | 7612 | 1990 | n.a | -20% |
| European Union | 92 | 804 | 1990 | n.a | -20%-30%7 |
| Party | Quantified emission limitation or reduction commitment (2008-2012) (percentage of base year or period level) | ||||
| Canada13 | 94 | ||||
| Japan14 | 94 | ||||
| New Zealand15 | 100 | ||||
| Russian Federation16 * | 100 |
Abbreviation: n.a. = not applicable.
* Countries that are undergoing the process of transition to a market economy.
All notes, except for notes 1, 2, and 5, are from the communications of the respective Parties.
1. Parties may, optionally and for their own purposes, use a reference year to express their quantified emission limitation or reduction commitments (QELRCs) as a percentage of emissions of that year, which shall not be internationally binding under the Kyoto Protocol, in addition to indicating their QELRCs in relation to the base year in the second and third columns of this table, which are internationally binding.
2. Further information on these pledges can be found in documents FCCC/SB/2011/INF.1/Rev.1 and FCCC/KP/AWG/2012/MISC.1, Add.1 and Add.2.
3. Australia's QELRC for the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol is consistent with the achievement of Australia's unconditional 2020 target of 5% relative to 2000 levels. Australia reserves the option to later increase its 2020 target from 5% to 15% or to 25% relative to 2000 levels, subject to certain conditions being met. This indication retains the character of the pledges made under the Cancun Agreements and does not constitute a new legally binding commitment under this Protocol or its associated rules and modalities.
4. The QELRCs of the European Union and its member States for a second commitment period under the Kyoto Protocol are based on the understanding that these commitments will be fulfilled jointly by the European Union and its member States, in accordance with the provisions of Article 4 of the Kyoto Protocol. The QELRCs are inscribed without prejudice to the subsequent notification by the European Union and its member States of an agreement to fulfil their commitments jointly, in accordance with the provisions of the Kyoto Protocol.
5. Added to Annex B by an amendment adopted pursuant to decision 10/CMP.2. The amendment has not yet entered into force.
6. Croatia's QELRC for a second commitment period under the Kyoto Protocol is based on the understanding that Croatia will fulfil this commitment jointly with the European Union and its member States, in accordance with the provisions of Article 4 of the Kyoto Protocol. Consequently, Croatia's accession to the European Union shall not affect its participation in this joint fulfilment agreement under Article 4 or its QELRC.
7. As part of a global and comprehensive agreement for the period beyond 2012, the European Union reiterates its conditional offer to assume a 30% emission reduction by 2020 compared to 1990 levels, provided that other developed countries commit themselves to comparable emission reductions and that developing countries contribute adequately according to their responsibilities and respective capabilities.
8. Iceland's QELRC for a second commitment period under the Kyoto Protocol is based on the understanding that Iceland will fulfil this commitment jointly with the European Union and its member States, in accordance with the provisions of Article 4 of the Kyoto Protocol.
9. The QELRC shown in the third column refers to a target of a 20% reduction by 2020 compared to 1990 levels. Liechtenstein would consider raising its emission reduction target to 30% by 2020 compared to 1990 levels, provided that other developed countries commit themselves to comparable emission reductions and that economically more advanced developing countries contribute adequately according to their responsibilities and respective capabilities.
10. Norway's QELRC of 84% is consistent with its target of 30% emission reduction by 2020 compared to 1990 levels. If it can contribute to a global and comprehensive agreement where major emitting Parties agree on emission reductions consistent with the 2 °C target, Norway will adopt a level of 40% emission reduction for 2020 compared to 1990 levels. This indication retains the character of the pledge made under the Cancun Agreements and does not constitute a new legally binding commitment under this Protocol.
11. The QELRC shown in the third column of this table refers to a target of a 20% reduction by 2020 compared to 1990 levels. Switzerland would consider raising its emission reduction target to 30% by 2020 compared to 1990 levels, subject to other developed countries committing themselves to comparable emission reductions and developing countries contributing adequately according to their responsibilities and capabilities, consistent with the 2 °C target. This indication retains the character of the pledge made under the Cancun Agreements and does not constitute a new legally binding commitment under this Protocol or its associated rules and modalities.
12. It will be carried over in full, and no cancellation or limitation of the use of this legitimately acquired sovereign asset will be accepted.
13. On December 15, 2011, the Depositary received written notification of Canada's withdrawal from the Kyoto Protocol. This measure will take effect for Canada on December 15, 2012.
14. In a communication dated December 10, 2010, Japan indicated that it did not intend to be bound by the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol after 2012.
15. New Zealand remains a Party to the Kyoto Protocol. It will adopt a quantified economy-wide emission reduction target under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change for the period 2013 to 2020.
16. In a communication dated December 8, 2010, received by the secretariat on December 9, 2010, the Russian Federation indicated that it did not intend to assume a quantified emission limitation or reduction commitment for the second commitment period.
B. Annex A of the Kyoto Protocol The following list shall replace the list under the heading "Greenhouse gases" in Annex A of the Protocol:
Greenhouse gases Carbon dioxide (CO₂) Methane (CH₄) Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) Sulphur hexafluoride (SF₆) Nitrogen trifluoride (NF₃)1 1Applies only from the start of the second commitment period.
C. Article 3, paragraph 1 bis The following paragraph shall be inserted after paragraph 1 of Article 3 of the Protocol:
1 bis. The Parties included in Annex I shall, individually or jointly, ensure that their aggregate anthropogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions of the greenhouse gases listed in Annex A do not exceed their assigned amounts, calculated pursuant to their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments inscribed in the third column of the table contained in Annex B and in accordance with the provisions of this Article, with a view to reducing their overall emissions of such gases by at least 18 per cent below 1990 levels in the commitment period 2013 to 2020.
D. Article 3, paragraph 1 ter The following paragraph shall be inserted after paragraph 1 bis of Article 3 of the Protocol:
1 ter. A Party included in Annex B may propose an adjustment to reduce the percentage inscribed in the third column of Annex B of its quantified emission limitation and reduction commitment inscribed in the third column of the table contained in Annex B. The secretariat shall communicate such a proposed adjustment to the Parties at least three months before the session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol where it is proposed for adoption.
E. Article 3, paragraph 1 quater The following paragraph shall be inserted after paragraph 1 ter of Article 3 of the Protocol:
1 quater. An adjustment proposed by a Party included in Annex I to increase the ambition of its quantified emission limitation and reduction commitment, in accordance with Article 3, paragraph 1 ter above, shall be considered adopted by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol unless more than three-fourths of the Parties present and voting object to its adoption.
The secretariat shall communicate the adopted adjustments to the Depositary, who shall circulate them to all Parties. The adjustment shall enter into force on 1 January of the year following the communication by the Depositary, and shall be binding on the Parties.
F. Article 3, paragraph 7 bis The following paragraphs shall be inserted after paragraph 7 of Article 3 of the Protocol:
7 bis. In the second quantified emission limitation and reduction commitment period, from 2013 to 2020, the assigned amount for each Party included in Annex I shall be equal to the percentage inscribed for it in the third column of the table contained in Annex B of its aggregate anthropogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions of the greenhouse gases listed in Annex A in 1990, or the base year or period determined in accordance with paragraph 5 above, multiplied by eight. For the purpose of calculating the assigned amount, those Parties included in Annex I for which land-use change and forestry constituted a net source of greenhouse gas emissions in 1990 shall include in their 1990 emissions base year or period the aggregate anthropogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions by sources minus removals by sinks resulting from land-use change in 1990.
G. Article 3, paragraph 7 ter The following paragraph shall be inserted after paragraph 7 bis of Article 3 of the Protocol:
7 ter. Any positive difference between the assigned amount for the second commitment period for a Party included in Annex I and the average of its annual emissions for the first three years of the preceding commitment period multiplied by eight, shall be transferred to the cancellation account of that Party.
H. Article 3, paragraph 8 In paragraph 8 of Article 3 of the Protocol, the words: the calculations referred to in paragraph 7 above shall be replaced by: the calculations referred to in paragraphs 7 and 7 bis above
I. Article 3, paragraph 8 bis
The following paragraph shall be inserted after paragraph 8 of Article 3 of the Protocol:
8 bis. Any Party included in Annex I may use 1995 or 2000 as its base year for nitrogen trifluoride for the purposes of the calculation referred to in paragraph 7 bis above.
J. Article 3, paragraphs 12 bis and 12 ter The following paragraphs shall be inserted after paragraph 12 of Article 3 of the Protocol:
12 bis. Any unit generated from market-based mechanisms established under the Convention or its instruments may be used by Parties included in Annex I to assist them in meeting their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments under Article 3. Such units which a Party acquires from another Party to the Convention shall be added to the assigned amount of the acquiring Party and subtracted from the quantity of units held by the transferring Party.
12 ter. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall ensure that, where Parties included in Annex I use units from activities approved under the market-based mechanisms referred to in paragraph 12 bis above to assist them in meeting their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments under Article 3, a share of proceeds from such units is used to cover administrative expenses and to assist developing country Parties that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change to meet the costs of adaptation, if these units are acquired under Article 17.
K. Article 4, paragraph 2 The following words shall be added at the end of the first sentence of paragraph 2 of Article 4 of the Protocol:
, or on the date of deposit of their instruments of acceptance of any amendment to Annex B in accordance with Article 3, paragraph 9 L. Article 4, paragraph 3 In paragraph 3 of Article 4 of the Protocol, the words: paragraph 7 of Article 3 shall be replaced by: