- 4That in correspondence with the legal regulations cited in the preceding Consideranda (Considerandos), it is the responsibility of the National Geographic Institute to define and formalize Technical Standards for Geographic Information (NTIG) that guide officials and users of the National Geographic Institute, and in general, the public sector, private sector, individuals, and the general public, both producers, managers, and users of geographic information to generate and exchange geographic data and information that show consistency, compatibility, interoperability, and comparison in their processes, as a result of standardization in their production and publication processes for decision-making.
- 5That within this framework of action, the cornerstone is the SNIT, which has as its general objective to promote the generation of basic and thematic geographic products, services, and information of national, regional, and local coverage, and to publish in an integrated and georeferenced manner the territorial information produced by public entities and bodies, as well as by private individuals or legal entities, and to standardize geo-spatial information within the framework of a common data infrastructure.
- 6That the National Geographic Institute has defined a base group of technical standards for geographic information whose purpose is to guarantee the use and management of basic and thematic geographic information about the territory, with standards that ensure the interoperability thereof, as well as its integrated publication through the geoportal of the National Territorial Information System. These standards are defined as individual technical documents for geographic information regulations, called Technical Standards for Geographic Information of Costa Rica (NTIG_CR00_00.0000), where the two digits after CR correspond to the identifier of the standard, the next two digits to the month, and the last four digits to the year of publication of the standard.
- 7That the Technical Standards for Geographic Information constitute the base defined by the National Geographic Institute as necessary and fundamental that officials and users of the National Geographic Institute, and in general, the public sector, private sector, individuals, and the general public require, for the production, management, and publication of georeferenced geographic data, that is, of data that come from or are for use in geographic applications, and that represent the earth's surface or the geometry of objects in geographic space. Therefore,
To issue the following:
TECHNICAL STANDARD FOR GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION ON THE GEOGRAPHIC DATA MODEL OF COSTA RICA, SCALES 1:1,000, 1:5,000 and 1:25,000 1. Nomenclature: NTIG_CR03_01.2016: Geographic Data Model of Costa Rica, Scales 1:1,000, 1:5,000 and 1:25,000 2. Purpose: This Technical Standard for Geographic Information aims to provide the necessary elements to model a real-world phenomenon in 2D or 3D format, as well as to identify the geometry of the geographic object within a database according to the scale of representation of spatial reality. The description of the geo-spatial information capture format, as well as its geometry and capture method, may be applied to three different scales: 1:1000, 1:5000, and 1:25000.
3. Scope of Application: This Technical Standard is of mandatory observance. The application and interpretation of this Technical Standard, for administrative and technical purposes, shall correspond to the National Geographic Institute, which shall resolve cases not provided for therein, and shall ensure its updating as appropriate according to the needs that motivate changes in the Technical Standard.
4. Extent: This directive constitutes a general reference framework regarding the minimum requirements that must be observed by this Institute, other public entities, private sector, and the general public: producers, managers, and users of georeferenced geographic information.
5. Technical approval: The Technical Standard for Geographic Information called NTIG_CR03_01.2016: Geographic Data Model of Costa Rica, Scales 1:1,000, 1:5,000 and 1:25,000, is the product of work carried out by officials of various professional levels of the National Geographic Institute, and it was known, validated, and finally technically approved at two o'clock in the afternoon on January 12, 2016, as recorded by official communication No. DIG- 0012-2016 of that same date, signed by MSc. Max A. Lobo Hernández, Director of the National Geographic Institute.
6. Publication: The Technical Standard for Geographic Information called NTIG_CR03_01.2016: Geographic Data Model of Costa Rica, Scales 1:1,000, 1:5,000 and 1:25,000 is available in full for public access through the official website of the National Territorial Information System (SNIT): www.snitcr.go.cr (Note from Sinalevi: This standard was extracted from the website of the National Geographic Institute, therefore it is transcribed below:)
NTIG_CR03_01.2016: Geographic Data Model of Costa Rica, Scales 1:1,000, 1:5,000 and 1:25,000 Presentation I am pleased to present the Technical Standard for Geographic Information of Costa Rica (NTIG_CR03) called Geographic Data Model of Costa Rica, Scales 1:1,000, 1:5,000 and 1:25,000, version of January 2016, which allows us to operationalize the geographic objects described in the Catalog of Geographic Objects for Fundamental Data of Costa Rica, in a geospatial database; its coding is derived from standard NTIG_CR02_01_2016.
We hope that the geographic data model will be an instrument that allows providing technical information on geospatial data for the production and publication of geospatial information in our country. It is aligned with the requirements of the National Territorial Information System (SNIT), as well as with the technical considerations defined by the National Geographic Institute as fundamental elements.
From a geographic perspective, whether regarding producers, managers, and/or users of information, metadata are currently characterized by a connection to geospatial data and information, in alignment as part of the fundamental regulations required within the context of a geospatial data infrastructure.
In this way, the geographic data model is of great importance for individuals and organizations, both public and private, that use and produce geospatial data, to find the data they need, determine the best way to use them, and have the appropriate tool for their production.
The Geographic Data Model of Costa Rica, Scales 1:1,000, 1:5,000 and 1:25,000 has its origin in the exercise of fulfilling the legal competencies of the National Geographic Institute in matters of standardization, generation, and standardization of geospatial information. This first version is an initiative that will facilitate the exchange of inter-institutional information, in addition to promoting in a precise and orderly manner the dissemination and use of geographic data. Our position is inclusive and open to the contributions of the community of producers, managers, and users of geospatial information at the national level.
Furthermore, the definition and dissemination of this document is in accordance with the guidelines established in Decree No. 37773-JP-H-MINAE-MICITT (La Gaceta No. 134 of July 12, 2013), through which the National Territorial Information System (SNIT) is officially created as an instrument for the production, publication, regulation, and standardization of geospatial information in our country. Through the SNIT, the IGN is promoting the generation of products, services, and georeferenced geographic information of national, regional, and local coverage, and the publication in an integrated and georeferenced manner of territorial information produced by public entities and bodies, as well as by individuals or legal entities, and the standardization of geospatial information within the framework of a common spatial data infrastructure.
The SNIT is a very important step in the process of consolidating the Spatial Data Infrastructure of Costa Rica (IDECORI), which is defined as the set of policies, organizations, standards, and technologies that work together to produce, share, and use the geographic information necessary to support the country's development in various areas.
M.Sc. Max A. Lobo Hernández Director National Geographic Institute Table of Contents 1. Introduction .................................................................................... ........................................................... 1 2. Background .................................................................................... .......................................................... 1 3. General Provisions ......................................................................... ..................................................... 2 3.1 Nomenclature and name of the Technical Standard ................................................................................... 2 3.2 Purpose ......................................................................................... ...................................................... 2 3.3 Scope of Application ........................................................................... .................................................... 2 3.4 Extent ........................................................................................ ........................................................... 2 3.5 Technical Approval and Formalization ............................................................ ............................................ 2 3.6 Mandatory Nature ................................................................................. ....................................................... 3 3.7 Effective Date ....................................................................................... ........................................................... 3 4. Geographic Data Model ..................................................................... ................................................. 3 5. Final Considerations ......................................................................... ................................................... 35 6. Bibliography .................................................................................... .......................................................... 35 Index of Tables Table 1 Geodetic Control .......................................................................... ................................................... 4 Table 2 Relief .................................................................................... ........................................................... 4 Table 3 Road and Transportation Infrastructure .................................................................................................... 7 Table 4 Buildings and Constructions ............................................................. ......................................... 13 Table 5 Hydrographic and Marine Elements ............................................................................................. 25 Table 6 Boundaries .................................................................................... ......................................................... 29 Table 7 Land Cover and Uses ................................................................. ........................................... 33 Table 8 Cadastre ................................................................................... ........................................................ 33 Table 9 Auxiliary Lines........................................................................... ................................................. 34 1. Introduction Although this instrument has been developed as a requirement for orthophoto and cartography production projects, its scope of application is not limited to the creation and implementation of geographic databases by the National Geographic Institute and the National Registry, but also to other institutions and organizations involved in the production of geographic data at the national level.
This data model works jointly with the catalog of fundamental objects, having as a connection point between both documents the particular code for each geographic object in a more structured and homogenized form. This allows us to certainly achieve a higher quality thereof, by having understanding and clarity in each of their definitions, descriptions of the different types of objects, attributes, domains, and relationships, which also provides us with savings in both economic resources and processing time.
This technical standard allows the user and producer of cartography to determine the capture or photogrammetric restitution method for the different geographic objects from the orthophoto; be they, relief features such as contour lines, rivers, vegetation cover, coastal features, among others; as well as infrastructure such as buildings of different types or the road network.
2. Background This geographic data model has its genesis in the exercise of fulfilling the legal competencies of the National Geographic Institute, in matters of standardization and standardization of geospatial information. This first version is an initiative that will facilitate the exchange of inter-institutional information, in addition to promoting in a precise and orderly manner the dissemination and use of geographic data.
The geographic data model of Costa Rica, for scales 1:1,000, 1:5,000 and 1:25,000, constitutes the first version of the official data model for the production, standardization, and standardization of geospatial databases, published on the platform of the National Territorial Information System and consequently for the National Spatial Data Infrastructure of Costa Rica (IDECORI).
3. General Provisions 3.1 Nomenclature and Name of the Technical Standard NTIG_CR03_01.2016: Geographic Data Model of Costa Rica, Scales 1:1,000, 1:5,000 and 1:25,000 3.2 Purpose This Technical Standard aims to provide the necessary elements to model a real-world phenomenon in 2D or 3D format, as well as to identify the geometry of the geographic object within a database according to the scale of representation of spatial reality. The description of the geo-spatial information capture format, as well as its geometry and capture method, may be applied to three different scales: 1:1000, 1:5000, and 1:25000.
3.3 Scope of Application This Technical Standard is of mandatory observance. The application and interpretation of this Technical Standard, for administrative and technical purposes, shall correspond to the National Geographic Institute, which shall resolve cases not provided for therein and shall ensure its updating as appropriate.
3.4 Extent The Technical Standard NTIG_CR03_01.2016: Geographic Data Model of Costa Rica, Scales 1:1,000, 1:5,000 and 1:25,000, constitutes a general reference framework regarding the minimum requirements that must be observed by officials and users of the National Geographic Institute, and in general, the public sector (Branches of the Republic, autonomous and semi-autonomous institutions, entities attached to autonomous institutions, state public enterprises, non-state public enterprises, non-state public entities, entities administering public funds, municipalities and attached municipal bodies), private sector, individuals, and the general public, as producers, managers, and users to operationalize the geographic objects described in the Catalog of Geographic Objects for Fundamental Data of Costa Rica, in a geospatial database; its coding is derived from standard NTIG_CR02_01_2016: Catalog of Fundamental Geographic Objects of Costa Rica.
3.5 Technical Approval and Formalization The Technical Standard for Geographic Information called NTIG_CR03_01.2016: "Geographic Data Model of Costa Rica, Scales 1:1,000, 1:5,000 and 1:25,000", was technically approved at two o'clock in the afternoon on January 12, 2016, as recorded by official communication No. DIG-0012-2016 of that same date, signed by MSc. Max A. Lobo Hernández, Director of the National Geographic Institute, and it is hereby formalized through the publication of Directive DIG-003-2016 of the National Geographic Institute of January 12, 2016, in the Official Gazette La Gaceta.
3.6 Mandatory Nature The provisions contained in this Directive and respective Technical Standard are mandatory.
3.7 Effective Date This Technical Standard takes effect upon the publication of Directive DIG-003-2016 of January 12, 2016, in the Official Gazette La Gaceta.
4. Geographic Data Model In this section, the data model for the different geographic objects is developed in detail, and various tables corresponding to the themes of the catalog of geographic objects are included. The structure of the tables presents a column for the themes, another for the code of the objects, a brief description of each of them, and in the following columns the geometry for the three scales is included, and finally and of great importance, the method of capture of said object from an orthophoto or orthoimage is described.
5. Final Considerations It is necessary to indicate that the number of geographic objects established in the catalog of objects is greater than the number of geographic objects included in the data model, since the latter has been designed based on the needs of the various contracting processes for orthophoto and cartography production projects, which are required in their entirety by the National Registry, and specifically by the Real Property Registry (scales 1:1,000 and 1:5,000) and the National Geographic Institute (1:25,000). Therefore, it is not ruled out that in the future it may need to be expanded, considering new needs of the National Registry, or including those of other institutions.
6. Bibliography IDECA. (2011). Instructivo para la Catalogación de Datos Geográficos (version. 2.0 Infraestructura de Datos Espaciales para el Distrito Capital). Bogotá, Colombia: Unidad Administrativa Especial de Catastro Digital.
IGAC-CIAF. (2005). Catálogo de Objetos (version. 1.3). Bogotá, Colombia.
IGM. (2007). Catálogo de Objetos Geográficos (version. 04). Quito, Ecuador.
IGN. (2010). Normas de Ejecución de los Temas III y IV de INSPIRE, Especificación de Datos de Nombres Geográficos. Madrid, Spain: Ministerio de Fomento.
IGN. (2011). Catálogo de Objetos y Simbolo para la Producción de Cartografía Básica a Escala 1:10.000 (version,. 1.0). Lima, Peru: Ministerio de Defensa, editor.
IPGH. (2010). Guía de normas. Comité ISO/TC 211. Información geográfica / geomática (Spanish ed.). Grupo Consultivo de Desarrollo.
7. Mandatory Nature: The provisions contained in this Technical Standard are mandatory.
8. Effective Date: The Technical Standard for Geographic Information called NTIG_CR03_01.2016: Geographic Data Model of Costa Rica, Scales 1:1,000, 1:5,000 and 1:25,000 takes effect upon its publication in the Official Gazette La Gaceta.