It is the responsibility of the Costa Rican State to prevent disasters; therefore, all institutions shall be obliged to consider the concepts of risk and disaster in their programs and to include the ordinary management measures that are proper and timely for them to avoid their manifestation, promoting a culture that tends to reduce them.
V.—That based on the cited regulations, all State institutions must have public risk prevention policies within their area of competence and also have the necessary budget for their proper implementation, as established by Articles 26 and 27 of the National Emergency and Risk Prevention Law.
VI.—That according to the dynamic-statistical models, evaluated and analyzed by specialists of the National Meteorological Institute (Instituto Meteorológico Nacional, IMN), together with the short-term observations made (May-June-July quarter), a transition from a neutral phase to conditions of the phenomenon known as El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) would be occurring in the country, with a scenario for the coming months of warmer than normal air temperatures, with a decrease in rainfall, especially for the Pacific Slope and Central Valley. On the Caribbean Slope, the manifestation of the phenomenon is expected with normal rainy conditions in July and August. (ENSO Bulletin, 66, April 2014).
VII.—That by April of this year, in ENSO Bulletin 67, the IMN has clarity regarding the development and consolidation of El Niño for Costa Rica; however, doubts still persist regarding its intensity, with an additional factor appearing alongside the El Niño phenomenon, which in previous years has been a catalyst that significantly contributes to the increase in accumulated rainfall in the regions affected by El Niño, namely the cooling of the Caribbean Sea and the Tropical Atlantic (because it generates less availability and transport of moisture towards Costa Rica).
VIII.—That by June 2014, the consolidation of the El Niño phenomenon in Costa Rica (sea temperatures 0.5 degrees above average), along with the sustained cooling of the Caribbean Sea and Tropical Atlantic, is not only a fact, but climatic impacts related to this condition are also already being recorded.
IX.—That in accordance with ENSO Bulletin, 68, June 2014, from the National Meteorological Institute, the behavior of the climatic phenomenon is expected to cause rainfall excesses of between 20% and 30% in the Northern Caribbean and between 30% and 40% for the Southern Caribbean, during the months of July and August of the year 2014.
X.—That the existing and expected rainfall excesses may negatively affect the persons, property, and economic activities of the Northern Caribbean and Southern Caribbean regions of the country.
XI.—That the President of the Republic holds powers of direction and coordination over the competencies of the centralized and decentralized Public Administration, being able to issue directives to them and monitor their compliance. Therefore, The following is issued:
DIRECTIVE:
FOR THE ORGANIZATION OF THE NECESSARY PREVENTION EFFORTS TO ADDRESS THE SITUATION OF EXCESS RAINFALL IN THE NORTHERN CARIBBEAN AND SOUTHERN CARIBBEAN REGIONS OF THE COUNTRY