RTCR 461: 2011 "Commercial Sterility for Canned Fishery Products" 1.—Purpose. The purpose of this Technical Regulation is to establish the requirements and specifications for the implementation of commercial sterility processes that hermetically packaged fishery products must comply with.
2.—Scope of Application. It applies to all hermetically packaged fishery products, both of national origin and imported.
3.—References. This Technical Regulation is supplemented by the following current technical regulations:
3.1.—Executive Decree No. 32327-S, Regulation for the Quality of Drinking Water (Agua Potable), published in La Gaceta No. 84 of May 3, 2005.
3.2.—Executive Decree No. 36463, RTCR 443:2010 Metrology. Units of Measurement International System (SI), published in La Gaceta No. 56 of March 21, 2011.
4.—Definitions 4.1.—Drinking water (Agua potable): Treated water that complies with the provisions for recommended or maximum permissible values for aesthetic, organoleptic, physical, chemical, biological, and microbiological parameters, established in national regulations, and that when consumed by the population does not cause harm to health.
4.2.—Canned food (Alimento en conserva): Commercially sterile food packaged in hermetically sealed containers.
4.3.—Autoclave (Autoclave): Pressurized equipment intended for the thermal processing (tratamiento térmico) of foods packaged in hermetically sealed containers.
4.4.—Process authority (Autoridad de proceso): Defined as personnel internal or external to the establishment with demonstrable training and experience to perform the studies required under this Regulation.
4.5.—Container (Envase): Any receptacle intended to contain a product and which must be hermetically sealed, preserving its physical, chemical, and sanitary integrity.
4.6.—Spores (Esporas): Cells of microorganisms with a dormant life, but capable of growing and reproducing when circumstances are favorable to them.
4.7.—Establishment (Establecimiento): Any premises where fishery products are received, prepared, elaborated, cooled, frozen, packaged, stored, transported, or sold.
4.8.—Commercial sterility of foods subjected to thermal processing (Esterilidad comercial de alimentos sometidos a tratamiento térmico): State achieved through the application of sufficient heat, alone or in combination with other appropriate treatments, so that the food is free of microorganisms capable of developing in the food without refrigeration under the normal conditions in which it is likely to be held during distribution and storage.
4.9.—Temperature distribution study (Estudio de distribución de temperatura): Analysis performed on the autoclave (autoclave) to guarantee that the cold spot is above the established temperature, according to the time-temperature relationship during the come-up and sterilization time of the product.
4.10.—Heat penetration study (Estudio de penetración de calor): Study performed on the canned product to calculate the sterilization time (tiempo de esterilizado) necessary to be considered a product fit for human consumption.
4.11.—Food wholesomeness (Inocuidad de alimentos): Guarantee that the food will not cause harm to the consumer when it is prepared and/or consumed according to its intended use.
4.12.—Fishery products (Productos pesqueros): Products or derivatives coming from the capture of marine flora and fauna, or from aquaculture harvesting.
4.13.—Records (Registros): Manual or automatic formats or forms where data on process conditions are recorded.
4.14.—Sterilization temperature (Temperatura de esterilización): Temperature maintained during the thermal processing (tratamiento térmico), as specified in the scheduled process (tratamiento programado).
4.15.—Initial temperature (Temperatura inicial): The temperature of the contents of the coldest container to be processed at the beginning of the sterilization cycle, as specified in the scheduled process (tratamiento programado).
4.16.—Come-up time (Tiempo de calentamiento): The time, including the venting time, that elapses between the introduction of the heating medium into the closed autoclave (autoclave) and the moment when the autoclave (autoclave) temperature reaches the required sterility temperature.
4.17.—Sterility time (Tiempo de esterilidad): Time that elapses from the moment the sterilization temperature (temperatura de esterilización) is reached until the moment cooling begins.
4.18.—Scheduled process (Tratamiento programado): The thermal processing (tratamiento térmico) chosen by the processor for a given product and a suitable container to achieve at least commercial sterility.
4.19.—Thermal processing (Tratamiento térmico): Processing in which heat is applied to achieve commercial sterility. It is quantified in terms of time and temperature.
5.—Specifications and Requirements 5.1.—The water used for the commercial sterility process must be drinking water (agua potable).
5.2.—The thermal processing (tratamiento térmico) must guarantee the destruction and inactivation of pathogenic germs and all spores (esporas) of pathogenic microorganisms.
5.3.—The equipment for the thermal processing (tratamiento térmico) system must have devices for controlling and recording temperature, time, and pressure, which allow verification that the products have been subjected to an established thermal processing (tratamiento térmico), and must retain the graphs with identification, records, or data for each processing batch for at least one year after the established shelf life of the food.
5.4.—In the event of a deviation from the scheduled processes (tratamiento programado) for a batch, the establishment (establecimiento) must have the corresponding corrective actions and preventive measures according to the deviation.
5.5.—The personnel responsible for the thermal processes (tratamiento térmico) must be trained in the processes they perform.
5.6.—Routine commercial sterility tests must be performed to determine the presence of viable microorganisms.
5.7.—The establishment (establecimiento) must have an internal or external process authority (autoridad de proceso) that complies with the requirements of this Regulation.
5.8.—The company must have temperature distribution studies (estudio de distribución de temperatura) and heat penetration studies (estudio de penetración de calor), duly validated and performed by the process authority (autoridad de proceso), that guarantee the wholesomeness (inocuidad) of the canned foods (alimento en conserva).
5.9.—The equipment used in data collection and the temperature sensors must be calibrated and in good condition.
6.—Methods of Analysis. The methods of analysis to be used shall be:
- a)RTCA 67.50.04:08 Foods. Microbiological Criteria for Food Wholesomeness (Inocuidad de Alimentos) b) Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM), Chapter 21A.
7.—Verification. This Regulation shall be verified by the National Animal Health Service (Servicio Nacional de Salud Animal) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock, through the verification of establishments processing canned fishery products in compliance with the provisions of this Regulation, the legislation that attributes it, and the internal procedures established by SENASA.
8.—Concordance. This Regulation coincides in its essentials with the following regulations and recommendations:
8.1.—FDA Regulations 21 CFR Part 113.
8.2.—Temperature-Indicating Devices Thermally Processed Low-Acid Foods Packaged in Hermetically Sealed Containers.
8.3.—Thermally Processed Low-Acid Foods Packaged in Hermetically Sealed Containers.
9.—Bibliography.
9.1.—Costa Rica. Executive Decree No. 32368-MEIC-S Technical Regulation RTCR 385:2004 Canned Tuna and Bonito, published in La Gaceta No. 97 of May 20, 2005.
9.2.—Costa Rica. Executive Decree No. 37325-MEIC-MAG-MS, Inter-institutional Coordination Regulation for the Verification of Compliance with Technical Regulations on Food, published in La Gaceta No. 197 of October 11, 2012.
9.3.—Costa Rica. Executive Decree No. 32327-S, Regulation for the Quality of Drinking Water (Agua Potable), published in La Gaceta No. 84 of May 3, 2005.
9.4.—Recommended protocols for heat penetration studies (estudio de penetración de calor) and temperature distribution studies (estudio de distribución de temperatura) in commercial sterilization systems from the Institute For Thermal Processing Specialist (IFTPS), at the internet address http://www.iftps.org/protocols.html.