The Law on Trademarks and Other Distinctive Signs, No. 7978, of January 6, 2000, is amended as follows:
- a)A second paragraph is added to Article 1, the text of which shall read:
"Article 1.- Purpose [...)
It also develops the procedures required to guarantee the effective application of the commitments established in current international treaties, when necessary, in the absence of an express procedure therein, in all that does not oppose and is compatible with said treaties." b) The definition of "geographical indication" contained in Article 2 is amended. The text shall read:
"Article 2.- Definitions For the purposes of this Law, the following concepts are defined: [...]
Geographical indication: An indication that identifies a product as originating from the territory of a country, or a region or locality of that territory, when a given quality, reputation or other characteristic of the good is essentially attributable to its geographical origin. Any sign or combination of signs, in any form, may be capable of constituting a geographical indication.
[...]" c) The first paragraph of Article 3 is amended, the text of which shall read:
"Article 3.- Signs that may constitute a trademark Trademarks refer, in particular, to any sign or combination of signs capable of distinguishing goods or services; especially words or sets of words -including personal names-, letters, numbers, figurative elements, numerals, monograms, portraits, labels, shields, stamps, vignettes, borders, lines or stripes, combinations and arrangements of colors, as well as sounds.
Likewise, they may consist of the shape, presentation or packaging of the products, their containers or wrappings or the means or premises of sale of the corresponding products or services.
[...]" d) Subsections a), b), c), and subsection i) of Article 8 are amended.
The texts shall read:
"Article 8.- Trademarks inadmissible due to third-party rights.
No sign may be registered as a trademark when it affects any right of third parties, in the following cases, among others:
- a)If the sign is identical or similar to a trademark, a geographical indication or an appellation of origin, registered or in the process of registration by a third party from an earlier date, and distinguishes the same products or services or others related to these, which may cause confusion to the consumer public.
- b)If the use of the sign is likely to cause confusion, by being identical or similar to a trademark, a geographical indication or an appellation of origin, registered or in the process of registration by a third party from an earlier date, and distinguishes the same products or services or different products or services, but likely to be associated with those distinguished by the earlier trademark, geographical indication or appellation of origin.
- c)If the use of the sign is likely to confuse, by being identical or similar to a trademark, or a geographical indication or an appellation of origin used, from an earlier date, by a third party with a better right to obtain its registration, according to Article 17 of this Law, for the same products or services or different products or services, but likely to be associated with those distinguished by the respective trademark, geographical indication or appellation of origin, in use.
[...]
- i)If the sign constitutes a reproduction or imitation, total or partial, of a certification mark protected from an earlier date.
[...]
- e)Subsection h) of Article 8 is repealed.
- f)Subsection j) of Article 9 and the paragraph following said subsection are amended. The texts shall read:
"Article 9.- Application for registration The application for registration of a trademark shall be filed before the Industrial Property Registry and shall contain the following:
[...]
- j)Proof of the established fee.
Applicants may manage, before the Registry, by themselves, with the assistance of a lawyer and notary, or through a representative (mandatario). When a representative carries out procedures, they must submit the corresponding power of attorney, in accordance with the requirements of Article 82 bis of this Law. If said power of attorney is on file with the Industrial Property Registry, the trademark file, its name, and the application or registration number in which it is located must be indicated; the representative may act to the extent permitted by the originally authorized powers.
[...)" g) Subsection e) of Article 10 is amended, the text of which shall read:
"Article 10.- Admission for processing of the filed application The Industrial Property Registry shall assign a filing date and time to the registration application and shall admit it for processing, if it meets the following requirements:
[...]
- e)Attaches proof of total payment of the established fee." h) The fifth paragraph of Article 18 is repealed, the text of which shall read as follows:
"Article 18.- Resolution If one or more oppositions have been filed, they shall be resolved, together with the main matter of the application, in a single act and by means of a reasoned resolution.
When a total refusal of the requested registration is not justified or the opposition filed is limited and the coexistence of both trademarks is not likely to cause confusion, the registration may be granted only for some of the products or services indicated in the application, or granted with an express limitation for certain products or services.
The registration of a trademark shall not be refused due to the existence of an earlier registration if the defense provided for in the second paragraph of Article 39 of this Law is invoked and is well-founded.
If no opposition has been filed within the established period, the Industrial Property Registry shall proceed to register the trademark." i) The first paragraph of Article 25 and its subsection a) are amended. The texts shall read:
"Article 25.- Rights conferred by registration The owner of a registered manufacturing or commercial trademark shall enjoy the exclusive right to prevent, without their consent, third parties from using in the course of trade, identical or similar signs, including geographical indications and appellations of origin, for goods or services identical or similar to those registered for the trademark, when such use gives rise to a likelihood of confusion.
In the case of the use of an identical sign, including geographical indications and appellations of origin, for identical goods or services, the likelihood of confusion shall be presumed. Therefore, the registration of a trademark confers, on its owner or successors in title, the right to act against third parties who, without their consent, perform any of the following acts:
- a)Applying or affixing the trademark or an identical or similar distinctive sign on products or services for which the trademark was registered or on products, containers, wrappers, packaging or conditioning of those products related to the products or services for which the trademark was registered.
[...]
- j)The first and third paragraphs of Article 35 are amended, the texts of which shall read:
"Article 35.- Trademark use license The owner of the right over a registered trademark or one in the process of registration may grant a license to use it. The registration of said license is not a conditioning requirement for it to be valid, nor to assert any right of a trademark; nor for other purposes. However, said license may be registered for purposes of registry security and publicity. If the licensee decides to register their right, the requested entry shall accrue the fee established in Article 94 of this Law.
[...]
Together with the application for a trademark use license, the license documents signed by both parties, duly authenticated, must be filed. The documents specified in subsections b), c), g) and h) of Article 31 of this Law must also be filed.
[...]" k) The second and third paragraphs of Article 44 are amended, the texts of which shall read:
"Article 44.- Protection of well-known trademarks [...]
This Law recognizes for the owner of a well-known trademark, as this concept is defined in Joint Recommendation No. 833, of September 1999, of WIPO and the Assembly of the Paris Union, the right to prevent the undue exploitation of the notoriety of the mark, the lessening of its distinctive force or its commercial or advertising value, by third parties lacking rights. Ex officio or at the request of the interested party, the Industrial Property Registry may reject or cancel the registration and prohibit the use of a manufacturing or commercial trademark, or a service mark that constitutes the reproduction, imitation or translation of a well-known trademark, registered or not, and used for identical or similar goods, which is likely to create confusion.
The Industrial Property Registry shall not register as a trademark signs identical or similar to a well-known trademark, registered or not, to be applied to any good or service, when the use of the trademark by the registration applicant may create confusion or a risk of association with the goods or services of the person using that mark, constitutes an unfair may harm the interests of that person.
[...]
- l)The name of Chapter II of Title VIII is amended, which shall read as follows:
"TITLE VIII [...]
APPELLATIONS OF ORIGIN AND GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS" m) Articles 74 through 81 are amended, the texts of which shall read:
"Article 74.- Registration of appellations of origin and geographical indications The Industrial Property Registry shall maintain a registry of appellations of origin and geographical indications.
Appellations of origin and geographical indications, national or foreign, shall be registered at the request of one or several producers, manufacturers, or artisans who have their production or manufacturing establishment in the region or locality to which the appellation of origin or geographical indication corresponds, or at the request of a competent public authority.
In the case of homonymous geographical indications or appellations of origin, protection shall be granted to each one, subject to the provisions in the first paragraph of Article 71 of this Law. Its Regulations shall establish the conditions for differentiating the homonymous indications or appellations in question from each other, taking into account the need to ensure that the products concerned receive equitable treatment and that consumers are not misled."