For the purposes of this regulation, the following definitions and abbreviations are used when possible:
a. Processing (Mining processing or beneficiation of materials) (Beneficiado (minero o beneficio de materiales)): An industrial process, of a mechanical or chemical type, intended to physically or chemically improve mineral material in order to give it a mining economic value and adapt it to a specific market sector or to subsequent treatment processes for the generation of industrial products of commercial interest.
b. Rubble (Escombros): For the scope of this regulation, this shall be understood solely as the set of waste produced as a consequence of earthworks in a given geographical space and which have no mining economic value as a source of raw material for the generation of metallic or non-metallic mining products.
c. Mineral material (Material mineral): Natural material, composed of one or more minerals, coming from the rocks that make up the earth's crust or, failing that, from its alteration products due to chemical transformation processes by weathering or other phenomena of geological origin.
d. Earthworks (Movimiento de tierras): Corresponds to the set of actions carried out to temporarily or permanently modify the topography of a given geographical space, by mechanical or manual means, in which soil layers and, in certain cases, upper subsoil layers are mobilized. As a product of the activity, diverse materials from the earthworks are generated, including mineral materials, soil, and occasionally plant material. The earthworks activity may correspond to one of the first phases of the construction process or, failing that, to an isolated activity to topographically shape a terrain for its subsequent development. Earthworks related to the activity of soil preparation for the development of agricultural and livestock activities are not part of these activities.
e. Soil (Suelo): A natural or artificial geobiophysical medium that forms the uppermost part of the terrestrial surface, where plants take root. It originates from the alteration or weathering of subsoil rocks, or from the accumulation of material transported from another location. Its thickness can vary from a few centimeters to several meters. Its main and distinctive physical characteristic is that its components, where clay minerals are the most conspicuous, can be separated by simple and light mechanical actions (crumbling by hand, immersion in water and agitation, etc.). It may comprise several layers (humus, A, B, C), where the lower layer includes fragments of sound rock surrounded by alteration material (clays and other mineral components).
f. Subsoil (Subsuelo): Firm rock or unconsolidated rock formation in a sound, unaltered state, which may be located below the soil or exposed directly on the surface, and within which the biophysical processes necessary to sustain life micro- and macroscopically, as in the soil, do not occur. In the case of rocks themselves, they are distinguished because their mineral aggregates are linked together by strong and permanent cohesive forces, which can only be overcome by significant mechanical actions (hammers, machinery, explosives, and other similar means).