Pursuant to Articles 140 and 240 of Law Nº6227, General Law of Public Administration, dated 2 May 1978, and its amendments; Law Nº59, Law on the Creation and Organization of the National Geographic Institute, dated 4 July 1944, and its amendments; Law Nº8905, Amendment to Article 2 of Law N°5695, Creation of the National Registry, and its amendments, and amendment of Law N°59, Law on the Creation and Organization of the National Geographic Institute, of 4 July 1944, and its amendments, dated 7 December 2010; Law Nº6043, Law on the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone, of 2 March 1977, and its corresponding regulation; and Articles 2 and 3 of Law Nº5695, Law on the Creation of the National Registry, dated 28 May 1975, and its amendments.
1.- Whereas, pursuant to Law N°59, Law on the Creation and Organization of the National Geographic Institute, of 4 July 1944, and its amendments, the National Geographic Institute (IGN) is “the leading scientific and technical body for national cartography, responsible for preparing the official basic map and basic geographic description of the Republic of Costa Rica, for studies, research or work, and for developing national policies of a cartographic, geographic, geodetic, geophysical or similar nature related to those works, in order to support planning processes”; it is permanently constituted, on behalf of the State, as the official authority on geodetic matters and the spatial representation of the geography of the Republic of Costa Rica, and its authority extends to activities of any kind originating in the work entrusted to it.
2.- Whereas, by means of Law Nº8905, Amendment to Article 2 of Law N°5695, Creation of the National Registry, and its amendments, and amendment of Law N°59, Law on the Creation and Organization of the National Geographic Institute, of 4 July 1944, and its amendments, dated 07 December 2010, the IGN was established as a body of the National Registry, which shall enter into the contracts and agreements necessary for the performance of its functions.
3- Whereas georeferencing to the national coordinate system as a mechanism for delimiting the public zone of the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone (ZMT) makes it possible to correctly delimit the public zone for the purposes of preparing regulatory plans, approving cadastral survey plans, granting concessions in the Restricted Zone, and other coastal land-use planning matters.
4.- Whereas the IGN’s georeferenced digital information on the delimitation of the public zone of the ZMT is called the IGN’s Georeferenced Digital Geodatabase (GDG) for the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone.
5.- Whereas the IGN’s Georeferenced Digital Geodatabase (GDG) for the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone is technically based on the application of the regulations established by:
- a)Executive Decree N°7841-P, Regulation to Law No. 6043 on the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone, of 16 December 1977, and its amendments;
- b)Executive Decree N°33797-MJ-MOPT, Declaring CR05, linked to the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF2000) of the International Earth Rotation Service (IERS) for measurement epoch 2005.83, the official horizontal datum for Costa Rica, of 03 March 2007;
- c)Executive Decree N°36642-MP-MOPT-MINAET, Regulation on Specifications for Delimiting the Public Zone of the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone, of 28 June 2011;
- d)Executive Decree N°36786-MINAET, Manual for the Classification of Lands Dedicated to the Conservation of Natural Resources within the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone in Costa Rica, of 12 August 2011;
- e)Executive Decree Nº40962-MJP, Update of the Official Horizontal Geodetic Reference System for Costa Rica, of 24 January 2018;
- f)Executive Decree N°42760-MINAE, Technical Criteria for the Location, Identification, Classification and Delimitation of Wetland Ecosystems, of 07 March 2022; and
- g)Directive DIG-01-2025, Update of Information on the Public Zone of the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone with Respect to the CR-SIRGAS Horizontal Reference System for Measurement Epoch 2014.59, of 28 May 2025.
6.- Whereas, pursuant to Article 62 of Executive Decree N°7841-P, Regulation to the Law on the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone, of 16 December 1977, and its amendments, the IGN’s authority to delimit the public zone of the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone and to make that delimitation official by publication in the official gazette La Gaceta is recognized; Article 63 of Executive Decree N°7841-P provides that “The National Geographic Institute shall publish a notice in the official gazette for each portion of the maritime-terrestrial zone in which it has demarcated the public zone.” 7.- Whereas Executive Decree N°33797-MJ-MOPT, Declaring CR05, linked to the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF2000) of the International Earth Rotation Service (IERS) for measurement epoch 2005.83, the official horizontal datum for Costa Rica, of 30 March 2007, establishes, among other matters, the CR05 National Horizontal Reference Geodetic Network and its associated CRTM05 cartographic projection as the official system to which the coordinates of all geodetic, cartographic and cadastral work carried out in our country must refer.
Specifically, Article 11 provides: “The CR05 National Horizontal Reference Geodetic Network and the CRTM05 cartographic projection system shall constitute the sole official coordinate system for the Republic of Costa Rica, to which all surveys and cartographic and geodetic activities carried out in the National Territory by any public body, person or national or foreign private entity must be referenced…”; while Article 7 provides that “As cartographic data are produced in the new CRTM05 cartographic projection system, the National Geographic Institute shall publish through appropriate means the information that has been made official…” 8.- Whereas Executive Decree N°36642-MP-MOPT-MINAET, Regulation on Specifications for Delimiting the Public Zone of the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone, of 28 June 2011, provides in Article 18 that, to delimit the public zone of the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone, the IGN may use either of two methods of implementation set out in Articles 19 and 20: delimitation of the public zone of the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone by placing boundary markers and/or by digital georeferenced delimitation, in order to expedite delimitations and provide greater technical certainty to interested parties.
9.- Whereas Executive Decree Nº40962-MJP, Update of the Official Horizontal Geodetic Reference System for Costa Rica, of 24 January 2018, declares in Article 1 that “The official horizontal geodetic reference system for Costa Rica, known as CR05 and realized through the National Geodetic Network, changes its acronym to CRSIRGAS as the official horizontal reference system for the Republic of Costa Rica, linked to the International Terrestrial Reference Frame ITRF2008 (IGb08) for measurement epoch 2014.59; thereafter, changes and updates shall be governed by the new ITRF definitions implemented in the continental network of the Geocentric Reference System for the Americas (SIRGAS), called SIRGAS-CON”; while Article 2 provides that “The CRTM05 cartographic projection system shall remain official for the cartographic representation of the continental national territory, extended, for purposes of applying this cartographic projection, to the baseline of the territorial sea in the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, that baseline being defined in accordance with Articles 5, 6 and 7 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea as the starting point for calculating the maximum breadth of all the State of Costa Rica’s jurisdictional maritime areas.” In turn, Article 12 of the cited decree reinforces the application of the CRTM05 cartographic projection as the official national coordinate system to which references must be made in our country’s continental territory, providing that “The CRSIRGAS horizontal reference system and its associated CRTM05 cartographic projection for the continental territory extended to the territorial sea baseline, and the ‘Universal Transverse Mercator’ (UTM) cartographic projection, zones 16 and 17, for the jurisdictional marine and insular areas in the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, shall constitute the sole official coordinate system for the Republic of Costa Rica.
All surveys and cartographic and geodetic activities carried out in the national territory by any public body, person or national or foreign private entity undertaking or commissioning geodetic and cartographic work must be referenced to that system, helping to avoid public expenditure and, in turn, obtaining reliable, uniform and comparable geographic information that is generally useful and supports decision-making at the State’s various levels.” 10.- Whereas, by means of Directive DIG-01-2025, Update of Information on the Public Zone of the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone with Respect to the CR-SIRGAS Horizontal Reference System for Measurement Epoch 2014.59, of 28 May 2025, the information in the IGN’s Georeferenced Digital Geodatabase (GDG) for the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone was updated, transferring it from the CR05 horizontal reference system to the CR-SIRGAS horizontal reference system for measurement epoch 2014.59, with CRTM05 projection, as a mechanism for delimiting the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone.
11.- Whereas, in addition, Article 11 of Chapter I, General Provisions, of Law N°6043, Law on the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone, of 02 March 1977, and its amendments, provides that “The public zone also includes, whatever its extent, the area occupied by all mangroves on the continental and insular coasts and estuaries within the national territory.” 12.- Whereas Article 16 of Law N°7575, Ley Forestal, of 13 February 1996, and its amendments, provides that the Ministry of Environment and Energy (MINAE) shall demarcate on the ground the boundaries of the areas comprising the State’s Natural Heritage.
13.- Whereas Executive Decree N°36786-MINAET, Manual for the Classification of Lands Dedicated to the Conservation of Natural Resources within the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone in Costa Rica, of 12 August 2011, sets among its objectives: “To identify within the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone lands classified as forests, lands suitable for forestry (Class VII and VIII soils), and wetlands (mangroves, estuaries, tidal inlets, salt marshes, coastal lagoons, swamps, flooded forests and salt flats), so that they may be certified and incorporated as part of the State’s Natural Heritage (PNE).” 14.- Whereas Executive Decree N°36786-MINAET, in Section III—Competencies for Delimitation and Certification, provides that “The classification of lands within the ZMT shall be the responsibility of the Conservation Areas (AC) of the National System of Conservation Areas (SINAC) and duly accredited private professionals from the respective professional associations, who shall classify forests, lands suitable for forestry (Class VII and VIII soils), (mangroves, estuaries, tidal inlets, salt marshes, coastal lagoons, swamps, flooded forests and salt flats) and wetlands.
The validity of classification documents issued by private professionals shall be subject to approval by the AC with territorial jurisdiction. The SINAC ACs with jurisdiction over the ZMT shall also be responsible for verifying, inspecting, demarcating and certifying the lands of the State’s Natural Heritage and the protection zones.” The location and delimitation of areas of the State’s Natural Heritage within the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone must be carried out as part of the approval process for the Coastal Regulatory Plan (PRC), defined by Law 6043, since the Coastal Regulatory Plan is the land-use planning instrument that defines and locates all zones to be granted under concession within the ZMT and provides for its classification at the cadastral-plan level. Therefore, the Coastal Regulatory Plan must clearly and expressly identify the PNE areas so they are not counted in the total area to be granted under concession.” 15.-Whereas Executive Decree N°42760-MINAE, Technical Criteria for the Location, Identification, Classification and Delimitation of Wetland Ecosystems, of 07 March 2022, provides in Article 14 that: “Complementary technical considerations for mangroves.
The respective Conservation Area, together with the National Geographic Institute, shall verify in the field that a mangrove is present and proceed to delimit it, in accordance with each institution’s authority under the legal system. To identify a mangrove, the presence of trees of any species listed in Annex I to this decree shall be used as a criterion; estuaries and existing channels are also included in these ecosystems. The boundary is established up to the extent of the vegetation associated with this ecosystem, in accordance with Annex II to this decree. In addition, the provisions of Annex III to this decree, entitled ‘List of Flora by Wetland Type According to the Landscape Classification of Estuarine Wetlands and Saline Flooded Forests (mangroves),’ must be taken into account.” The mangrove delimitation process must necessarily include areas that are deteriorated or undergoing recovery. In addition, within its sphere of authority, the respective Conservation Area shall implement the measures necessary to promote that recovery.
16.- Whereas the IGN used the Digital Georeferenced Delimitation method to delimit the public zone of the ZMT corresponding to a section of the Barco Quebrado Estero mangrove, district 05º Sámara, canton 02º Nicoya, province 05º Guanacaste.
17.- Whereas the delimitation of the mangrove’s public zone of the ZMT was carried out by Área de Conservación Tempisque, as provided by the letters CARTA-SINAC-ACT-DR-0660-2025 of 29 April 2025, signed by Mr. Nelson Marín Mora, Director of Área de Conservación Tempisque; CARTA-SINAC-ACT-DR-1942-2025 of 19 December 2025, signed by Eng. Nelson Marín Mora, Director of Área de Conservación Tempisque; and the technical survey and delimitation report SINAC-ACT-DR-T-1928-2025 of 19 December 2025, prepared by Daniel Alonso Ruiz Meneses, Surveying Engineer at the Nicoya Regional Office, Área de Conservación Tempisque, with the technical support described in OFICIO-SINAC-ACT-OR-PC-1926-2025 of 18 December 2025, prepared by forestry engineer Mr. Iván Jiménez Morera, Regional Coordinator of the Prevention, Protection and Control Program of Área de Conservación Tempisque.
18.- Whereas, by means of official letter DIG-GDF-241-2026 of 07 September 2026, issued by the Surveying Subprocess of the Geodesy and Geophysics Department of the IGN of the National Registry, the technical review report for publication of the georeferenced delimitation of the public zone, DIG-GDF-019-2026 of 21 April 2026, was sent to the IGN Directorate concerning work carried out by the Nicoya Subregional Office of Área de Conservación Tempisque on delimiting the Barco Quebrado mangrove estuary, located at Playa Barco Quebrado. The delimitation carried out was technically endorsed for publication.
19.- Whereas Article 140 of Law N°6227, General Law of Public Administration, of 02 May 1978, and its amendments, provides that “an administrative act shall produce its effect after it has been communicated to the person concerned, except where it grants rights only, in which case it shall produce its effect from the time it is adopted.” This provision must necessarily be read together with paragraph 1 of Article 240 of the same body of law, which defines the appropriate means of communicating acts of a general nature by providing that: “General acts shall be communicated by publication and specific acts by notification.” COMMUNICATES:
First: That on 10 and 18 November 2025, officials of Área de Conservación Tempisque carried out fieldwork for the digital georeferenced delimitation, in the national coordinate system, of the public zone of a section of the mangrove estuary located at Playa Barco Quebrado, district 05º Sámara, canton 02º Nicoya, province 05º Guanacaste.
Second: The IGN publishes the digital georeferenced delimitation of the public zone at 11 points describing a section of the Barco Quebrado mangrove estuary, district 05º Sámara, canton 02º Nicoya, province 05º Guanacaste, based on the Regulation on Specifications for Delimiting the Public Zone of the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone and the method used and validated by Área de Conservación Tempisque (SINAC-ACT).
Third: The delimited public zone corresponds to a section of the Barco Quebrado mangrove estuary, district 05º Sámara, canton 02º Nicoya, province 05º Guanacaste, in accordance with official letters DIG-GDF-019-2026-PU-INF—Review of the Delimitation of the Barco Quebrado Mangrove Estuary, issued by the Surveying Subprocess of the Geodesy and Geophysics Department of the National Geographic Institute, dated 21 April 2026; and SINAC-ACT-DR-T-1928-2025 of 19 December 2025, OFICIO-SINAC-ACT-OR-PC-1926-2025 of 18 December 2025, CARTA-SINAC-ACT-DR-0660-2025 of 29 April 2025, and CARTA-SINAC-ACT-DR-1942-2025 of 19 December 2025, from Área de Conservación Tempisque (SINAC-ACT).
Fourth: Of the 20 boundary markers delimiting the mangrove, the following were removed because they were located in the public zone: BQ01, BQ02, BQ03, BQ04, BQ05, BQ06, BQ018, BQ19 and BQ20, leaving a total of 11 boundary markers.
Fifth: The public zone of the ZMT corresponding to a section of the Barco Quebrado mangrove estuary, district 05º Sámara, canton 02º Nicoya, province 05º Guanacaste, corresponds to the following coordinates in Costa Rica’s official cartographic projection system CRTM05 and its update from the CR05 to the CR-SIRGAS horizontal reference system:
DELIMITATION OF THE PUBLIC ZONE OF THE MARITIME-TERRESTRIAL ZONE CORRESPONDING TO A SECTION OF THE BARCO QUEBRADO MANGROVE ESTUARY, DISTRICT 05º SÁMARA
| Point | CR05/CRTM05 | CR-SIRGAS/CRTM05 |
|---|---|---|
| North (m) | East (m) | |
| BQ28 | 1094120,0800 | 324590,2490 |
| BQ29 | 1094122,6660 | 324585,1310 |
| BQ30 | 1094142,5080 | 324552,8390 |
| BQ31 | 1094175,7290 | 324527,7110 |
| BQ32 | 1094165,8660 | 324521,0120 |
| BQ33 | 1094154,6230 | 324514,1600 |
| BQ34 | 1094151,2830 | 324516,4200 |
| BQ35 | 1094135,1970 | 324509,3400 |
| BQ36 | 1094122,1070 | 324486,9400 |
| BQ37 | 1094105,0930 | 324485,5710 |
| BQ38 | 1094096,6460 | 324491,7140 |
| Point | CR05/CRTM05 | CR-SIRGAS/CRTM05 |
|---|---|---|
| North (m) | East (m) | |
| BQ28 | 1094119,9972 | 324590,2655 |
| BQ29 | 1094122,5832 | 324585,1475 |
| BQ30 | 1094142,4252 | 324552,8555 |
| BQ31 | 1094175,6462 | 324527,7274 |
| BQ32 | 1094165,7832 | 324521,0284 |
| BQ33 | 1094154,5402 | 324514,1764 |
| BQ34 | 1094151,2002 | 324516,4365 |
| BQ35 | 1094135,1142 | 324509,3565 |
| BQ36 | 1094122,0242 | 324486,9565 |
| BQ37 | 1094105,0102 | 324485,5875 |
| BQ38 | 1094096,5632 | 324491,7305 |
Sixth: Sectors located in district 05º Sámara, canton 02º Nicoya, province 05º Guanacaste, that as of today have an official delimitation of the public zone of the ZMT by placement of boundary markers and corresponding publication in the official gazette La Gaceta retain their official status.
Seventh: The official technical data for the digital georeferenced delimitation of the public zone of the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone of the Barco Quebrado mangrove estuary, district 05º Sámara, canton 02º Nicoya, province 05º Guanacaste, have been recorded in the National Geographic Institute’s (IGN) Georeferenced Digital Geodatabase (GDG) for the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone (ZMT), in a vector shape-format file under the code: ZONA PUBLICA_ mojones.
Eighth: This takes effect upon publication.
Issued in Curridabat, San José, 09 September 2026.
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