For all purposes of this regulation, the following shall be understood by:
Seed capital (Capital semilla): Refers to a type of initial financing granted to help entrepreneurs and small businesses start their productive projects. This capital is fundamental in the early stages of a business's development, where it may be difficult to obtain traditional loans due to the lack of credit history or guarantees.
Administrative collection (Cobro administrativo): These are the actions developed by the responsible institution or any public or private entity authorized by the creditor in order to recover the granted credit.
Judicial collection (Cobro judicial): Action carried out by filing an executive lawsuit before a jurisdictional body to coercively collect an obligation.
Monitoring committee (Comité de seguimiento): Formed by professionals from the Directorate of Forestry Promotion (Dirección de Fomento Forestal) and the Directorate of Marketing and Commercialization (Dirección de Mercadeo y Comercialización), responsible for supervising and evaluating compliance with credit payments and the execution of projects that were approved and financed with FOINDES and FNV resources, in order to guarantee the correct use of the resources.
Evaluation committee (Comité evaluador): Formed by professionals from the Directorate of Forestry Promotion and the Directorate of Marketing and Commercialization, responsible for executing different processes related to credit management, the evaluation of projects and credit subjects, issuing an opinion on the approval of credits, seed fund (fondo semilla), and granting of endorsements.
Second-tier credit (Crédito de segundo piso, CSP): It is a line of financing that the FNV can grant to consolidated intermediary organizations, with proven experience in loan portfolio management, so that they place resources among final borrowers in accordance with the objectives of the FNV.
Disbursements in installments (Desembolsos en tractos): Delivery of money from a loan or a financial contribution in several partial items, following a schedule or the fulfillment of specific milestones.
Entrepreneur (Emprendedor): Person who starts and develops an economic activity or their own business, assuming financial and administrative risks; and who requires resources to start, develop, and strengthen their productive processes.
Endorsement fund (Fondo de avales): Financial instrument that offers partial guarantees with the aim of facilitating access to credit for people or companies that do not have traditional guarantees.
Guarantee (Garantía): Good or commitment offered as collateral to ensure compliance with an obligation, especially in credit operations.
IBAN: International Bank Account Number. Standardized international code to identify bank accounts globally, which facilitates transfers between countries with security and precision.
Non-compliance (Incumplimiento): Failure to execute an agreed obligation, such as non-payment of an installment or failure to comply with the investment plan, on the established date according to the credit contract.
Promissory note (Pagaré): Document that constitutes a security regulated by the Commercial Code, through which a person undertakes to pay, in favor of another, a determined sum of money on a specific date under certain conditions.
Grace period (Período de gracia): Period granted to the borrower of a credit during which they are not obliged to pay principal and, in some cases, neither interest.
Borrower (Persona prestataria): It is the person who requests a loan and accesses an amount with the requirement that they return it under certain conditions.
Investment plan (Plan de inversión): Document that details how the granted financial resources (such as a credit) will be used, including a schedule, costs, and expected objectives.
Sustainable practices (Prácticas sostenibles): These are actions and strategies that seek to minimize the negative impact on the environment, promote the responsible use of resources, and foster social and economic well-being.
Financial viability (Viabilidad financiera): It is the capacity of the project to sustain itself economically and generate the necessary resources to: cover all its investments and operational costs (capital, labor, inputs, maintenance); pay its financial obligations (interest, debt amortization); provide the expected profitability to investors or borrowers within a reasonable timeframe.
Technical viability (Viabilidad técnica): Analysis that determines if a project can be implemented with the resources, knowledge, technologies, and conditions available.
Interest rates (Tasas de interés): Percentage that a financial entity charges or pays for the use of money lent or deposited, generally expressed in annual terms.
GENERAL PROVISIONS OF CREDITS