For the purposes of this law, the following shall be understood as:
1. Accreditation: third-party attestation related to a conformity assessment body that conveys formal demonstration of its competence, its impartiality, and its consistent operation when carrying out specific conformity assessment activities.
2. Economic agent: any individual, de facto or de jure entity, public or private, participating in any form of economic activity, as buyer, seller, offeror, or demander of goods or services, on their own behalf or on behalf of a third party, regardless of whether they are imported or national, or whether they have been produced or provided by them or by a third party.
3. National market surveillance authorities: refers to the public institutions or entities with legal competence and responsibility for exercising market surveillance within the national territory.
4. BIPM: International Bureau of Weights and Measures.
5. Calibration: operation that under specified conditions establishes, in a first step, a relationship between the quantity values with their associated measurement uncertainties obtained from the measurement standards and the corresponding indications with their associated uncertainties and, in a second step, uses this information to establish a relationship to obtain a measurement result from an indication.
6. Quality: degree to which a set of inherent characteristics of a product, process, or service fulfills the requirements or satisfies the needs of the interested parties.
7. Calibration and Measurement Capabilities (CMC's): calibration and measurement capability available to customers under normal conditions.
8. Certification: third-party attestation related to an object of conformity assessment, with the exception of accreditation.
9. Codex Alimentarius: collection of internationally accepted food standards and related texts presented in a uniform manner. The purpose of these standards is to protect the consumer's health and ensure the application of fair practices in the international food trade.
10. Conac: National Council for Quality.
11. Conart: National Council for Technical Regulation.
12. Consumer: any individual or de facto or de jure entity that, as the final recipient, acquires, enjoys, or uses the goods or services, or receives information or proposals for them. Also considered a consumer is the small industrialist or artisan who acquires finished products or inputs to integrate them into the processes for producing, transforming, marketing, or providing services to third parties.
13. ECA: Costa Rican Accreditation Entity.
14. ENN: National Standardization Entity.
15. Testing: determination of one or more characteristics of an object of conformity assessment, according to a procedure. Conformity assessment: demonstration that specified requirements are fulfilled.
The specified requirements may be established in normative documents such as regulations, standards, and technical specifications. They include, but are not limited to: testing, analysis, calibration, inspection, certification of management systems, persons, products, processes, and services, provision of proficiency testing, production of reference materials, validation, and verification.
16. Food safety: the guarantee that food will not cause harm to the consumer when consumed, in accordance with its intended use.
17. Inspection: examination of an object of conformity assessment and determination of its conformity with detailed requirements or, based on professional judgment, with general requirements.
18. Lacomet: Costa Rican Metrology Laboratory.
19. Designated laboratories: laboratories designated by Lacomet in measurement and calibration quantities and scopes, responsible for maintaining the national measurement standards and disseminating SI units at the national level, to provide metrological traceability.
20. Secondary laboratories: set of calibration and testing service providers that, in the traceability chain, acquire their references to the International System SI.
21. Quantity: property of a phenomenon, body, or substance, which can be expressed quantitatively by a number and a reference.
22. Market: commercial establishment, physical or virtual, where products are found available for distribution, wholesale or retail marketing.
23. Metrology: science of measurements and its applications. Metrology includes all theoretical and practical aspects of measurements, whatever their measurement uncertainty and field of application.
24. Standardization: activity whose purpose is to establish, in the face of real or potential problems, provisions intended for common and repeated use, in order to obtain an optimal level of order in a given context.
25. Legitimate objectives: are the imperatives of national security; the prevention of deceptive practices; the protection of human health or safety, of animal or plant life or health, or of the environment.
26. Technical barriers to trade: barriers to international trade created through a standard, a technical regulation, or a conformity assessment procedure that does not seek to protect legitimate objectives.
27. OIML: International Organization of Legal Metrology.
28. Technical regulation: document that establishes the characteristics of a product or the processes and production methods related thereto, including the applicable administrative provisions, and whose observance is mandatory. It may also include prescriptions regarding terminology, symbols, packaging, marking, or labeling applicable to a product, process, or production method, or deal exclusively with them. Contrary to voluntary standards, technical regulations are established by governments and are of mandatory observance.
29. National Metrology Service: network of calibration and testing service providers, including Lacomet and accredited secondary laboratories, aimed at disseminating the quantities of the International System SI.
30. National Quality System (SNC): set of public and private entities and their interrelationships, responsible for managing, administering, and coordinating all processes and procedures associated, directly or indirectly, with the promotion of quality and conformity assessment.
31. Market surveillance: power granted by law to execute activities and adopt measures by market surveillance authorities, to ensure that products comply with the requirements established in technical regulations or do not pose a risk to health and safety or to other matters related to the protection of the public interest.
32. Recognition of the equivalence of accreditation (recognized by ECA): recognition made by ECA of the validity and equivalence of an accreditation certificate issued by an accreditation body other than ECA, which has international recognition.