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Res. 00181-2020 Tribunal Contencioso Administrativo · Tribunal Contencioso Administrativo · 15/04/2020
OutcomeResultado
The precautionary measure is denied because the danger in delay and the seriousness of the harm were not proven, with the public interest prevailing over the private one.Se rechaza la medida cautelar por no acreditarse el peligro en la demora ni la gravedad del daño, prevaleciendo el interés público sobre el particular.
SummaryResumen
The Administrative Appeals Court denied the precautionary measure requested by Agropecuaria Milla Veinticinco S.A. against CONAVI, the State, China Harbour Engineering Company (CHEC), and CACISA, in relation to the expansion of National Route 32. The company claimed damages to its property from the works: destruction of perimeter fences, damage to internal roads, and drainage issues flooding African palm crops and endangering cattle. It sought to suspend works along its property and, subsidiarily, order immediate repairs. The Court analyzed the requirements for a precautionary measure under Articles 21 and 22 of the Administrative Disputes Code. While acknowledging the claim was not frivolous (fumus boni iuris), it found the danger in delay (periculum in mora) was not proven. The claimant failed to provide sufficient evidence of serious, actual, or potential harm: alleged economic losses lacked documentary support, and reported fence and drainage issues were addressed per technical reports. Mere allegations are insufficient; the burden of proof lies with the applicant. Furthermore, the public interest of the nationally declared road project outweighs the unsubstantiated private interest. The measure was denied in full, without costs.El Tribunal Contencioso Administrativo rechaza la medida cautelar solicitada por Agropecuaria Milla Veinticinco S.A. contra el CONAVI, el Estado, China Harbour Engineering Company (CHEC) y CACISA, en el marco de la ampliación de la Ruta Nacional 32. La empresa alegaba daños en su propiedad derivados de las obras: destrucción de cercas perimetrales, afectación de caminos internos y problemas de drenaje que anegaban cultivos de palma africana y ponían en riesgo su ganado. Solicitaba suspender las obras en el tramo de sus fincas y, subsidiariamente, ordenar reparaciones inmediatas. El Tribunal analiza los presupuestos de la medida cautelar conforme a los artículos 21 y 22 del Código Procesal Contencioso Administrativo. Si bien reconoce que la demanda no carece de seriedad (fumus boni iuris), considera que no se acreditó el peligro en la demora (periculum in mora). La parte actora no aportó prueba suficiente del daño grave, actual o potencial: las pérdidas económicas alegadas no están respaldadas documentalmente, y las presuntas afectaciones a cercas y drenajes fueron atendidas según informes técnicos. La simple afirmación de los perjuicios no basta; la carga probatoria recae en el solicitante. Además, el interés público de la obra vial, declarada de conveniencia nacional, prevalece sobre el interés particular no demostrado. Se rechaza la medida en todos sus extremos sin condena en costas.
Key excerptExtracto clave
Regarding the danger in delay: In the legal situation of the applicant, it must be said that this element is not met. (...) The claimant, from the very day it filed this precautionary motion—which, by the way, it requested be granted 'IMMEDIATELY'—relies on damages allegedly being caused to its property, to the African palm production which it claims takes place on one hundred hectares of its farm, and to the cattle which it says consists of 200 head. Based on the above, it must be clear that the evidence provided in these proceedings is intended to fully prove the party's assertions, as established in Article 41 of the Civil Procedure Code, applicable to this matter by provision of Article 220 of the Administrative Disputes Code. (...) This Court might presume that everything narrated by the claimant could entail a series of inconveniences, but each case must be analyzed independently, and the burden of proof lies with the party seeking this type of relief; the Court is not required to speculate. (...) Since the necessary, relevant, and conclusive evidence is not in the record, the arguments of the petitioner are insufficient.En cuanto al peligro en la demora: En la situación jurídica en que se encuentra la parte promovente, debe decirse que este elemento no se cumple. (...) El actor desde el mismo día en que interpuso esta gestión cautelar -que de paso está en indicar la solicitó para ser concedida de forma "INMEDIATA"- ampara en los daños que se le estaban causando a su propiedad, a la producción de palma africana que según cita su producción se da en cien hectáreas de su finca; así como al ganado que según informa se compone de 200 cabezas. Partiendo de lo anterior se deberá tener claridad que la prueba que se aporta a este tipo de procesos, es con la finalidad de probar a cabalidad el dicho de la parte, conforme lo establece el numeral 41 del Código Procesal Civil de aplicación a la materia por disposición del artículo 220 del Código Procesal Contencioso Administrativo. (...) Este Tribunal podría presumir que todo lo narrado por la representación actora, podría acarrear toda una serie de inconvenientes, pero cada caso se deberá analizar de forma independiente y corresponderá a quien acude a este tipo de gestiones el probar, donde el Tribunal no está obligado a suponer. (...) Al no constar en el expediente la prueba necesaria, pertinente y contundente, resulta insuficiente los argumentos de quien gestiona.
Pull quotesCitas destacadas
"No basta con alegar la existencia del daño o perjuicio, sino que debe probarse, lo cual como se refirió, es una carga procesal que asume la parte interesada."
"It is not enough to allege the existence of damage or harm; it must be proven, which, as stated, is a procedural burden assumed by the interested party."
Considerando VIII
"No basta con alegar la existencia del daño o perjuicio, sino que debe probarse, lo cual como se refirió, es una carga procesal que asume la parte interesada."
Considerando VIII
"Al no verse demostrado la existencia de un daño grave, no puede más que concluirse que el interés particular debe de ceder ante el interés público."
"Since the existence of serious harm has not been demonstrated, the only possible conclusion is that the private interest must yield to the public interest."
Considerando VIII
"Al no verse demostrado la existencia de un daño grave, no puede más que concluirse que el interés particular debe de ceder ante el interés público."
Considerando VIII
"Este Tribunal podría presumir que todo lo narrado por la representación actora, podría acarrear toda una serie de inconvenientes, pero cada caso se deberá analizar de forma independiente y corresponderá a quien acude a este tipo de gestiones el probar, donde el Tribunal no está obligado a suponer."
"This Court might presume that everything narrated by the claimant could entail a series of inconveniences, but each case must be analyzed independently, and the burden of proof lies with the party seeking this type of relief; the Court is not required to speculate."
Considerando VIII
"Este Tribunal podría presumir que todo lo narrado por la representación actora, podría acarrear toda una serie de inconvenientes, pero cada caso se deberá analizar de forma independiente y corresponderá a quien acude a este tipo de gestiones el probar, donde el Tribunal no está obligado a suponer."
Considerando VIII
Full documentDocumento completo
Contentious-Administrative Court Case File: 20-000601-1027-CA Type of Matter: Precautionary measure ante causam Analyzed by: CENTRO DE INFORMACIÓN JURISPRUDENCIAL Type of Content: Majority Vote Topics (descriptors): Precautionary measures in the contentious-administrative process Subtopics: Analysis of their prerequisites and structural characteristics. Rulings in the same sense CONTENTIOUS-ADMINISTRATIVE COURT Central 2545-0003. Fax 2545-0033. Email ...01 Second Judicial Circuit of San José, Annex A (Former Motorola Building) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CASE FILE: 20-000601-1027-CA.
PROCESS: PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE ANTE CAUSAM.
MOVING PARTY: AGROPECUARIA MILLA VEINTICINCO S.A DEFENDANTS: EL CONSEJO NACIONAL DE VIALIDAD (CONAVI), EL ESTADO, CHINA HARBOUR ENGINEERING COMPANY DE COSTA RICA SOCIEDAD ANÓNIMA and COMPAÑÍA ASESORA DE CONSTRUCCIÓN E INGENIERÍA CACISA SOCIEDAD ANÓNIMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ N°181-2020-T CONTENTIOUS-ADMINISTRATIVE COURT OF THE SECOND JUDICIAL CIRCUIT OF SAN JOSÉ - ANNEX A - Goicoechea, at nine hours ten minutes on the fifteenth day of April of the year two thousand twenty.- Precautionary measure (medida cautelar) filed by the representation of the company named AGROPECUARIA MILLA VEINTICINCO S.A against the CONSEJO NACIONAL DE VIALIDAD (CONAVI), EL ESTADO, CHINA HARBOUR ENGINEERING COMPANY DE COSTA RICA SOCIEDAD ANÓNIMA and COMPAÑÍA ASESORA DE CONSTRUCCIÓN E INGENIERÍA CACISA SOCIEDAD ANÓNIMA.-
WHEREAS:
I) THE PURPOSE OF THIS PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE IS AS FOLLOWS: The representation of the plaintiff company seeks what is transcribed literally below: "PETITION By virtue of all the foregoing, I request that the following precautionary measure be decreed, with the following being the principal claim: 1. Order CONAVI, Nombre22873 and CACISA to an obligation TO REFRAIN FROM DOING (NO HACER) and therefore to suspend any (sic) expansion on the national route 32 specifically along the properties of my represented party. As a subsidiary claim, I request: 1. Order CONAVI, (CHEC and CACISA) the immediate repair of the perimeter fence and the corresponding access points to the property of my represented party in identical conditions to those existing before the damages caused. Regarding the drainage, the immediate rectification thereof to prevent damage to the property." (see precautionary filing submitted on 01/31/2020).- II) By means of the resolution issued at sixteen hours thirty-five minutes on the thirty-first day of January of the year two thousand twenty, this Court decided to reject the precautionary measure on an extremely provisional basis and opted to grant a hearing to the defendant parties (see resolution of 01/31/2020).
III) By means of the filing submitted on the tenth day of February of this year, the representation of the Consejo Nacional de Vialidad (CONAVI), responded negatively to the precautionary request and requested its rejection. (see filing submitted on 02/10/2020).- IV) By means of the filing dated the thirteenth of February of the current year, the representation of the company named CHINA HARBOUR ENGINEERING COMPANY DE COSTA RICA, SOCIEDAD ANÓNIMA (Nombre22873), answered negatively to this precautionary request and, among its claims, requested the joinder to the Litis with respect to the State, and a counter-security or guarantee in the event of its granting (see filing submitted on 02/13/2020).- V) By means of the resolution issued at nine hours and three minutes on the twenty-sixth of February of two thousand twenty, this Court proceeded to grant a hearing regarding the joinder to the Litis with respect to the State, requested in due course by the representation of the company China Harbour Engineering Company de Costa Rica S.A (see resolution issued on 02/26/2020).- VI) By means of resolution number N°138-2020-T issued at eleven hours twenty minutes on the nineteenth day of March of the year two thousand twenty, this Court ordered the joinder to the Litis with respect to the State representation. (see resolution number 138-2020-T).
VII) By means of the filing dated the eighth of April of the current year, the State representation answers negatively to this precautionary request, requesting that it be declared without merit in all its aspects (see filing dated 04/08/2020).- VIII) The legal prescriptions have been observed in the proceedings, and no defects or omissions are observed that could invalidate what has been done, or could cause defenselessness for any of the parties.-
CONSIDERING
I) WITH REGARD TO THE TESTIMONIAL EVIDENCE AND JUDICIAL INSPECTION OFFERED BY THE PLAINTIFF PARTY: Within its evidentiary material, the representation of the plaintiff company offers the testimony of Nombre22874, who is reportedly an Industrial Engineer, in order to testify about all the facts of this precautionary request. Based on that and according to what was narrated by the representation of the plaintiff company, receiving her testimony under the offered terms is clearly inappropriate—at least at this procedural stage—since the posture of the plaintiff party has been evidenced precisely throughout the facts narrated in its precautionary request. For this Court, the posture of the plaintiff party regarding the constructive events of the work that is apparently affecting its property and, consequently, the damages it claims, has been more than evident; which is a faithful reflection that the witnesses proposed generically regarding all the facts would touch upon substantive situations that are premature to address at this procedural stage and, as such, inappropriate. The narration of the facts by the plaintiff representation entirely touches upon aspects of the merits of the matter, and with the testimonial evidence offered, it is obvious that what is intended is precisely to shelter and support, through that evidence, the actions and alleged damages claimed in the administrative venue and now challenged in the jurisdictional venue; this being, as indicated, an issue of the merits, for analysis and resolution in other stages of the main process and not through this precautionary request. Therefore, the testimonial evidence offered under the indicated terms is rejected. With respect to the Judicial Inspection: It reports that the purpose of this offer is to verify the damages caused by the defendants on its property. Now, based on that, we cannot ignore that precautionary measures (medidas cautelares), due to the instrumentality they enjoy with respect to the main cause, would not gain anything for the plaintiff party by determining in advance that damage exists, since, precautionarily, the production of such damage could not be attributed to one or all of the defendant parties, as this is an issue that must necessarily be established and determined in the main cause and not beforehand. This is the logical order of things, since if the responsibility for the claimed damage is attributed in advance to any of the defendant parties, what would be the point of discussing the merits of the matter. Under the terms in which the judicial inspection (reconocimiento judicial) has been offered, it appears that the intention is to have proof in advance of the production of the claimed damage—which is not even quantified with suitable evidentiary material—which, as we are in the presence of a precautionary measure, is untimely and premature, being an issue that, as already indicated, pertains to the merits, for analysis and resolution in other stages of the main process and not through this precautionary request, and for this reason it is rejected; without prejudice to it being requested by the plaintiff representation in the main cause, should its filing be decided.
II) WITH REGARD TO THE TESTIMONIAL EVIDENCE OFFERED BY THE REPRESENTATION OF THE CONSEJO NACIONAL DE VIALIDAD (CONAVI). Within the evidentiary material offered by the representation of the Consejo Nacional de Vialidad (CONAVI), it offers the testimony of Mr. Nombre22875, who is reportedly an engineer and Director of Roads of the RN32 Executing Unit. It is reported that his offer is so that he can address the scope of the project "Design, rehabilitation and expansion of National Route No. 32 Braulio Carillo Highway, Section intersection of National Route N°4 (Cruce a Sarapiquí)-Limón." Based on that, it must be kept in mind that the Consejo Nacional de Vialidad (CONAVI) is a defendant party in this matter, who, in the event of opposition to the plaintiff party's claims, must do so through the necessary and conclusive evidence for such purpose. In this case, there is total clarity about the project called "Design, rehabilitation and expansion of National Route No. 32 Braulio Carillo Highway, Section intersection of National Route N°4 (Cruce a Sarapiquí)-Limón"; which turns out to be an uncontested fact, a reason why his testimony is considered unnecessary, at least at this procedural stage, with the documentary evidence sent to the case file being sufficient for that purpose. That being said, the testimonial evidence offered under the terms suggested is rejected.
III) WITH REGARD TO THE TESTIMONIAL EVIDENCE OFFERED BY THE REPRESENTATION OF THE COMPANY NAMED CHINA HARBOUR ENGINEERING COMPANY DE COSTA RICA, SOCIEDAD ANÓNIMA (CHEC): Within the evidentiary material offered by the cited representation, the following testimonial evidence is located: Luis Yogseng León Villagra, who is reportedly an engineer, in order to address facts four, five, six, and seven. The testimony of Nombre22876, an engineer, is offered so that he will address facts four, five, six, and seven; as well as the testimony of Nombre22877, who is an Engineer, so that she will address fact three. With regard to the testimonial evidence offered by the representation of the company named China Harbour Engineering Company de Costa RICA, Sociedad Anónima (CHEC) and in the manner requested, it must be rejected. This representation resorts to testimonial evidence as a means of proof, with the express indication that its witnesses will address the THIRD fact with regard to Engineer Nombre22877; as well as the FOURTH, FIFTH, SIXTH and SEVENTH facts by its witnesses, Engineers Luis Yogseng León Villagra and Nombre22876. Now, from a review of the facts of the precautionary measure, for which the cited testimonies are offered, it is noted that the plaintiff party, in them, touches upon substantive aspects, appropriate to be analyzed in the main cause and not in advance. Now, if we refer to the response to those facts by the cited company, it is noted that it has expressed its position regarding them, maintaining a line of analysis that turns out to be more than evident, that these are issues that correspond to be analyzed, discussed, and resolved in other stages of the main process and not in a precautionary manner. For this Court, the posture of the co-defendant party is more than evident, which is a faithful reflection that the proposed witnesses would touch upon substantive situations that are premature to address at this procedural stage and, as such, are inappropriate. As indicated in the preceding sections, the narration of the facts by the representation of the plaintiff company entirely touches upon aspects of the merits of the matter, and in that same sense, the opposition expressed by the representation of the co-defendant company. Therefore, and without prejudice to its offering in the main cause, the testimonial evidence offered under the indicated terms is rejected.- IV) GENERALITIES FOR THE GRANTING OF A PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE. As has been developed by the Constitutional Chamber, precautionary justice responds to the need to guarantee the constitutional principle of prompt and fulfilled justice, by preserving the real conditions indispensable for the issuance and execution of the judgment. (Resolution 7190-1994, of 3:24 p.m. on December 6). In this same sense, Article 19 of the Código Procesal Contencioso Administrativo establishes that the purpose of establishing a precautionary measure is to protect and guarantee, provisionally, the object of the process and the effectiveness of the judgment. The doctrine has indicated that precautionary justice does not aim to declare a fact or a responsibility, nor to constitute a legal relationship, nor to execute a mandate and satisfy the right one holds without it being discussed, nor to settle a litigation, but rather to prevent the damages that the litigation may bring or that may derive from an abnormal situation (Gallegos Fedriani, Pablo. Las medidas cautelares contra la Administración Pública. 2 ed. Buenos Aires, Argentina: Ábaco, 2006). Having clarified the above, the judge, observing the provisions of Article 21 of the indicated procedural rule, must determine the appropriateness of a request for a precautionary measure, verifying in effect that the claim of the main proceedings is not reckless or, in a manifest way, lacking in seriousness, which constitutes a preliminary assessment of the merits to determine if, in the case in question, what doctrine and jurisprudence have called appearance of good law (apariencia de buen derecho) or fumus boni iuris exists. The rule under analysis also establishes the appropriateness of the precautionary measure when the execution or continuance of the conduct under process produces serious damages or injuries (graves daños o perjuicios), current or potential, a situation that has been defined in doctrine as periculum en mora or danger in delay (peligro en la demora), that is, that by virtue of the pathological delay of the judicial process, a current, real, and objective danger exists that serious damage will be generated to the moving party (Jinesta Lobo, Ernesto. Manual del Proceso Contencioso-Administrativo. 1 ed. San José, Costa Rica, Editorial Jurídica Continental, 2008). Under the same line of thought, Article 22 of the Código Procesal Contencioso Administrativo establishes the obligation of the judge to carry out, in light of the principle of proportionality, a balancing of the interests at stake (ponderación de los intereses en juego), that is, between the circumstances of the individual, on one hand, and the public interest and the interests of third parties that may be affected by the adoption of the precautionary measure, on the other. Additionally, and from the same Article 22 cited, it is required that the precautionary measure be instrumental and provisional. Based on the foregoing normative framework for analysis and the elements required for the estimation of a precautionary measure, the study of the specific case is carried out.
V) ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS TO ADMIT THE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE. In this regard, it has been said that for the fulfillment of precautionary protection (tutela cautelar), as a fundamental right derived from Article 41 of the Constitution, which is the right to obtain prompt and fulfilled justice, the jurisdictional body must assess for its effective materialization, in addition to the fulfillment of the prerequisites known in doctrine as Appearance of Good Law (Apariencia de Buen Derecho) (Fumus Boni Iuris), Danger in Delay (Peligro en la Demora) (Periculum in Mora), as well as the balancing of interests at stake, which will be detailed below, the verification of the presence or existence of what have come to be called structural characteristics of the precautionary measure. The foregoing refers to instrumentality, provisionality, urgency, and summaria cognitio or summary nature of the proceeding. Both the indicated prerequisites and the stated characteristics must be present for the granting of the measure that has been requested with the aim of protecting and guaranteeing, provisionally, the object of the process and the effectiveness of the judgment. Regarding the prerequisites necessary for the granting of the precautionary measure, we find the following: a) Appearance of Good Law: for the appropriateness of the precautionary measure, there must be "seriousness in the claim" (seriedad en la demanda), that is, a probability of success such that the claim does not appear, at first glance, manifestly lacking in seriousness, or in its case, reckless. For doctrine, it is nothing other than the probable subsequent estimation of the material right of the plaintiff in the judgment, through the analysis proper to a very summary process that in no way can or should determine a pronouncement on the merits of the matter raised, but rather, and instead, only an approximation to it with the elements present at the time of issuing the ruling that grants or denies the measure; b) Danger in Delay: consists of the objectively founded and reasonable fear that the substantial legal situation adduced will be seriously damaged or harmed in a grave and irreparable manner, during the course of the time necessary to issue a judgment in the main process. This prerequisite requires the presence of two elements: the grave damage or injury (daño o perjuicio grave) and the delay in the main proceedings (demora en el proceso de conocimiento), without neglecting, of course, that within this prerequisite is what doctrine has termed the "Bilateral Nature of Periculum in Mora" (Bilateralidad del Periculum in Mora) or as it is commonly known, the balancing of the interests at stake. The prerequisite alludes to the characteristic that the damages being reproached must be susceptible to occurring—currently or potentially—if the requested measure is not adopted. Damages that must be established as grave, in addition to being considered as derived from the situation adduced. The injuries alleged must at least be proven through the rational principle of evidence, so it is not enough to adduce the damage under said terms; rather, the circumstances must be accredited for it to be considered a damage and for it to be grave. Regarding the delay in the main proceedings: This prerequisite refers to the situation generated on the occasion of jurisdictional processes that require, for their development and subsequent completion, the performance of a series of acts through which not only due process is guaranteed but also the issuance of a ruling that, if it cannot be carried out promptly, should at least be fair. Putting an end to a main process demands time, and this is precisely where precautionary protection acquires special relevance, because while that decision on the case is pending, grave damages are being avoided, which, if they were to occur, would render the right being claimed nugatory. Regarding the bilateral nature of periculum in mora: Under this designation, reference is made to the balancing of the interests at stake, linked to the public interest that may be susceptible to needing protection, versus the interest of third parties and, of course, the interest of the person who resorts through a precautionary measure (persona que acude por medio de una medida cautelar). These must be comparatively assessed, with the denial of the measure being imposed when the harm suffered or susceptible to be produced to the community or third parties is greater than that which the applicant of the measure could experience.- VI) STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: As has been pointed out, in addition to the prerequisites already indicated, it is necessary that the measure to be adopted structurally possess the following characteristics: instrumentality, meaning that they maintain a marked relationship of accessory nature with the final judgment, since ultimately, they serve as an instrument to maintain the validity of the object of the process under the terms raised; provisionality, which is nothing other than that what is agreed upon regarding the precautionary measure will remain in effect and conditioned on what is resolved in the main process. It should be highlighted that it can also be ceased or modified at any time, given the variability of the conditions that originally gave rise to it, or else, adopt the one that was previously rejected, as established by Article 29 of the Código Procesal Contencioso Administrativo, so its effectiveness is exhausted at the time of issuing the judgment on the merits, or what is the same, its effects are subordinate to the provision adopted in the main process; the urgency to avoid the danger in delay, as well as the summaria cognitio, that is, that this type of measure is adopted by virtue of a very summary cognition carried out by the jurisdictional body without entering into prejudging the merits of the matter, which could in no way substitute the stages of the main process.- VII) REGARDING THE SPECIFIC CASE. Having studied the case records in light of the evidentiary elements and arguments outlined by the parties, this Office considers that the elements necessary to issue a precautionary measure in this matter in accordance with the requirements established in Articles 21 and 22 of the Código Procesal Contencioso Administrativo are not entirely present. The elements for its appropriateness are addressed below, let us see: For what is of interest for the resolution of this precautionary request, the representation of the company named AGROPECUARIA MILLA VEINTICINCO S.A indicates that this precautionary request is filed in accordance with Article 19 and subsequent concordant articles of the Código Procesal Contencioso Administrativo, with the aim of immediately suspending the remodeling works being carried out on the Dirección2552 specifically along the properties of its ownership, where it assures that damages are being caused. It adds that once the expansion works began, the company Nombre22873 directly but with the endorsement of the other two co-defendant entities, negotiated with its represented party access to an internal road within the property, a fact that occurred in the first months of 2018. It reports that the initial agreement agreed upon was for the use of a part of the land as a spoil tip also called a spoil bank (vertedero de escombros), this on a plot of approximately 9 hectares, with the condition that the maintenance of the road be carried out comprehensively by Nombre22873 with the supervision of CACISA and CONAVI, and also the payment of a fee per cubic meter of material deposited on the property of its represented party. It states that once the agreement was in execution, and due to the volume of both vehicle traffic and their weight, the road within its property suffered significant and substantial damage (daño importante y sustancial), which it assures was never repaired by the defendants. It assures that due to the magnitude of the damage caused to the internal road of the property and the non-repair thereof by the defendants, the nominal operation of the business was made impossible, which it reports consists of the extraction of the fruit of the palm from its plantations to be transported for sale. It reports that given the urgency of being able to normalize the commercial activity of the company, negotiations were made again with Nombre22873 and the endorsement of the other defendants, which was again breached, given that its represented party assumed the repair of the destroyed road and the defendants repaired other access points to the property, which it assures never happened. It adds that with the company Nombre22873 having breached the issue of the maintenance of the internal road of the property of its represented party, a series of actions were initiated, again on the initiative of its represented party, to reach an agreement to settle these serious problems caused unilaterally by the defendants. It states that Nombre22873 suddenly stopped using the second spoil tip. That at that moment, it justified such action indicating it was a temporary suspension, which was not true, given that it never used it again. This in spite of the constant and reiterated justifications that were always given as justification for their acts. It reports that this has led to a serious environmental problem since the formal closure of this material deposit has not been carried out. That coupled with the fact that to this day they continue to state that they will continue with the agreement, which leads to the land not being able to be used nor economic compensation received. It emphasizes that the activities carried out on the property correspond to the planting of palm for the extraction of the fruit and subsequent processing to obtain oil for human consumption and also to livestock farming as a complement to the previous commercial activity. That this is carried out with the product extracted from the properties of its represented party as well as from third parties, farmers in the area who bring the product to the property of its represented party for transport, specifically products from the Cooperativa Baby Coop RL. It assures that due to the type of commercial activity carried out, it is essential to have each and every one of the access points to the property in optimal conditions, both for the entry and exit of the tractor units with the trailers and other heavy vehicles that transport the palm fruit. It reports that at kilometer 118.400 (sic) and others within the properties, the company Nombre22873, in collusion with the other defendants, carried out earthworks (movimiento de tierra) leaving its represented party without access to the property; assuring that when this action was pointed out, the defendants carried out a supposed repair of the damage, without definitively correcting the problem, which resulted in no vehicle being able to access the property, significantly limiting the commercial operation, given that the transport of the palm fruit is impossible. It assures that within the same location of the property, the defendants, both by action and by omission, proceeded to seriously damage the perimeter fence of the property. That for a matter of logic, said fence delimits the boundaries of the property, prevents the livestock from leaving the property and proceeding to invade the Dirección92, which is a serious danger for motor vehicles and for pedestrians who travel daily and at all hours. This damage to the fence also occurs in the portion of the land that is located near the house and along the entire extension that runs parallel to the national route 32, where damage has occurred to the concrete posts that hold the fence. It assures that this exposes third persons to serious accidents and even fatal accidents in the event that the livestock leave the property lacking the fence that contains them. It states that the defendants, within the expansion works of National Route 32, specifically regarding the drainage works, built a culvert that drains the waters in a south-to-north direction under the main road located approximately at kilometer 121. That the level of the outfall of this culvert has been placed above the level that naturally existed before the works carried out by the defendants. It assures that said action has triggered, due to gravity, the water flooding the crops planted on the property of its represented party, given that the minimal slope of the land does not allow the new outfall to evacuate the waters and therefore they become stagnant on its property. The consideration of the representation of the plaintiff company is that as the owner of the immovable properties, it holds active legal standing (legitimación activa) for the filing of these precautionary measures. As well as being harmed in terms of the material damages resulting from the actions of the defendants, and the economic damages due to the problems in transporting the palm fruit, which entitles it to file the measures. It assures that with the documentary evidence it provides, which are the WhatsApp conversations with Mr. Nombre22875, the official in charge at CONAVI regarding the expansion of national route 32 and perfectly aware of all the problems that have arisen, given that he has accepted them on multiple occasions, it is conclusive in determining that indeed the first requirement, the seriousness of the claim (seriedad de la demanda), is present. It considers that the damages are real, both the issue of the culvert, the perimeter fence, and the obstruction of the roads, all carried out by the defendants in the exercise of the expansion of national route 32. As for the Danger in Delay (Peligro en la Demora), it states that it is appropriate when the actions, in this case the conduct of the administration by omission and those of the co-defendants, produce damages to its represented party. It assures that they are potential given that when the rainy season enters the area, the culvert, as it is built, will trigger a serious problem for the properties of its represented party, this coupled with the danger regarding the perimeter fences where the livestock is free-ranging, which could eventually cause a traffic accident of serious magnitudes. Current damages due to the fact that the closure of the roads has prevented the normal exercise of the economic activity that is the transport of palm fruit for processing. It states that on average 70 tons of fruit were processed per week, totaling 280 tons per month. That the price is $30 per ton, which amounts to $8400 per month that have ceased to be received for approximately 5 months since the roads were blocked.
Regarding the Balancing of Interests at Stake, it states that while it is true that there is an expansion of a national route of utmost importance for the Caribbean slope, there are more than 125 kilometers where the defendants can continue working on the expansion while the issue of the precautionary measure is discussed. Within its documentary evidentiary material, it provides the following, which is transcribed literally below, as follows: EVIDENCE Documentary 1. Special Power of Attorney. 2. Legal Status Certifications. 3. Series of photographs accrediting the damages caused. 4. Photographs showing the conversation with the CONAVI official in charge of the area subject to the precautionary measure. 5. Certification of ownership of my client's properties.
For its part, the representation of the CONSEJO NACIONAL DE VIALIDAD (CONAVI), regarding what is of interest, has stated the following: This project is developed with the main objective of road improvement, at the same time facilitating the transfer of products to and from the port of embarkation and disembarkation and the circulation of vehicles in less time along the 107.24 km between the Sarapiquí Intersection and Limón. It reports that the expansion and rehabilitation of national route No. 32 over more than 107 kilometers is a road work of national convenience and public interest; thus declared by the legislator in numeral 12 of Law No. Placa3763, it responds to a superior interest and human right of the people to have road infrastructure. Further on, it indicates that there is no evidence of the economic activities that the company allegedly carries out and that have allegedly suffered an economic loss, an aspect that it also understands must be discussed in the ordinary courts and not as the plaintiff intends through the precautionary measure. It adds that in the third fact of the filing of the precautionary measure request, as described by the plaintiff himself, the facts date back to 2018 and concern an alleged private agreement with Nombre22873 in which the plaintiff authorizes providing access to the interior of the property, paying a fee per cubic meter of material allegedly deposited on the plaintiff's property, a private agreement that the plaintiff does not provide and which, should this agreement exist and a supposed breach between the owner and CHEC effectively be configured, which is also not accredited, must be discussed in the civil courts. It is the consideration of CONAVI's representation that if the facts date from 2018, as determined by the plaintiff himself, the requirement of danger in delay is not met, and the absence of suitable evidence to infer the existence of serious injury to his legal sphere means the measure requested by the plaintiff does not conform to the law. It adds that there is also no evidence of the alleged environmental damage, which by competence corresponds to SETENA, and that proven environmental non-compliances, which the plaintiff fails to accredit, would have led to the closure of the site; not providing evidence thereof, the precautionary measure requested by the plaintiff is deemed inadmissible. It emphasizes that the spoil areas (escombreras) located at kilometers 119 and 121, outside the project for the expansion and rehabilitation of national route No. 32, their cost and definition are a private negotiation (private commercial relationship) and it is an exclusive and internal process of Nombre22873 to locate and define sites for spoil areas. Regarding drainage (drenajes), it affirms that these conform to the technical standard and cannot be distorted by the plaintiff's assessment that they generate flooding on his property. It highlights that the flooding problem in this sector is from years ago, caused among other factors by its topographical condition, location, and also by the courses of the Rivers and Creeks that exist in the area. It indicates that the residents have emphasized that for many years before the construction works for the expansion and rehabilitation of the road began, this has proven to be an area prone to flooding. Regarding the fences, it affirms that the repair of these elements was carried out, placing new concrete posts instead of the wooden posts that the property had. In the consideration of CONAVI's representation, evidence is provided that each of the plaintiff's concerns has been addressed. It emphasizes that the plaintiff cannot attempt, through this route, to force the Administration to intervene in the private agreement with Nombre22873 regarding the use of the spoil areas or to air in this route the alleged breach by CHEC, as this is a matter for the ordinary civil courts. It is the consideration of CONAVI's representation that the appearance of a good right (apariencia del buen derecho) is not configured, as the plaintiff alleges supposed environmental damages which are not configured, and therefore the appearance of a good right is not configured. Regarding the Danger in Delay (Peligro en la demora), it considers that in the present case this prerequisite is not configured because we are faced with a scenario where the interest of the community prevails over private interest. Regarding the Balancing of Interests at Stake, it asserts that from what the plaintiff seeks, it cannot be inferred that there is an intrinsic public interest, but rather it responds to a private interest which cannot yield to a public interest that seeks to have first-class road infrastructure, which constitutes a human right (fourth-generation rights). For the foregoing, it requests the rejection of the precautionary measure, considering that not all and each of the prerequisites for the granting of the precautionary measure are configured.
For its part, the representation of the company denominated CHINA HARBOUR ENGINEERING COMPANY DE COSTA RICA, SOCIEDAD ANÓNIMA (Nombre22873), regarding what is of interest, has stated the following: That it is true that Nombre22873 is carrying out a series of works in execution of Contract Ruta 32. That it is also true that Nombre22873 negotiated with Mr. Nombre22878, representative of the plaintiff, the use of a parcel on one of its lands to be used as a spoil area located at Dirección2682 (called spoil area 121). That it is also true that access to the parcel where spoil area 121 is located is via an internal road that existed at the time of the agreement with Mr. Nombre22878. It reports that the spoil area ceased to be used at the end of 2018 and will not continue to be used, so since that date the internal road providing access to the spoil area has not been used. It claims that the petitioner does not indicate who the author of the supposed damage is, does not explain what the supposed damage consists of, nor is there a causal link between the supposed damage and the effect on the supposed business the plaintiff has. That contrary to what the plaintiff stated, Nombre22873 maintained the internal road leading to spoil area 121 while it was in use. That throughout 2019 and so far in 2020, neither the internal road nor spoil area 121 has been used. It reports that all the culverts (alcantarillas) that are in front of the plaintiff's property existed since the construction of the Ruta 32 road. It points out and reminds that this is not the construction of a new road, but its expansion by adding two additional lanes, all in accordance with the approved designs; therefore, the work done was to extend the existing culvert toward the right-of-way area where the two additional lanes pass, so the water collected by this culvert follows the same course it followed before its expansion. Regarding the Danger in Delay and urgency, it notes that the statement of facts in the precautionary measure request is absolutely vague regarding the time when the supposed damages occurred as well as their supposed generating events. That as can be seen from the third fact of the filing brief, the starting point of the events is located in the first months of 2018, and it then asserts that the road suffered significant damages that were never repaired, and since then it states they could not operate normally. Subsequently, it asserts having negotiated a solution with Nombre22873 and that this was again breached. For the co-defendant's representation, despite this, the imprecision of the brief makes it impossible to conclude the temporal circumstances of the facts, a deficiency which, in its consideration, cannot be supplied by the opposing party or by the Court and which must cause the rejection of the request. It is the consideration of the co-defendant's representation that upon reading the complete document, it is clearly inferred that the material claim of the precautionary request is not of a provisional nature but definitive, because what the plaintiff narrates is that a series of commitments between Nombre22873 and the plaintiff have supposedly been breached, the duty to repair a fence, a road, and a culvert, as well as the supposed causing of economic damages and losses due to not being able to commercialize an undetermined quantity of fruit. That in the same sense, a series of photographs is provided without indicating when they were taken, and which, due to the undisturbed vegetation cover, demonstrate that there has been no recent circulation of machinery in the area. It affirms that in this case there is no proof of serious or potential damage, that no evidence is provided that could prove there is conduct attributable to its client that is generating or could generate serious damage; there is not even proof of what the damage consists of, that is, what the situation was before the supposed actions carried out by Nombre22873 and the supposed impairment caused to the assets indicated in the precautionary measure brief. Regarding the fence, it asserts that the supposed damage, its magnitude, and the exact location of the fence are not evidenced, nor is reference made to which actions of its client caused the supposed damage, nor is the supposed omission that could have caused it explained. Regarding the culvert, it states that the plaintiff speculates that it could flood during the rainy season, however, it does not provide any kind of technical proof that can corroborate that a flood danger exists, nor does it present evidence that this has already happened recurrently. It adds that as indicated in the response to the seventh fact, the watercourse is the same as it has always been. The nature and magnitude of the supposed environmental damage produced by the spoil area, which has not been used, is not specified either. Regarding the deterioration of the roads, it affirms that the nature of the damage, the reasons why they cannot be used, and how and when they were damaged are never indicated. It emphasizes that it is absolutely false that Nombre22873 has prevented or is preventing entry to the plaintiff's property, that its client has acted with total diligence and consideration when executing the construction works of the Dirección92 and has addressed the plaintiff's complaints with the best disposition to avoid conflicts. Regarding the losses from the impossibility of selling African palm, it considers this allegation unfounded as no proof is offered regarding the existence, quantity, and qualities of the fruits or of the commercial transactions frustrated by its client's supposed actions. Regarding the Balancing of Interests at Stake, it affirms that the plaintiff's claims are absolutely disproportionate because it seeks to paralyze a work that was declared of public interest and national convenience through Law No. 9293. It considers that paralyzing the works on the section where the plaintiff company's property is located and continuing the works along the other 125 kilometers is a simplistic justification and is not sufficient to conclude that there is a balance between public and private interest, but rather denotes a certain cynicism and a profound ignorance of the planning required by a public work of the magnitude of the Ruta 32 expansion. It asserts that paralyzing the construction of the road would affect the planning of CHEC, CONAVI, and MOPT with the financial consequences that would entail stopping a project financed by a credit facilitated by the Export-Import Bank of China, which would result in a delay in the delivery of a road fundamental for the commercial development of Costa Rica. It is the consideration of the co-defendant company's representation that it can be concluded that the claim argued by the plaintiff to suspend the execution of the Ruta 32 expansion works is absolutely disproportionate. Regarding the subsidiary claim, it considers that it seeks to prematurely obtain a definitive ruling, which, as such, must be aired in a plenary proceeding. It points out that precautionary protection safeguards the effectiveness of the judgment, however, this protection cannot be confused with an anticipation of definitive protection. It adds that if the plaintiff considers there is sufficient merit to claim the repair of the damages and losses it claims to have suffered, the appropriate course is to resort to the ordinary courts through a plenary proceeding in which it demonstrates the existence and amount of the supposed damages and demands their repair. However, attempting to obtain that protection through the precautionary route is a procedural abuse and as such must be rejected. It states that should the precautionary measure be granted (subsidiary claim), it requests that the applicant be ordered to deposit a bond (caución) equivalent to the cost of the works it intends for its client to perform in advance. It states that this would guarantee the compensation of the expenses incurred once the plaintiff's claim is declared without merit in the definitive proceeding.
For its part, the STATE representation, regarding what is of interest, has stated the following: the plaintiff company comes before this Court requesting, firstly, that the request for a precautionary measure be granted and with it the suspension of the expansion works of Dirección2683 in the section where its properties are located. It indicates that upon analyzing the present matter, it believes that in the case at hand, the prerequisites established in the Contentious Administrative Procedure Code for the adoption of the requested precautionary measure are not met. It considers, first, that the plaintiff fails to objectively and substantiatedly verify that there is an injury or serious damage to any legal situation and that this will worsen if the requested precautionary measure is not adopted. It adds that although photographs and outlines of text messages are provided along with the request, the truth is that it cannot be determined that this situation is actually and effectively affecting the economic activity indicated or the entry and, consequently, the free disposition, use, and enjoyment of the real estate in question. It considers that on this specific point, the total absence of proof allowing the determination of the existence of serious damage in the terms established in numeral 21 of the CPCA is evident. Regarding the Balancing of Interests at Stake, it points out that the construction works being carried out on National Route No. 32 correspond to a Project that has been declared of public interest and national convenience, as can be observed from numeral 12 of the Law Approving the Financing for the Rehabilitation and Extension Project of National Route No. 32, Law No. 9293, and therefore it must prevail over any other particular interest. That under this view, it believes that the claim for a precautionary measure at this time becomes disproportionate when weighed against the implications its eventual adoption could bring not only for the progress of this important project but also for the country's economy in general. It considers that the Appearance of a Good Right is not configured for two reasons: The first, because in its consideration it is evident through the technical report issued by CONAVI, UE-DRA-RN32-009-2020-0216 (688) dated February 2, 2020, that the grievances alleged by the promoting company regarding perimeter fences, access ways, and drainage have been duly addressed in accordance with what was previously agreed and in adherence to applicable technical standards, thereby detracting seriousness from what is raised in this precautionary request. And as a second point, it considers that regarding the subsidiary claim, the principles of instrumentality and accessory nature (accesoriedad) inherent to precautionary protection are breached, since the plaintiff seeks through this procedural route to obtain a pronouncement regarding a possible compensation for damages, this being a petition proper to another type of proceeding where cognition is plenary, not to the instance in which we find ourselves. For the foregoing, it requests that the precautionary measure requested by the plaintiff company be rejected in all its aspects, considering that the prerequisites established in the Contentious Administrative Procedure Code are not accredited.
Reference is also made to the production extracted from the farms of its represented party, as well as from third parties—farmers of the area who bring their product to the farm for transport—citing specifically products of the Cooperativa Baby Coop RL; of all the foregoing, there is no evidence to support the party’s statements and, as such, its assertions become subjective and not proper to be considered due to a violation of its duty to prove as is its obligation (Article 41 of the Civil Procedure Code). Now, the plaintiff claims damage for a future situation, such as the possible flooding when the rainy season arrives in the area, considering that the culvert as constructed will trigger a serious problem for the farms of its represented party. Whether this is actually true, one cannot lose sight of the fact that there is a technical report that addresses and endorses the drainage system, which, as indicated, conforms to the technical standard, and the only way to discredit it is not with the assertions or stance of the plaintiff, since with all consideration and respect its assertions and stance are insufficient to rebut the report rendered in the record, and in any case, if a damage occurs as it claims, it is a fully indemnifiable matter, clearly in the main claim and not beforehand. Now, damage is claimed regarding the damage to the perimeter fences, where it is asserted that the cattle are loose (a la libre), which could eventually cause a traffic accident of severe magnitude. Well, in the report identified as UE-DRA-RN32-009-2020-0216, it is indicated that the posts were repaired, and even new concrete posts were installed in place of the wooden posts that the property had. Well, from the plaintiff's stance on this section, properly regarding the damage, it would seem that it claims as if the perimeter fences did not exist in the place, by stating the following: " (...) this, coupled with the danger regarding the perimeter fences where the cattle are loose (a la libre), which could eventually cause a traffic accident of severe magnitude (...)." (bold and underlining is ours). However, a different situation has been evidenced, and that is that in the WhatsApp messages that the plaintiff itself contributed as evidence, it appears that the administration or the construction company did construct or repair them, only in a different place, which although a matter for the merits, evidences that at least the fences were constructed and this would in some way prevent the cattle from roaming "a la libre" (loose) as cited by the plaintiff. Let us see, to this effect, one of the WhatsApp messages contributed as evidence, in which the following was stated: " This is part of the fences that they tore up and placed (sic) where it seemed to them without authorization. 1:36 p.m." (bold and underlining is ours). In this matter, it has been evidenced that various statements of the plaintiff company exist, without any evidentiary support, and it is that given the lack of that evidentiary material, one cannot evidence the damage claimed, and even less can its magnitude be analyzed; thereby configuring a failure to comply with the duty to prove to which it is obligated according to the rule established in Article 41 of the Civil Procedure Code, of supplementary application to this matter in accordance with section 220 of the Administrative Contentious Procedure Code. As the necessary, relevant, and conclusive evidence does not appear in the expediente, the arguments of the petitioner are insufficient. It is reiterated, this Judge considers that all the situations that occurred and the way in which the plaintiff's representation narrates them, could well be elucidated in an ordinary proceeding (proceso de conocimiento), and in this aspect there is clarity; however, regarding the analyzed element, it must be emphasized that it is not enough to allege the existence of gravely serious damage (daño) or harm (perjuicio), actual or potential, but it must be proven. It is a procedural burden that the interested party must assume to prove its statements, Article 41 of the Civil Procedure Code. This Court could presume that everything narrated by the plaintiff's representation could bring about a whole series of inconveniences, but each case must be analyzed independently, and it will correspond to whoever resorts to this type of petitions to prove, where the Court is not obligated to suppose. There is clarity that a situation like the one brought to attention could well provoke in whoever suffers it all those alleged inconveniences; however, it is again noted that the necessary, current, and relevant evidence to accredit the magnitude of the damage has not been brought into this proceeding. One must not lose sight of the fact that this damage cannot be unreal, hypothetical, or abstract, such that if it is not clearly apparent what type of damage could be caused by the execution or omission of an administrative conduct, at least it must be accredited that this damage will produce a gravely serious impact, which even if a judgment on the merits were eventually in its favor, it would no longer have that effect of being able to bring things back to the desired state. Precisely, the damage sought to be prevented with this type of measures is gravely serious damage, both in the economic sphere, moral, etc. Therefore, it is reiterated that it is not enough to allege the existence of damage (daño) or harm (perjuicio), but it must be proven, which, as stated, is a procedural burden assumed by the interested party, which in the present case was not fully and duly covered. The plaintiff, within its evidentiary material, offered to conduct an inspection of the area or judicial recognition (reconocimiento judicial), which, as indicated in the corresponding section, the way in which it was offered is not suitable for this type of petition; however, it is clarified that the plaintiff company intends to justify a damage in not being able to market the African palm, and that this causes it damage and quantifies them in the filing, but it should have contributed proof to support them, since nothing is obtained by conducting an inspection in the area, if what was actually required was the verification of the damage, precisely supported by amounts established by the plaintiff that reach $8,400 per month; for that, it would have been sufficient to contribute invoices, contracts, accounting statements, among other basic, necessary, and simple evidence to support its statements regarding the losses or profits left unearned. It should be understood that this Court does not know the plaintiff company, its particular situation is not a matter of record, nor could it know, lacking evidence in that sense, what impact it has suffered throughout all that time it has not been able to extract or market the palm fruit; it could be understood that this causes a damage, but its magnitude is the responsibility of whoever resorts to this voie to demonstrate it, and remembering that it must reach magnitudes of gravely seriousness, if a precautionary protection is to be obtained. Regarding the elapsed time, this proceeding was managed by the plaintiff as a precautionary measure (medida cautelar) ante causam, so that "IMMEDIATELY" the works being carried out in the area would be suspended, properly along the stretch where the plaintiff company's land is located; however, this Court reviewed it, analyzed it, and rejected it in an extremely provisional (provisionalísima) character on the very day it was filed, that being the thirty-first day of January of the current year, so that to date the plaintiff company here has not had a precautionary measure that has given it the possibility of obliging the construction company to stop the works, at least on the front of its property. It could also be presumed that since the measure was rejected, the alleged works on the perimeter posts were not carried out; nor were the changes made to the culverts that from the beginning were claimed would cause flooding and damage to the property, so that from that time to today, more than two and a half months later, no evidence was brought into the proceeding to evidence the damage claimed and thereby be able to reverse or reconsider the rejection that was made on the very day the petition was filed, as established in Article 29, subsection 2) of the Administrative Contentious Procedure Code, which evidences that the damage in this case was not, and has not occurred in the area, since lacking evidence in that sense, this Court would have no reason to presume the contrary. This being the case, and lacking the necessary, relevant, and conclusive evidence, the analyzed requirement cannot be considered accredited, and for that reason the precautionary measure must be rejected under the terms requested; since the requirements or prerequisites for its granting are not mutually exclusive, and lacking one, the consequence is its rejection, as is hereby ordered. Finally, regarding the balancing of the interests at stake and the impact on the public interest or that of interested third parties: This Judge considers that, since the existence of gravely serious damage has not been demonstrated, it can only be concluded that the private interest must yield to the public interest represented by the need for the actions of public entities and individuals to conform to the parameters of legal certainty and legality established by the legal system; the foregoing, regardless of what on the merits may be decided in an eventual ordinary proceeding (proceso de conocimiento). There is no doubt for this Court as to the powers given by the legal system to each of the administrations, which must carry out and duly attend to all those requirements that individuals may request, provided they conform to their powers, and of course to the public interest they are called to satisfy. In this case, it has been evidenced that there are public institutions involved, seeking the development of a project catalogued as of public interest; but it has also been evidenced that there are private companies carrying out this project, that between the latter and the plaintiff they reached a (private) agreement, which has apparently not been respected, thereby generating inconveniences not only on the properties of the plaintiff, but also affecting the production and extraction of African palm from those farms, this in the words of the plaintiff's representation. The impact on the perimeter fences has also been claimed; as well as the way the culverts were placed has been questioned, among other questions raised by the plaintiff, which it claimed to both the private company and the administrations involved in the project; now it is the turn of the Administrative Contentious Court to address on the merits the case brought to knowledge by the company called AGROPECUARIA MILLA VEINTICINCO S.A; however, until a decision on the merits is had in the matter, this Court leans on this occasion to not consider the analyzed element overcome, since lacking evidence that accredits and proves the damage, its magnitude, and, of course, establishes its source of production, the balance leans on this occasion towards protecting the public interest over the private one, since lacking that necessary, relevant, and conclusive evidentiary material that demonstrates the possible impact and consequently the damage claimed, this Court cannot balance the damage claimed by the plaintiff above the public interests, so there is no alternative but to await the outcome of the proceeding on the merits in the eventual case that the plaintiff company's representation decides to file it.- IX) RESOLUTION OF THE CASE: Therefore, since the necessary legal requirements do not fully concur, the requested precautionary measure (medida cautelar) under the terms in which it was filed must be dismissed. It must be taken into consideration that both the requirement of good-right appearance (apariencia de buen derecho) and the balancing of interests at stake (ponderación de intereses en Juego) are matters of analysis, verification, and study by the Judge to verify their fulfillment and determine whether the claim may or may not be heard in an ordinary proceeding before this Jurisdiction (apariencia de buen derecho), and whether the decision taken affects or not the public interest or that of interested third parties (balancing of interests at stake); but one of the requirements or prerequisites for the granting of the precautionary measure lies in the hands of whoever resorts to this type of proceeding (DANGER IN DELAY - PELIGRO EN LA DEMORA), since the demonstration of the damage is inherent to the person suffering it, and it will be that person who must prove their statements with relevant and competent evidence to that end (Article 41 of the Civil Procedure Code), and this is precisely the requirement that was not supported and backed as was the duty and obligation of the plaintiff, this Court having no reason to supply the omissions noted in the corresponding section. Due to the way this is resolved, any pronouncement regarding the guarantee requested by the representation of the company called CHINA HARBOUR ENGINEERING COMPANY DE COSTA RICA, SOCIEDAD ANÓNIMA (CHEC), in case the measure were granted, is omitted. Given the specific characteristics of this type of proceeding, this matter is resolved without an award of costs (sin condenatoria en costas). In due course, let the expediente be archived.-
POR TANTO
In accordance with what is indicated in Considerandos I, II, and III of this precautionary proceeding, the offered testimonial evidence and judicial recognition (reconocimiento judicial) are rejected. The precautionary measure (medida cautelar) managed by the representation of the company called AGROPECUARIA MILLA VEINTICINCO S.A against CONSEJO NACIONAL DE VIALIDAD (CONAVI), EL ESTADO, CHINA HARBOUR ENGINEERING COMPANY DE COSTA RICA SOCIEDAD ANÓNIMA, and COMPAÑÍA ASESORA DE CONSTRUCCIÓN E INGENIERÍA CACISA SOCIEDAD ANÓNIMA is rejected. Due to the way this is resolved, any pronouncement regarding the guarantee requested by the representation of the company called CHINA HARBOUR ENGINEERING COMPANY DE COSTA RICA, SOCIEDAD ANÓNIMA (CHEC), in case the measure were granted, is omitted. Given the specific characteristics of this type of proceeding, this matter is resolved without an award of costs (sin condenatoria en costas). In due course, let the expediente be archived. NOTIFÍQUESE. Lic. Rodrigo Huertas Durán. Juez.-
Tribunal Contencioso Administrativo Clase de asunto: Medida cautelar ante causam Analizado por: CENTRO DE INFORMACIÓN JURISPRUDENCIAL Tipo de contenido: Voto de mayoría Temas (descriptores): Medidas cautelares en el proceso contencioso administrativo Subtemas: Análisis sobre sus presupuestos y características estructurales. Sentencias en igual sentido TRIBUNAL CONTENCIOSO ADMINISTRATIVO Central 2545-0003. Fax 2545-0033. Correo Electrónico ...01 Segundo Circuito Judicial de San José, Anexo A (Antiguo edificio Motorola) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PROCESO: MEDIDA CAUTELAR ANTE CAUSAM.
PROMOVENTE: AGROPECUARIA MILLA VEINTICINCO S.A DEMANDADOS: EL CONSEJO NACIONAL DE VIALIDAD (CONAVI), EL ESTADO, CHINA HARBOUR ENGINEERING COMPANY DE COSTA RICA SOCIEDAD ANÓNIMA y COMPAÑÍA ASESORA DE CONSTRUCCIÓN E INGENIERÍA CACISA SOCIEDAD ANÓNIMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ N°181-2020-T TRIBUNAL CONTENCIOSO ADMINISTRATIVO DEL SEGUNDO CIRCUITO JUDICIAL DE SAN JOSÉ - ANEXO A - Goicoechea, al ser las nueve horas diez minutos del día quince de Abril del año dos mil veinte.- Medida cautelar interpuesta por la representación de la empresa denominada AGROPECUARIA MILLA VEINTICINCO S.A en contra del CONSEJO NACIONAL DE VIALIDAD (CONAVI), EL ESTADO, CHINA HARBOUR ENGINEERING COMPANY DE COSTA RICA SOCIEDAD ANÓNIMA y COMPAÑÍA ASESORA DE CONSTRUCCIÓN E INGENIERÍA CACISA SOCIEDAD ANÓNIMA.-
RESULTANDO:
CONSIDERANDO
POR TANTO
De conformidad con lo indicado en los Considerandos I, II y III de esta gestión cautelar, se rechaza la prueba testimonial y reconocimiento judicial ofrecido. Se rechaza la medida cautelar gestionada por la representación de la empresa denominada AGROPECUARIA MILLA VEINTICINCO S.A en contra del CONSEJO NACIONAL DE VIALIDAD (CONAVI), EL ESTADO, CHINA HARBOUR ENGINEERING COMPANY DE COSTA RICA SOCIEDAD ANÓNIMA y COMPAÑÍA ASESORA DE CONSTRUCCIÓN E INGENIERÍA CACISA SOCIEDAD ANÓNIMA. Por la forma que se resuelve, se omite pronunciamiento en cuanto a la garantía que solicitó la representación de la empresa denominada CHINA HARBOUR ENGINEERING COMPANY DE COSTA RICA, SOCIEDAD ANÓNIMA (CHEC), en caso de acogimiento de la medida. Por las características propias de este tipo de procesos, se resuelve este asunto sin condenatoria en costas. En su oportunidad Archívese el expediente. NOTIFÍQUESE. Lic. Rodrigo Huertas Durán. Juez.- *J01XVQWBI7461* RODRIGO HUERTAS DURÁN - JUEZ/A DECISOR/A
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