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Res. 33777-2026 Sala Constitucional · Sala Constitucional · 03/09/2026
OutcomeResultado
The amparo was partially granted because no public water source within 50 meters was ensured after disconnection; AyA was ordered to arrange immediate installation if none was already available, and the application was denied in all other respects.Se declaró parcialmente con lugar el amparo por no garantizarse una fuente pública de agua a no más de 50 metros tras la suspensión; se ordenó instalarla de inmediato si aún no existía y se declaró sin lugar el recurso en lo demás.
SummaryResumen
The Constitutional Chamber (Sala Constitucional) reviewed the disconnection of water service to a home in Condominio El Cortijo for nonpayment and the applicant’s complaints about high bills attributed to leaks in common areas. It held that AyA could suspend service for arrears because the applicant did not claim to have paid the last overdue bill and then been denied reconnection. It also concluded that determining the cause of the charges, their correct amount, and the condominium’s responsibility belongs in the ordinary administrative and judicial proceedings, not in this constitutional proceeding. However, the evidence did not establish that AyA had provided a public water source within 50 meters of the condominium entrance after service was disconnected. On that omission, the Chamber partially granted the amparo and ordered AyA to arrange immediate installation if no such source was already available. It ordered AyA to pay costs, damages, and losses arising from that part of the ruling, to be assessed in the administrative-litigation jurisdiction; it denied the application in all other respects.La Sala Constitucional examinó el corte del servicio de agua de una vivienda del Condominio El Cortijo por falta de pago y los reclamos del recurrente sobre cobros elevados que atribuyó a fugas en áreas comunes. Consideró que el AyA podía suspender el suministro por morosidad, pues no se alegó que el último recibo vencido se hubiera pagado y se hubiera denegado la reconexión. También resolvió que determinar el origen de los cobros, su monto correcto y la responsabilidad del condominio corresponde a las vías administrativa y jurisdiccional comunes, no a esta sede constitucional. Sin embargo, no se acreditó que, tras la suspensión, el AyA hubiera dispuesto una fuente pública de agua a una distancia máxima de 50 metros de la entrada del condominio. Por esa omisión, declaró parcialmente con lugar el amparo y ordenó instalarla de inmediato, si aún no existía. Condenó al AyA al pago de costas, daños y perjuicios por ese extremo, liquidables en la jurisdicción contencioso-administrativa; en lo demás, declaró sin lugar el recurso.
Key excerptExtracto clave
In this regard, as stated in the judgment transcribed above, this Chamber’s case law has determined that, if drinking water service is suspended, the authorities must install a public source no more than 50 meters away, to protect users’ fundamental rights and basic needs; however, in this case it has not been established that this occurred. Accordingly, the application is partially granted solely as to this issue.Al respecto, como se indicó en la sentencia transcrita anteriormente, la jurisprudencia de esta Sala ha determinado que, si se da la suspensión del servicio de agua potable, las autoridades deben instalar una fuente pública a una distancia no mayor a 50 metros, en resguardo de los derechos fundamentales y de las necesidades básicas de los usuarios; sin embargo, en el sub examine no se acredita que esto haya ocurrido. En consecuencia, se declara parcialmente con lugar el recurso solo en cuanto a este extremo.
Pull quotesCitas destacadas
"la suspensión, únicamente, procede por la falta de pago oportuno del último importe mensual"
"disconnection is permitted only for failure to pay the latest monthly charge on time"
Jurisprudencia citada
"la suspensión, únicamente, procede por la falta de pago oportuno del último importe mensual"
Jurisprudencia citada
"esta Sala no es un contralor de la legalidad de las actuaciones o resoluciones de la Administración."
"this Chamber is not a reviewer of the legality of the Administration’s actions or decisions."
Considerando IV
"esta Sala no es un contralor de la legalidad de las actuaciones o resoluciones de la Administración."
Considerando IV
"Se le ordena a Randall Campos Rojas en su condición de subgerente gestión de sistemas GAM del Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados, o a quien ocupe ese cargo, que gire las instrucciones necesarias, coordine lo pertinente y disponga lo correspondiente dentro del ámbito de sus competencias respectivas para asegurar que, en caso de que no se haya hecho, DE FORMA INMEDIATA se instale una fuente pública a una distancia máxima de 50 metros de la entrada del Condominio El Cortijo."
"Randall Campos Rojas, in his capacity as deputy manager of GAM systems management at the Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados, or whoever holds that position, is ordered to issue the necessary instructions, coordinate the relevant steps, and make the appropriate arrangements within their respective authority to ensure that, if this has not already been done, a public source is installed IMMEDIATELY no more than 50 meters from the entrance to Condominio El Cortijo."
Por tanto
"Se le ordena a Randall Campos Rojas en su condición de subgerente gestión de sistemas GAM del Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados, o a quien ocupe ese cargo, que gire las instrucciones necesarias, coordine lo pertinente y disponga lo correspondiente dentro del ámbito de sus competencias respectivas para asegurar que, en caso de que no se haya hecho, DE FORMA INMEDIATA se instale una fuente pública a una distancia máxima de 50 metros de la entrada del Condominio El Cortijo."
Por tanto
Full documentDocumento completo
Document Review CONSTITUTIONAL CHAMBER OF THE SUPREME COURT OF JUSTICE. San José, at 9:20 a.m. on 3 September 2026.
Amparo proceeding filed under case no. 26-013342-0007-CO, brought by [Nombre 001], identity card [Valor 001], against the COSTA RICAN INSTITUTE OF AQUEDUCTS AND SEWERS.
Background:
REQUEST FOR PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE In view of the urgent nature of the amparo and the existence of a current injury to the fundamental right to water, I request that a precautionary measure be issued immediately so that:
• The ICAA provisionally and without delay restores the potable water service to unit 10, NIS [Valor 002], or, alternatively, ensures a sufficient, continuous, and dignified temporary supply while this amparo proceeding is resolved; • The ICAA refrains from carrying out or maintaining new suspension measures related to the disputed amounts until there has been a sufficient technical and administrative review of the case; • The respondent administrator and the Board of Directors of Condominio El Cortijo immediately undertake, coordinate, and document the technical and administrative steps necessary to end the current injury, including delivery of the complete technical report on the repair carried out in January 2026 and scheduling a comprehensive inspection of the common network associated with NIS [Valor 002].
The urgency is evident, since the service is currently disconnected and an older adult lives in the dwelling, whose daily life, hygiene, and health depend on continuity of the potable water supply.
ARGUMENTS FIRST: THE FUNCTIONS OF THE CONDOMINIUM ADMINISTRATION AND ITS RESPONSIBILITY FOR ACCESS TO WATER An essential aspect of bringing an amparo proceeding against a private-law person is that the relationship between the parties must have certain basic characteristics. Article 57 of the Ley de la Jurisdicción Constitucional provides: ‘Article 57. An amparo proceeding shall also be granted against the actions or omissions of private-law persons when they act or are required to act in the exercise of public functions or powers, or when they are, in law or in fact, in a position of power against which ordinary judicial remedies are clearly insufficient or untimely to guarantee the fundamental rights or freedoms referred to in Article 2(a) of this law. (…)’ (emphasis not in the original). Therefore, to clarify whether the amparo is available, it is considered necessary to explain how the relationship between the condominium and me meets the requirements of the above-cited article.
First, condominiums per se are a form of real property ownership in which areas of exclusive ownership and common areas coexist. Because there are different owners, these properties are managed by an administrator who represents and regulates the common areas for the purpose of complying with the internal regulations, applying legal provisions, managing common areas, and administering expenses. In view of the foregoing, to ensure the well-being of all condominium owners, the Ley Reguladora de los Condominios established a series of functional and structural requirements that must be met: ‘ARTICLE 35.- Every condominium, according to its type, shall meet at least the following requirements: (…) b) Be equipped with a conduit running through all floors that allows passage of potable water, wastewater, stormwater, and sewage installations, electricity, and others. This conduit shall be part of the common areas.
(…) d) All buildings, whether horizontal or vertical developments, shall be built in accordance with the standards required by the applicable laws.’ The foregoing is extremely important to this case. The conduits supplying water to each unit, when located outside the units, are affected by the proper maintenance of common areas, since a condominium owner cannot access those areas at will, much less carry out repairs to those pipes. It could be inferred from the foregoing that, if a conduit is damaged, the cost of its repair falls to the condominium, not the unit owner. It is essential to emphasize that: ‘ARTICLE 19.- Common expenses are: (…) c) Expenses for administration, maintenance, repair, and cleaning shall be governed by the regulations. d) The cost of improvements made to common property, duly authorized by the Condominium Owners’ Assembly. (…)’ (emphasis not in the original).
Turning to the matter at hand, this amparo is brought because of the administration’s repeated and inefficient conduct concerning repairs to various leaks that have occurred on my property (unit 10 of Condominio El Cortijo). My family and I lived together in this condominium for more than ten years. We are a family of three, and we have always maintained normal water consumption. As evidence of this, I invite this respected Chamber to review Evidence 3.1, a compilation of several payment receipts made to AyA between 2020 and 2026. Based on the data compiled between 2020 and 2024, it can be determined that the average amount paid for this dwelling was around C 28,075.41 (twenty-eight thousand seventy-five colones and forty-one céntimos). Although this was somewhat high, we came to consider it normal consumption, proportional to the way of life we had at that time. However, the matter bringing me before this Chamber today arises from the bills for 2025 and 2026, when a substantial and volatile increase occurred in the amounts paid.
The cost of water consumption in unit 10 began to rise without justification, despite only one person now living in the house. Water consumption bills reached an approximate average of C 53,787.67 (fifty-three thousand seven hundred eighty-seven colones and sixty-seven céntimos). As a result, on the twenty-fifth of June of two thousand twenty-five, I stated the following (Evidence 1):
‘For several months, water consumption at my residence appeared at unusually high levels. Unable to detect internal faults, I felt obliged to pay in good faith and always with the consideration of a good neighbor, thinking that the condominium was also going through a difficult financial situation—a situation you have since reversed very successfully. However, when the billed amounts reached wholly disproportionate levels, I carried out a more detailed technical investigation, which ultimately identified the aforementioned leak after the administration hired a leak detector who located it. As a definitive solution, an independent inspection box was built to facilitate locating leaks. Since then, this measure has not only allowed more rigorous monitoring of individual consumption, but has also benefited other dwellings in the condominium that had similar situations. Below are the estimated amounts for that period of irregular consumption:
Final Consolidated Expert Analysis—Water Payments NIS [Valor 002] (2022-2024) Global Averages Average monthly amount under normal conditions: ¢18,318.82 Average monthly amount during periods with a leak or anomalous consumption: ¢37,179.72 Monthly difference attributable to the leak: ¢l8,860.91 Estimated Economic Impact Total overpaid for that period: ¢396,079.03 P.S. If you need the receipts, please let me know.
Although this leak was detected several months ago and I did not seek collection of these overpayments at the time, trusting in the spirit of good relations and considering that the repair already represented progress, today I find myself with no choice but to submit this formal request. This is due, among other things, to a new leak that recently occurred, this time within my property, but was detected from the meter and reported by the administration. Although it is not entirely their responsibility, they carry out inspections constantly, which made it possible to act early—something that did not happen the previous time. For these reasons, and with the utmost respect, appealing to a sense of responsibility and doing what is right, I ask the administration to recognize and fully reimburse the amounts associated with the excess consumption caused by the original leak, duly documented and summarized in the attached analysis.
I consider this request legitimate and based on the principles of shared responsibility and equity that should govern every condominium community.’ On this point, it is essential to reiterate that, even in years before 2025, a significant monthly difference attributable to the leak was being paid, totaling ¢396,079.03 (three hundred ninety-six thousand seventy-nine colones and three céntimos), and therefore my access to water had been obstructed for years. In response to the foregoing submission, Ms. Rebeca Chaves Flores, in her capacity as legal representative of Condominio El Cortijo, stated, among other things, as follows:
‘After a detailed review, we wish to clarify and communicate the following: 1. Responsibility for timely reporting: Each owner is responsible for immediately informing the administration of any anomaly or suspected leak on their property. The current administration has been in office for one year and received no notification from you during that time concerning suspected consumption or a suspected leak. 2. Repair coverage: Under the condominium’s internal policies and practice, when a leak is identified outside a dwelling’s boundary and in a common area, the administration assumes the cost of the corresponding repair. However, each owner must cover the billed water consumption, as established by the contract with the service provider (Acueductos y Alcantarillados). If you believe that the consumption was anomalous due to an external cause, the appropriate process is to file a claim directly with that entity. 3.
Pipes in common areas: By design, all condominium pipes run through common areas. However, that does not mean that every leak is automatically the condominium’s responsibility, since the cause of the damage must be determined promptly and clearly. The fact that a pipe runs through a common area does not mean that damage is attributable to the condominium if it was not reported promptly or its cause was not precisely identified. 4. Infrastructure improvements: Over the last year, improvements have been implemented, such as installing inspection boxes, precisely to facilitate detection of these types of problems. Unfortunately, when a leak is not reported on time, it is impossible to determine with certainty whether the excessive consumption was due exclusively to an external leak or whether internal or domestic factors in water use also played a role. 5. Budgetary limitations: Under the Condominium Regulations and the Ley Reguladora de la Propiedad en Condominio, the annual budget is approved by the Assembly and is intended for maintenance and operation of common areas.
It does not provide for assuming individual water consumption or reimbursing public utility services attributable to each unit. For all of the foregoing reasons, we regret to inform you that the condominium cannot assume or reimburse the requested amount, since doing so would establish a precedent that compromises the financial stability of the common fund and runs counter to the individual responsibilities of each owner. We understand your concern; however, the Board of Directors is obligated to act in accordance with the regulations in force and equitably toward all owners. In that regard, it is important to note that several units have faced similar situations involving water leaks in recent years, and each has assumed responsibility for the resulting consumption. We trust you understand that the common fund must serve the collective well-being and is not intended to cover individual unit expenses.
We thank you for your understanding.’ (emphasis not in the original) The amount charged for water consumption continued to rise from then on, increasingly obstructing my access to this resource. This continued until it became unsustainable. As can be seen in Evidence 5, the cost of water consumption at my house reached ¢124,914.00 (one hundred twenty-four thousand nine hundred fourteen colones). By this point it was wholly improper, inadequate, and impossible to stay current with such a high cost, particularly if, as the administration had stated in its last letter, it had been carrying out repairs. For this reason, I submitted the following written request (Evidence 4):
‘Dear Sirs:
I am writing to handle this matter in an orderly and preventive manner and to inform you that the AyA bill for House 10, due 4 March 2026, is attached. Since surcharges had already appeared in previous months and I was told that repairs had been carried out, I would appreciate your assistance with the following:
1. Confirm in writing the scope of the repair performed (what was repaired and in which area or section) and the verification plan to prevent new leaks or atypical consumption.
2. Indicate the mechanism the condominium will apply to address the previous bills with surcharges associated with the common infrastructure (reimbursement, credit, or offset, as applicable).
3. Regarding the attached bill due 4/03/2026, please confirm what measures you will adopt to prevent the water supply to House 10 from being affected, considering that the amount does not correspond to normal consumption attributable to the dwelling, but to atypical consumption associated with common infrastructure.
So that I can act in time, I would appreciate your response no later than 3 March 2026, indicating the person responsible and the steps to follow. I await your response. Thank you in advance for your cooperation. (…)’ (emphasis not in the original) In response to this submission, the administration maintained its position, stating in the minutes of Board of Directors session 0223 (Evidence 6): ‘The Board of Directors agrees that the condominium will not pay that bill, since the policy applied in similar situations has been for the condominium to take responsibility for repairing a leak when it is in a common area, but not for paying the water consumption recorded by the unit’s meter. It is also noted that other units have faced similar situations on previous occasions, and in those cases the owners have dealt directly with AyA to arrange the corresponding payment plans or reviews. (…)’ (emphasis not in the original).
After the administration’s denial, as my last written submission, I presented the letter dated 09 March 2026, in which I stated that I was being made unable to pay for this resource:
‘(…) Additionally, and with the utmost respect, I remind you that I am unable to pay and will not pay the extraordinary amounts resulting from this excess consumption. Consequently, if the failure to handle this matter promptly results in the water supply to House 10 being affected or suspended, please understand that such a situation would be attributable to the Administration and Board of Directors, within the scope of their powers and duties to administer and maintain common infrastructure. (…)’ As can be seen in Evidence 8, AyA proceeded to disconnect the water service to unit 10, now also citing another excessive amount for March of ¢92,677.00 (ninety-two thousand six hundred seventy-seven colones). Since then, there has been no water service at House 10, greatly affecting the human right of access to water. I consider that this conduct by the Administration generated an evident violation of my fundamental rights, thereby breaching the provisions of Article 50 of our Fundamental Charter: ‘(…) Every person has the basic and inalienable human right of access to potable water, as an essential good for life.
Water is a good of the nation, indispensable to protect that human right. Its use, protection, sustainability, conservation, and exploitation shall be governed by the law to be enacted for these purposes, and priority shall be given to the supply of potable water for consumption by people and populations.’ (emphasis not in the original).
The respondent administrator and the Board of Directors of Condominio El Cortijo exercise material and legal control over common areas, the network of pipes running through those areas, maintenance work, the hiring of repair services, and management decisions relating to leaks outside individual property. A condominium owner cannot personally excavate, replace pipes, intervene in internal roads, or order repairs in common areas. They therefore hold a position of power, in fact and in law, with respect to the problem causing the injury. This is the basis for bringing this amparo. I consider that the requirements for this remedy are met. First, I am in a situation in which the condominium administration’s actions must conform to the powers and duties granted to it by the Ley Reguladora de la Propiedad en Condominio, which is not happening in light of the regulations cited above. Second, there is a clear violation of a fundamental right: my access to water is being increasingly impeded.
It is therefore urgent to turn to this forum for a prompt and complete solution, not for economic reasons, but to safeguard my fundamental rights. Ordinary civil or condominium proceedings would clearly be too late to prevent the current injury, since the right violated is not only the applicant’s property interest, but also present and continuous access to potable water. The service is already being withheld, so protection must be immediate.
SECOND: VIOLATION OF THE FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT OF ACCESS TO WATER BY THE PRIVATE RESPONDENTS To better elucidate the violation against me, it is essential to establish a causal relationship between the measures taken by the condominium and their impact in relation to the excessive consumption amounts charged by AyA. First, the meaning of common area must be clear. As mentioned above, Articles 35(b) and 19(c) of the Ley Reguladora de la Propiedad en Condominio provide that conduits intended to carry utility installations are located in common areas and that, in fact, repair and maintenance costs are common expenses to be borne by the condominium, since those areas must be kept in proper condition. On this point, it is essential to emphasize the following. The condominium’s water supply pipes are beneath the sole main access, which has exits onto the north and south streets of the block, both of which are used very frequently.
This has resulted in several leaks in the pipes. The condominium has a total of 34 units, and the vast majority have at least one vehicle; logically, this access is used frequently. Therefore, these problems constantly occur with other condominium owners. When the condominium accepts responsibility for repairing the pipe but denies reimbursement of the money overpaid as a result of a leak in a common area, it creates an evident equivalent causal link. The leak in a common area under the administration’s responsibility initially violated my fundamental right, and that violation worsened until, today, I am unable to access this resource. In addition to being supported by the articles cited above, this is supported by the facts, since the administration itself assumes responsibility for repairing pipes when leaks occur (Evidence 2 and 6). Therefore, the administration’s failure to exercise its duty of care has gradually obstructed access to water to the point that, today, access has been made impossible as a result of excessive amounts that do not reflect actual consumption.
Clearly, the violation of this fundamental right is a direct consequence of the administration’s omissions. It should be emphasized that, although the condominium has implemented ‘measures in this regard,’ the reality is that these amounts continue to be high, the administration continues to assume the ‘repairs’ (thus demonstrating its failure to exercise its duty of care), and it continues to refuse to reimburse the resulting economic loss. As the months have passed, that loss has increased to the point that I cannot afford these excess charges and have been prevented from accessing the resource. Under the facts described and the documentary evidence offered, extraordinary consumption continued after the repairs and led to the current suspension of the service. That continuity is decisive: it shows that the injury to the fundamental right is not historical or abstract, but present, current, and aggravated.
This is not just one leak, but repeated leaks that persist despite supposed repairs. More than one year has passed without resolving this problem, the situation keeps getting worse, and the service has now been disconnected, all as a result of leaks located in the condominium’s common areas. This not only demonstrates the administration’s inefficiency in resolving this matter, but also makes clear that the condominium’s common areas are not being properly maintained. The condominium’s obligation to maintain common areas is not satisfied by carrying out isolated work if, despite that work, a situation persists that ultimately deprives a dwelling of access to potable water. When the condominium regime centralizes technical and administrative decisions over the common network, it also centralizes the constitutional responsibility not to allow that arrangement to extinguish a basic human right.
THIRD: VIOLATION OF THE FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT RESULTING FROM THE ICAA’S OMISSIONS I consider that the violation of this fundamental right also entails responsibility on the part of the Costa Rican Institute of Aqueducts and Sewers, as the governing body responsible for directing and overseeing all matters concerning the provision of potable water to residents. Even if there could be an administrative dispute about the origin of the consumption recorded by the meter, AyA could not disregard the constitutional component of the case or limit its actions to merely issuing and collecting bills, ultimately suspending the service without conducting a sufficient substantive review and without considering that the affected dwelling is occupied by an older adult (…)
FOURTH: THE CASE IS NOT MERELY PATRIMONIAL IN NATURE This amparo does not seek, in this forum, a full patrimonial judgment or a final assessment of damages. The amounts overpaid are presented as factual context for a pattern of anomalous excess consumption and as background explaining the current injury. The core of the amparo is the present deprivation of access to potable water and the urgent need for effective protection. Without prejudice to the foregoing, I expressly reserve the right to seek, through the appropriate procedure, any reimbursement, compensation, or patrimonial liability that may apply to amounts charged or paid in excess.
CLARIFICATIONS REGARDING EVIDENCE 3.1 AND 6 Without prejudice to the foregoing, and solely to facilitate an accurate assessment of the documentary evidence offered, the following is expressly clarified:
1. Evidence 3.1 is submitted for illustrative and comparative purposes regarding the historical pattern of charges associated with NIS [Valor 002]. If, due to a clerical error, any receipt unrelated to that service was included, it is requested that it be deemed not offered solely for those purposes, with the rest of the evidence remaining in place insofar as relevant.
2. Evidence 6 is submitted insofar as it materially reflects the agreement adopted regarding the water issue for unit 10, consistent with the facts set out here. Any discrepancy in the document’s heading is due to the internal format used and does not undermine its relevance or substantive content for this case.
REQUEST FOR RELIEF Based on the facts and law set out, the following is requested:
1. That this amparo proceeding be admitted for processing.
2. That, as a precautionary measure, the ICAA be ordered to immediately restore the potable water service to unit 10 of Condominio El Cortijo, NIS [Valor 002], or, alternatively, to ensure a sufficient, continuous, and dignified temporary supply while this amparo proceeding is resolved.
3. That the amparo be declared with merit due to violation of the applicant’s and the resident of unit 10’s human right of access to potable water.
4. That the respondent administrator and whoever holds the Presidency of the Board of Directors of Condominio El Cortijo be ordered to immediately undertake the technical and administrative steps necessary to end the reported injury.
5. That the private respondents be ordered to deliver a complete technical report on the repair carried out in January 2026, detailing the section worked on, the work performed, materials replaced, dates, technical lead, and tests performed, as well as a schedule for a comprehensive inspection of the common network connected to unit 10.
6. That the applicant’s right to seek, through the appropriate procedure, any reimbursement, compensation, indemnity, or patrimonial liability deemed appropriate be reserved.’
“I. NEW DEVELOPMENT: COLLECTION NOTICE ISSUED BY ICAA On 25 May 2026, the Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados (Costa Rican Institute of Aqueducts and Sewers) issued a Collection Notice (Sequence N, 0 709158) addressed to NIS [Valor 002], corresponding to the water supply for unit 10 of Condominio El Cortijo, which I own. In that document, the respondent institution reports that the outstanding balance is ¢223,548.36 for the provision of drinking water and sewer service, an amount that excludes potential additional charges that would be billed at the time of payment. The Collection Notice expressly warns that the account is eligible for the administrative collection process and grants a maximum of five business days to bring the account current, either by entering into a payment arrangement or paying the full amount. It also warns that, if the matter is not addressed within that period, administrative and judicial collection proceedings will be pursued under Articles 121 and 122 of the Regulations for the Provision of AyA Services, including the possibility of filing a mortgage-enforcement or payment-order claim against the property.
This new Collection Notice significantly worsens the situation presented to this Honorable Chamber in the amparo proceeding. The amount now demanded (¢223,548.36) is the accumulated total of bills whose origin is precisely the dispute submitted for this Chamber’s consideration: extraordinary and disproportionate consumption resulting from leaks in pipes located in the condominium’s common areas, whose care, repair, and maintenance are the responsibility of the condominium administration under Articles 19 and 35 of the Condominium Property Regulatory Law. For me, paying or even arranging payment of that amount under the current circumstances would be a considerable and unreasonable financial burden, particularly since the very basis of the amparo application is the impossibility of assuming amounts that do not reflect the home’s actual consumption. The normal historical consumption for unit 10 did not exceed ¢28.075.41 per month.
The bills making up the balance now claimed (some exceeding ¢124,000.00) result from problems in the common infrastructure, not from the residents’ domestic use. The demand that I pay—or undertake to pay—an amount whose origin this constitutional proceeding itself challenges as illegitimate places the amparo applicant in a position of manifest defenselessness: either I pay amounts that I do not owe, or I face judicial collection proceedings that could encumber my property with a forced mortgage. Neither option is compatible with effective protection of a fundamental right currently under review by this same Chamber.
The issuance of this Collection Notice, with a response period of only five business days and an express threat of judicial collection (including mortgage-enforcement or payment-order proceedings against the property), demonstrates that the violation of the fundamental right not only persists but worsens over time. Each additional day without a constitutional ruling increases the debt, advances the administrative collection process, and brings closer judicial action that could irreversibly compromise the amparo applicant’s assets. It is imperative to recall that a person approaching older age currently resides in the home, and that person’s access to drinking water has already been interrupted as a result of this same dispute. The service remains disconnected, and there is now also a threat to initiate judicial collection proceedings against the home where that person lives. The convergence of these circumstances (service disconnection, the resident’s vulnerability, and an imminent threat to property) raises the urgency of this case to a level requiring priority attention from this Honorable Chamber.
The human right to water, recognized in Article 50 of the Political Constitution and in General Comment No. 15 of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, requires that its economic accessibility be real and effective. Protection that comes after judicial collection has been carried out and the violation of property rights has been finalized would not be timely or adequate protection. The nature of amparo is precisely that of a prompt and effective guarantee against current and concrete violations of fundamental rights.
On the basis of the foregoing, I respectfully ask this Honorable Chamber to:
1. Take notice of the new development, namely the issuance by ICAA of Collection Notice No. 709158, dated 25 May 2026, with a balance of ¢223,548.36, a threat of administrative collection within five business days, and the possibility of mortgage-enforcement or payment-order judicial proceedings against unit 10 of Condominio El Cortijo.
2. Issue an urgent ruling on this amparo application or, alternatively, expand or strengthen the provisional measure already requested, so that ICAA refrains from continuing or initiating administrative or judicial collection actions for the disputed amounts until this Chamber issues a final ruling.
3. Order the immediate restoration of drinking water service to unit 10, NIS [Valor 002], while the merits of this application are resolved, thereby preventing the older adult residing there from continuing to be deprived of this vital resource.
Protection of fundamental rights loses its purpose if it is not timely. I trust that this Honorable Chamber, safeguarding the human right to water and the constitutional principles of effective and expeditious justice, will address this submission promptly, as the situation requires.”
“On the basis of the technical report prepared by Jorge Mauricio Matamoros Pérez, an employee of UEN Servicio al Cliente Zona III GAM, No. UEN-SCZIII-GAM 2026-00442, dated 2 July 2026, which is submitted as evidence and forms an integral part of the administrative case file, it is established that:
FIRST. According to the database of the OPEN S.C.I. Integrated Commercial System, the property has service NIS [Valor 002], billed in the name of 3-101-714681 Sociedad Anónima, Province of San José, Escazú, San Rafael, address: Condominio El Cortijo, Apartment No. 10, Residential water rate, 1 housing unit. (See technical report No. UEN-SCZIII-GAM-2026-00442, dated 2 July 2026.)
SECOND. The information entered in the OPEN S.C.I. Integrated Commercial System shows that the service identified by NIS [Valor 002], billed in the name of 3-101 714681 Sociedad Anónima, has no orders associated with a leak or leak repair. (See technical report No. UEN-SCZIII-GAM-2026-00442, dated 2 July 2026.)
THIRD. The information entered in the OPEN S.C.I. Integrated Commercial System shows that the service identified by NIS [Valor 002], billed in the name of 3-101 714681 Sociedad Anónima, registered high consumption between the periods from 17/10/2022 to 17/07/2023. These instances were addressed in a timely manner under Article 95 of the Regulations for the Provision of AyA Services and based on the results of the service orders generated for meter inspection and service connection. Accordingly, under AyA Board of Directors Agreement No. 2021-154 of 24 March 2021, from Extraordinary Session 2021-21, approved by Board of Directors Agreement No. 442 of 8 December 2020 and published in La Gaceta No. 27 of 9 February 2021 to regulate adjustments to bills for consumption outside the normal parameters of each service, temporary adjustments were applied to the affected periods of 17/10/2022, 18/04/2023, 17/05/2023, and 16/06/2023. (See technical report No. UEN-SCZIII-GAM-2026-00442, dated 2 July 2026.)
FOURTH. Subsequently, service order No. 46608717, Volumetric Test, determined: ‘Meter outside the permitted tolerance.’ Accordingly, under Article No. 97(iii) of the Regulations for the Provision of AyA Services, the period of 17/08/2023 was modified. (See technical report No. UEN-SCZIII GAM-2026-00442, dated 2 July 2026.)
FIFTH. Service orders carried out between 28/09/2023 and 04/12/2023 determined: ‘Meter inspection and service connection: meter shows no leaks or water flow.’ Accordingly, under Article No. 95 of the Regulations for the Provision of AyA Services, adjustments were applied to the periods of 16/11/2023, 18/09/2023, and 15/04/2025. Of the amount generated, a Payment Arrangement was entered into for ¢143.136.00, plus interest of ¢5.142.00, for a total of ¢148.278.00, with a 20% down payment of ¢29.655.76 and 11 installments of ¢10.783.90, which has been paid in full as of this date. (See technical report No. UEN-SCZIII-GAM-2026-00442, dated 2 July 2026.)
SIXTH. According to information obtained from the Commercial System, adjustments and modifications were made to the service identified by NIS [Valor 002] under the Regulations for the Provision of AyA Services. As to leaks recorded inside the property, the user alone is responsible for properly maintaining the internal pipe networks. AyA therefore assumes no responsibility for high consumption billed as a result of leaks within a property, as indicated in Articles 8 and 104(a) of the Regulations for the Provision of AyA Services. As for the actions of the Board of Directors and the condominium administration, decisions made by those bodies are outside AyA’s jurisdiction. (See technical report No. UEN SCZIII-GAM-2026-00442, dated 2 July 2026.)
SEVENTH. It should be noted here that Article 108 of the Regulations for the Provision of AyA Services sets out the grounds for suspending water service, including ‘nonpayment for the service after the invoice payment deadline has passed, provided that the due date is stated on the invoice delivered or made available to the subscriber at the location or by the means indicated. After that, the suspension will take effect before the next billing cycle if the failure to pay continues.’ In this case, according to the OPEN S.C.I. Integrated Commercial System, the service identified by NIS [Valor 002] has an outstanding amount of ¢217.591.00 for overdue invoices as of today; hence the service suspension.
In this case, it is established that AyA has carried out all actions within its jurisdiction and in accordance with the applicable law, making adjustments and modifications to bills when they met the regulatory criteria. As to the leaks in service NIS [Valor 002], since they originated inside the condominium, no cause is attributable to AyA, and they are not subject to modification or correction. On the basis of the foregoing, it is concluded that this application lacks a technical, legal, and regulatory basis, since AyA has fulfilled the obligations imposed by law under the constitutional and legal framework and the principle of legality; therefore, no constitutional right of the amparo applicant has been violated (…)
REQUEST On the basis of the cited rules and the evidence I submit here, I respectfully ask the Court to DENY this amparo application and exempt AyA from any liability or award of costs, damages, and losses.”
Justice Rueda Leal drafted this opinion; and, Reasons:
I.Subject of the application. The amparo applicant alleges that he owns unit 10 of Condominio El Cortijo, where only one person lives. He states that water consumption associated with NIS [Valor 002] historically remained proportionate to the number of residents; however, anomalous consumption has been recorded as a result of a water leak located in a common area of the condominium. He states that a leak in the common area was repaired in January 2026; however, the high charges continued, namely: a bill due on 4 March 2026 for ₡124.914,00 and another dated 17 March 2026 for ₡92.677,00. In this regard, he states that the condominium administration and board of directors rejected reimbursement of the amounts billed for consumption recorded by the individual meter, a decision with which he disagrees. He further alleges that the Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados issued service order No. 54156954 on 8 April 2026, directing disconnection of the supply for nonpayment and establishing an accumulated balance of ₡217.591 plus disconnection and reconnection charges. He states that, on the date he filed the application, water service to unit 10 was suspended, directly affecting the resident of the home. He requests the Chamber’s intervention.
II.Facts found. The following facts of importance to the decision in this matter are deemed duly established:
| Service | Billing Invoice Date | Amount ¢ | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5255608 | 18/02/2026 | 124.914.00 | Cutoff process halted |
| 5255608 | 17/03/2026 | 92.677.00 | Cutoff order |
| Total invoices ¢ | 217,591.00 |
Dear customer, this document does not include disconnection and reconnection charges; to process reconnection of the service, in addition to the amount stated above, you must pay THE DISCONNECTION AND RECONNECTION TARIFF CHARGES IN THE AMOUNT OF: ¢5272.00” (see evidence submitted).
III.Fact not established. The following fact of importance to the resolution of this matter could not be established:
Sole fact. That, after water service was suspended, the Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados placed a public water source no more than 50 meters from the entrance to the condominium in question.
IV.The case at hand. In the case at hand, the amparo applicant alleges that he owns unit 10 of Condominio El Cortijo, where only one person lives. He states that water consumption associated with NIS [Valor 002] historically remained proportionate to the number of residents; however, anomalous consumption has been recorded as a result of a water leak located in a common area of the condominium. He states that a leak in the common area was repaired in January 2026; however, the high charges continued, namely: a bill due on 4 March 2026 for ₡124.914,00 and another dated 17 March 2026 for ₡92.677,00. In this regard, he states that the condominium administration and board of directors rejected reimbursement of the amounts billed for consumption recorded by the individual meter, a decision with which he disagrees. He further alleges that the Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados issued service order No. 54156954 on 8 April 2026, directing disconnection of the supply for nonpayment and establishing an accumulated balance of ₡217.591 plus disconnection and reconnection charges. He states that, on the date he filed the application, water service to unit 10 was suspended, directly affecting the resident of the home. He requests the Chamber’s intervention.
Regarding suspension of drinking water supply for nonpayment, this Chamber has ruled on the matter on numerous occasions. For example, in judgment No. 2020003446, issued at 9:30 on 21 February 2020, it stated:
“The position of this Constitutional Court on amparo applications challenging suspension of drinking water supply has consistently been that institutions operating public water systems may suspend service to their subscribers if the users are in arrears on the established tariffs, since the legal and regulatory requirements that a prospective consumer must meet cannot be disregarded when they are reasonable. Nevertheless, this Court has established that, if the regular supply is to be cut off, AyA or the Administrative Association must make a public water source available nearby, where the person concerned can obtain this vital liquid; since the right to health under Article 21 of the Political Constitution is at stake, drinking water service must be accessible to everyone.” The Chamber has also clarified that suspension is permitted for nonpayment of the latest monthly charge. In judgment No. 2016012075, issued at 9:30 on 26 August 2016, it stated the following:
“ (…) This Chamber has also repeatedly held that suspension is permitted only for failure to pay the latest monthly charge on time, since earlier unpaid months must be collected separately through the applicable procedure. Thus, for example, in judgment No. 2003-06565 of 15:29 on 8 July 2003, it was stated: ‘This Court has referred to another condition for suspension of water service to be constitutionally legitimate, holding that a person may not be deprived of it if the latest bill due has been paid, since that procedure cannot be used to demand payment of all or part of the total amount owed.’” Accordingly, in the case at hand, the service disconnection is deemed to have been carried out pursuant to the powers of the respondent authority, as the operator of the drinking water service, on account of nonpayment. It must be noted that, although there is a fundamental right of access to drinking water, it is not free of charge; therefore, the respondent authority has the power to suspend service if users fail to pay the amounts owed for it. The amparo applicant does not allege that he paid the latest bill due and was denied restoration of service.
In this regard, note that service order 54156954 of 8 April 2026 informed the amparo applicant: “We inform you that, in addition to the bill for which service is being suspended, you have an outstanding debt according to the attached details, and we urge you to bring your account up to date with AyA. Otherwise, the usual procedure will be followed to file JUDICIAL COLLECTION proceedings, with the legal and financial consequences this entails; through the courts, all persons shown as liable for the corresponding debt will be sued by means of enforcement against their assets. We also remind you that a debt arising from pipe and sewer service creates a LEGAL MORTGAGE over the property or properties subject to the obligation to pay it, under Article 12 of the General Drinking Water Law (No. 1634), and the process may culminate in a JUDICIAL SALE of the liable party’s property. Regarding cutoff order number 64156954. The list of outstanding invoices and the latest month billed is set out below:
| Service | Billing Invoice Date | Amount ¢ | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5255608 | 18/02/2026 | 124.914.00 | Cutoff process halted |
| 5255608 | 17/03/2026 | 92.677.00 | Cutoff order |
| Total invoices ¢ | 217,591.00 |
It follows from this document that the service was suspended because of the latest bill, and not the total debt, which was duly communicated to the person whose rights are protected.
Now, if the amparo applicant disagrees with the amounts charged for drinking water service, he should be aware that this Chamber does not review the legality of the Administration’s actions or decisions. It is not within this Court’s jurisdiction to determine, under the applicable law, whether a leak exists on the property or to establish the origin of the charge, nor to determine the correct amount payable for the service received, since those matters belong to the ordinary administrative and judicial channels. Likewise, it is not for this Chamber to review the decision of the administration and board of directors of the condominium where the property is located not to reimburse the amounts charged to the amparo applicant for drinking water, since that is a matter of ordinary legality. Consequently, if the amparo applicant considers it appropriate, he may submit his objection or claim to the respondent authority itself or to the competent judicial forum, where he may fully litigate the merits and assert his claims, if they are well-founded.
Accordingly, as to this issue, no matter of constitutional significance warranting the Chamber’s intervention at this time is apparent.
V.In addition, this Chamber observes that one of the amparo applicant’s requests is that: “ICAA be ordered to immediately restore drinking water service to unit 10 of Condominio El Cortijo, NIS [Valor 002], or, alternatively, ensure a sufficient, continuous, and dignified temporary water supply while this application is resolved.”
In this regard, as stated in the judgment quoted above, this Chamber’s case law has determined that, if drinking water service is suspended, the authorities must install a public water source no more than 50 meters away, to safeguard users’ fundamental rights and basic needs. However, in the case under review, it has not been established that this occurred.
Accordingly, the amparo application is granted in part solely as to this issue.
VI.Documents submitted to the case file. The parties are advised that any paper documents, objects, or evidence contained on any additional electronic, computer, magnetic, optical, telematic, or new-technology device they have submitted must be retrieved within a maximum period of 30 business days from notification of this judgment. Any material not collected within that period will be destroyed, under the “Regulations on Electronic Case Files before the Judiciary” (approved by the Full Court in Article XXVI of Session No. 27-11 of 22 August 2011 and published in Judicial Bulletin No. 19 of 26 January 2012) and Article LXXXI of Session No. 43-12 of the Superior Council of the Judiciary of 3 May 2012.
Therefore:
The amparo application is granted in part solely on the ground that access to a public drinking water source was not ensured after service was suspended. Randall Campos Rojas, in his capacity as GAM systems management deputy manager of the Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados, or whoever holds that position, is ordered to issue the necessary instructions, coordinate as appropriate, and take the corresponding measures within the scope of their respective powers to ensure that, if this has not already been done, a public water source is installed IMMEDIATELY no more than 50 meters from the entrance to Condominio El Cortijo. The respondent authority is advised that, under Article 71 of the Constitutional Jurisdiction Law, anyone who receives an order to be carried out or enforced, issued in an amparo proceeding, and fails to carry it out or enforce it, shall be punished by imprisonment for three months to two years or a fine of twenty to sixty days, provided the offense is not subject to a more severe penalty. The Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados is ordered to pay the costs, damages, and losses caused by the facts underlying this declaration, which shall be quantified in enforcement of judgment before the administrative-litigation jurisdiction. In all other respects, the amparo application is denied. Notify the parties.
Fernando Castillo V.
President Fernando Cruz C.
Paul Rueda L.
Luis Fdo. Salazar A.
Jorge Araya G.
Anamari Garro V.
Ingrid Hess H.
CASE FILE No. 26-013342-0007-CO Telephone: 2549-1500 / 800-SALA-4TA (800-7252-482). Fax: 2220-4607 / 2220-4844. Email address: www.poder-judicial.go.cr/salaconstitucional. Address: (Sabana Sur, Calle Morenos, 100 mts. south of the Iglesia del Perpetuo Socorro).
Revisión del Documento SALA CONSTITUCIONAL DE LA CORTE SUPREMA DE JUSTICIA. San José, a las nueve horas veinte minutos del tres de setiembre de dos mil veintiseis .
Recurso de amparo que se tramita en expediente nro. 26-013342-0007-CO, interpuesto por [Nombre 001], cédula de identidad [Valor 001], contra el INSTITUTO COSTARRICENSE DE ACUEDUCTOS Y ALCANTARILLADOS.
Resultando:
Redacta el Magistrado Rueda Leal; y,
Considerando:
I.Objeto del recurso. El recurrente alega que es propietario de la filial 10 del Condominio El Cortijo, en la que vive solo una persona. Menciona que el consumo de agua asociado al NIS [Valor 002] históricamente se mantuvo proporcional a la cantidad de habitantes; sin embargo, se ha registrado un consumo anómalo derivado de una fuga de agua, la cual se encontraba en un área común del condominio. Menciona que en enero de 2026, se ejecutó la reparación de una fuga en el área común; empero, persistieron los cobros elevados, a saber: un recibo con vencimiento el 4 de marzo de 2026 por ₡124.914,00 y otro del 17 de marzo de 2026 por ₡92.677,00. Al respecto, menciona que la administración y junta directiva del condominio rechazaron la devolución de los montos facturados por consumo reflejado en el medidor individual, situación con la que se encuentra disconforme. Además, aduce que el Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados emitió la orden de servicio nro. 54156954 el 8 de abril de 2026, en la que dispuso la desconexión del suministro por falta de pago, estableciendo un saldo acumulado de ₡217.591 más cargos por desconexión y reconexión. Menciona que, al día en que interpone el recurso, el servicio de agua se encuentra suspendido en la filial 10, situación que afecta directamente a la residente de la vivienda. Solicita la intervención de la Sala.
II.Hechos probados. De importancia para la decisión de este asunto, se estiman como debidamente demostrados los siguientes hechos:
Servicio Factura de Facturación Importe ¢ Estado 5255608 18/02/2026 124.914.00 Proceso de corte detenido 5255608 17/03/2026 92.677.00 Orden de corta Total recibos ¢ 217,591.00 Sr.(a) cliente, en este documento no se incluyen los cargos por desconexión y reconexión; para el trámite de la reconexión del servicio, además del monto arriba indicado, usted deberá cancelar, LOS CARGOS POR TARIFA DE DESCONECIÓN Y RECONEXIÓN POR UN MONTO DE: ¢5272.00” (véase prueba aportada).
III.Hecho no probado. No logra acreditarse el siguiente hecho, de importancia para la resolución de este asunto:
Único. Que tras la suspensión del servicio de agua potable, el Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados haya colocado una fuente pública a no más de 50 metros de la entrada del condominio en cuestión.
IV.Sobre el caso concreto. En el sub lite, el recurrente alega que es propietario de la filial 10 del Condominio El Cortijo, en la que vive solo una persona. Menciona que el consumo de agua asociado al NIS [Valor 002] históricamente se mantuvo proporcional a la cantidad de habitantes; sin embargo, se ha registrado un consumo anómalo derivado de una fuga de agua, la cual se encontraba en un área común del condominio. Menciona que en enero de 2026, se ejecutó la reparación de una fuga en el área común; empero, persistieron los cobros elevados, a saber: un recibo con vencimiento el 4 de marzo de 2026 por ₡124.914,00 y otro del 17 de marzo de 2026 por ₡92.677,00. Al respecto, menciona que la administración y junta directiva del condominio rechazaron la devolución de los montos facturados por consumo reflejado en el medidor individual, situación con la que se encuentra disconforme. Además, aduce que el Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados emitió la orden de servicio nro. 54156954 el 8 de abril de 2026, en la que dispuso la desconexión del suministro por falta de pago, estableciendo un saldo acumulado de ₡217.591 más cargos por desconexión y reconexión. Menciona que, al día en que interpone el recurso, el servicio de agua se encuentra suspendido en la filial 10, situación que afecta directamente a la residente de la vivienda. Solicita la intervención de la Sala.
Al respecto, sobre la suspensión del suministro de agua potable por morosidad, esta Sala se ha pronunciado, en reiteradas oportunidades. Por ejemplo, en la sentencia nro. 2020003446 de las 9:30 horas del 21 de febrero del 2020, indicó lo siguiente:
“La posición de este Tribunal Constitucional en cuanto a recursos de amparo en los que se cuestiona la suspensión del suministro de agua potable, ha sido reiterada en el sentido de admitir que las instituciones administradoras de los acueductos públicos pueden suspender el servicio a sus abonados, siempre y cuando los usuarios se encuentren en mora en el pago de las tarifas establecidas, pues los requisitos legales y reglamentarios que debe reunir el posible consumidor no pueden soslayarse si son razonables. A pesar de lo anterior, este Tribunal ha establecido la necesidad de que, si va a proceder a cortar el suministro regular, el A y A o la Asociación Administradora deje a disposición del interesado una fuente pública a corta distancia, donde pueda abastecerse del vital líquido, pues al estar de por medio el derecho a la salud, derivado del artículo 21 de la Constitución Política, el servicio de agua potable debe de estar al alcance de toda persona”.
Por otra parte, también ha aclarado que la suspensión procede por la falta de pago del último importe mensual. En sentencia nro. 2016012075 de las 9:30 horas del 26 de agosto del 2016, lo indicó así en los siguientes términos:
“ (…) Esta Sala también ha indicado, de forma reiterada, que la suspensión, únicamente, procede por la falta de pago oportuno del último importe mensual, por cuanto los meses anteriores que se adeuden deberán ser cobrados, separadamente, por la vía correspondiente. Así, por ejemplo, en sentencia número 2003-06565 de las 15:29 hrs. de 8 de julio de 2003, se indicó: “Este Tribunal se ha referido a otra condición para que la suspensión del servicio de agua sea constitucionalmente legítimo, indicando que no puede privarse al administrado de éste si se ha cancelado el último recibo vencido, toda vez que no procede por esa vía exigir la obligación total o parcial del monto adeudado” .
Así las cosas, en el sub lite se estima que la desconexión del servicio se hizo con base en las potestades que tiene la autoridad recurrida, como ente operador del servicio de agua potable, por morosidad. Es menester indicar que, si bien existe un derecho fundamental de acceso al agua potable, este no es gratuito, por lo que la autoridad recurrida cuenta con la potestad de suspender el servicio, en caso de que los administrados no cancelen los montos que se adeuden por este concepto. Nótese que el recurrente no aduce haber cancelado el último recibo vencido y se le denegara el restablecimiento del servicio.
En ese sentido, véase que de la orden de servicio 54156954 del 8 de abril de 2026, al recurrente se le indicó: “Le informamos que además del recibo por el cual se suspende el servicio, usted tiene una deuda pendiente de pago según detalle adjunto, por lo que lo instamos a que normalice su situación con AyA. En caso contrario se procederá con el trámite usual para interponer el COBRO JUDICIAL con las consecuencias legales y pecuniarias que este implica por la vía judicial se demandará a todos los que aparezcan como responsables de la correspondiente deuda, por medio de apremio patrimonial. Asimismo le recordamos que la deuda proveniente del servicio de cañería y alcantarillado impone HIPOTECA LEGAL sobre el bien o bienes en que recae la obligación de pagarlo, de conformidad con el artículo 12 de la Ley General de Agua Potable (No. 1634), pudiendo culminar el proceso con el REMATE JUDICIAL de los bienes del responsable. Respecto a la orden de corta número 64156954. Se detalla a continuación la lista de facturas pendientes y último mes puesto al cobro:
Servicio Factura de Facturación Importe ¢ Estado 5255608 18/02/2026 124.914.00 Proceso de corte detenido 5255608 17/03/2026 92.677.00 Orden de corta Total recibos ¢ 217,591.00 De tal documento se desprende que la suspensión del servicio obedece al último recibo y no a la deuda total, lo cual fue debidamente comunicado al tutelado.
Ahora bien, si el recurrente se encuentra disconforme con el monto de los cobros por el servicio de agua potable, debe advertir que esta Sala no es un contralor de la legalidad de las actuaciones o resoluciones de la Administración. No es competencia de este Tribunal revisar, de conformidad con la ley aplicable, si en la propiedad existe o no una fuga o determinar el origen del cobro, ni establecer cuál debe ser el monto correcto por pagar por el servicio recibido, toda vez que se trata de una labor propia de la vía común -administrativa y jurisdiccional-. En igual sentido, tampoco le corresponde a esta Sala revisar la decisión de la administración y junta directiva del condominio donde se encuentra el inmueble de no devolver los montos cobrados al recurrente por concepto de agua potable, por tratarse de una cuestión de mera legalidad. En consecuencia, de considerarlo pertinente, la parte recurrente puede plantear su inconformidad o reclamo ante la misma autoridad recurrida, o ante la vía jurisdiccional competente, vías en las cuales podrá, en forma amplia, discutir el fondo del asunto y hacer valer sus pretensiones, si estas fueren procedentes.
En consecuencia, en cuanto a este extremo, no se observa alguna situación de raigambre constitucional que amerite la intervención de la Sala en este momento.
V.Por otra parte, esta Sala observa que una de las pretensiones del recurrente es que: “se ordene al ICAA restablecer de inmediato el servicio de agua potable en la filial 10 del Condominio El Cortijo, NIS [Valor 002], o, en su defecto, asegurar un abastecimiento temporal suficiente, continuo y digno mientras se resuelve el presente recurso”.
Al respecto, como se indicó en la sentencia transcrita anteriormente, la jurisprudencia de esta Sala ha determinado que, si se da la suspensión del servicio de agua potable, las autoridades deben instalar una fuente pública a una distancia no mayor a 50 metros, en resguardo de los derechos fundamentales y de las necesidades básicas de los usuarios; sin embargo, en el sub examine no se acredita que esto haya ocurrido.
En consecuencia, se declara parcialmente con lugar el recurso solo en cuanto a este extremo.
VI.Documentación aportada al expediente. Se previene a las partes que, de haber aportado algún documento en papel u objetos o pruebas contenidos en algún dispositivo adicional de carácter electrónico, informático, magnético, óptico, telemático o producido por nuevas tecnologías, estos deberán ser retirados en un plazo máximo de 30 días hábiles, contado a partir de la notificación de esta sentencia. Se advierte que será destruido todo material que no sea recogido dentro de ese lapso, con base en el "Reglamento sobre Expediente Electrónico ante el Poder Judicial" (aprobado por la Corte Plena en el artículo XXVI de la sesión nro. 27-11 de 22 de agosto de 2011 y publicado en el Boletín Judicial nro. 19 del 26 de enero de 2012) y en el artículo LXXXI de la sesión del Consejo Superior del Poder Judicial nro. 43-12 de 3 de mayo de 2012.
Por tanto:
Se declara parcialmente con lugar el recurso solo por la omisión de garantizar el acceso a una fuente pública de agua potable tras la suspensión del servicio. Se le ordena a Randall Campos Rojas en su condición de subgerente gestión de sistemas GAM del Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados, o a quien ocupe ese cargo, que gire las instrucciones necesarias, coordine lo pertinente y disponga lo correspondiente dentro del ámbito de sus competencias respectivas para asegurar que, en caso de que no se haya hecho, DE FORMA INMEDIATA se instale una fuente pública a una distancia máxima de 50 metros de la entrada del Condominio El Cortijo. Se advierte a la autoridad recurrida, que de acuerdo con el artículo 71 de la Ley de la Jurisdicción Constitucional se impondrá prisión de tres meses a dos años o de veinte a sesenta días multa, a quien recibiere una orden que deba cumplir o hacer cumplir, dictada dentro de un recurso de amparo y no la cumpliere o no la hiciere cumplir, siempre que el delito no esté más gravemente penado. Se condena al Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados al pago de las costas, daños y perjuicios causados con los hechos que sirven de base a esta declaratoria, los que se liquidarán en ejecución de sentencia ante la jurisdicción contencioso-administrativa. En lo demás, se declara sin lugar el recurso. Notifíquese.
Fernando Castillo V.
Fernando Cruz C.
Paul Rueda L.
Luis Fdo. Salazar A.
Jorge Araya G.
Anamari Garro V.
Ingrid Hess H.
EXPEDIENTE N° 26-013342-0007-CO
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