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Res. 26820-2026 Sala Constitucional · Sala Constitucional · 17/07/2026
OutcomeResultado
The Constitutional Court consolidated case 26-002928-0007-CO with amparo proceeding 26-001594-0007-CO for judicial economy, without ruling on the merits of the environmental and access-to-information claims.La Sala Constitucional ordenó la acumulación del expediente 26-002928-0007-CO al recurso de amparo 26-001594-0007-CO por razones de economía procesal, sin pronunciarse sobre el fondo de los alegatos ambientales y de acceso a la información.
SummaryResumen
Amparo proceeding filed against the Municipality of Puntarenas, SETENA, and MINAE for alleged unpermitted construction in the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone — specifically a fuel tank for the ASOPPAPU artisanal fishermen's association — without a valid environmental guarantee, environmental manager, or required signage. The petitioner also alleged denial of access to the concession administrative file. The Municipality and SETENA reported the works hold Municipal Permit C-290 and Environmental Viability Resolution 01136-2020-SETENA, although the digital environmental log had not yet been opened, leading SETENA to conclude the project had not formally commenced. The Constitutional Court did not rule on the merits: it consolidated the case with proceeding 26-001594-0007-CO for judicial economy. The agency reports contribute significant doctrine on the VLA as a preparatory administrative act and on the ZMT's mandatory EIA status as an Environmentally Fragile Area.Recurso de amparo interpuesto contra la Municipalidad de Puntarenas, SETENA y MINAE por presuntas obras de construcción sin permisos en la Zona Marítimo Terrestre —específicamente un tanque de combustible para la Asociación de Pescadores Pangueros Artesanales de Puntarenas (ASOPPAPU)— sin garantía ambiental vigente, regente ambiental ni rótulo de obra. El recurrente alegó también denegación de acceso al expediente administrativo de concesión. La Municipalidad y SETENA informaron que la obra cuenta con Permiso Municipal C-290 y Viabilidad Ambiental Resolución 01136-2020-SETENA, aunque la bitácora ambiental digital aún no había sido habilitada, por lo que SETENA consideró que el proyecto formalmente no había dado inicio. La Sala Constitucional no resolvió el fondo: ordenó la acumulación al expediente 26-001594-0007-CO por razones de economía procesal. Los informes rinden doctrina relevante sobre la VLA como acto preparatorio y sobre la ZMT como Área Ambientalmente Frágil que requiere EIA obligatorio.
Key excerptExtracto clave
The Environmental Viability License must be understood, from an administrative-law standpoint, as an administrative act of a prior and preparatory nature. Its purpose is not the definitive authorization to carry out a project, but rather a necessary and binding prerequisite for obtaining final permits from the relevant sectoral authorities. Consequently, its issuance does not exhaust the authorization phase; instead, it conditions the project's concretization on meeting environmental protection standards compatible with development. There is full technical agreement that any intervention in that zone must be carried out under a heightened protection standard, given that it constitutes an Environmentally Fragile Area (AAF), pursuant to the categorization established in Article 98 of Executive Decree No. 43898-MINAE-S-MOPT-MAG-MEIC (Regulation on Environmental Assessment, Control, and Monitoring). Under this premise, and in strict compliance with environmental law, any project or activity at that location is obligatorily required to undergo the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process. Taking into account that the facts set forth in the petition are directly related to those being heard in the amparo proceeding under case number 26-001594-0007-CO, the Court finds it appropriate to order the consolidation of this case with that proceeding, for reasons of judicial economy.La Licencia o Viabilidad Ambiental debe entenderse, desde la técnica administrativa, como un acto administrativo de carácter previo y preparatorio. Su finalidad no es la autorización definitiva de ejecución, sino que constituye un presupuesto necesario y vinculante para la obtención de los permisos finales ante las autoridades sectoriales correspondientes. En consecuencia, su otorgamiento no agota la fase autorizatoria, sino que condiciona la búsqueda de concreción del proyecto al cumplimiento de estándares de tutela ambiental compatibles con el desarrollo. Existe plena coincidencia técnica en que cualquier intervención en dicha zona debe ejecutarse bajo el estándar de protección reforzada, al tratarse de un Área Ambientalmente Frágil (AAF), de conformidad con la categorización establecida en el artículo 98 del Decreto Ejecutivo No. 43898-MINAE-S-MOPT-MAG-MEIC (Reglamento de Evaluación, Control y Seguimiento Ambiental). Bajo esta premisa, y en estricto cumplimiento del ordenamiento jurídico ambiental, cualquier proyecto o actividad en dicho emplazamiento requiere obligatoriamente someterse al proceso de Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental (EIA). Tomando en cuenta que los hechos que se plantean en el libelo de interposición guardan relación directa con los que se conocen en el recurso de amparo que se tramita bajo el expediente número 26-001594-0007-CO, la Sala estima que lo procedente es ordenar la acumulación del presente asunto a dicho proceso, por razones de economía procesal.
Pull quotesCitas destacadas
"Las actividades humanas que alteren o destruyan elementos del ambiente o generen residuos, materiales tóxicos o peligrosos, requerirán una evaluación de impacto ambiental por parte de la Secretaría Técnica Nacional Ambiental creada en esta ley. Su aprobación previa, de parte de este organismo, será requisito indispensable para iniciar las actividades, obras o proyectos."
"Human activities that alter or destroy elements of the environment or generate waste, toxic or hazardous materials shall require an environmental impact assessment by the National Environmental Technical Secretariat established by this law. Prior approval by that body shall be an indispensable requirement before initiating activities, works, or projects."
Informe SETENA — Artículo 17 Ley Orgánica del Ambiente citado in extenso
"Las actividades humanas que alteren o destruyan elementos del ambiente o generen residuos, materiales tóxicos o peligrosos, requerirán una evaluación de impacto ambiental por parte de la Secretaría Técnica Nacional Ambiental creada en esta ley. Su aprobación previa, de parte de este organismo, será requisito indispensable para iniciar las actividades, obras o proyectos."
Informe SETENA — Artículo 17 Ley Orgánica del Ambiente citado in extenso
"En este momento, solo falta que se proceda a la habilitación de la bitácora ambiental digital del proyecto de referencia, por lo que para efectos de la SETENA, de manera formal el proyecto no ha dado inicio."
"At this time, only the opening of the digital environmental log for the project in question remains pending; therefore, for SETENA's purposes, the project has formally not yet commenced."
Informe SETENA — Informe Técnico CARTA-SETENA-DT-ASA-0490-2026
"En este momento, solo falta que se proceda a la habilitación de la bitácora ambiental digital del proyecto de referencia, por lo que para efectos de la SETENA, de manera formal el proyecto no ha dado inicio."
Informe SETENA — Informe Técnico CARTA-SETENA-DT-ASA-0490-2026
"El incumplimiento de cualquiera de estos instrumentos facultaría a la SETENA para iniciar los procedimientos administrativos sancionatorios correspondientes, pudiendo derivar incluso en la suspensión o revocatoria de la viabilidad otorgada, en salvaguarda del interés público ambiental."
"Non-compliance with any of these instruments would empower SETENA to initiate the corresponding administrative sanctioning proceedings, which could even result in the suspension or revocation of the environmental viability granted, in safeguarding the public environmental interest."
Informe SETENA — Instrumentos de Control y Seguimiento Ambiental
"El incumplimiento de cualquiera de estos instrumentos facultaría a la SETENA para iniciar los procedimientos administrativos sancionatorios correspondientes, pudiendo derivar incluso en la suspensión o revocatoria de la viabilidad otorgada, en salvaguarda del interés público ambiental."
Informe SETENA — Instrumentos de Control y Seguimiento Ambiental
"En virtud del Principio de Legalidad (artículo 11 de la Constitución Política y 11 de la Ley General de la Administración Pública), la Secretaría Técnica Nacional Ambiental (SETENA) está facultada para actuar únicamente dentro de la órbita de sus atribuciones expresas. Sus competencias se hallan estrictamente delimitadas por la Ley Orgánica del Ambiente (No. 7554) y los reglamentos vigentes al momento de la evaluación."
"By virtue of the Principle of Legality (Articles 11 of the Political Constitution and 11 of the General Law of Public Administration), SETENA is empowered to act only within the scope of its express attributions. Its competencies are strictly delimited by the Organic Environment Law (No. 7554) and the regulations in force at the time of the assessment."
Informe SETENA — Delimitación de Competencias y Principio de Legalidad
"En virtud del Principio de Legalidad (artículo 11 de la Constitución Política y 11 de la Ley General de la Administración Pública), la Secretaría Técnica Nacional Ambiental (SETENA) está facultada para actuar únicamente dentro de la órbita de sus atribuciones expresas. Sus competencias se hallan estrictamente delimitadas por la Ley Orgánica del Ambiente (No. 7554) y los reglamentos vigentes al momento de la evaluación."
Informe SETENA — Delimitación de Competencias y Principio de Legalidad
Full documentDocumento completo
Document Review Decision No. 2026026820 CONSTITUTIONAL CHAMBER OF THE SUPREME COURT OF JUSTICE. San José, at nine hours and twenty-five minutes on the seventeenth of July, two thousand and twenty-six.
Amparo (constitutional protection) petition proceeding under case number 26-002928-0007-CO, filed by Nombre01, national identification number CED05, against the MUNICIPALIDAD DE PUNTARENAS and the MINISTERIO DE AMBIENTE Y ENERGÍA.
Findings:
I.Legal Nature of the Environmental Feasibility Determination. The Environmental License or Environmental Feasibility determination (Licencia o Viabilidad Ambiental) must be understood, from an administrative law standpoint, as a prior and preparatory administrative act. Its purpose is not to grant definitive authorization for execution; rather, it constitutes a necessary and binding prerequisite for obtaining final permits from the corresponding sectoral authorities. Consequently, its issuance does not exhaust the authorization phase; instead, it conditions the project's realization upon compliance with environmental protection standards compatible with development.
II.Delimitation of Competencies and the Principle of Legality. By virtue of the Principle of Legality (Article 11 of the Political Constitution and Article 11 of the General Law of Public Administration), SETENA is empowered to act only within the scope of its express attributions. Its competencies are strictly delimited by the Organic Law of the Environment (No. 7554) and the regulations in force at the time of the assessment.
III.Normative Succession Over Time. It is imperative to note that, for the analysis of the period in question, Decreto Ejecutivo No. 31849-MINAE-S-MAG-MEIC (General Regulations on the Procedures for environmental impact assessment (evaluación de impacto ambiental, EIA)) was the applicable instrument, governing until August 19, 2023. As of that date, the legal order was updated with the entry into force of Decreto Ejecutivo No. 43898-MINAE-S-MOPT-MAG-MEIC, the current Regulations for Environmental Assessment, Control, and Monitoring.
IV.Technical-Scientific Function of the Secretariat. Under this rule-of-law regime, SETENA's prerogatives are restricted to the environmental impact assessment. Its essential function lies in the application of technical instruments grounded in scientific criteria to determine the feasibility of a proposal. The entire assessment process must be completed and fulfilled before any project, work, or activity is initiated, and it serves as a prerequisite for final permits — a function that reflects its intermediate nature as a preparatory act. Therefore, the institution lacks the legal authority to issue final construction or operating permits, whose competence rests exclusively with other State bodies; SETENA is limited to ruling on environmental feasibility as a prerequisite for those permits. Accordingly, a detailed technical and legal study of the project is carried out using the appropriate assessment instrument for the work or activity, prior to its execution or operation; hence the predictive character of the Environmental License, whose purpose is to enable the imposition of all prevention, mitigation, or compensation measures necessary to prevent irreparable harm to the environment. The ex ante nature of the environmental impact assessment is thus reaffirmed in accordance with Article 17 of the LOA, which provides:
Article 17.- Environmental impact assessment. Human activities that alter or destroy elements of the environment or generate residues, toxic, or hazardous materials shall require an environmental impact assessment by SETENA, as created by this law. Prior approval by this body shall be an indispensable requirement to begin any activities, works, or projects. Laws and regulations shall specify which activities, works, or projects require an environmental impact assessment.
Once the Environmental Feasibility (License) (Viabilidad (Licencia) Ambiental, VLA) has been granted and the actual commencement of the Activity, Work, or Project (Actividad, Obra o Proyecto, AOP) has been verified, SETENA exercises its powers of ongoing supervision and control. The primary objective of this Environmental Management phase is to ensure strict compliance with the environmental commitments and conditions established for the developer. To this end, the legal order provides for a catalogue of Environmental Control and Monitoring Instruments (Instrumentos de Control y Seguimiento Ambiental), whose enforceability is determined by the nature and risk of the project. These mandatory compliance mechanisms include:
• Environmental Compliance Bond (Garantía de Cumplimiento Ambiental): A financial guarantee designed to secure the implementation of prevention, mitigation, or compensation measures. • Appointment of the Environmental Manager (Responsable Ambiental): A duly accredited professional who acts as the technical liaison and is responsible for implementing the management plans. • Activation of the Environmental Log (Bitácora Ambiental): A legal-technical instrument in which incidents and the progress of environmental measures are recorded chronologically. • Environmental Accountability Reports (Informes de Responsabilidad Ambiental, IRA): Periodic reports that must be submitted by the developer and their environmental manager to this Secretariat, at the frequency and with the technical requirements established in the administrative resolution that granted the license.
It is imperative to emphasize that failure to comply with any of these instruments would authorize SETENA to initiate the corresponding administrative sanctioning procedures, which could ultimately result in the suspension or revocation of the granted feasibility, in order to safeguard the public environmental interest.
SECOND: GENERAL PROJECT INFORMATION: Before addressing the grounds of the amparo writ as they relate to SETENA, it is clarified that the project in question corresponds to the administrative file known as: Fuel Dispensing Outlet (Expendio de Combustible), under the name of Asociación de Pescadores Pangueros Artesanales de Puntarenas (ASOPPAPU), file number D1-0539-2019, with the following characteristics:
Project Name: Expendio de Combustible Developer: Asociación de Pescadores Pangueros Artesanales de Puntarenas, legal ID: CED04 Representative: Álvaro Reina Romero Location: Province: Puntarenas / Canton: Puntarenas / District: Puntarenas Cartographic Sheet: Dirección02 Coordinates: Lat.: 1103460,422 Long.: 407845,362 Cadastral Plan No.: P-1856489-2015, P-1722530-2014 Property Number: Not indicated Property area per plan (m²): 279 / 607 Project area per design: 858.8 CIIU Classification and Project Category: 5050 / B1 SIA Score: 167 Environmental Consultant and ID: Oscar Pacheco Urpi 1-0421-0773 Consultant registration and validity: CI-092-2013 04/06/2021 Project Description: The project consists of the construction of a service station where hydrocarbons (gasoline and diesel) will be sold to members of Asociación de Pescadores Pangueros Artesanales de Puntarenas, as well as to other State institutions and the general public.
The project will be carried out on 2 properties owned by ASOPPAPU, where existing structures will initially be demolished and existing tanks removed, before the construction of new facilities begins. These will include a building housing freezing rooms, production and distribution lines, and a cafeteria, while the other parcel will house the fuel storage, loading, and unloading area. In this latter area, 4 tanks with a storage capacity of 10,000 gallons each will be installed. In addition to fuel sales and distribution services, lubricants will also be sold; a supermarket and convenience store will also be operated.
Environmental Feasibility Resolution: By means of Resolution No. 01136-2020-SETENA, issued at 09 hours 10 minutes on June 24, 2020, Environmental Feasibility was granted to the project and, regarding the environmental control instruments, the operative portion ordered the following: (…) FOURTH: Mr. Álvaro Reina Romero, national ID: CED03, acting as legal representative of Asociación de Pescadores Pangueros Artesanales de Puntarenas, legal ID: CED04, administrative file D1-0539-2019, is hereby ordered to:
1. Submit the Environmental Compliance Bond for fulfillment of environmental obligations in the amount of ₡2,967,000.00 (two million nine hundred sixty-seven thousand colones exactly), or its equivalent in colones at the prevailing exchange rate, corresponding to 1% of the total declared project investment amount. To post the bond, three options are available: a. Certificate of Time Deposit (from any Public or Private Bank), issued in the name of the developer and endorsed in favor of MINAE-SETENA. b. Compliance bond established by any financial institution recognized by the State, issued in the name of the developer and indicating that the beneficiary is MINAE-SETENA. ‐ For options a and b, it must be presented at the Securities Custody and Administration Department of the Banco Nacional de Costa Rica, at its Central Offices, to be held in custody No. CV-7297-SETENA-MINAE. The bond term must be a minimum of one year.
Upon renewal, when environmental bonds are issued in dollars, the renewal must be made at the prevailing exchange rate. c. Bank deposit to the accounts of the Ministry of Environment and Energy (MINAE), legal ID (legal ID No. 2-100-042014). These accounts are registered at the Banco Nacional de Costa Rica. The bank accounts are registered at the Banco Nacional de Costa Rica in the name of MINAE, legal ID (legal ID No. 2-100-042014). Note: The deposit or wire transfer must indicate in the description: the file number and the name of the developer. The name of the project and the file number must also be stated, and a copy of the respective deposit receipt must be submitted to this Secretariat; the deposit must cover a minimum period of one year, in accordance with Article 21 of the Organic Law of the Environment.
2. Appoint an Environmental Manager with a current registration in SETENA's Consultants Registry, by submitting a note signed by the owner along with the assigned professional's acceptance. The appointment letter, signed by the developer, and the acceptance letter, signed by the consultant, must be provided. Environmental reports must be submitted within a maximum of 10 days following the end of the period they cover.
3. Submit before the Legal Unit of this Secretariat a book of records (libro de Actas), which will be activated by that Department as the Environmental Log. The foregoing documentation must be submitted by the developer prior to the start of activities, as established in Plenary Commission Agreement ACP-015-2014.
FIFTH: Based on the environmental characteristics of the project area (AP) and its interaction with the project's planned activities, environmental reports shall be submitted every six months during the construction phase, and a final consolidated report shall be submitted at the end of that phase, in accordance with the provisions of Plenary Agreement CP-036-2011-SETENA dated February 28, 2011. Environmental reports must be submitted within a maximum of 10 days following the end of the period they cover. The period for the first environmental stewardship (regencia ambiental) report begins when activities commence. For the preparation of these reports, in accordance with the format established by this Secretariat, the environmental manager shall be responsible for conducting the necessary number of site visits depending on the project's characteristics. Based on these reports and the monitoring program, SETENA may adjust the bond amount and issue mandatory compliance measures to keep the project, work, or activity within a controlled environmental impact margin. The manager and the owner must support SETENA's work during inspections carried out by the Secretariat (…)
THIRD: The Appellant's Arguments on Matters Directly Pertaining to SETENA: In keeping with the principle of specialty, this statement will address on the merits only the claims relating to omissions that directly fall within this Secretariat's technical and administrative competence. Regarding the grievances raised, this Secretariat acknowledges the special importance of protecting the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone (Zona Marítimo Terrestre, ZMT). There is full technical agreement that any intervention in that zone must be carried out under a heightened protection standard, as it constitutes an Environmentally Fragile Area (Área Ambientalmente Frágil, AAF), pursuant to the classification established in Article 98 of Decreto Ejecutivo No. 43898-MINAE-S-MOPT-MAG-MEIC (Regulations for Environmental Assessment, Control, and Monitoring). Under this premise, and in strict compliance with environmental law, any project or activity at that location is obligatorily required to undergo the environmental impact assessment process, as will be detailed in the corresponding technical section.
Finally, regarding construction permits, it is reiterated that these fall within the competence of the Municipality of Puntarenas; those administrative acts lie outside SETENA's sphere of competence and constitute the final authorization act in the process for the proposed project to be realized. In this regard, and in accordance with the findings of Technical Report CARTA-SETENA-DT-ASA-0490-2026:
On the allegation that the petitioner identified that the project is being carried out without the minimum environmental requirements — such as a current environmental bond, a construction sign, and supervision by an environmental manager — creating a scenario of risk and irregularity that demands the immediate intervention of competent authorities such as SETENA: The project's environmental bond has been deposited in the State's single treasury account since April 9, 2025; it is therefore current and has no expiration date. The administrative file contains the appointment of the project's environmental manager, Mr. Oscar Pacheco Urpí, with Registry No. CI-0092-2013. At this time, only the activation of the project's digital environmental log remains pending; therefore, for SETENA's formal purposes, the project has not yet commenced. Regarding the placement of an informational sign (Rotulo Informativo), this matter must be corroborated through a field inspection to determine whether works have in fact begun.
As for the filing of a formal complaint and request for inspection before SETENA, within administrative file D1-0539-2019-SETENA, in which the environmental authority was informed that construction activities are being carried out without an environmental bond, an environmental manager, or the legally required permits, and requesting immediate on-site supervision to protect the integrity of the marine ecosystem: by means of consecutive No. 11426-2025-Intranet dated November 24, 2025, this Secretariat received an environmental complaint filed by Mr. Nombre01 against the Expendio de Combustible project under Administrative File D1-0539-2019-SETENA. It is hereby noted that said complaint is in an active processing phase. In strict compliance with due process, on January 19, 2026, official communication CARTA-SETENA-DT-ASA-0198-2026 was issued, through which the charges were transferred and the developer of file D1-0539-2019-SETENA was requested to submit exculpatory evidence, in compliance with the provisions of Decreto 43898-MINAE-S-MOPT-MAG-MEIC Regulations for Environmental Assessment — due process — and in accordance with the applicable internal rules, specifically:
Article 56.- Environmental complaints. Environmental complaints filed against an activity, work, or project at the environmental impact assessment stage or at the environmental monitoring stage must be managed through official digital channels. SETENA shall process only those complaints that fall within its competence, as established in the respective environmental feasibility resolution. Those that do not fall within its competence shall be transferred ex officio to the appropriate institution for proper handling.
Furthermore, Article 58 of the same decree establishes, as part of the complaint-handling process, compliance with the following requirements: (…) In order to comply with due process, the complaint process must include the following: 1. Transfer of the complaint to the party concerned so that they may respond on the merits. 2. Site inspection when deemed appropriate by SETENA, along with the corresponding report. 3. Consultation with other institutions (if necessary). 4. Technical report. 5. Final resolution. SETENA shall issue the corresponding final resolution by means of a reasoned resolution. Prior to that resolution, it may impose precautionary measures to suspend the activity, work, or project. Likewise, it may issue corrective measures, such as requiring the submission of necessary prevention and mitigation measures to protect the environment, and may also impose a compensation plan. Similarly, it may impose any other sanctions established in Article 99 of the Organic Law of the Environment, Law No. 7554, and these regulations (…)
Regarding the field verification, the technical inspection had already been formally scheduled for February 18, 2026, pursuant to SETENA's official roster. It is pertinent to clarify that the scheduling of this proceeding was also subject to the availability of budgetary funds for travel allowances and fuel — resources that were made available following the close and start of the fiscal cycle (December–January), an administrative constraint to which the public administration is subject.
FOURTH: It is considered important to highlight that these facts had previously been known to this Secretariat; on December 10, 2020, Mr. Nombre01 filed an environmental complaint before this Secretariat against the Expendio de Combustible project under Administrative File D1-0539-2019-SETENA, with allegations very similar to those presented in the environmental complaint of November 24, 2025. Accordingly, by means of Administrative Resolution No. 0806-2021-SETENA dated May 26, 2021, the complaint filed by Mr. Nombre01 on December 10, 2020 was rejected.
CONCLUSION: Upon analyzing the points raised in amparo writ No. 26-002928-0007-CO, filed on February 23, 2026, by Mr. Nombre01, it is determined that the arguments put forward by the petitioner cannot be upheld, as this Secretariat is processing the environmental complaint in accordance with applicable regulations." The Secretariat requests that the writ be dismissed.
• Issuance of construction permits • Technical inspections • Closure of works • Management of administrative files • Processing in the Maritime-Terrestrial Zone fall under the Municipal Administration, under the direction of the Mayor and the respective technical departments. Consequently, I, in my capacity as President of the Municipal Council, have had no direct participation or functional competence in the events that gave rise to this FBCLIFSO.
III.ON THE LEGALITY OF MUNICIPAL ACTIONS Without prejudice to the foregoing, and in accordance with the information provided by the Municipal Administration (as set forth in the Mayor's response), it is apparent that:
• The work holds Municipal Construction Permit No. C-290. • It has Resolution No. 01136-2020-SETENA, granting Environmental Feasibility. • A municipal inspection was conducted. • Access to the case file was provided. Review and photography were permitted. • Digital delivery of documentation was coordinated. • There is no unjustified omission or refusal of information.
Therefore, there is no violation of the right of access to information, nor any administrative omission attributable to the Municipality, and much less to this Presidency." The Council President requests that the writ be dismissed.
• To review legal and technical requirements and to recommend to the Minister the authorization of the tanks. (Art. 8) • To maintain the publicly accessible digital registry of tanks. (Art.
Article 8 stipulates the process that the DGTCC must follow: analyzing the form and the technical information submitted, verifying that each of the specified requirements has been presented in proper form, and, if so, proceeding to recommend to the MINAE Minister the authorization of the tanks. If the Minister finds the application to be in order, the authorization will be issued, communicated to the applicant and to the DGTCC so that the authorized tanks may be incorporated into the corresponding registry — all within a maximum period of one month. If the information submitted does not meet the required standards, the DGTCC will grant the applicant 10 business days to complete or correct it. If the ordered requirements are not duly met, or if the operation poses a risk to human safety or the environment, the DGTCC will archive the application and order the cessation of operations of the relevant tank or tanks, the removal of stored fuel, and the degassing of the systems; this shall be communicated to the respective Health Rectory Area for action within its competencies. If the applicant meets the legal and technical requirements, the DGTCC proceeds with the authorization recommendation and the Minister issues the formal authorization resolution.
In accordance with the foregoing, the DGTCC has acted within its competency and in compliance with due process, having duly attended to the complaint submitted by the company on several occasions; and, as the appellant correctly notes, it has transferred the matter to the institutions competent to address and resolve the complaint. It is important to inform the appellant that the DGTCC is only authorized to exercise the competencies conferred upon it in accordance with the principle of legality; case law indicates that: "A postulate pursuant to which the public administration may only exercise its powers within the framework of competencies, procedures, conditions, and limits established in the prevailing legal order. III. […]. The principle of legality [in administrative matters] constitutes one of the fundamental pillars of every Rule-of-Law State. It presupposes that the Administration is fully subject both to the law, in a broad sense, and to the law as a whole.
It implies that administrative action must necessarily conform to the entirety of the normative system, whether written or unwritten — that is, to what is known as the block of legality (bloque de legalidad). The subjection of administrative action to the legal order means that the rule is erected as the prior and necessary foundation of its activity. This implies that at all times a normative authorization is required that simultaneously justifies and permits the conduct undertaken so that it may be considered lawful — indeed, not merely lawful but also not prohibited. Consequently, any act of the Administration that is at odds with the block of legality constitutes a breach of the legal order." (Administrative Tribunal, Section III, No. 326 of 09:10 h of April 27, 2001).
Regarding the complaint filed on November 26, 2025, requesting an inspection before the DGTCC, we inform this honorable Court that said complaint was duly addressed by means of official communication Carta-DGTCC-DL-MINAE-2026-0051 dated February 10 of this year, in which the scope of the DGTCC's competency to supervise the self-consumption tank — once it has obtained authorization for its operation through the Single Investment Window — was explained in detail to Lic. Nombre01." The Director requests that the writ be dismissed.
The opinion is authored by Justice Araya García; and,
Considering:
I.Taking into account that the facts set forth in the petition for relief are directly related to those being examined in the amparo writ being processed under file number 26-001594-0007-CO, the Court considers that the appropriate course of action is to order the consolidation (acumulación) of the present matter with said proceeding, for reasons of procedural economy.
II.Documentation submitted to the file. The party is hereby notified that, if any paper documents, objects, or evidence contained in any additional electronic, computer-based, magnetic, optical, telematic, or new-technology device have been submitted, these must be retrieved from the court offices within a maximum period of 30 business days from the date of notification of this judgment. Otherwise, all material not retrieved within that period will be destroyed, pursuant to the provisions of the "Regulations on Electronic Case Files before the Judicial Branch," approved by the Full Court in session No. 27-11 of August 22, 2011, Article XXVI, and published in Judicial Gazette No. 19 of January 26, 2012, as well as the agreement approved by the Superior Council of the Judicial Branch in session No. 43-12 held on May 3, 2012, Article LXXXI.
Por tanto:
The present matter shall be consolidated with the amparo writ being processed under file number 26-001594-0007-CO.
Fernando Castillo V. President Fernando Cruz C.
Paul Rueda L. — Luis Fdo. Salazar A.
Jorge Araya G. — Anamari Garro V.
Ingrid Hess H.
Revisión del Documento SALA CONSTITUCIONAL DE LA CORTE SUPREMA DE JUSTICIA. San José, a las nueve horas veinticinco minutos del diecisiete de julio de dos mil veintiseis .
Recurso de amparo que se tramita en expediente número 26-002928-0007-CO, interpuesto por Nombre01, cédula de identidad CED05, contra la MUNICIPALIDAD DE PUNTARENAS y el MINISTERIO DE AMBIENTE Y ENERGÍA.
Resultando:
Redacta el Magistrado Araya García; y,
Considerando:
I.Tomando en cuenta que los hechos que se plantean en el libelo de interposición guardan relación directa con los que se conocen en el recurso de amparo que se tramita bajo el expediente número 26-001594-0007-CO, la Sala estima que lo procedente es ordenar la acumulación del presente asunto a dicho proceso, por razones de economía procesal.
II.Documentación aportada al expediente. Se previene a la parte que, de haber aportado algún documento en papel, así como objetos o pruebas contenidas en algún dispositivo adicional de carácter electrónico, informático, magnético, óptico, telemático o producido por nuevas tecnologías, éstos deberán ser retirados del despacho en un plazo máximo de 30 días hábiles contados a partir de la notificación de esta sentencia. De lo contrario, será destruido todo aquel material que no sea retirado dentro de este plazo, según lo dispuesto en el “Reglamento sobre Expediente Electrónico ante el Poder Judicial”, aprobado por la Corte Plena en sesión No. 27-11 de 22 de agosto de 2011, artículo XXVI y publicado en el Boletín Judicial número 19 de 26 de enero de 2012, así como en el acuerdo aprobado por el Consejo Superior del Poder Judicial, en la sesión No. 43-12 celebrada el 3 de mayo de 2012, artículo LXXXI.
Por tanto:
Acumúlese el presente asunto al recurso de amparo que se tramita bajo el expediente número 26-001594-0007-CO.
Fernando Castillo V.
Fernando Cruz C.
Paul Rueda L.
Luis Fdo. Salazar A.
Jorge Araya G.
Anamari Garro V.
Ingrid Hess H.
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