RESOLUTION Nº 40042 - 2025 Date of Resolution: December 2, 2025, at 9:20 a.m.
Case File: 25-035918-0007-CO Type of Matter: Amparo appeal * CASE FILE N° 25-035918-0007-CO PROCEEDING: AMPARO APPEAL RESOLUTION Nº 2025040042 CONSTITUTIONAL CHAMBER OF THE SUPREME COURT OF JUSTICE. San José, at nine hours twenty minutes on December second, two thousand twenty-five.
An amparo appeal filed by Nombre52966, identity card CED26763, on behalf of Nombre52967, identity card CED26764; Nombre50719, none; Nombre50720; none, Nombre52968, identity card CED26765; Nombre52969, none, Nombre52970, none; against the MUNICIPALITY OF HEREDIA.
Considering:
- 1By written submission incorporated into the Chamber's digital case file at 5:53 p.m. on November 17, 2025, the appellant files an amparo appeal against the Municipality of Heredia. They state the following: "The undersigned: Nombre52966, of legal age, resident of Dirección1118 and holder of identity card CED26766, file an Amparo Appeal against the Municipal Council and the Mayor's Office of the Municipality of Heredia, based on the provisions of Article 29 et seq. and concordant articles of the Law of Constitutional Jurisdiction and for the following situations described below: That my family group is composed of 7 people who live at Dirección1118, Dirección2746, in front of the Barrio Fátima Sports Complex which is located on the west side of our property, said public sports center is administered by the Sports Committee of Heredia with the authorization of the Municipal Council of the Municipality of Heredia.Our family group is made up of the following members: Our elderly parents Nombre52967, 88 years old, Nombre50720, 93 years old, siblings: Nombre52971, 69 years old, Nombre52972, Nombre52973, Nombre52974, and Nombre52966. FIRST EVIDENTIARY ELEMENT: On September 23, 2025, I filed a formal brief before the Municipal Council of the Municipality of Heredia in which a complaint is raised against the Sports Committee of Heredia, which administers the Barrio Fátima sports complex with the endorsement of the Municipal Council. (I attach an email sent to the institutional email of the Municipality of Heredia corresponding to the Municipal official Mrs. Nombre52975, secretary of the Municipal Council of the Municipality of Heredia.) I must point out that other complaints filed by the undersigned before said Municipal Council have been processed and addressed through the email of the Municipal Council secretary and they have been admitted. 2 Print screen of the email sent with the complaint to Mrs.Nombre52975, secretary of the Municipal Council of the Municipality of Heredia. SECOND EVIDENTIARY ELEMENT: On September 30, 2025, I received from municipal official Mrs. Nombre52976, secretary of the Municipal Council of the Municipality of Heredia, official letter No. TRASLADO -MH-CM-SCM-1838-2025, with which said secretary indicates that by request of the Presidency of the Municipal Council, the undersigned's complaint is referred to the Government and Administration Commission of the Municipality of Heredia, it should be noted that said official letter does not indicate what the Municipal Council's instruction to said Commission is. 3 Print screen of the email sent by Mrs. Nombre52976 from the Secretariat of the Municipal Council of the Municipality of Heredia. 4 Official Letter No. TRASLADO -MH-CM-SCM-1838-2025 THIRD EVIDENTIARY ELEMENT: In my complaint before the Municipal Council of the Municipality of Heredia, I argued that as a result of activities carried out at the Fátima Sports Complex, there is the presence of THREE FORMS OF CONTAMINATION (LIGHT, NOISE, AND BY DUST AND DIRT PRODUCED BY GARDEN MACHINERY), such forms of contamination were duly demonstrated before said Municipal Council with the contribution of documentary and photographic evidence that can be seen in each of the sections of the complaint attached to this appeal as evidence; in summary, I denounced before said Council the following harmful facts for the undersigned and my family: “(...) FIRST: In 2018, the undersigned and my family group filed a complaint with the Heredia office of the Ministry of Health for a problem of noise contamination from sound equipment, contamination produced at the Barrio Fátima Sports Complex, it is important to indicate that said zone is classified before that Municipality and before the Ministry of Health itself as a Residential Zone, and based on that classification, the undersigned, as the registered owner, pays municipal taxes.On that occasion, the Ministry of Health issued Health Order No. CN-ARSH-S-137-2018 against the Fátima Sports Complex. 5 SECOND: That again in 2019, the representatives of the Sports Complex ignored the health order from 2018, so we filed a new complaint for noise contamination with the Ministry of Health, and in April 2019, the Ministry issued HEALTH ORDER CN-ARSH-S-135-2019 against the Fátima Sports Complex, because during daytime and nighttime hours, a group of people authorized by representatives of the Sports Complex violated the maximum noise levels allowed in the Regulation for the Control of Noise Contamination. See attached Health Order: (DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE…) THIRD: That, given a new breach of said health order and a new complaint by the undersigned, in 2021, the Ministry of Health again warned the Sports Committee and the Municipal Mayor of the closure of the Fátima Sports Complex as set forth in official letter MS-DRRSH-1334-20219 of May 10, 2019: (DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE …) FOURTH: That as a result of such health orders, the possibility of using sound equipment in said Sports Complex was eliminated, and that in the event of any contempt of said health orders that demonstrated irresponsibility and the violation of the Regulation that regulates noise, the Fátima Sports Complex may be subject to total closure if a repetition of the same facts is reported again.FIFTH: NEW FORMS OF NOISE AND LIGHT CONTAMINATION: That for several years now and after the Covid-19 pandemic, the Administration of the Sports Complex has been allowing the entry of groups of people who accompany the soccer teams, who I understand rent the field. In addition, when matches are held, the entry of people with whistles and sometimes with cans to make noise during daytime and nighttime hours is allowed, which again violates our rights as neighbors of this center due to noise contamination, since groups of up to 50 people shout and vociferate as if they were in a stadium, which violates our right to tranquility and social peace, a situation that the new Regulation for noise control in its latest current version is stricter than the previous one. (REGULATION FOR THE CONTROL OF AMBIENT NOISE. Executive Decree 44486-S), a situation that has also been condemned in several cases by the Constitutional Chamber.In addition, we have tolerated with great patience the excessive lighting that emanates from the lighting poles of the plaza and that irregularly and abusively illuminates my property and disturbs family rest during nights when matches are held, since said lighting filters into the corridor of my property and through the windows of the Living Room and the undersigned's bedroom, both facing the plaza. Despite such light disturbance, we had endured such abuse; however, the administrators of the Sports Complex in the last two weeks made the incorrect decision to change the old plaza lighting and replace it with new lighting that is now even brighter and illuminates my property more strongly to the point of almost blinding the view when at the entrance of my property, such a situation is intolerable and disturbs our rights as neighbors. 6 It is important to indicate that I understand a MULTI-MILLION EXPENDITURE was made (I suppose authorized by that Municipal Council) in changing said contaminating lighting, while there are other needs or priorities in said Sports Complex that are truly relevant, such as providing MAINTENANCE OF THE PERIMETER FENCE WHICH IS VERY RUSTED, AND THE INTERNAL WALLS ON THE WEST SIDE OF THE SPORTS COMPLEX THAT SHOW NEGLECT, AND THE PLACEMENT OF SECURITY CAMERAS in the skating area so that drugs are not consumed or the sports complex is not used as a public restroom.Furthermore, during the nights when matches are held, they extend until 11 p.m., an absolutely IRREGULAR and disturbing situation, both due to the light contamination and the noise contamination produced in the sports complex from the whistles, shouts of the “players,” and shouts from the public that is allowed to enter at the ends of the field, which seriously affects our right to family rest and communal peace. I attach photographic evidence where not only is light contamination against my property demonstrated, but also contamination with dust from the plaza. The photographs show the date and time the contamination was produced, proving that soccer matches extend until almost ELEVEN O'CLOCK AT NIGHT. (...) PHOTOGRAPHIC EVIDENCE 9 PHOTOGRAPHS WITH DATE AND TIME SIXTH: DUST CONTAMINATION. Another contaminating element produced by the Fátima Sports Complex to the detriment of my family group is DUST contamination, dust that the sports complex workers extract when using a lawn mower, a strange situation because there is not enough grass and yet they use the machine to scrape the dirt producing clouds of dust that, with the wind, settle on the entrance and roof of my property and that harms the respiratory health of my sister Nombre50719 in her health problem as an ASTHMATIC.PHOTOGRAPHIC EVIDENCE: DUST CONTAMINATION PRODUCED BY A SPORTS COMPLEX WORKER WITH A LAWN MOWER ON SEPTEMBER 18, 2025, SAID DUST CLOUDS END UP ON MY PROPERTY WHICH IS IN FRONT Dirección2978. (PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN FROM THE SECOND FLOOR OF MY PROPERTY) (…) PHOTOGRAPHIC EVIDENCE 4 PHOTOGRAPHS WITH DATE AND TIME As an additional comment, in the previous photographs one can observe the DISORDER produced by remnants of materials that accumulate on the edge of the soccer field, which shows a bad image of the center and poor organization. SEVENTH: A few days ago I requested that Municipal Council certify the operating hours of the Barrio Fátima sports complex and I received as a response REPORT N° 081-2025 AD-2024-2028 issued by the Government and Administration Commission, and in said document the document dated July 18, 2025, signed by Mr. Nombre52977, president of the CCDRH, is transcribed and in which points 1 and 2 state the following: (…) DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE 7 That is, the hours for public use in theory are from 6 am to 6 pm according to point 1 of the transcribed document, however, said statement is not fulfilled since the basketball court is used until 10 pm, and it is also stated in said document that the soccer field has nighttime hours and that only players and team managers can enter it, which is not true, since as I have reported, the entry of groups of up to 50 people or more is allowed, who carry sound objects such as flutes and others to cause noise in support of their teams, and in addition to the noise, the contamination from excessive lighting extends beyond 10:00 p.m., that is, a situation contrary to our rights as inhabitants of a residential zone, furthermore, there is no entry control to the sports complex, bags, coolers, and other bundles that both players and the public arriving at the place enter are not examined, and on many occasions it is evident from people's behavior that they are not consuming only soft drinks, but alcoholic beverages, which increases aggressive and offensive behaviors.On the east side at the entrance that has bleachers and gives access to the skating area and dog park, the entry of people and objects has zero controls, people enter to relieve themselves and carry out other undesirable activities. (…)" Petition: Based on the elements set forth above, the documentary, photographic evidence, and cited constitutional jurisprudence, I have demonstrated that the Sports Committee of Heredia is disrespectful of the regulations governing noise control and that there is also an excess of uncontrolled light. For this reason, I request that this Municipal Council instruct the Sports Committee of Heredia on the following:1) The soccer field lights be modified immediately so that nighttime lighting does not disturb the constitutional rights of my family group, the intensity be reduced and the position of the lights be modified, this due to the degree of light contamination that affects us directly in our home, the lighting must be limited to the boundary of the east side within the soccer field and cannot go beyond that perimeter, since as I have demonstrated, the light reaches my property causing light affectation and disturbance within the dwelling. In this regard, it is important to cite some of the negative effects of excess artificial light: Consequences of light contamination: • Energy waste, since the light is being directed towards the sky, requiring more energy to achieve the necessary illumination. • Glare is produced, which is dangerous for drivers and affects road safety. • Air traffic and maritime traffic are hindered. • Contaminating residues are generated while this excess energy is being produced, such as carbon dioxide or radioactive substances. • The biological cycles of some animals and plants are altered, especially birds, generating disorientation and changes in their biological cycles. Even people's sleep cycles are also 8 altered, as artificial light filters into homes. • Cultural and scientific heritage is lost, as the starry sky disappears. UNESCO declared the starry sky a World Heritage Site in 2008.2) That the private security of the Sports Complex carry out control measures prohibiting the entry of musical instruments, flutes, drums, and control the entry of coolers to prevent entry with alcoholic beverages or other prohibited substances.3) The hours of the soccer field be restricted so that matches are not held beyond 8:30 pm, since in my family group there are two elderly adults of 88 and 93 years old, and the noise produced at night as a result of the matches affects their sleep cycle and that of the rest of the family, consequently our quality of life is affected, this due to the number of people allowed to enter the sports complex as spectators and who produce shouts, vociferations, and noises with horns and others.4) The economic resources that I understand this Municipality transfers to the Sports Committee of Heredia for investment purposes be efficiently controlled and supervised, since as I have previously pointed out, there are priorities in the maintenance of the sports complex that are not being adequately addressed (security and infrastructure) and investments are made in unnecessary projects that, as in the present case, actually cause harm to the community, I specifically refer to the investment in the lighting system.5) The use of the lawn mower be restricted when the grass is not high enough, since as I have demonstrated with photographic evidence, said machine is converted into a dust extraction tractor, a situation that affects my property and the health of my relatives. Without further ado, I await a prompt response and the immediate solution to the affectations already demonstrated with the evidence provided. Failing this, I reserve the right to resort to the corresponding judicial instances to enforce our Constitutional rights and collect the corresponding damages and losses. FOURTH EVIDENTIARY ELEMENT: That on November 11, 2025, I received an email from Municipal official Mrs. Nombre52975, secretary of the Municipal Council of the Municipality of Heredia, by which I am notified of the Municipal Council's agreement, official letter No. ACUERDO-MH-CM-SCM- 2133-2025, by which, by copy, I am informed that my complaint filed before the Municipal Council on September 23, 2025, is now transferred to another municipal body, that is, to the Mayor's Office of Heredia, so that said mayor's office carries out a review of the reported facts, this as the sole recommendation of the Government and Administration Commission. 9 Official letter No. ACUERDO-MH-CM-SCM- 2133-2025 10 Agreement of the Government and Administration Commission FIFTH EVIDENTIARY ELEMENT: As a reference element to the reported problem of noise, light, and dust contamination, I cite ruling No. 13541 of the Constitutional Chamber of October 7, 2011, issued in case file Amparo Appeal 11-009485-0007-CO, where as a result of irregular situations identical to those reported by the undersigned before the Municipal Council of Heredia (for noise, light, and environmental contamination) and which also occurred in a sports center, the Municipality of Santa Ana was condemned by that Court, ruling in favor of the appellant neighbors, for this reason, I cite said ruling as a jurisprudential precedent and in protection of my rights and those of my relatives, since like the cited precedent, there is to our detriment as citizens a clear violation of constitutional rights to health, to privacy, and to the right to enjoy a healthy environment free of contaminating elements in our family environment and within our domicile, such as excessive noise, dust contamination, and light contamination, and consequently a clear impairment of the tranquility 11 of my family group as direct neighbors of the Fátima Sports Complex, and given that despite the filed complaint and the history of noise contamination already proven by the Ministry of Health in previous years in said sports center, to this day we continue to suffer from the indicated contamination because the Administration of the Municipality of Heredia, represented by the Municipal Council of Heredia and the Mayor's Office, have not managed any type of restrictive action to stop this type of abuse that we have been suffering for several years from these 3 types of reported contamination, said harm continues against the undersigned and my entire family group. It is important to emphasize that almost two months after filing the complaint, I have not received a definitive response and a real solution to the reported contamination problem, and the municipal bodies "pass the buck," and that the Mayor's Office itself, represented in 2019 by the former mayor Nombre1519, was notified by the Ministry of Health of the closure and placement of seals on said sports complex, an act that was also notified to the Administrator of the Cantonal Sports Committee of Heredia, at that time the noise contamination problem was due to abusive use with electronic devices in said sports complex, as recorded in the following official letter MS-DRRSCN-DARSH1334-2019, of May 10, 2019: 12 13 Despite the cited administrative precedent cited in my complaint, the case is now transferred by the Municipal Council to the mayor of Heredia, Mrs. Nombre49003, who as vice-mayor co-administered since 2019 together with Mayor Mr. Nombre1519, that is, the municipal action becomes a vicious circle that does not solve the problems despite the time elapsed to the detriment of my family as neighbors of the Barrio Fátima sports complex. SIXTH PROVEN FACT: I emphasize that the complaint filed before the Municipal Council was filed on September 23, 2025, and that, despite such a serious situation to the detriment of our rights, the sports complex at Dirección563 continues to produce the same contamination. And to demonstrate this fact, I provide below photographic evidence that in its lower left margin shows the DATE, PLACE, and TIME each photograph 14 was taken, this to demonstrate that the LIGHT CONTAMINATION produced on our property is caused by the excess artificial light produced by the lighting towers of the soccer field, and the noise disturbance during the nights is produced by the scheduling of matches with the public and until late at night. The light contamination dazzles the entire facade of our property and mainly in the vestibule, the TV room, and the undersigned's room inside the house, where my room is illuminated as if it were daytime, to the extent that for some time I have had to buy special curtains that block the light during the night. Photograph taken on November 12, 2025, at 6:14 p.m. in which the excessive illumination that the entire facade of our property receives is evidenced. The room above the carport corresponds to my bedroom. 15 Entrance door to the living room of my property, the excessive illumination that shines to the detriment is evidenced. View from the vestibule with the lights on in the sports complex for an ongoing soccer match at 8:53 p.m. 16 Photograph taken on November 11, 2025, inside the living room, where the light intensity is evidenced through the decorative glass of the main door. 17 The 3 photographs taken on November 11, 2025, demonstrate the intensity of the luminosity produced by the sports complex lights when opening the door to exit to the vestibule of the house. Said contamination is understood for spaces of more than 4 hours. Note in this last photograph that it was taken at 10:00 p.m. on November 11, 2025. 18 Photograph shows the vestibule of the house without light contamination from the sports complex. Photograph taken on November 11, 2025, at 9:30 p.m., view of the glare in a skylight in an interior hallway of the house. 19 Photographs taken on November 11 and 12, 2025, when opening the door. 20 Photograph taken on November 6, 2025, at 7:39 p.m. inside the television room of my house, if the special curtains to stop the luminosity are not kept closed, it is impossible to watch television due to the visual disturbance produced by the light from the sports complex that invades the enclosure, in a way it is like looking directly at the sun. 21 22 Photographs taken on October 10, 2025, at 7:45 p.m. from one of the windows on the upper floor of my house where there is an office for teleworking and which also serves as a painting workshop. Note the reflection of the light on the roof of my property, which enters through the windows on the upper floor. Photograph taken on October 27, 2025, at 6:07 p.m. in the vestibule of my property. 23 24 These last two photographs demonstrate the intensity of the incandescent light from the light poles of the sports complex at Dirección563, approximately 75 meters away from the plaza. This form of brutal and excessive lighting is such that when driving and arriving at the stop on the corner near my house, a glare is produced that impacts vision and could cause a traffic accident. 25 Reflection of the light from the sports complex that impacts the wall of the stairs at the entrance of my property 26 Photograph taken on October 10, 2025, at 7:45 p.m. from one of the windows on the upper floor of my house where the excessive lighting over the roofs of the neighborhood can be seen. FAMILY DAMAGES SUFFERED AS A RESULT OF THE 3 TYPES OF CONTAMINATION: As a result of the 3 forms of contamination described above, my family group has suffered a series of alterations in daily family life since we have had to stop using the property's vestibule in different activities for the following reasons: a) Since our property is located facing west, before at night we could watch with binoculars through the windows or from the vestibule the planes taking off and landing at Juan Santamaría airport, but with the degree of light contamination we suffer, such activity is impossible. b) For a long time, it has been impossible to read a book or sit and talk in the property's vestibule, either due to the noise of shouts, vociferations, whistles during nighttime matches that extend beyond 10 p.m. and 27 also due to light contamination. This has turned this part of the house into a mere passageway. c) You cannot watch television in the living room with the curtains open since excessive light enters through the living room window and prevents you from watching TV correctly, forcing you to always be with the window and curtains closed. d) The undersigned cannot go to bed early when there are nighttime activities in the sports complex, due to the shouts, whistles, and excessive light that prevent me from falling asleep, since my bedroom faces the sports complex. Window of the undersigned's bedroom. e) If any family member needs to use the office located on the upper floor during the nights, the noise and light contamination are a factor that causes inattention and disturbance for working or doing any other activity. f) When they cut the grass in the sports complex plaza, the workers abuse the use of the lawn mower and cause clouds of dust and dirt that end up settling in the vestibule and roof of our property. 28 g) I must indicate that the sports complex at Dirección563 is composed of a soccer field, a basketball court, and a skating rink, and that none of these areas have bleachers since it is not a stadium, which is why the massive entry of people as companions to sports activities is one of the triggering factors of the noise disturbance, since the entry of large groups of people is allowed in a zone that is not designed to receive the public as companions, said sports complex was designed along the same lines as private gyms where only the person performing the activity can enter. 29 OTHER ATTACHMENTS AS PHOTOGRAPHIC EVIDENCE TAKEN ON DIFFERENT DAYS FOR MONTHS. 30 31 32 33 34 Even being in the house's carport is a reason for visual disturbance. 35 36 37 38 Health order issued by the Ministry of Health against the Fátima Sports Complex in 2019 for noise contamination from sound equipment during nighttime hours. PETITION: Precautionary measure requested to be issued: With due respect, I request this respectable Court to issue a precautionary measure against the Municipal Council and the Mayor's Office of Heredia, with the aim that said municipal bodies proceed to order the Sports Committee of Heredia to temporarily suspend all activity at the Barrio Fátima Sports Complex in Heredia, in order to protect the undersigned and my family group from the harmful effects of the three types of contamination produced to our detriment, since as is evident there is a clear violation of the right to health, right to privacy, and the right to enjoy a healthy environment within our property, and said sports complex has already infringed these rights in the past, this while said municipal authorities diligently address the filed complaint and order the elimination of 39 the disturbances reported by means of the administrative and technical measures required to protect our constitutional rights. That this amparo appeal be granted, ordering the municipal authorities to take the necessary actions to stop the reported disturbances. That the Municipality of Heredia be condemned to pay damages and losses."
- 2Article 9 of the Law of Constitutional Jurisdiction empowers the Chamber to reject outright or on the merits, at any time, even from its presentation, any action brought to its attention that is manifestly improper, or when it considers that there are sufficient elements of judgment to reject it, or that it is the simple reiteration or reproduction of an equal or similar previous rejected action.
Drafted by Magistrate Nombre209; and,
Considering:
I. PURPOSE OF THE APPEAL
The appellant states that on September 23, 2025, they filed a complaint before the Municipal Council of Heredia against the Sports Committee of Heredia (by virtue of light, noise, and dust contamination produced by garden machinery).
This complaint was referred to the Government and Administration Committee (Comisión de Gobierno y Administración) of the Municipality of Heredia and subsequently to the mayor's office. It claims that to date no definitive response or real solution to the reported problem has been obtained. It mentions the damages suffered as a result of that contamination. It requests that the respondent be ordered to take action to stop the reported disturbances.
II. ON THE SPECIFIC CASE
In this case, it must be clarified that, as of vote number 2008-02545 of 8:55 a.m. on February 22, 2008, this Chamber has referred to the contentious-administrative jurisdiction — with some exceptions — those matters in which it is disputed whether the public administration has complied or not with the deadlines set by the General Law of Public Administration (Ley General de la Administración Pública) (articles 261 and 325) or sectoral laws for special administrative procedures, to resolve an administrative procedure by final act — initiated ex officio or at the request of a party — or to hear the appropriate administrative appeals. Precisely, in this appeal, an exception is raised, as it concerns an alleged lack of response to an environmental complaint. However, given that at the time this appeal was filed (November 17, 2025), the 2-month period available to the Administration to resolve that request (submitted on September 23, 2025) had not yet elapsed, the Chamber considers that the amparo is premature and its rejection is warranted. Ergo, the appeal is declared inadmissible.
III. DOCUMENTATION PROVIDED IN THE CASE FILE
The parties are warned that if any paper document has been provided, as well as objects or evidence contained in any additional electronic, computer, magnetic, optical, telematic device or one produced by new technologies, these must be retrieved from the office within a maximum period of 30 business days counted from the notification of this judgment. Otherwise, any material not retrieved within this period will be destroyed, pursuant to the provisions of the "Regulations on Electronic Case Files before the Judicial Branch" (Reglamento sobre Expediente Electrónico ante el Poder Judicial), approved by the Full Court (Corte Plena) in session No. 27-11 of August 22, 2011, article XXVI and published in Judicial Bulletin (Boletín Judicial) number 19 of January 26, 2012, as well as in the agreement approved by the Superior Council of the Judicial Branch (Consejo Superior del Poder Judicial), in session No. 43-12 held on May 3, 2012, article LXXXI.
Therefore:
The appeal is rejected outright.
Fernando Castillo V.
President Name210.
Paul Rueda L.
Luis Fdo. Salazar A.
Jorge Araya G.
Anamari Garro V.
Ingrid Hess H.
Telephones: 2549-1500 / 800-SALA-4TA (800-7252-482). Fax: Telf07 / Telf08. Electronic address: www.poder-judicial.go.cr/salaconstitucional. Address: (Dirección09, Dirección05, 100 mts. South of the Perpetuo Socorro church).
It is a faithful copy of the original - Taken from the Nexus.PJ on: 05-08-2026 11:50:53.