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Res. 36248-2025 Sala Constitucional · Sala Constitucional · 04/11/2025
OutcomeResultado
The Constitutional Chamber orders joinder with amparo 25-027760-0007-CO due to connection of subject matter and parties, without a substantive decision.La Sala Constitucional acumula el expediente al amparo 25-027760-0007-CO por conexidad en el objeto y sujetos, sin pronunciamiento de fondo.
SummaryResumen
The Constitutional Chamber hears an amparo filed by residents of Mata de Plátano, Goicoechea, against the Ministry of Health, the Municipality of Goicoechea, and the Municipality of San José. The petitioners claim that Finca El Maderal, owned by the Municipality of San José, contains secondary forest, springs, and streams, and that the authorities intend to fell trees and install a Recyclable Waste Recovery Center, violating the right to a healthy environment (Article 50 of the Constitution). They allege a reduced bidding process authorizes massive tree-felling. The municipalities and the Ministry deny the accusations: the farm belongs to the Municipality of San José; the bidding is only for lawn and weed maintenance, not tree-felling or construction; the waste recovery project is conceptual. The Ministry clarifies that the Municipal Integrated Waste Management Plan for Goicoechea has not been approved and the mention of the farm was referential and is being removed. Finding a connection with another amparo (file 25-027760-0007-CO) concerning the same property and issues, the Chamber joins this matter to that case to avoid contradictory rulings. No substantive decision is made; the ruling is solely procedural joinder and a warning about document retrieval.La Sala Constitucional conoce un recurso de amparo interpuesto por vecinos de Mata de Plátano, Goicoechea, contra el Ministerio de Salud, la Municipalidad de Goicoechea y la Municipalidad de San José. Los recurrentes alegan que en la Finca El Maderal, propiedad de la Municipalidad de San José, existen bosque secundario, nacientes y quebradas, y que las autoridades pretenden talar árboles e instalar un Centro de Recuperación de Residuos Valorizables, vulnerando el derecho a un ambiente sano (artículo 50 constitucional). Indican que una licitación reducida autoriza la tala masiva. Las municipalidades y el Ministerio de Salud niegan las acusaciones: la Finca es de la Municipalidad de San José, la licitación mencionada es de simple limpieza de zacate y maleza, sin tala de árboles ni obra constructiva, y el proyecto de valorización de residuos está en fase conceptual. El Ministerio de Salud aclara que el Plan Municipal de Gestión Integral de Residuos (PMGIRS) de Goicoechea no ha sido aprobado y la mención a la finca fue referencial, en proceso de eliminación. La Sala observa conexidad con otro amparo (expediente 25-027760-0007-CO) sobre el mismo inmueble y temática, por lo que, para evitar resoluciones contradictorias, resuelve acumular este asunto a aquel. No se emite pronunciamiento de fondo; la resolución es estrictamente de acumulación y prevención sobre retiro de documentos.
Key excerptExtracto clave
WHEREAS: II. JOINDER OF PROCEEDINGS. Given the evident connection between the matters discussed in the amparo being processed before this Chamber under file number 25-027760-0007-CO and the subject of this amparo, since both are related to tree felling and the intended use of Finca El Maderal in Goicoechea to build a Recyclable Waste Recovery Center; and that, according to the petitioners, this violates the right to a healthy and ecologically balanced environment, and in order to avoid contradictory rulings, this matter is hereby joined to said amparo. III. DOCUMENTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FILE. The parties are warned that any paper documents submitted, as well as objects or evidence contained in additional electronic, computer, magnetic, optical, telematic devices or produced by new technologies, must be withdrawn from the office within a maximum period of thirty business days from the notification of this decision. Otherwise, any material not withdrawn within this period shall be destroyed, pursuant to the "Regulation on Electronic Case Files before the Judiciary", approved by the Full Court in Session No. 27-11 of August 22, 2011, Article XXVI and published in Judicial Bulletin No. 19 of January 26, 2012, as well as the agreement approved by the Superior Council of the Judiciary in Session No. 43-12 held on May 3, 2012, Article LXXXI. THEREFORE: This matter is joined to the amparo processed before this Chamber under file number 25-027760-0007-CO.CONSIDERANDO: II.- ACUMULACIÓN DE PROCESOS. Visto que existe una evidente conexidad entre lo discutido en el recurso de amparo que se tramita ante esta Sala bajo expediente N° 25-027760-0007-CO y el objeto de este amparo, ya que ambos se encuentran relacionados con la tala de árboles y el uso que se le dará a la Finca El Maderal, en Goicoechea, para construir un Centro de Recuperación de Residuos Valorizables; y que, según el dicho de los recurrentes, atenta contra el derecho a un ambiente sano y ecológicamente equilibrado, a fin de evitar resoluciones contradictorias, acumúlese este asunto al recurso indicado. III.- DOCUMENTACIÓN APORTADA AL EXPEDIENTE. Se previene a las partes que, de haber aportado algún documento en papel, así como objetos o pruebas contenidas en algún dispositivo adicional de carácter electrónico, informático, magnético, óptico, telemático o producido por nuevas tecnologías, estos deberán ser retirados del despacho en un plazo máximo de treinta días hábiles, contados a partir de la notificación de esta sentencia. De lo contrario, será destruido todo aquel material que no sea retirado dentro de este plazo, según lo dispuesto en el "Reglamento sobre Expediente Electrónico ante el Poder Judicial", aprobado por la Corte Plena en Sesión N° 27-11, del 22 de agosto del 2011, artículo XXVI y publicado en el Boletín Judicial N° 19, del 26 de enero del 2012, así como en el acuerdo aprobado por el Consejo Superior del Poder Judicial, en la Sesión N° 43-12, celebrada el 3 de mayo del 2012, artículo LXXXI. Por tanto: Se acumula este asunto al recurso de amparo que se tramita ante esta Sala en el expediente número 25-027760-0007-CO.
Pull quotesCitas destacadas
"Visto que existe una evidente conexidad entre lo discutido en el recurso de amparo que se tramita ante esta Sala bajo expediente N° 25-027760-0007-CO y el objeto de este amparo, ya que ambos se encuentran relacionados con la tala de árboles y el uso que se le dará a la Finca El Maderal, en Goicoechea, para construir un Centro de Recuperación de Residuos Valorizables; y que, según el dicho de los recurrentes, atenta contra el derecho a un ambiente sano y ecológicamente equilibrado, a fin de evitar resoluciones contradictorias, acumúlese este asunto al recurso indicado."
"Given the evident connection between the matters discussed in the amparo being processed before this Chamber under file number 25-027760-0007-CO and the subject of this amparo, since both are related to tree felling and the intended use of Finca El Maderal in Goicoechea to build a Recyclable Waste Recovery Center; and that, according to the petitioners, this violates the right to a healthy and ecologically balanced environment, and in order to avoid contradictory rulings, this matter is hereby joined to said amparo."
Considerando II
"Visto que existe una evidente conexidad entre lo discutido en el recurso de amparo que se tramita ante esta Sala bajo expediente N° 25-027760-0007-CO y el objeto de este amparo, ya que ambos se encuentran relacionados con la tala de árboles y el uso que se le dará a la Finca El Maderal, en Goicoechea, para construir un Centro de Recuperación de Residuos Valorizables; y que, según el dicho de los recurrentes, atenta contra el derecho a un ambiente sano y ecológicamente equilibrado, a fin de evitar resoluciones contradictorias, acumúlese este asunto al recurso indicado."
Considerando II
Full documentDocumento completo
Constitutional Chamber Date of Resolution: November 4, 2025 at 09:35 Case File: 25-029475-0007-CO Type of Matter: Amparo appeal CONSTITUTIONAL CHAMBER OF THE SUPREME COURT OF JUSTICE. San José, at nine thirty-five on November fourth, two thousand twenty-five.
Amparo appeal processed under case file number 25-029475-0007-CO, filed by Nombre45343, identity card CED22924, Nombre45344, identity card CED22925, Nombre45345, identity card CED22926, Nombre45346, identity card CED22927, Nombre45347, identity card CED22928, Nombre45348, identity card CED22929, Nombre45349, identity card CED22930, Nombre45350, identity card CED22931, against the MUNICIPALITY OF GOICOECHEA and the MINISTRY OF HEALTH.
WHEREAS:
With a predominance of cover of giant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and star grass (Cynodon nlemfuensis). Toward the central sectors of the farm there are segmented areas of secondary forest with a combination of native and exotic species present. Some are considered fruit trees. Evidence that at some point urban development activities or some type of settlement took place on the farm. In addition to the above, there is a predominance of fast-growing species colonizing clearings and some more durable species typical of montane forests. It is worth mentioning that in sectors with some degree of slope, the ground cover consists of patches of palm popularly known as Pacaya (Chamaedorea elegans) and thicket (tacotal). In the areas with water springs (nacientes) and ravines, there is a predominance of areas in a state of succession toward thicket cover (cobertura de tacotal) and herbaceous plants such as Job's tears (Lagrima de San Pedro, Coix lachryma-jobi).
Among the forest species identified for the farm, the following stand out: Lengua de Vaca (Miconia xalapensis), Güitite (Acnistus arborescens), Guarumo (Cecropia sp), Piper (Piper sp), Tuete (Vernonia sp) Nombre45352 (Citharexyllun donnell smithii), Nombre45354 (Ficus sp), Nombre45355 (Croton draco), Nombre45356 (Trema micrantha), Nombre45357 (Erythrina sp), Uruca (Trichilia havanensis), Aguacatillo/Quizarrá (Nectandra sp), Yoss (Sapium sp), Guaba (Inga sp), Manzana rosa (Syzygium gambos), Guayaba (Psidium guajava), among others. In the main forest patch of this farm, the tree species are characterized by having smaller diameters, with predominant diameter classes between 12 and 25 centimeters at breast height. No forest species of significant commercial value or endemic species were located.” Regarding the Land Use (Uso de Suelo) of the property El Maderal, registered under real folio number: 1 00347263-000, we must indicate that there exists the Land Use Certificate issued by the Directorate of Engineering, Operations and Urbanism of the Municipality of Goicoechea on August 7, 2025, under the observations and conditions set forth in official letter MG-AG-DI-01949-2025, signed by the Director of the indicated department, Engineer Mario Iván Rojas Sánchez.
Likewise, it is reported that through official letter UTGVM-041 issued by the process head of the Technical Unit for Road Management of the Municipality of San José, the following was stated: “…, I inform you that this is a matter outside the competencies and jurisdiction addressed by the Municipal Technical Unit for Road Management…”. As can be observed, the matter concerning the current conditions of the farm (vegetation, forest cover (cobertura boscosa), etc.) was addressed by the Section of Parks and Urban Arboriculture in official letter 535-2025 mentioned. Likewise, as part of the required reports and documentary evidence, official letter SPAU-535-2025 from the Section of Parks and Urban Arboriculture is provided, which details the information related to the vegetation existing on the real property, and photographs reflecting the current state of said place, confirming the true environmental situation currently occurring at the site, the report states the following: “…
With the purpose of providing a report on the condition of plant cover of the Farm known by the name “El Maderal”, located in the district of Mata de Plátano, Canton Goicoechea, Province San José and owned by the Municipality of San José. The farm is specifically located in PROVINCE 01 SAN JOSE DISTRICT 04 MATA DE PLATANO CANTON 08 GOICOECHEA OTHER - LA ESTEFANA Other indications; from Dirección2566, 350 m northwest, 400 m east, farm on left side. The registry and cadastral information indicates that the real folio: 1 00347263-000 Cadastral map: SJ-2238346-2020 Owned by: Municipality of San José Legal ID: CED22932. It has an area according to the national registry: 111,754.00 m² and an area according to the cadastre: 111,754.00 m². Current boundaries: NORTH La Estefana S.A. EAST La Estefana S.A. The farm, according to the visit conducted on July 31 of the current year, can be classified as a terrain presenting areas of pastureland and thicket (tacotal) and with typical segmentation of a secondary forest.
The ecological succession of the farm between scrub (charral) and thicket (tacotal) occurs toward the southern and northeastern sectors. With a predominance of cover of giant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and star grass (Cynodon nlemfuensis). Toward the central sectors of the farm there are segmented areas of secondary forest with a combination of native and exotic species present. Some are considered fruit trees. Evidence that at some point urban development activities or some type of settlement took place on the farm. In addition to the above, there is a predominance of fast-growing species colonizing clearings and some more durable species typical of montane forests. It is worth mentioning that in sectors with some degree of slope, the ground cover consists of patches of palm popularly known as Pacaya (Chamaedorea elegans) and thicket (tacotal). In the areas with water springs (nacientes) and ravines, there is a predominance of areas in a state of succession toward thicket cover (cobertura de tacotal) and herbaceous plants such as Job's tears (Lagrima de San Pedro, Coix lachryma-jobi).
Among the forest species identified for the farm, the following stand out: Lengua de Vaca (Miconia xalapensis), Güitite (Acnistus arborescens), Guarumo (Cecropia sp), Piper (Piper sp), Tuete (Vernonia sp) Nombre45352 (Citharexyllun donnell smithii), Nombre45354 (Ficus sp), Nombre45355 (Croton draco), Nombre45356 (Trema micrantha), Nombre45357 (Erythrina sp), Uruca (Trichilia havanensis), Aguacatillo/Quizarrá (Nectandra sp), Yoss (Sapium sp), Guaba (Inga sp), Manzana rosa (Syzygium gambos), Guayaba (Psidium guajava), among others. In the main forest patch of this farm, the tree species are characterized by having smaller diameters, with predominant diameter classes between 12 and 25 centimeters at breast height. No forest species of significant commercial value or endemic species were located. Similarly, regarding the matter of the bidding process (licitación) mentioned in the brief filing the appeal (recurso) that concerns us, the Administrative Directorate, via Official Letter DA-485-2025, stated the following: “…The contracting of the cleaning of Finca El Maderal arises from the need to contract a maintenance and cleaning service, cutting of weeds, it is an ordinary activity that must be carried out during the year to protect the farm.
The goal pursued by the contracting is to keep the farm in optimal conditions (fenced, clean, free of garbage, free of weeds, free of grass, etc.). Given that we are in the rainy season, the grass and weeds grow a lot, which is why the Municipality of San José, being the registered owner of the farm, seeks to keep it clean. The request was made through ABBREVIATED BIDDING PROCESS CONTRACTING N°2025LD000234-0015499999 This is the name given to the request: “Contracting service for maintenance and cleaning of green areas (grass, weeds, and pruning and cutting of trees and shrubs) of 12 Ha 2513.59 square meters, on Finca El Maderal, one month after cleaning, in permitted areas apply chemical weed controller that complies with current environmental regulations”. Basically, the contracting is based on: 1- Cleaning of the green areas as indicated (grass, weeds). 2- The pruning and cutting of trees and shrubs is carried out only when there are specimens that are 100% completely dry near the mesh fence or the sidewalk of La Estefanía, and the pruning is limited to sanitation actions to remove lianas (parasites) that may affect the healthy growth of the trees, And not trees that are in perfect condition, as we are aware that permits from specialized and responsible entities are necessary for this. 3- It is established that tree pruning will only be carried out when they are completely dry and pose a risk to pedestrians near the mesh fence, thus justifying the intervention in these specific cases. 4- The final decision on the interventions corresponds to the engineer, but no additional action will be taken beyond what is specified for the pruning and cutting of dry or dangerous trees. 5- The chemical controller is to remove weeds in permitted areas without affecting the springs (nacientes).
In these permitted areas, trees are growing that will further enlarge the area of secondary forest, and it is necessary to protect it in the initial growth stage. Within the technical specifications, the same is detailed; the contractor must present a schedule of the activities carried out on the farm. From the Administrative Directorate, upon the initiation of work by the contracted company, in this case “COMPAÑIA DE INSUMOS AGROPECUARIOS LA UNION SOCIEDAD ANONIMA”, supervision is carried out to observe the initial works. These photographs were taken on Monday, October 6, 2025. Likewise, upon completion of the cleaning by the contracted company, supervision of the work performed is carried out. It is extremely important to have certified engineers for the care of the secondary forest and the water springs (nacientes). Therefore, the need for specialized engineers is noted in the admissibility requirements.
As can be seen from the photographic evidence, the municipality is carrying out a cleaning of the property due to the grass and weeds currently found at great height because of the rainy season...¨ REGARDING THE BRIEF FILED BY THE APPELLANTS: As can be observed in the content of this report, and based on the documents issued by the different related areas, it is clear that the Municipality has carried out all the actions that fall within the possible legal framework for the institution, given that, as recorded in the attached documents, there is no damage or possible damage to the environment as alleged in the present appeal (recurso), all technical and legal provisions have been followed for the analysis of the species found within the property, given that no species has been cut down or eliminated in contravention of the established environmental provisions for their protection, guaranteeing that there is no violation of any fundamental right of the appellants or any inhabitant of the canton, likewise it is observed that the bidding process (licitación) mentioned was used for the necessary cleaning and maintenance of the property in question, a report is attached detailing the particular aspects of said bidding process which do not coincide with the statements of the appellant, who initially points out an alleged inventory of the number of trees whose origin and existence are unknown to us, emphasizing that the necessary environmental measures have always been taken.
Therefore, the undersigned has provided all the necessary information, no omission that affects the interests of any person is observed, and we therefore request that the present appeal (recurso) be dismissed or declared without merit from this point onward. It requests the Chamber to declare the appeal (recurso) without merit.
Redacted by Judge Salazar Alvarado; and, WHEREAS (Considerando):
The appellants state that they are residents of the Mata de Plátano district, canton of Goicoechea, and that farm number 347263, with map number SJ-2238346-2020, twelve hectares in extent, called Finca El Maderal, is located there. They indicate that this Finca El Maderal possesses secondary forest and, even, apparently primary forest; in addition, it has streams, ravines, and a water spring (naciente) passing through it, and borders the Torres River. They point out that Finca El Maderal currently belongs to the Municipality of San José, and in the year 2024 the “Municipal Plan for Comprehensive Solid Waste Management of the Canton of Goicoechea” was approved for the years 2025 to 2030, in which it was indicated that investment could be made in the construction of a Composting Plant and Center for Recovery of Valuable Waste. They believe that the Municipality of San José itself recognizes the existence of forest, springs (nacientes), streams, and ravines; however, the felling of trees was ordered, authorizing the cutting down of a minimum of 1,400 trees on Finca El Maderal, of which at least one hundred and twenty have trunks over fifteen centimeters, and this is only because the respondent municipalities intend to install a Center for Recovery of Valuable Waste on that farm, all of which violates the right contained in Article 50 of the Political Constitution.
Seeing that there is a clear connection between what is discussed in the amparo appeal being processed before this Chamber under case file No. 25-027760-0007-CO and the object of this amparo, since both are related to the felling of trees and the use that will be given to Finca El Maderal, in Goicoechea, to build a Center for Recovery of Valuable Waste; and that, according to the appellants' statement, it threatens the right to a healthy and ecologically balanced environment, in order to avoid contradictory resolutions, let this matter be joined to the indicated appeal.
The parties are warned that, having provided any document on paper, as well as objects or evidence contained in any additional electronic, computer, magnetic, optical, telematic device or one produced by new technologies, these must be removed from the office within a maximum period of thirty business days, counted from the notification of this judgment. Otherwise, all material not removed within this period will be destroyed, in accordance with the provisions of the "Regulation on the Electronic Case File before the Judicial Branch", approved by the Plenary Court in Session No. 27-11, of August 22, 2011, article XXVI and published in Judicial Bulletin No. 19, of January 26, 2012, as well as the agreement approved by the Superior Council of the Judicial Branch, in Session No. 43-12, held on May 3, 2012, article LXXXI.
Therefore (Por tanto):
This matter is joined to the amparo appeal being processed before this Chamber under case file number 25-027760-0007-CO.-
SALA CONSTITUCIONAL DE LA CORTE SUPREMA DE JUSTICIA. San José, a las nueve horas treinta y cinco minutos del cuatro de noviembre de dos mil veinticinco .
Recurso de amparo que se tramita en expediente número 25-029475-0007-CO, interpuesto por Nombre45343, cédula de identidad CED22924, Nombre45344, cédula de identidad CED22925, Nombre45345, cédula de identidad CED22926, Nombre45346, cédula de identidad CED22927, Nombre45347, cédula de identidad CED22928, Nombre45348, cédula de identidad CED22929, Nombre45349, cédula de identidad CED22930, Nombre45350, cédula de identidad CED22931, contra la MUNICIPALIDAD DE GOICOECHEA y el MINISTERIO DE SALUD.
RESULTANDO:
Redacta el MagistradoSalazar Alvarado; y,
CONSIDERANDO:
La parte recurrente indica que son vecinos del distrito Mata de Plátano, cantón de Goicoechea, y que en ese lugar se ubica la finca número 347263, con el plano número SJ-2238346-2020, de doce hectáreas de extensión, llamada Finca El Maderal. Indican que esa Finca El Maderal posee bosque secundario e, incluso, aparentemente primario; además, cuenta con el paso de riachuelos, quebradas y una naciente de agua, y colinda con el río Torres. Señalan que actualmente la Finca El Maderal, pertenece a la Municipalidad de San José, y en el año 2024 se aprobó el “Plan Municipal de Gestión Integral de Residuos Sólidos del Cantón de Goicoechea”, para los años 2025 al 2030, en el cual se indicó se podría invertir en la construcción de una Planta de Compostaje y Centro de Recuperación de Residuos Valorizables. Estiman que la propia Municipalidad de San José reconoce la existencia de bosque, nacientes, riachuelos y quebradas; empero, se ordenó la tala de árboles, autorizando talar en la Finca El Maderal un mínimo de 1.400 árboles, de los cuales al menos ciento veinte tienen más de quince centímetros de tronco y eso solo porque las municipalidades recurridas pretenden instalar en esa finca un Centro de Recuperación de Residuos Valorizables, todo lo cual vulnera el derecho contenido en el ordinal 50, de la Carta Política.
Visto que existe una evidente conexidad entre lo discutido en el recurso de amparo que se tramita ante esta Sala bajo expediente N° 25-027760-0007-CO y el objeto de este amparo, ya que ambos se encuentran relacionados con la tala de árboles y el uso que se le dará a la Finca El Maderal, en Goicoechea, para construir un Centro de Recuperación de Residuos Valorizables; y que, según el dicho de los recurrentes, atenta contra el derecho a un ambiente sano y ecológicamente equilibrado, a fin de evitar resoluciones contradictorias, acumúlese este asunto al recurso indicado.
Se previene a las partes que, de haber aportado algún documento en papel, así como objetos o pruebas contenidas en algún dispositivo adicional de carácter electrónico, informático, magnético, óptico, telemático o producido por nuevas tecnologías, estos deberán ser retirados del despacho en un plazo máximo de treinta días hábiles, contados a partir de la notificación de esta sentencia. De lo contrario, será destruido todo aquel material que no sea retirado dentro de este plazo, según lo dispuesto en el "Reglamento sobre Expediente Electrónico ante el Poder Judicial", aprobado por la Corte Plena en Sesión N° 27-11, del 22 de agosto del 2011, artículo XXVI y publicado en el Boletín Judicial N° 19, del 26 de enero del 2012, así como en el acuerdo aprobado por el Consejo Superior del Poder Judicial, en la Sesión N° 43-12, celebrada el 3 de mayo del 2012, artículo LXXXI.
Por tanto:
Se acumula este asunto al recurso de amparo que se tramita ante esta Sala en el expediente número 25-027760-0007-CO.- Fernando Cruz C.
Presidente a.i Paul Rueda L.
Luis Fdo. Salazar A.
Jorge Araya G.
Ingrid Hess H.
Hubert Fernández A.
Ileana Sánchez N.
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