CONSTITUTIONAL CHAMBER OF THE SUPREME COURT OF JUSTICE. San José, at nine hours and fifteen minutes on the first of August of two thousand twenty-five.
Amparo action processed in case file No. 25-018978-0007-CO, filed by Nombre42521, identity card CED33875, against the INSTITUTO COSTARRICENSE DE ACUEDUCTOS Y ALCANTARILLADOS (AyA) and the MINISTERIO DE SALUD (MS).
Whereas:
- 1Through a document entered into the Online Management System of this Office on June 30, 2025, the petitioner files an amparo action against the Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados and the Ministerio de Salud. She states that "(...) 1. On January 12, 2015, Decreto Ejecutivo No. 38924-S, entitled 'Reglamento para la Calidad del Agua Potable', was published, the main objective of which is to guarantee access to quality drinking water for the entire population, in accordance with the highest standards of protection and management of water for human consumption. 2. Recently, through Decreto Ejecutivo No. 45019-S, fundamental aspects of the regulation were modified, including Table 5 and the incorporation of Table 6 into Anexo 1, as well as changes in Article 2 and 4. These modifications establish maximum admissible values (valores máximos admisibles, VMA) for various pesticides and pesticide metabolites in drinking water. 3.Among the changes made, the following stand out: a. The setting of an 'Alert Value' (Valor de Alerta, VA) of 0.10 µg/L for individual pesticides and 0.50 µg/L for total pesticides, with the possibility of adjusting these values through a so-called 'specific risk analysis' coordinated by the Ministerio de Salud. The establishment of an 'Alert Value' (VA) of 0.10 µg/L for individual pesticides and 0.50 µg/L for total pesticides opens the possibility that dangerous levels of chemical substances persist in drinking water before measures are taken. Chronic exposure, even at low concentrations, is linked to health problems such as cancer, endocrine disorders, and neurological damage, especially in vulnerable populations such as children and pregnant women. b. The incorporation of new chlorothalonil metabolites in drinking water with maximum admissible values ranging from 12 to 80 µg/L. These values exceed those established in the previous version of the regulation by up to 800 times.Chlorothalonil metabolites are concerning because studies have indicated that chlorothalonil and its degradation products can have toxic effects. For example, some of these metabolites are potentially carcinogenic and genotoxic, implying significant risks to human health, especially if consumed cumulatively. Furthermore, there is no basis for seeking to increase the maximum admissible values for chlorothalonil metabolites, considering ruling 2023-13384 of the Constitutional Chamber which orders the adoption and execution of the recommendations of the report entitled 'Informe Técnico Clorotalonil' of April 14, 2023, issued by the Ministerio de Salud, the Ministerio de Ambiente y Energía, and the Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados, in which the prohibition of the pesticide is recommended. 4. These modifications not only relax previous standards, but also contravene fundamental principles related to the right to health and a healthy environment, guaranteed by the Political Constitution and the international treaties signed by Costa Rica. 1.Right to Health (Article 21 of the Political Constitution): Health is a fundamental right protected by the Constitution. The quality of drinking water is essential to guarantee the health of the population. The maximum admissible values established in the challenged decree do not comply with international protection standards and, by allowing higher concentrations of pesticides and metabolites, expose the population to unacceptable risks. 2. Right to a healthy and ecologically balanced environment (Article 50 of the Political Constitution): This right includes access to quality natural resources, such as drinking water. The modifications introduced by the decree violate this right by allowing contaminants in concentrations that could negatively affect human health and ecosystems. 3. Precautionary Principle: This principle, recognized in environmental law, obliges authorities to act with caution in the face of possible serious or irreversible damage to the environment or human health, even in the absence of absolute scientific certainty.The flexibilization of limits for pesticides and metabolites contradicts this principle. 4. International Treaties: Costa Rica is a signatory to various international instruments, such as the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the Protocol of San Salvador, which recognize the right to safe and quality drinking water as part of the right to an adequate standard of living. (sic) (...)". She believes that the foregoing harms the right to health, the right to a healthy and ecologically balanced environment, the precautionary principle, and international treaties. She requests that the action be granted, that the immediate suspension of the effects of the challenged decree be ordered, regarding the modifications made to the Reglamento para la Calidad del Agua, and that the competent authorities be ordered to review and adjust the right to international drinking water quality standards and the precautionary principle, guaranteeing the effective protection of the right to health and a healthy environment, and to communicate the decision to the authorities for its immediate compliance.
- 2Through a document entered into the electronic file on July 16, 2025, María Alejandra Mora Segura, general manager of the Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados, reports in the following terms: FIRST: It is true. SECOND: It is true. THIRD: It is true with corrections. However, what is expressed in this fact pertains to the Ministerio de Salud; it is necessary to mention report MS-DPRSA-USA-2226-2024 "INFORME INDICE RIESGO 8 METABOLITOS CLOROTALONIL", of November 1, 2024, in whose conclusions and recommendations it is indicated: (...) "CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS In this study, the Acceptable Daily Intakes (ADIs) (Ingestas Diarias Aceptables, IDAs) of CTL metabolites: Placa8214, Placa8215, Placa8216, and Identificacion105 were estimated, and these values were compared to determine the guideline values for adults and children. After a deep and exhaustive analysis of the scientific literature and reports from various Pesticide Regulatory Agencies, it was determined that for metabolites Placa8217, Identificacion106, Identificacion107, and Placa8218, the most conservative values would be used to establish the guideline values for both adults and children, corresponding to the parent compound (CTL), and it was determined that the most restrictive ADI was 0.010 mg/kg body weight per day (APVMA).Subsequently, water quality monitoring data from different ASADAS and aqueduct systems were used for the risk assessment for human consumption water. The maximum, minimum, average, and median values of CTL metabolites in water were analyzed. Risk quotients were calculated by dividing the concentration of each metabolite by its respective guideline value (for both adults and children). These quotients allow evaluating whether the concentrations of metabolites in water exceed the established guideline levels. None of the risk quotients for adults and children exceeded the guideline value. This indicates that the concentrations of CTL metabolites in water are below the levels considered safe according to the guideline values. Additionally, the percentages of ADI were calculated based on different water consumption scenarios, including the maximum, minimum, average, and median values. These percentages were obtained by comparing the daily amount of each metabolite ingested through water with its respective ADI.Additionally, guideline values for adults and children were determined based on the most restrictive ADIs. These guideline values were used to calculate the Tolerable Maximum Admissible Values (Valores Máximos Admisibles Tolerables, VMAT) by applying an additional protection factor of 20%, establishing the VMAT at 80% of the guideline value. This measure ensures an additional safety margin for the protection of public health. Subsequently, the RISK21 risk management tool was used to graph and characterize the risks with the values of the national regulation and compare them with those estimated from the VMAT calculations for adults and children. In all cases, it could be seen that the risk using the regulatory values is overestimated because they do not take into account the toxicological data of each metabolite. The results show that, in no case, neither for adults nor for children, is 100% of the ADI exceeded, even under the worst-case scenario.The analyses indicate that the dietary risks derived from the consumption of water with CTL residues and its metabolites are within the margin of acceptability for the general population and children. Similarly, when the risk for the four metabolites is estimated jointly as the sum of CTL in RISK21, it is observed that the regulatory limit indicates an unacceptable risk; however, the estimated dietary risk values show that the risk is acceptable, even in the worst-case scenario. This means that the concentrations found in monitoring do not represent a significant risk to health. In summary, the guideline levels such as the ADI are not exceeded, ensuring that the consumption of water with the detected concentrations of CTL and its metabolites is safe for all categories of the population evaluated. This result provides scientific supporting information for regulatory authorities to implement risk mitigation measures in water for human consumption for CTL metabolites." (highlighting is not from the original) As can be observed, from the report rendered, what is expressed by the petitioner misrepresents what was stated in the report rendered by the Ministerio de Salud.Regarding what was stated by the congresswoman about (...) "Furthermore, there is no basis for seeking to increase the maximum admissible values for chlorothalonil metabolites, considering ruling 2023-13384 of the Constitutional Chamber where it is ordered to adopt and execute the recommendations of the report entitled 'Informe Técnico Clorotalonil' of April 14, 2023, issued by the Ministerio de Salud, the Ministerio de Ambiente y Energía and the Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados, in which the prohibition of the pesticide is recommended."; it must be taken into consideration that, through Decreto Ejecutivo 44280-S-MAG-MINAE, published in Alcance No. 237 to La Gaceta No. 223 of November 30, 2023, the prohibition of the registration, importation, exportation, manufacture, formulation, storage, distribution, transport, repackaging, refilling, handling, sale, mixing, and use of raw material or formulated products containing the active ingredient CHLOROTHALONIL was decreed, as established in Article 1 of said executive decree; meaning that what was set out in the inter-institutional report rendered has been fulfilled.It should be added that, notwithstanding the decreed prohibition, what is established in the risk index report for 8 chlorothalonil metabolites must be taken into consideration, which indicates: (...) "Due to the persistence of chlorothalonil metabolites, such as 2-carbamoyl-3,5,6-trichloro-4-cyanobenzene sulfonic acid, it is necessary to implement measures while environmental attenuation is generated that not only focus on preventing future contamination, but also on mitigating its long-term effects. Studies have shown that the half-life of some of these compounds can be considerably prolonged, with DT₉₀ values of 1344 days and DT₅₀ of 1000 days under laboratory conditions and modeling. This implies that, once in the environment, these pollutants could persist for years before their concentrations decrease significantly. Therefore, remediation actions must be maintained over time to manage the environmental legacy of these metabolites and protect both ecosystems and the human population." (...).From the above, it is clear that the persistence of chlorothalonil metabolites could last for years; therefore, the Ministerio de Salud, in accordance with its competencies, adopted the necessary measures until the environmental deconcentration of the metabolites is generated. It is important to emphasize that the modification of the Reglamento para la Calidad del Agua is the competence of the Ministerio de Salud. FOURTH: It is not true if the report rendered and actions adopted by the Ministerio de Salud in accordance with its competencies are taken as a reference; the petitioner does not provide any scientific evidence that refutes the actions adopted by said Ministry.
- 3By document dated July 15, 2025, Dr. Mary Denisse Munive Angermüller, known as Mery Denisse Munive Angermüller, Vice President of the Republic and Minister of Health, reports in the following terms: "(...) Official communication MS-DPRSA-0437-2025: '... ( )... This report is prepared for the purpose of providing the technical criterion of the Dirección de Protección Radiológica y Salud Ambiental, through the Unidad de Salud Ambiental, regarding the allegations indicated in the action, especially concerning the establishment of alert values and maximum admissible values for metabolites of the pesticide chlorothalonil in water intended for human consumption. Regulatory Context The Reglamento para la Calidad del Agua Potable, Decreto Ejecutivo No. 38924-S of January 12, 2015, establishes the sanitary requirements that water intended for human consumption must meet in Costa Rica, including the maximum admissible values (VMA) for a series of physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters.The surveillance of its compliance corresponds to the Ministerio de Salud, in accordance with the provisions of Article 6 of the cited regulation, in concordance with the provisions of the Ley General de Salud (Law No. 5395), particularly in its Articles 265, 266, and 268. The reform introduced through Decreto Ejecutivo No. 45019-S (published in La Gaceta No. 115 of June 24, 2025) incorporated the following elements of technical relevance: • An Alert Value (VA) of 0.10 μg/L for individual pesticides and 0.50 μg/L for the total sum of pesticides. • A new Table 6 with risk-adjusted maximum admissible values (VMAAR) for eight chlorothalonil metabolites, resulting from an official dietary risk assessment developed jointly with the Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS). Situation in the northern zone of Cartago and basis for the risk assessment. Since 2021, the Ministerio de Salud, together with the Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados (AyA), has been addressing an urgent public health situation related to the presence of chlorothalonil pesticide metabolites in water sources for human consumption in the northern zone of the Cartago canton, in the cantons of Oreamuno and Alvarado.Analyses conducted by the IRET-UNA and CICA-UCR laboratories confirmed concentrations of various metabolites in springs (nacientes) used by local ASADAS. Some of these compounds exceeded 0.1 μg/L, which was the generic value used as a reference according to Anexo 1 of the Reglamento para la Calidad del Agua Potable (Decreto No. 38924-S). Faced with this situation, and considering that several of these metabolites did not have specific guideline values in the current regulation, the Ministerio de Salud requested technical assistance from the Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) to conduct a specific dietary risk assessment for these compounds. The assessment was motivated by the following reasons: • Absence of specific regulatory values for chlorothalonil metabolites, which made proportional and technically sound regulatory decision-making difficult. • Need to protect public health without incurring disproportionate restrictive measures. • Application of the precautionary principle based on updated scientific evidence, which allows for differential risk management according to the actual toxicity of each metabolite.As a result, a rigorous technical-scientific analysis was carried out, consolidated in report MS-DPRSA-USA-2226-2024, through which guideline values for adults and children were estimated, and the Risk-Adjusted Maximum Admissible Values (Valores Máximos Admisibles Ajustados por Riesgo, VMAAR) were defined with a 20% protection factor applied to the toxicological reference values, following international methodologies endorsed by the WHO, EPA, and EFSA. (OPS Technical Report – Dietary risk assessment of chlorothalonil metabolites (Informe CIR 2024)). What is a risk assessment and how were the VMAAR defined? A human health risk assessment is a technical-scientific process that allows estimating whether exposure to a chemical substance represents a health hazard. This procedure is based on methodologies internationally recognized by organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO), the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).The risk assessment developed for chlorothalonil metabolites comprised the following stages: Hazard Identification Eight chlorothalonil metabolites that have been detected in drinking water sources in the northern zone of Cartago were identified. Some of these compounds have shown genotoxic, carcinogenic potential, or chronic effects in experimental studies, while others do not present conclusive evidence of relevant toxicity. Dose-Response Assessment For each metabolite, chronic toxicological studies in animals (rats, mice, dogs, and rabbits) were reviewed to determine the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL). From this value, the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) (Ingesta Diaria Admisible, IDA) for humans was calculated, applying safety factors to protect vulnerable groups such as children, the elderly, or people with chronic diseases. Exposure Assessment The results of samples taken from 75 supply sources in the affected area were analyzed, and the actual concentrations to which the population would be exposed were estimated.The assessment considered both acute and chronic exposures, as well as daily water consumption scenarios. Risk Characterization and Definition of the VMAAR Based on the guideline values obtained (in μg/L), the Risk-Adjusted Maximum Admissible Values (VMAAR) were defined, applying an additional protection factor of 20% to ensure a safety margin against analytical uncertainties and population variability. This approach guarantees that the permitted concentrations do not represent an unacceptable risk, even in prolonged exposures. Validation and Regulatory Support The assessment was developed with technical support from the OPS, and its results were consolidated in the report OPS_Informe CTL_Ministerio de Salud CIR. The VMAAR derived from this process were formally adopted through Ministerial Resolution MS-DM-2187-2025, as a transitional measure of proportional and legally supported application, while the regulatory reform process concluded.Response to the allegations of the action Regarding the Alert Value (VA) The Alert Value (VA) introduced in Table 5 of Anexo 1 of Decreto Ejecutivo No. 45019-S aims to establish a preventive threshold to activate risk analysis processes before a concentration representing an unacceptable risk to human health is reached. The value of 0.10 μg/L for individual pesticides and 0.50 μg/L for total pesticides is aligned with the approach adopted in various international jurisdictions, such as the European Union, where these values act as triggers for corrective actions, not as permissible limits. The VA does not replace the maximum admissible values (VMA) established by the regulation, but rather operates as an early surveillance tool that strengthens the capacity of the Ministerio de Salud to respond to contamination events, activating technical-toxicological risk assessments immediately and in a focused manner.Regarding the maximum values for chlorothalonil metabolites (VMAAR) The setting of Risk-Adjusted Maximum Admissible Values (VMAAR) for eight chlorothalonil metabolites does not constitute an arbitrary flexibilization of the regulation. On the contrary, it responds to a structured technical assessment requested by the Ministerio de Salud and developed with support from the Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS), as established in report MS-DPRSA-USA-2226-2024. The VMAAR were calculated based on: • Validated toxicological data, including NOAEL studies and estimates of Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI); • Protection factors of at least 100-fold, plus an additional 20% margin, resulting in conservative values; • A precautionary approach that prioritizes the protection of vulnerable populations. Regarding the precautionary principle and the rulings of the Constitutional Chamber The application of the VA and VMAAR is in full conformity with the precautionary principle, enshrined in national legislation (Ley General de Salud, Ley de Biodiversidad) and international law.The Constitutional Chamber, through vote 2023-25650, indicated that the use of technical values must be legally supported, but did not question its scientific validity. In response to that observation, the Ministerio de Salud issued Resolution MS-DM-2187-2025 to provide legal support for the VMAAR and thus align institutional action with current jurisprudence while Decreto Ejecutivo No. 45019-S was being signed and published. Additionally, Judgment No. 17950-2017 of the Constitutional Chamber establishes that the application of more rigorous standards cannot be suspended by a transitional rule without technical justification, which reinforces the importance of any adjustment being based on scientific evidence and risk analysis, as has been the case here. Regarding international standards and scientific evidence The methodology applied by the Ministerio de Salud and the OPS to establish the VMAAR is aligned with the WHO Guidelines for drinking-water quality, which recognize the validity of conducting risk assessments to define guideline values when no established regulatory limits exist.The approaches adopted by international agencies such as Health Canada, US-EPA, EFSA, ANSES (France), and UBA (Germany) have been taken as a reference for the construction of the VMAAR, including the use of uncertainty factors, definition of ADI, and differentiated assessment for adults and children. Furthermore, these values are published and available for public scrutiny on the official website of the Ministerio de Salud, in compliance with the principles of transparency and accountability. The argument raised in the action that the reforms to the regulation relax previous standards and contravene fundamental constitutional rights, such as the right to health and a healthy environment (Articles 21 and 50 of the Political Constitution), is not sustainable from a technical perspective. Quite the contrary, the reform introduced by Decreto Ejecutivo No. 45019-S strengthens the regulatory framework through: The incorporation of alert values (VA) as a preventive mechanism that activates immediate measures when the 0.1 μg/L threshold is exceeded, even before having a specific maximum admissible value for the contaminant.The clear definition of action procedures upon detections, which include the immediate preventive closure of sources while the risk assessment is carried out. This is established textually in section 1.2 of the procedure: 'The Ministerio de Salud (...) will issue a sanitary order for the closure of the affected supply source. This measure will remain in effect until a sanitary risk assessment associated with the presence of the contaminant is carried out. The closure seeks to prevent the exposure of the population to a potential health hazard…' The incorporation of the precautionary principle as a guiding axis: in the face of uncertainty, immediate protection prevails, and only subsequently is a potential reopening of the source authorized if the risk assessment determines that no significant danger exists. The application of the principle of environmental non-regression, by expressly stating in the regulatory procedure that: 'The Ministerio de Salud will issue sanitary orders always aimed at restoring the initial value to less than 0.1 μg/L, given that the Maximum Acceptable Value in Water for Risk (VMAAR) is considered temporary and transitional.' In summary, far from weakening the protection of drinking water and constitutional rights, the regulatory reform provides the Ministerio de Salud with modern tools, based on evidence and environmental principles, to address contamination events caused by emerging substances such as pesticide metabolites in a technical, proportionate, and transparent manner.Conclusion The regulatory reform introduced through Decreto Ejecutivo No. 45019-S does not represent an arbitrary flexibilization of sanitary standards, but rather a normative strengthening that incorporates science-based risk management tools, such as the Alert Value (VA), preventive closure procedures, and the Risk-Adjusted Maximum Admissible Values (VMAAR). The VMAAR for chlorothalonil metabolites are based on technical-toxicological risk assessments developed with the support of the Organización Panamericana de la Salud, in accordance with international methodologies and under principles such as precaution, prevention, and proportionality of risk. The Ministerio de Salud has acted in accordance with the constitutional principles of the right to health and a healthy environment, taking immediate and proportionate measures, such as preventive closures, alternative water supply, monitoring, and inter-institutional coordination.The reformed regulation expressly establishes that the final objective is to restore the concentration of contaminants to levels below 0.1 μg/L, guaranteeing that the use of the VMAAR is transitional, justified, and always aimed at reducing exposure to contaminants (...)' As can be seen, the actions of the health authorities have been in accordance with the technical provisions developed with technical support from the Organización Panamericana de la Salud (PS), whose results were consolidated in order to achieve regulatory strengthening, incorporating science-based risk management tools, such as the Alert Value (VA), which allows the application of preventive closure procedures, and the Risk-Adjusted Maximum Admissible Values (VMAAR), which may be found in water, aimed at reducing human exposure to contaminants. It should be understood that the VA introduced in Table 5 of Anexo 1 of Decreto Ejecutivo No. 45019-S aims to establish a preventive threshold to activate risk analysis processes before a concentration representing an unacceptable risk to human health is reached; these are not permissible limits, but rather triggers for corrective actions.
- 4In the proceedings followed, the legal prescriptions have been observed.
Drafted by Magistrate Hess Herrera; and,
Considering:
I. OBJECT OF THE ACTION
The petitioner affirms that on January 12, 2015, Decreto Ejecutivo No. 38924-S, entitled "Reglamento para la Calidad del Agua Potable", was published, the main objective of which is to guarantee access to quality drinking water for the entire population, in accordance with the highest standards of protection and management of water for human consumption. She accuses that, through Decreto Ejecutivo No. 45019-S, fundamental aspects of the cited regulation were modified, including Table 5 and the incorporation of Table 6 into Anexo 1, as well as changes in Article 2 and 4. She considers that such modifications contravene the right to health, the right to a healthy and ecologically balanced environment, the precautionary principle, and international treaties.
Requests that the appeal be granted, that the immediate suspension of the effects of the challenged decree be ordered, with respect to the modifications made to the Reglamento para la Calidad del Agua, and that the competent authorities be ordered to review and adjust the law to international drinking water quality standards.
II. A TIME LIMIT IS GRANTED TO FILE AN UNCONSTITUTIONALITY ACTION
In the specific case, the appellant states that on January 12, 2015, Decreto Ejecutivo N.º 38924-S, entitled "Reglamento para la Calidad del Agua Potable," was published, with the main objective of guaranteeing access to quality drinking water for the entire population, in accordance with the highest standards of protection and management of water for human consumption. It challenges that, through Decreto Ejecutivo N.º 45019-S, fundamental aspects of the cited regulation were modified, including Table 5 and the incorporation of Table 6 into Anexo 1, as well as changes in Article 2 and 4. It considers that such modifications contravene the right to health, the right to a healthy and ecologically balanced environment, the precautionary principle, and international treaties. Requests that the appeal be granted, that the immediate suspension of the effects of the challenged decree be ordered, with respect to the modifications made to the Reglamento para la Calidad del Agua, and that the competent authorities be ordered to review and adjust the law to international drinking water quality standards.
To this effect, the respondent authorities state that the reform introduced through Decreto Ejecutivo N.° 45019-S (published in La Gaceta N.° 115 of June 24, 2025) responds to a structured technical evaluation requested by the Ministerio de Salud and developed with the support of the Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS).
The foregoing means that the situation raised by the appellant is regulated in article 48 of the Ley de la Jurisdicción Constitucional, for which reason it is appropriate to suspend the processing of this appeal, in order to grant the plaintiff a period of fifteen business days, counted from the notification of this resolution, to, within this period, file an unconstitutionality action against the referenced regulations. Given that, in accordance with the provisions of the same numeral, if it does not do so, the file will be archived.
POR TANTO:
The issuance of the judgment in this amparo proceeding is reserved, and the appellant is granted a period of FIFTEEN BUSINESS DAYS, counted from the notification of this resolution, to file an unconstitutionality action against Decreto Ejecutivo N.° 45019-S (published in La Gaceta N.° 115 of June 24, 2025).
\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n\t\n\nNombre137 V.\n\nPresidente\n\n\t\n\n \n\n\n\n\nNombre152 C.\n\n\t\n\n \n\n\t\n\nPaul Rueda L.\n\n\n\n\nLuis Fdo. Salazar A.\n\n\t\n\n \n\n\t\n\nJorge Araya G.\n\n\n\n\nAnamari Garro V.\n\n\t\n\n \n\n\t\n\nIngrid Hess H.\n\n \n\n \n\nDigitally Signed Document\n\n-- Verification code --\n\n\n\n CXSCPVOP30K61\n\nEXPEDIENTE N° 25-018978-0007-CO\n\n \n\nTelephones: Telf46 / (). Fax: Telf47 / Telf48. Electronic address: www.poder-judicial.go.cr/salaconstitucional. Address: (Dirección12 , Dirección13 , 100 mts. Sur de la iglesia del Perpetuo Socorro).\n\n \n\n \n\nIs a faithful copy of the original - Taken from Nexus.PJ on: 08-05-2026 10:59:02.\n\nSCIJ de Hacienda\nSCIJ de la Procuraduría General de la República