← Environmental Law Center← Centro de Derecho Ambiental
Res. 11999-2025 Sala Constitucional · Sala Constitucional · 25/04/2025
OutcomeResultado
The Chamber denied the amparo because the petitioner did not show that he had formally requested the agreements or that the authorities had refused him access.La Sala rechazó el amparo porque el recurrente no demostró haber solicitado formalmente los acuerdos ni que las autoridades le hubieran negado acceso a ellos.
SummaryResumen
The Constitutional Chamber denied an amparo action against the Executive Branch concerning the alleged designation of cooperation agreements between Costa Rica and El Salvador as state secrets and the purported denial of access to them. It applied the reasoning of judgment No. 2025009474, which addressed a memorandum concerning environmental and energy cooperation, electric mobility, and smart power grids. Although several memoranda contained confidentiality clauses, the record indicated that the instruments themselves were public and that confidentiality covered data, reports, and results produced or exchanged during implementation, subject to domestic law. The Chamber did not decide in the abstract whether those clauses were constitutionally valid. Instead, it found that the petitioner had neither submitted a formal request for access to the agreements nor demonstrated that an authority had refused disclosure. Because amparo protects fundamental rights against concrete threats or violations, the absence of both an information request and an administrative denial meant that no infringement of the right of access to public information could be established.La Sala Constitucional rechazó el recurso de amparo promovido contra el Poder Ejecutivo por la supuesta declaratoria de secreto de Estado y la presunta negativa de acceso a los acuerdos de cooperación suscritos entre Costa Rica y El Salvador. Aplicó el criterio de la sentencia n.º 2025009474, relativa al memorando sobre cooperación ambiental y energética, movilidad eléctrica y redes eléctricas inteligentes. Aunque varios memorandos contenían cláusulas de confidencialidad, el expediente indicaba que los instrumentos eran públicos y que la reserva se refería a datos, informes y resultados generados durante su ejecución, sujeta además a la legislación interna. La Sala no resolvió en abstracto la validez constitucional de esas cláusulas. Determinó que el recurrente no había presentado una solicitud formal de acceso a los documentos ni acreditado una negativa administrativa. Como el amparo protege frente a amenazas o lesiones concretas de derechos fundamentales, la ausencia de una petición y de su rechazo impedía constatar una violación del derecho de acceso a la información pública.
Key excerptExtracto clave
Those considerations apply to the case under review, because this Court finds no reason to depart from the criterion stated in that judgment. In this proceeding, there is no evidence establishing that the petitioner submitted a formal request to the respondent authorities for access to information concerning the agreements signed by the governments of Costa Rica and El Salvador; consequently, the infringement of any fundamental right is ruled out. In light of the foregoing, this action must be denied, as is hereby ordered. THEREFORE: The action is denied.Tales consideraciones son aplicables al caso de estudio, pues este Tribunal no encuentra razones para variar el criterio vertido en dicha sentencia. En el presente recurso no existe prueba alguna que acredite que el recurrente presentó una solicitud formal de acceso a la información de los convenios firmados entre los gobiernos de Costa Rica y El Salvador ante las autoridades recurridas, motivo por el cual se descarta la infracción de algún derecho fundamental. En mérito de lo expuesto, el presente recurso debe ser declarado sin lugar, como en efecto se ordena. POR TANTO: Se declara sin lugar el recurso.
Pull quotesCitas destacadas
"La jurisprudencia de este Tribunal Constitucional en el tema en discusión es reiterada y contundente en señalar que el derecho de acceso a la información administrativa garantiza el libre acceso a los departamentos administrativos con propósitos de información sobre asuntos de interés público y que la Administración, como sujeto pasivo, quien tiene el deber de brindar y poner a disposición la información de interés público que se le requiera."
"This Constitutional Court's case law on the issue is consistent and emphatic that the right of access to administrative information guarantees free access to administrative departments for the purpose of obtaining information on matters of public interest, and that the Administration, as the obligated party, has the duty to provide and make available the requested information of public interest."
Considerando II, cita de la sentencia n.º 2025009474
"La jurisprudencia de este Tribunal Constitucional en el tema en discusión es reiterada y contundente en señalar que el derecho de acceso a la información administrativa garantiza el libre acceso a los departamentos administrativos con propósitos de información sobre asuntos de interés público y que la Administración, como sujeto pasivo, quien tiene el deber de brindar y poner a disposición la información de interés público que se le requiera."
Considerando II, cita de la sentencia n.º 2025009474
"Desde esa perspectiva, no consta la negativa reclamada."
"From that perspective, there is no record of the alleged refusal."
Considerando II, cita de la sentencia n.º 2025009474
"Desde esa perspectiva, no consta la negativa reclamada."
Considerando II, cita de la sentencia n.º 2025009474
"Conviene destacar que el recurso de amparo está dirigido a la tutela de derechos y libertades fundamentales ante situaciones concretas que amenacen o lesiones dichos derechos; no obstante, en el caso bajo estudio no se ha dado tal supuesto, es decir, no se ha solicitado la información mencionada ni se ha denegado la misma."
"It bears emphasizing that an amparo action is intended to protect fundamental rights and freedoms against concrete situations that threaten or infringe those rights; nevertheless, that circumstance has not arisen in the case under review, because the information in question was neither requested nor denied."
Considerando II, cita de la sentencia n.º 2013008748
"Conviene destacar que el recurso de amparo está dirigido a la tutela de derechos y libertades fundamentales ante situaciones concretas que amenacen o lesiones dichos derechos; no obstante, en el caso bajo estudio no se ha dado tal supuesto, es decir, no se ha solicitado la información mencionada ni se ha denegado la misma."
Considerando II, cita de la sentencia n.º 2013008748
"El contenido del Memorándum de Entendimiento no es confidencial, sino los datos, informes y resultados que se generen y sea intercambiados en virtud de su ejecución."
"The content of the Memorandum of Understanding is not confidential; rather, confidentiality applies to the data, reports, and results generated and exchanged through its implementation."
Considerando II, hechos probados de la sentencia n.º 2025009474
"El contenido del Memorándum de Entendimiento no es confidencial, sino los datos, informes y resultados que se generen y sea intercambiados en virtud de su ejecución."
Considerando II, hechos probados de la sentencia n.º 2025009474
Full documentDocumento completo
SALA CONSTITUCIONAL DE LA CORTE SUPREMA DE JUSTICIA. San José, at nueve horas veinte minutos on veinticinco de abril de dos mil veinticinco.
Application for amparo (recurso de amparo) filed by Nombre01, identity card CED01, against the PODER EJECUTIVO.
RESULTS:
That is, these are not international treaties (tratados internacionales) intended to create legal obligations (obligaciones jurídicas) between the parties or bind the public authorities of the State. Therefore, legislative approval (aprobación legislativa) is not required. Indeed, the Inter-American Juridical Committee, in its “Guidelines for Binding and Non-Binding Agreements,” Resolution CJI/RES. 259 (XCVII-O/20), identified the absence of internal approval procedures for memoranda of understanding (memorandos de entendimiento), as opposed to treaties, as a distinguishing feature: “Political commitments, including many instruments entitled memoranda of understanding, have become a vehicle used with increasing frequency for concluding interstate and interinstitutional agreements. Their appeal stems, at least in part, from the general absence of internal procedures for their conclusion. That fact has allowed these instruments to acquire a reputation as vehicles offering, compared with treaties, greater speed (in terms of the process of their formation), flexibility (in terms of adjustments or amendments), and ease of withdrawal (in terms of terminating the commitment).
These benefits suggest that it would be a mistake to extend to political commitments approval procedures identical to those applied to treaties” (p.113). Furthermore, it is important to emphasize that these Memoranda of Understanding arise from the Bilateral Cooperation Framework Agreement between the Republic of Costa Rica and the Republic of El Salvador, Law No. 8884 of November 1, 2010. In other words, the challenged document (documento impugnado) arises from an agreement between two subjects of public international law (sujetos de derecho internacional público) that has received legislative approval. The wording of the confidentiality clauses (cláusulas de confidencialidad) in the Memoranda of Understanding does not infringe the right of access to information (derecho de acceso a la información) merely by existing. The Memoranda of Understanding were drafted so as to make clear that the laws of each signatory country must be respected.
Thus, Article II of the Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of the Republic of Costa Rica, through the Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto, and the Government of the Republic of El Salvador, through the Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, concerning Principles, states: “This Memorandum of Understanding shall be governed in accordance with the national laws and regulations of each country and shall be implemented within the operating limits of the Parties’ specific policies and procedures.” (Emphasis added). Likewise, Article VI also refers back to the national legislation of each country when framing the confidentiality commitments between the parties, stating: “ARTICLE VI. ACCESS TO INFORMATION AND CONFIDENTIALITY. The Parties undertake to share the information necessary for the implementation of this Memorandum of Understanding, in accordance with the legislation in force in each country, and not to disclose any aspect of the information, data, reports, and results submitted or received, in whatever manner, to which they may have gained access during its implementation, since such information shall be confidential.” (Emphasis added).
A reading of the text reveals an intent to respect domestic law (derecho interno)—including with respect to access to information and confidentiality—in implementing any cooperation project that may materialize under the Memorandum. For example, a Costa Rican authority could not share information constituting sensitive data (datos sensibles) or enjoying some form of protection. Additionally, it is important to clarify, pursuant to clause VI transcribed above, that the content of the Memorandum of Understanding is not confidential; rather, the restriction (reserva) is limited to the information, data, reports, and results generated and exchanged through its implementation. It should be noted that neither the appellant (recurrente) nor the newspapers La Nación and Diario Extra have been denied access to the content of the agreements; quite the contrary. With respect to access to information, it is necessary to distinguish between the information that Costa Rica may eventually provide and that which El Salvador may provide.
The former is subject to Article 30 of the Constitution by virtue of the Memorandum of Understanding itself. In other words, the specific scope of the information that an implementing authority (autoridad ejecutora) may be legally required to provide to an individual (administrado) will depend on the specific cooperation project that may materialize with El Salvador, the public interest (interés público)—which cannot be determined at this time because it is an abstract consideration—and the degree of discretion (margen de discreción) available to the Executive Branch in conducting international relations. The latter—that is, any information that El Salvador may provide to Costa Rica—must be treated differently by our authorities. This is because of the importance of respecting the wishes of a friendly and neighboring State with which we not only maintain diplomatic relations but also seek closer ties through international cooperation. c) Confidentiality as a tool in the conduct of international relations.
In exercising its constitutional powers (atribuciones constitucionales) to conduct international relations, the Executive Branch, acting through this Ministry, is empowered to agree not to disclose information that a third State—that is, another subject of public international law—decides to share with Costa Rica within the framework of international cooperation. The powers of the Executive Branch in the conduct of international relations. Article 140, subsection 12, of the Political Constitution states verbatim: “The following are duties and powers vested jointly in the President and the respective Government Minister: 1)...12) To direct the international relations of the Republic.” For its part, the Ley Orgánica del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto, Law No. 3008 of June 18, 1962, provides as follows with respect to the responsibilities entrusted to this Ministry: “Article 1º By virtue of the respective constitutional and statutory provisions, the function of the Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto is to assist the President of the Republic, under the direction of the Minister appointed for that purpose, in the systematic formulation of the country’s foreign policy, the guidance of its international relations, and the safeguarding of national sovereignty.
It is the channel through which the State conducts all its affairs with foreign governments and institutions.” The scope of the term “international relations,” whose direction or guidance is assigned to the Executive Branch by the cited provisions, has been defined by this Honorable Court as follows: “The broad and generic concept of ‘international relations,’ in accordance with the practices and customs of the community of nations, encompasses all acts and activities carried out in connection with political, commercial, or any other form of exchange between States and other subjects of international law. This broad notion acquires particular relevance in our era, in which States have expanded their ties to such an extent that it is very difficult for them to conduct their internal affairs without dealings of every kind with the rest of the world.” (Sala Constitucional de la Corte Suprema de Justicia, Voto Nº 6624- 94 of 9:00 a.m. on November 11, 1994.
Emphasis added). Furthermore, it should be noted that national legal scholarship has addressed the powers granted to the Executive Branch to perform any act connected with the country’s international relations in the following terms: “The central organ of Costa Rica’s foreign relations consists of the President of the Republic, as Head of State, and the Minister of Foreign Affairs. Associated with that central organ are the Ministers whose Ministries may be affected by a treaty under negotiation or by a particular international activity being undertaken. - The central organ of international relations represents the State internationally as a unit of action and will. This representation arises because the Executive is the sole organ through which the State relates to foreign countries; consequently, acts emanating from the President and the Minister of Foreign Affairs may have greater validity and importance externally than internally, with the primacy of the Executive Branch manifesting itself in international relations.” (ROJAS CHAVES (Magda Inés), El Poder Ejecutivo en Costa Rica, San José, Editorial Juricentro, first edition, 1980, p.p. 166- 167).
Based on the foregoing, it is clear that, pursuant to subsection 12) of Article 140 of the Political Constitution, the Executive Branch has the authority to conduct the country’s foreign affairs. In this regard, as this Honorable Constitutional Court has stated, the President, jointly with the relevant Government Minister, has a degree of judgment and decision-making discretion that is beyond judicial review because it concerns a nonjusticiable political question (cuestión política no justiciable), also known as the political-question reserve (zona de reserva política), the exercise of exclusive powers (facultades privativas), reserved powers (facultades reservadas), and institutional acts (actos institucionales). Otherwise, “…the Executive Branch would be left at the mercy of the Judiciary, diminishing the principle of balance and independence of the Branches of Government enshrined in the Fundamental Law and creating risks for the country in its international relations…” (Sala Constitucional de la Corte Suprema de Justicia, Voto Nº 2016-016359 of twelve thirteen p.m. on November 4, 2016).
Confidentiality in the conduct of international relations. Now, this Honorable Court has interpreted that, although the concept of State secrets (secreto de Estado) includes matters concerning the State’s international relations with other subjects of public international law, it must be construed restrictively and must also comply with the statutory-reservation principle (principio de reserva de ley). (Sala Constitucional de la Corte Suprema de Justicia, Resolución Nº 2024-004616 of twelve forty-one p.m. on February 20, 2024). However, the statutory-reservation principle applies in cases in which such circumstances have not been constitutionally established; consequently, the Executive Branch’s power to declare as State secrets documents, information, and data whose significance could materially harm the Republic’s international relations does not require enabling ordinary legislation or an executive decree declaring them as such, because that power arises from the Constitution itself and constitutes a discretionary act (acto discrecional) based on considerations of national expediency and advisability.
Accordingly, this Ministry does not claim that everything relating to a future cooperation project that may ultimately materialize is covered by that concept. Rather, it considers safeguarding the confidentiality of information provided by another subject of public international law to be an essential part of conducting diplomacy and international relations. In other words, refraining from disclosing information provided by another State in the context of close cooperation and under a reciprocal promise of confidentiality appears to constitute a reasonable limitation (límite razonable) on the right of access to information. The reasonableness of a restriction (restricción) on the right of access to information arises from the need for a degree of discretion in the conduct of international relations that allows this Ministry to forge closer cooperative relationships with certain countries.
For this reason, it is common for a subject of public international law to be willing or agreeable to share information only on the understanding that it will not be widely disclosed. There are many reasons for seeking to preserve the confidentiality of the information provided. It is even worth considering this from the standpoint of information that Costa Rica may share in the future as part of a cooperation project arising from this agreement. It would be in the interest of our authorities that any figures, data, or statistics not be widely disclosed or made available to any person in El Salvador who wishes to obtain such information. On the one hand, this is because it is difficult to justify an interest in information concerning another political entity with which there is no apparent connection. On the other hand, it applies where domestic regulations provide for the protection of Costa Ricans’ data.
Discretion and confidentiality are essential elements of diplomacy and the conduct of international relations, particularly in development-cooperation relations. El Salvador is a sister and friendly nation with which we share history and geography. Safeguarding the confidentiality of information provided by another State in the context of a project for mutual benefit is necessary to preserve credibility in the international arena. Our promises, even if they are not legal in nature, must carry weight if we wish to remain reliable partners. Costa Rica must be able to assure its allies that information provided to it by other subjects of public international law may remain classified if the party sharing it so wishes. When two States undertake international cooperation projects, this denotes a closeness that does not exist with every other State in the international community. The promise not to disclose information that El Salvador may provide is a valid limitation on Article 30 of the Constitution, made in the exercise of the State’s authority to conduct international relations. It requests that the appeal be dismissed.
Justice Solano Aguilar drafts the opinion; and,
Whereas:
The petitioner considers that the President of the Republic’s act of declaring the Agreement on Technical Cooperation between Costa Rica and El Salvador a state secret at a press conference is arbitrary and infringes freedom of the press and the right of access to public information (derecho a la información pública), which also affects diffuse interests (intereses difusos) because it affects all Costa Ricans, places democracy at risk, and constitutes a clear violation of human rights. He further contends that news media such as La Nación and Diario Extra are entitled to know what the cooperation agreement in question says and the terms under which it was entered into, so that they may make it known to the public.
In adjudicating this petition, the ruling issued by this Chamber in judgment number 2025009474 at nueve horas quince minutos on veintiocho de marzo de dos mil veinticinco is of particular importance. That judgment held:
“I.- SUBJECT MATTER OF THE PETITION. The petitioner notes that, according to press reports, on 11 de noviembre de 2024, the presidents of Costa Rica and El Salvador signed a Bilateral Agreement that reportedly concerns cooperation between the countries on environmental and electric-mobility projects, as well as the development of the National Smart Grid Strategy, which Clause VI defines as confidential. As a result of that same agreement, during the last two months both countries have collected and shared information that remains unknown. He asserts that the confidentiality agreement in question has no legal basis for producing legal effects in its implementation because it has not been approved by the Asamblea Legislativa and does not satisfy the principle of legality (principio de legalidad), since it does not comply with the provisions governing confidentiality, namely: Ley de Información No Divulgada, nro. 7975; Ley de Fortalecimiento y Modernización de las Entidades Públicas del Sector de Telecomunicaciones, 8660; Ley de Protección de la Persona frente al Tratamiento de sus Datos Personales, nro. 8968; and Decreto Ejecutivo nro. 35205 de 16 de abril de 2009, which regulates measures protecting the privacy of communications. From that perspective, because Clause VI of that agreement violates Articles 7, 11, and 30 of the Constitution, his fundamental rights are infringed.
The following facts relevant to the adjudication of this amparo petition (recurso de amparo) are deemed established:
Despite the allegation that the confidentiality provision in the bilateral agreement signed between Costa Rica and El Salvador concerning cooperation between the countries on environmental and electric-mobility projects, as well as the development of the National Smart Grid Strategy, prevents him from learning the data that both countries have collected and shared within that framework, the petitioner, in response to the order for clarification (prevención) issued by ruling at 14:28 on 24 de febrero de 2024, acknowledged that he had not submitted any request seeking access to such information. The case law of this Tribunal Constitucional on the matter at issue has repeatedly and unequivocally held that the right of access to administrative information (derecho de acceso a la información administrativa) guarantees free access to administrative departments for the purpose of obtaining information on matters of public interest, and that the Administración, as the party subject to the obligation (sujeto pasivo), has the duty to provide and make available any requested information of public interest. From that perspective, there is no evidence of the alleged refusal.
Furthermore, as regards access to the requested administrative information itself, the provisions of judgment No 2013008748 at 9:05 on 28 de junio de 2013 are fully applicable. Insofar as relevant, that judgment states:
“V.- Finally, the protected party (amparada) requests that this Chamber order the respondent authorities to provide the decision concerning the actions taken in connection with her complaint and the information related to the investigation conducted in that case. In this regard, it is necessary to explain to the petitioner that this request is inadmissible because neither the filing nor the evidence shows that such information was requested. Therefore, that request cannot be granted if the protected party did not timely request the delivery of that information. It bears emphasizing that an amparo petition is intended to protect fundamental rights and freedoms against specific situations that threaten or infringe those rights; however, that circumstance has not arisen in the case under consideration—that is, the aforementioned information has neither been requested nor denied. Moreover, the reports submitted by the respondents show that the complaint remains pending and that investigations are being conducted; therefore, the matter has not concluded.
Consequently, the amparo petition must be dismissed as to this claim.” In sum, the petition must be dismissed, as is hereby ordered.” Those considerations apply to the case under review, as this Court finds no reason to depart from the position stated in that judgment. In the present petition, there is no evidence establishing that the petitioner submitted to the respondent authorities a formal request for access to information concerning the agreements signed between the Governments of Costa Rica and El Salvador. Accordingly, any infringement of a fundamental right is ruled out. In view of the foregoing, the present petition must be denied, as is hereby ordered.
III.Documentation submitted in the case file. The parties are advised that, if they submitted any paper document, as well as objects or evidence contained on any additional electronic, computer, magnetic, optical, or telematic device, or produced using new technologies, these must be collected from the court within a maximum period of 30 business days from service of this judgment. Otherwise, any material not collected within that period shall be destroyed, pursuant to the “Reglamento sobre Expediente Electrónico ante el Poder Judicial,” approved by the Corte Plena at session number 27-11 of 22 de agosto de 2011, Article XXVI, and published in Boletín Judicial number 19 of 26 de enero de 2012, as well as the resolution approved by the Consejo Superior del Poder Judicial at session number 43-12 held on 3 de mayo de 2012, Article LXXXI.
THEREFORE:
The petition is denied.
Fernando Castillo V.
President Paul Rueda L.
Jorge Araya G.
Anamari Garro V.
Ingrid Hess H.
Ana María Picado B.
Jorge Isaac Solano A.
CASE FILE N° 25-000099-0007-CO Telephone numbers: 2549-1500 / 800-SALA-4TA (800-7252-482). Fax: 2220-4607 / 2220-4844. Website: www.poder-judicial.go.cr/salaconstitucional. Address: (Dirección01).
SALA CONSTITUCIONAL DE LA CORTE SUPREMA DE JUSTICIA. San José, a las nueve horas veinte minutos del veinticinco de abril de dos mil veinticinco .
Recurso de amparo interpuesto por Nombre01, cédula de identidad CED01, contra el PODER EJECUTIVO.
RESULTANDO:
Redacta el Magistrado Solano Aguilar; y,
Considerando:
El recurrente considera que la actuación del Presidente de la República de declarar en un conferencia de prensa como secreto de estado el Acuerdo Sobre Cooperación Técnica entre Costa Rica y el Salvador, es un acto arbitrario que violenta la libertad de prensa y el derecho a la información pública lo cual también afecta intereses difusos porque afecta a todos los costarricenses y además coloca en peligro la democracia y es una clara violación de derechos humanos. Además, que los medios de comunicación como la Nación y Diario Extra tienen derecho a conocer que dice y bajo que términos el acuerdo de cooperación en cuestión para poderlo hacer de conocimiento público.
En la resolución del presente recurso, tiene especial importancia lo resuelto por esta Sala en la sentencia número 2025009474 de las nueve horas quince minutos del veintiocho de marzo de dos mil veinticinco, en donde se dispuso:
“I.- OBJETO DEL RECURSO. El recurrente acota que, según medios de Prensa, el pasado 11 de noviembre de 2024, los presidentes de Costa Rica y de El Salvador, firmaron un Acuerdo Bilateral que, según se informó, trata temas de cooperación entre países en proyectos medioambientales y de movilidad eléctrica, así como el desarrollo de la Estrategia Nacional de Redes Eléctricas Inteligentes, que la cláusula VI define como confidencial. Como consecuencia de ese mismo acuerdo, durante los últimos dos meses, ambos países han recolectado y compartido información que se desconoce. Apunta que, el acuerdo de confidencialidad en cuestión no tiene asidero legal para que surta efectos legales para su ejecución, dado que no tiene la aprobación de la Asamblea Legislativa, ni satisface el principio de legalidad, pues, no se ajusta a lo dispuesto en la normativa que regula lo relativo a la confidencialidad, a saber: la Ley de Información No Divulgada La Ley, nro. 7975; la Ley de Fortalecimiento y Modernización de las Entidades Públicas del Sector de Telecomunicaciones, 8660; la Ley de Protección de la Persona frente al Tratamiento de sus Datos Personales, nro. 8968 y el Decreto Ejecutivo nro. 35205 de 16 de abril de 2009, regula las medidas de protección de la privacidad de las comunicaciones. Desde esa perspectiva, como la cláusula VI de dicho acuerdo, que transgrede los artículos 7, 11, y 30 constitucionales, se vulnera sus derechos fundamentales.
De relevancia para la decisión del presente amparo se tienen por demostrados los siguientes:
A pesar de lo acusado respecto de que la norma de confidencialidad del acuerdo bilateral suscrito entre Costa Rica y el Salvador, sobre temas de cooperación entre países en proyectos medioambientales y de movilidad eléctrica, así como el desarrollo de la Estrategia Nacional de Redes Eléctricas Inteligentes, le impide conocer los datos que ambos países han recolectado y compartido en ese marco, el recurrente, con ocasión de la prevención que se le hiciera por resolución de las 14:28 horas de 24 de febrero de 2024, aceptó que no ha formulado solicitud alguna en la que requiriera acceso a dicha información. La jurisprudencia de este Tribunal Constitucional en el tema en discusión es reiterada y contundente en señalar que el derecho de acceso a la información administrativa garantiza el libre acceso a los departamentos administrativos con propósitos de información sobre asuntos de interés público y que la Administración, como sujeto pasivo, quien tiene el deber de brindar y poner a disposición la información de interés público que se le requiera. Desde esa perspectiva, no consta la negativa reclamada.
De otra parte, en lo que concierne propiamente al acceso a la información administrativa reclamada, es plenamente aplicable lo dispuesto en la sentencia No 2013008748 de las 9:05 horas de 28 de junio de 2013, que en lo que interesa señala:
"V.- Finalmente, la amparada solicita a esta Sala que se ordene a las autoridades recurridas que se brinde la resolución de lo actuado en torno a su denuncia y la información relacionada con la investigación efectuada en dicho caso. Al respecto, es necesario explicarle a la recurrente que tal petición resulta improcedente, ya que no consta en el escrito de interposición ni en los elementos probatorios que se haya requerido tal información. Entonces, no es posible atender tal solicitud si la amparada no ha gestionado oportunamente la entrega de esa información. Conviene destacar que el recurso de amparo está dirigido a la tutela de derechos y libertades fundamentales ante situaciones concretas que amenacen o lesiones dichos derechos; no obstante, en el caso bajo estudio no se ha dado tal supuesto, es decir, no se ha solicitado la información mencionada ni se ha denegado la misma. Además, de los informes rendidos por las accionadas se desprende que la denuncia se encuentra en trámite y se están efectuando investigaciones, por lo que la misma no ha concluido. En consecuencia, se impone la desestimatoria del amparo respecto de este extremo". En suma, se impone desestimar el recurso, como en efecto se dispone”.
Tales consideraciones son aplicables al caso de estudio, pues este Tribunal no encuentra razones para variar el criterio vertido en dicha sentencia. En el presente recurso no existe prueba alguna que acredite que el recurrente presentó una solicitud formal de acceso a la información de los convenios firmados entre los gobiernos de Costa Rica y El Salvador ante las autoridades recurridas, motivo por el cual se descarta la infracción de algún derecho fundamental. En mérito de lo expuesto, el presente recurso debe ser declarado sin lugar, como en efecto se ordena.
iii.- Documentación aportada al expediente. Se previene a las partes que de haber aportado algún documento en papel, así como objetos o pruebas contenidas en algún dispositivo adicional de carácter electrónico, informático, magnético, óptico, telemático o producido por nuevas tecnologías, estos deberán ser retirados del despacho en un plazo máximo de 30 días hábiles contados a partir de la notificación de esta sentencia. De lo contrario, será destruido todo aquel material que no sea retirado dentro de este plazo, según lo dispuesto en el "Reglamento sobre Expediente Electrónico ante el Poder Judicial", aprobado por la Corte Plena en sesión número 27-11 del 22 de agosto de 2011, artículo XXVI y publicado en el Boletín Judicial número 19 del 26 de enero de 2012, así como en el acuerdo aprobado por el Consejo Superior del Poder Judicial, en la sesión número 43-12 celebrada el 3 de mayo de 2012, artículo LXXXI.
POR TANTO:
Se declara sin lugar el recurso.
Fernando Castillo V.
Paul Rueda L.
Jorge Araya G.
Anamari Garro V.
Ingrid Hess H.
Ana María Picado B.
Jorge Isaac Solano A.
Document not found. Documento no encontrado.