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Res. 15951-2021 Sala Constitucional · Sala Constitucional · 16/07/2021
OutcomeResultado
Non-compliance is upheld regarding the lack of a definitive solution to the sewage complaint, ordering compliance under warning of referral to the Public Prosecutor's Office. The deadline to resolve the water shortage is extended until May 8, 2024. Non-compliance is dismissed on all other aspects.Se acoge la desobediencia en cuanto a la falta de solución definitiva de la denuncia por aguas negras, ordenando cumplir bajo apercibimiento de testimoniar piezas al Ministerio Público. Se amplía el plazo para resolver el desabastecimiento de agua hasta el 8 de mayo de 2024. Se desestima la desobediencia en los demás aspectos.
SummaryResumen
The Constitutional Chamber resolves a non-compliance motion filed by David Zamora Aymerich against municipal, health, and ICAA authorities for failing to comply with ruling 2019-012231. That ruling ordered, among other things, the definitive resolution of water shortages in Miravalles I and addressing a sewage complaint in La Ponderosa. The Chamber finds that the inter-institutional commission has been reactivated and the water system improvement project is underway, granting an extension to solve the water problem until May 2024. Regarding evictions in risk zones, no pending health orders exist, so non-compliance is dismissed. However, for the sewage complaint, although dye tests were conducted and health orders issued, the problem has not been definitively resolved nor has the petitioner been notified. Thus, non-compliance is upheld on this point, with a warning of referring the matter to the Public Prosecutor's Office.La Sala Constitucional resuelve una gestión de desobediencia planteada por David Zamora Aymerich contra autoridades municipales, de salud y del ICAA, por el incumplimiento de la sentencia 2019-012231. Dicha sentencia ordenó, entre otras cosas, resolver definitivamente el desabastecimiento de agua en Miravalles I y atender la denuncia por aguas negras en La Ponderosa. La Sala determina que la comisión interinstitucional se reactivó y que el proyecto de mejora del acueducto está en marcha, por lo que amplía el plazo para solucionar el problema de agua hasta mayo de 2024. Respecto a los desalojos en zonas de riesgo, no hay órdenes sanitarias pendientes, por lo que se desestima ese incumplimiento. Sin embargo, en cuanto a la denuncia de aguas negras, aunque se realizaron pruebas de coloración y se emitieron órdenes sanitarias, el problema no se ha resuelto definitivamente ni se ha notificado al recurrente, por lo que se acoge la desobediencia en este punto y se ordena cumplir bajo apercibimiento de testimoniar piezas al Ministerio Público.
Key excerptExtracto clave
The non-compliance motion is partially granted, only in relation to what was ordered in ruling No. 2019-012231 of 9:30 a.m. on July 5, 2019, regarding “within 6 months coordinate and resolve the complaint filed by the petitioner on May 28, 2018, regarding the sewage problem, and notify him of the resolution.” Jimmy Cruz Jiménez and Melissa Arguedas Arce, as Mayor of Curridabat and Acting Director of the Curridabat Health Area, respectively, or whoever holds those positions, are ordered to comply with ruling No. 2019-012231 of 9:30 a.m. on July 5, 2019, regarding “within 6 months coordinate and resolve the complaint filed by the petitioner on May 28, 2018, regarding the sewage problem, and notify him of the resolution.” This under warning of ordering certification of the case file to the Public Prosecutor's Office against the Mayor of Curridabat and the initiation of administrative proceedings against the Acting Director of the Curridabat Health Area if they fail to do so. Furthermore, the deadline granted in ruling No. 2019-012231 of 9:30 a.m. on July 5, 2019 is extended, only regarding “addressing the water shortage problem in the Miravalles I urban project, so that the necessary actions are coordinated and executed to definitively resolve said problem within a maximum of 24 months.” Consequently, Tomás Martínez Baldares, Jimmy Cruz Jiménez, Óscar Mora Altamirano, and Johanna Chavarría Víquez, as Executive President of the Costa Rican Institute of Aqueducts and Sewers, Mayor of Curridabat, President of the Municipal Council of Curridabat, and Acting Director of the Curridabat Health Area, respectively, or whoever holds those positions, are granted until May 8, 2024, solely to resolve the water shortage problem in the Miravalles I urban project, in accordance with the terms ordered in ruling No. 2019-012231. All other requests are denied.Se acoge parcialmente la gestión de incumplimiento, solo en relación con lo ordenado en la sentencia n.° 2019-012231 de las 9:30 horas del 5 de julio de 2019, correspondiente a que “en el plazo de 6 meses coordinen y resuelvan lo relativo a la denuncia planteada por el recurrente el 28 de mayo de 2018, en relación con el problema de aguas negras, y le notifiquen lo resuelto”. Se ordena a Jimmy Cruz Jiménez y Melissa Arguedas Arce por su orden alcalde de Curridabat y directora a.i del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, o a quienes ejerzan tales cargos, cumplir lo dispuesto en la sentencia n.° 2019-012231 de las 9:30 horas del 5 de julio de 2019, en relación con que “en el plazo de 6 meses coordinen y resuelvan lo relativo a la denuncia planteada por el recurrente el 28 de mayo de 2018, en relación con el problema de aguas negras, y le notifiquen lo resuelto”. Lo anterior bajo el apercibimiento de ordenar el testimonio de piezas ante el Ministerio Público contra el alcalde de Curridabat y la apertura de un procedimiento administrativo contra la directora a.i. del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat si no lo hicieren. Por otra parte, se amplía el plazo otorgado en la sentencia n.° 2019-012231 de las 9:30 horas del 5 de julio de 2019, solo en lo relativo a “la atención del problema de desabastecimiento de agua en el proyecto urbanístico Miravalles I, para que en forma coordinada se ejecuten las acciones necesarias que resuelvan de forma definitiva dicha problemática, en el plazo máximo de 24 meses” y en consecuencia se confiere a Tomás Martínez Baldares, Jimmy Cruz Jiménez, Óscar Mora Altamirano y Johanna Chavarría Víquez, por su orden, presidente ejecutivo del Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados, alcalde de Curridabat, presidente del Concejo Municipal de Curridabat y directora a.i. del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, o a quienes ejerzan esos cargos, plazo hasta el 8 de mayo de 2024, únicamente para solucionar el problema de desabastecimiento de agua en el proyecto urbanístico Miravalles I, de acuerdo con los términos ordenados en la sentencia n.° 2019-012231 de las 9:30 horas del 5 de julio de 2019. En todo lo demás, no ha lugar a las gestiones formuladas.
Pull quotesCitas destacadas
"Lo anterior bajo el apercibimiento de ordenar el testimonio de piezas ante el Ministerio Público contra el alcalde de Curridabat y la apertura de un procedimiento administrativo contra la directora a.i. del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat si no lo hicieren."
"The foregoing under warning of ordering certification of the case file to the Public Prosecutor's Office against the Mayor of Curridabat and the initiation of administrative proceedings against the Acting Director of the Curridabat Health Area if they fail to do so."
Por tanto
"Lo anterior bajo el apercibimiento de ordenar el testimonio de piezas ante el Ministerio Público contra el alcalde de Curridabat y la apertura de un procedimiento administrativo contra la directora a.i. del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat si no lo hicieren."
Por tanto
"En mérito de lo expuesto, en el entendido de que el citado proyecto “Mejoras al sistema de acueducto de Miravalles 1, San José”, pretende darle una solución definitiva al problema de desabastecimiento de agua en la comunidad de Miravalles, lo cual es objeto de este recurso, la Sala estima procedente otorgar una ampliación del plazo, según los términos que se dictarán en la parte dispositiva de este pronunciamiento."
"In light of the foregoing, and given that the aforementioned “Miravalles 1 Water System Improvements, San José” project aims to provide a definitive solution to the water shortage problem in the Miravalles community, which is the object of this appeal, the Chamber deems it appropriate to grant an extension of the deadline, under the terms set forth in the operative part of this ruling."
Considerando III
"En mérito de lo expuesto, en el entendido de que el citado proyecto “Mejoras al sistema de acueducto de Miravalles 1, San José”, pretende darle una solución definitiva al problema de desabastecimiento de agua en la comunidad de Miravalles, lo cual es objeto de este recurso, la Sala estima procedente otorgar una ampliación del plazo, según los términos que se dictarán en la parte dispositiva de este pronunciamiento."
Considerando III
"Al respecto, la Sala rechaza la solicitud de ampliación de plazo planteada por el alcalde municipal para solucionar el problema de aguas negras denunciado desde el 28 de marzo de 2018. Lo anterior obedece a que en la especie ha transcurrido un plazo más que prudencial sin que el recurrido haya informado acción concreta alguna para resolver la problemática acusada."
"In this regard, the Chamber rejects the request for an extension of the deadline filed by the municipal mayor to solve the sewage problem reported since March 28, 2018. This is because a more than reasonable time has elapsed without the respondent having reported any concrete action to resolve the problem at issue."
Considerando V
"Al respecto, la Sala rechaza la solicitud de ampliación de plazo planteada por el alcalde municipal para solucionar el problema de aguas negras denunciado desde el 28 de marzo de 2018. Lo anterior obedece a que en la especie ha transcurrido un plazo más que prudencial sin que el recurrido haya informado acción concreta alguna para resolver la problemática acusada."
Considerando V
Full documentDocumento completo
Constitutional Chamber Date of Resolution: 16 July 2021 at 09:20 Case File: 19-003040-0007-CO Type of matter: Amparo remedy Content of Interest:
Type of content: Majority vote Branch of law: 4. MATTERS OF GUARANTEE Topic: NON-COMPLIANCE Sub-topics:
COMPLIANCE IS REITERATED.
015951-21. THE MAYOR OF CURRIDABAT IS ORDERED TO COMPLY WITH THE PROVISIONS OF JUDGMENT 012231-19, UNDER WARNING THAT CERTIFIED COPIES OF THE CASE FILE WILL BE SENT TO THE PUBLIC PROSECUTOR'S OFFICE.
LBH08/21 ... See more Content of Interest:
Type of content: Majority vote Branch of law: 4. MATTERS OF GUARANTEE Topic: PUBLIC SERVICES Sub-topics:
DRINKING WATER.
015951-21. THE MAYOR OF CURRIDABAT IS ORDERED TO COMPLY WITH THE PROVISIONS OF JUDGMENT 012231-19, UNDER WARNING THAT CERTIFIED COPIES OF THE CASE FILE WILL BE SENT TO THE PUBLIC PROSECUTOR'S OFFICE.
"The remedy is granted. Hernán Masís Quesada, Alicia Borja Rodríguez, Yamileth Astorga Espeleta, and Manuel Rosales Caamaño, in their respective capacities as President of the Municipal Council of Curridabat, Mayor of Curridabat, Executive President of the Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados, and Director of the Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, or whomever holds those positions, are ordered, within a non-extendable period of 3 days, to issue the respective orders within the framework of their competence, so that the Inter-institutional Commission formed by the Defensoría de los Habitantes to address the water shortage problem in the Miravalles I urban development project is reactivated, so that in a coordinated manner the necessary actions are executed to definitively resolve said problem, within a maximum period of 24 months from the notification of this judgment.
Likewise, Alicia Borja Rodríguez and Manuel Rosales Caamaño, in their respective capacities as Mayor of Curridabat and Director of the Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, or whomever holds those positions, are ordered to immediately coordinate and adopt the necessary measures and execute the respective evictions of those families that are located in the risk zones verified since 2009 and that currently remain at risk to their physical integrity; and that within a period of 6 months they coordinate and resolve the matter related to the complaint filed by the petitioner on 28 May 2018, regarding the sewage (aguas negras) problem, and notify him of the resolution. The foregoing is under the warning that, based on the provisions of Article 71 of the Ley de la Jurisdicción Constitucional, a prison term of three months to two years, or a fine of twenty to sixty days, shall be imposed on anyone who receives an order, issued in an amparo remedy, that must be complied with or enforced, and does not comply with it or enforce it, provided that the offense is not more severely punished.
The Municipalidad de Curridabat, the State, and the Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados are ordered to pay the costs, damages, and losses caused by the facts serving as the basis for this declaration, which shall be liquidated in the enforcement of the judgment in contentious-administrative proceedings. Notify this resolution personally to Hernán Masís Quesada, Alicia Borja Rodríguez, Yamileth Astorga Espeleta, and Manuel Rosales Caamaño, in their respective capacities as President of the Municipal Council of Curridabat, Mayor of Curridabat, Executive President of the Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillado, and Director of the Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, or whomever holds those positions; as well as to the Executive President of IMAS, the Minister of Housing and Human Settlements, and the Defensor de los Habitantes. Magistrate Salazar Alvarado appends a note regarding the sewage issue." (The underlining is not from the original.)
LBH08/21 ... See more CONSTITUTIONAL CHAMBER OF THE SUPREME COURT OF JUSTICE. San José, at nine hours and twenty minutes on the sixteenth of July of two thousand twenty-one.
Subsequent motion filed by DAVID ZAMORA AYMERICH, in relation to resolution No. 2019-012231 of 9:30 a.m. on 5 July 2019.
Whereas:
It adds that the Chamber granted the Área Rectora de Salud a six-month period to address the blackwater problem, and therefore the following actions were taken: “I. That on October 3, 2019, by means of official communication MS-DRRSCS-CU-1313-2019 received on October 15, 2019, the acting mayor of the Municipalidad de Curridabat, Sra. Alicia Borja Rodríguez, was requested to provide information on the delimitation of the La Ponderosa community, in order to proceed with scheduling the dye tests to be carried out at the reported site. (Expediente 8.4-9.03-007, folios 00054) II. That on October 3, 2019, by means of official communication MS-DRRSCS-CU-1313-2019 received on October 15, 2019, Sr. Douglas Alvarado, Director of the Sistema de Información Territorial of the Municipalidad de Curridabat, was requested to provide information on the property owners of the La Ponderosa community, in order to expedite the process of notifying sanitary orders to the persons on whose properties the blackwater from their dwellings is improperly discharged.
(Expediente 8.4-9.03-007, folios 00055) III. That in response to official communications MS-DRRSCS-CU-1313-2019 and MSDRRSCS CU-1320-20219, official communications SC-DSIT-SIG-0453-10-2019, MC-ALC-1448 10-2019MC-CIT-0022-2019, MC-ALC-1466-10-2019, MC-CIT-0021-2019 were issued, providing the information required by this Ministry regarding the territorial delimitation of the La Ponderosa community and the owners of the properties in this same sector. (Expediente 8.4-9.03-007, folios 00056 to 00062) IV. That from October 24, 2019, to February 12, 2020, 21 dwellings in the La Ponderosa neighborhood were inspected to verify the disposal of blackwater in the dwellings located in the reference sector of the complaint, where dye tests with sodium fluorescein were performed in the sanitary fixtures of the dwellings. V. That as of January 2020, the health authorities activated the international epidemiological health emergency protocols due to an outbreak of a novel coronavirus in China.
The World Health Organization (WHO) alert of January 30, 2020, was generated after a new type of coronavirus was detected in the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, which has caused deaths in different countries around the world. Coronaviruses (CoV) are a large family of viruses that can cause various conditions, from the common cold to more serious diseases, as occurs with the coronavirus causing Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), the one causing Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), and the one causing COVID-19. VI. That on March 16, 2020, the President of the Republic of Costa Rica declared a national state of emergency throughout the territory of the Republic of Costa Rica, due to the health emergency situation caused by the COVID-19 disease, N° 42227 - MP – S. Therefore, even though a state of emergency in the country due to the Coronavirus was decreed until mid-March 2020, weeks before the Ministry of Health and its regional and local areas were focused on addressing the national emergency due to the aforementioned pandemic, interfering with the regular operation of complaint handling, among them, the process of dye tests in the La Ponderosa neighborhood and the notification of the respective administrative acts.
VII. That on July 16, 2020, through notification from the Sala Constitucional, a non-compliance filing is received, filed at nine twenty-five on July sixteenth, two thousand twenty, by the complainant David Alberto Zamora Aymerich, ID 0109100965; the magistrate grants a hearing to the Director of the Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat to respond regarding the blackwater issue in La Ponderosa. Expediente 8.4-9.03-007, folios 00102 00103) VIII. That on July 22, 2020, the Sala Constitucional was informed, by means of official communication MS-DRRSCS-DARSCU-1248-2021, of the actions generated by this Ministry specifically regarding the intervention of the wastewater (aguas residuales) in the La Ponderosa sector, and progress of compliance of approximately 32% was communicated; however, due to the Declaration of Emergency by Decreto Ejecutivo N°42227-MP-S, all efforts of this organizational unit had to be prioritized and directed towards addressing the health emergency due to COVID-19.
Expediente 8.4-9.03-007, folios 00094 to 00101) IX. That according to resolution Nº 2020020111 of the Sala Constitucional of the Corte Suprema de Justicia of October 20, 2020, the non-compliance filing was upheld and Sr. Jimmy Cruz Jiménez, as Mayor of the Municipalidad de Curridabat, and Sra. Melissa Arguedas Arce, as Director of the Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, were ordered to comply with the provisions of judgment Nº 2019-012231 of July 5, 2019, that is, that within a period of 6 months, they coordinate and resolve the matter concerning the complaint filed by David Zamora Aymerich on May 28, 2019, regarding the blackwater problem in the La Ponderosa neighborhood, and notify him of the outcome. (Expediente 8.4-9.03-007, folios 00106 to 00116) X. In order to comply with the provisions of Nº 2020020111 of the Sala Constitucional of the Corte Suprema de Justicia of October 20, 2020, the management and disposal of blackwater from the dwellings located in the area of influence of the existing stormwater drainage easement (paso de aguas pluviales) was determined, according to the map provided by the Municipalidad de Curridabat, where the properties to be intervened are located; internal logistics were arranged to determine the resources and materials required to proceed with the intervention, that is, to perform dye tests in the sanitary fixtures of the dwellings.
XI. That on October 23, 2020, at the request of the Municipalidad de Curridabat, official communication MC-PMA-1254-10-2020 requested the resumption of actions regarding resolution 2019012231 of the Sala Constitucional, requesting for such purposes that a work schedule for the intervention of the problem be shared. In response to this request, on November 9, by means of official communication MS-DRRSCS-ARSCU-2275-2020, the Municipal Corporation was notified of the requested information in order to have the support of this institution through the officials of the river crews (cuadrilla de ríos) for the verification of the dye tests to be carried out at the site. (Expediente 8.4- 9.03-007, folios 00117 to 00120). XII. That by means of official communication MS-DRRSCS-ARSCU-3072-2020 dated November 20, 2020, the Municipalidad de Curridabat was informed of an adjustment to the field inspection schedule, extending the dates to intervene in the La Ponderosa sector.
(Expediente 8.4-9.03-007, folios 00210 and 00212). XIII. That based on the established schedule, the La Ponderosa sector was intervened, performing a dye test for these purposes, which consists of staining the water with sodium fluorescein, an orange-colored solid that takes on a greenish hue when dissolved in water. This procedure is the only one used by the Ministry of Health to determine the management and disposal of the blackwater generated in the dwellings of the sector under intervention. XIV. On the dates of November 2, 3, 6, 11, 16, 17, 25, 26, 2020, December 14, 15, 16, 17, 2020, and January 19, 20, 22, 2021, inspections were carried out at the indicated site, where sodium fluorescein was applied in the sanitary fixtures of each dwelling; a reasonable period was granted after which the test result was verified. The verification was carried out at two points, one in an open channel on the west side of the sports field and another in a sewer (alcantarilla) located on the property of Sra. Xinia Cordero Trejos.
For the verification, the support of officials from the Municipalidad de Curridabat (river crews) designated for this purpose was provided. XV. As of February 2021, a total of 106 inspections, both effective and ineffective, were completed. In the latter, the following situations occurred: no one was found, only minors were in the dwelling, entry was not permitted, or there were COVID-positive persons so entry was not possible; these inspections were rescheduled until they could be completed. 73 effective dye tests were completed, of which 47 had a positive result and 26 a negative result; despite multiple inspections, 5 dye tests in dwellings could not be completed. According to the reported data, practically 95% compliance with the intervention of the dwellings reported in that sector has been achieved. (Expediente 8.4-9.03-007, folios 00121 to 00164, 00166 to 00206, 00213 to 00253, 00256 to 00266, 00270 to 00331).
XVI. With the result obtained in the dye test performed, a technical report of the result was notified in situ, as well as a sanitary order, so that the property owners would proceed with the correction of the improper disposal of wastewater. The sanitary order stipulated a period of 90 business days, the expiration of which falls, according to the notification issued to each owner, between the months of March and June of this year. XVII. That during the execution of an institutional intervention, the following relevant findings were determined: • Illegal connections of wastewater to the stormwater pipe • Existence of a pipe installed within the properties for stormwater drainage, the same which is not registered in the stormwater map provided by the municipal entity, a situation that required repeating several dye tests that originally resulted negative and later turned out positive in this un-inventoried pipe. • Limited space on the properties to enable a septic tank (tanque séptico) and drainage fields (drenajes) • Homeowners stated that the Municipalidad told them to connect to the stormwater pipe at the time of its installation.
(Expediente 8.4-9.03-007, folio 349). XVIII. That on February 2, 2021, a virtual meeting was held with the Municipalidad de Curridabat, where the progress made by this Ministry in the Wastewater Case in the La Ponderosa Sector, Voto of the Sala Constitucional 19-003040-0007-CO, was presented; likewise, the need for ICAA’s participation in the intervention of this sector and for the provision of information on the sanitary sewer system (alcantarillado sanitario) was raised. (Expediente 8.4-9.03-007, folios 00335 to 00341). XIX. That on February 12, 2021, a virtual meeting was held with the Municipalidad de Curridabat and the Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillado, where it was established: “…To date, there are no primary or secondary networks in this sector, nor primary or secondary collectors that can be used by the ICAA to address this problem…” “…The Environmental Improvement Project of the Metropolitan Area was intended to begin in the year 2020-2021; however, due to a lack of financing, the project could not be started; it was re-planned and could be completed by the year 2026 to 2027…” (Expediente 8.4-9.03-007, folios 00342 to 00343).
XX. That on February 12, 2021, via email, Sr. Ing. Marco Fidel Vargas Quiroga, manager of the Unidad Ejecutora of the Environmental Improvement Project, (ICAA), was requested to provide an update report regarding the progress of the Environmental Improvement Project for the collection and treatment of wastewater, corresponding to the district of Tirrases in Curridabat, specifically in the locality of La Ponderosa. At the closing of this report, the information requested from the ICAA has not been submitted. (Expediente 8.4-9.03-007, folios 00345). XXI. That on March 10, 2021, by means of official communication MS-DRRSCS-DARSCU-634-2021, a response was provided to official communication MC-PMA-003-01-2021, in which the Municipalidad de Curridabat requested to be informed of the progress of the intervention carried out by this Ministry in the cited sector. (Expediente 8.4-9.03-007, folios 00333 to 00334 and 00347 to 00351).
XXII. That on April 13, official communication MC-DGV-0624-04-2021 was received, signed by Ing. Randall Rodríguez Araya, Director of Road Management (Gestión Vial) of the Municipalidad de Curridabat, in which he communicates, among other things, “…the pipes that were initially indicated were placed by the neighbors, they discharge directly into the La Ponderosa irrigation ditch (acequia) (open channel) and according to report MS-DRRSCS-DARSCU-IT-0063-2021, from the Ministry of Health, it is the pipe in which the fluorescein tests were performed, but it is clarified that said pipes, passing under houses on private property, do not belong to the municipal stormwater system…” . (Expediente 8.4-9.03-007, folios 00363 to 00366). XXIII. That given the expiration of the validity period of the sanitary orders issued to the various owners of the inspected dwellings and according to the installed capacity of this Ministry, the verification of compliance with the sanitary orders of those dwellings where an improper disposal of wastewater was confirmed will proceed on the following dates: June 28 to July 9, 2021, and in case of non-compliance, action will be taken according to law.” It considers that the Área Rectora de Salud Curridabat has not been negligent in complying with what was ordered by the Chamber, despite the fact that the Ministry of Health’s actions have been focused on addressing the COVID-19 pandemic. It requests that the non-compliance filing be dismissed.
The channeling of these waters through a system of piping the irrigation ditch without treatment processes to comply with surface water discharge regulations would entail, in addition to the economic investment, the preparation of a project that would ratify and approve an environmental contamination process of the Tiribí River, and the problem would be officially transferred downstream. According to the 2030 Agenda, Sustainable Development Goal #6 mentions, for example, that Governments must work on the issue of "Clean water and sanitation, for which the target is developed to improve water quality by reducing pollution, eliminating dumping and minimizing the emission of hazardous chemicals and materials, halving the proportion of untreated wastewater and substantially increasing recycling and safe reuse globally. Moreover, Target 6.6 mentions that water-related ecosystems, including forests, mountains, wetlands, rivers, aquifers, and lakes, must be protected and restored." In the National Policy for the protection and recovery of Protection Areas and rivers and streams, three work axes are established with their guidelines and objectives.
Guideline 1.3 mentions that "the institutions competent in the implementation of this policy promote the development and application of standardized tools, methodologies, protocols, and procedures to delineate and ascertain the current state of protection areas of rivers, streams, creeks, and springs (nacientes), as well as to execute the corresponding recovery and rehabilitation processes." Furthermore, guideline 3.3 determines: "Local governments, in their role as local territory administrators, must integrate rivers and their Protection Areas into cantonal regulatory plans, urban renewal plans, and other territorial planning and development instruments, for the purpose of contributing to the process of recovery, rehabilitation, management, and protection of these spaces, providing well-being to the population of each of the country's cantons. (…)." It considers that the municipality has complied with what was ordered, insofar as it has coordinated matters related to the blackwater problem reported on May 28, 2021, but it is a task that needs to be carried out jointly with the ICAA and the Ministry of Health.
It maintains that the foregoing implies that the Municipality of Curridabat depends obligatorily on the progress made by each involved institution. It denies that the local government has remained idle in seeking a possible and legally viable solution for the case of blackwater treatment in the La Ponderosa sector. It considers, regarding the water shortage in the Miravalles I sector, that the municipality is still within the deadline. It specifies that "Regarding the procedure that the claimant states has not been addressed, namely number 9636, it is communicated that through official letter MC-ALC-0344-05-2021, an extraordinary session of the Municipal Council has been convened in order to provide it with the corresponding judicial details of this amparo and the corresponding actions, and that it will be held on the upcoming May 24, 2021, at 6:00 p.m." It requests that the noncompliance proceeding be dismissed.
It asks that the ICAA be ordered to address and resolve the consultations raised in order to continue with the analysis and execution of the solutions. It requests that the extension of the granted deadline be analyzed.
On January 20 of the current year, Municipal officials accompanied ICAA officials during the water-supply operation with a tanker truck, in order to survey the leadership present in the community and the organizational mechanism the community uses to collect the water resource (a Photographic Record is attached)." They add that, via reports MS-DRRSCS-DARSCU-1248-2020 and MS-DRRSCS-DARSCU-1226-2021, the Curridabat Health Governing Body (Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat) indicated the actions taken to comply with the order regarding the reactivation of the Miravalles Interinstitutional Commission. They note that the definitive improvements regarding the direct provision of potable water are constrained by water capacity, design processes, and implementation of the project established by the ICAA. They explain, in relation to the Court's order regarding the execution of evictions and the resolution of the complaint of May 28, 2018, concerning the blackwater problem, that "while it is true that AYA officials indicated in their response brief that the Ministry of Health had issued a sanitary eviction order due to the instability of the sector, the truth is that such sanitary order does not exist, and therefore, it is currently not possible to carry out any eviction.
Additionally, promoting an eviction must be one of the last options, with the understanding that these settlements are practically consolidated; if so, it is a process that cannot be carried out solely by the Municipality, but rather must be a joint process with Central Government entities that can provide comprehensive attention to the housing issue, with the time this process could entail. Added to this, the Mayor's Office has appointed an Internal Commission to address this issue, as it has been determined that it does not correspond to a mass eviction, but rather it is necessary to conduct the pertinent studies to determine the areas to be evicted; in view of this, work has been undertaken on the following: 1. Slope Instability. The Comprehensive Risk Management Department has worked on updating the information in the Technical Reports of the National Commission for Risk Prevention and Emergency Response (Comisión Nacional de Prevención del Riesgo y Atención de Emergencias, CNE), regarding the risk assessment for slope instability at the site.
In response to this, on January 13, 2021 (Annex 6), the results of the study: Slope Instability in the canton of Curridabat were presented to Geól. Lidier Esquivel, Head of the CNE's Risk Analysis Department, which indicate that the risk in the Miravalles community categorized as very high vulnerability corresponds to one area of the community, not its entirety. It is agreed, together with the CNE, that the Technical Reports from that institution require updating, and also that none involved detailed geotechnical studies. Likewise, it is also agreed that the CNE will support the validation of a new study necessary to zone areas of mitigable and non-mitigable risk. 2. Procurement 2021LA-000009-0023100001 entitled "Engineering services for comprehensive and complete design (plans, budget) of risk management works in the Canton of Curridabat". The Municipality of Curridabat allocated budget content and is managing the procurement process, for an amount of ¢60,000,000, of which ¢8,750,000 corresponds to procurement line #2 concerning the Miravalles II Slope Stability study - Analysis of slope stability with geotechnical studies in identified high-risk zones; the technical study of the bids is currently being prepared (admissibility and qualification requirements).
This study is a very important input to guide decision-making regarding the risk situation at the site." They note, in relation to said order, that "in the brief filed in response to the filing of this Amparo, by the officials of the Costa Rican Institute of Aqueducts and Sewers (Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados), regarding that DAJ-F-847-09 of April 28, 2009, constitutes a sanitary eviction order pending execution in the Miravalles II Community Sector, is incorrect, since, as was communicated to your Authority through reports MS-DRRSCS-DARSCU-1248-2020 and MSDRRSCS-DARSCU-1226-2021 and according to the administrative file kept on this case in this Health Governing Body, there is no sanitary eviction order pending execution. Starting from the reactivation of the Miravalles Interinstitutional Commission, the analysis and intervention of the Miravalles II Community has been placed on the work table not only for the determination of the land's vulnerability but also for the necessary actions to formalize the settlement, as can be inferred from what is cited in reports MS-DRRSCS-DARSCU-1248- 2020 and MS-DRRSCS- DARSCU-1226-2021.
The Ministry of Health, the registered landowner, during December 2019 and January 2020, held meetings jointly with the Municipal entity, in order to devise actions in addressing the population of Miravalles II, hence, via official communication MS-DM-CB-27-2020, the agreement to donate the land where the informal settlement Miravalles II is located was communicated to the Municipality of Curridabat, a synergy required before the eventual implementation of the Comprehensive Urban Project presented by the Municipal Corporation, viewed by the members of the Commission as a comprehensive solution to the problems of this population. The project's methodology is based on social urbanism, which includes a technical engineering component, spatial analysis, and social and cultural analysis of the territory's elements. However, this proposal could not be finalized because a definitive solution was required for the potable water supply and for updated studies of hazards and vulnerability due to slope instability in the Miravalles Community, as well as on-site delimitation regarding mitigable and non-mitigable risk, prior to defining an urban reorganization, identifying which families would eventually need to be relocated due to risks to their physical integrity and which would be the sectors where formal construction processes could take place.
During 2020 and 2021, given the grave situation generated by the national health emergency due to the COVID-19 disease, this Ministry's actions have remained focused almost entirely on concentrating and maximizing the efforts of all health personnel for the containment and prevention of the COVID-19 disease, as well as verification actions of national directives and guidelines in response to the health emergency. Despite this panorama, which is known to the Judicial Authorities, this Health Authority, in absolute rigor and observance of national guidelines according to the epidemiological progress caused by the pandemic, has held meetings with the Directorate General of Health, as well as designated officials from other directorates such as the Administrative Directorate, the Directorate of Legal Affairs, the Directorate of Radiological Protection and Environmental Health, the Vice-Ministry, the Governing Unit of the Central South Regional Directorate, in order to establish a work route for the intervention of the informal settlement Miravalles, which intends the following actions: an updated topographical study of the land, for which, via official communications MS-DGS-1765-2021 and MS-DGS-1765-2021, the support of the National Emergency Commission (Comisión Nacional de Emergencias) was requested so that it could facilitate the use of drone technology to complement the topographical work; official communication MSDFB-UGI-240-2021 addressed to the Municipality of Curridabat, where the contribution of cadastral information on properties located in the Miravalles II sector is required, in order to define the legally established properties on the plot; to date, the final topographical study is pending, as the information generated in the photogrammetric flight in the study zone by the National Emergency Commission is awaited; however, a first draft is already available containing sheets with contour lines and longitudinal profiles in the slope zone and the boundary of the Ministry's property.
Once the final topographical study is available from this Ministry and the input generated by the Municipal entity through the slope stability analysis with geotechnical studies to determine mitigable and non-mitigable risk zones, the engineering study of the housing conditions in the zones according to the vulnerability and hazard conditions reflected in the cited studies will proceed. These inputs are highly relevant for decision-making in the comprehensive intervention of this sector." They deem that the pertinent material actions have been taken to comply with what was ordered by the Court, within the parameters of legality, operability, and administrative procedure. They emphasize the launch of the ICAA's project to improve the Miravalles I aqueduct system, which aims to definitively resolve the community's quantity and continuity problems. They allude that for this project to achieve its objective, the social working group of the interinstitutional commission has been vital, which interacts directly with the population of the Miravalles sector.
They emphasize that "according to the established schedule, execution began as of April 2021, with the design phase estimated to conclude in February 2022 and the final execution phase in May 2024." They allude that among the last actions carried out by the social working group, the following working sessions stand out: "Social Pact Advisory February 18, 2020, April 1, 2020, at CDH La Cometa, April 15, 2020, Miravalles Interinstitutional Commission, 5/7/2020 Miravalles Interinstitutional Commission - Social Working Group, and February 11, 2021", coordination with the community to supply water during rationing periods through tanker trucks, and the construction of the social pact that proposes agreements with social actors seeking to avoid vandalism of the water infrastructure. They highlight the review of the document "CONSULTANCY SERVICES FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION FOR THE SIGNING OF THE SOCIAL PACT IN THE MIRAVALLES COMMUNITY, TIRRASES, CURRIDABAT" and the proposal to start community workshops that allow communicating to the community's inhabitants the basic aspects of the ICAA project's execution and its components.
They allude that the petitioner Zamora Aymerich has never been a participant in the social working group, so he has not been part of the agreements communicated to the beneficiaries of the Miravalles sector, and therefore his lack of knowledge about the work performed is evident. They allude that they will be rendering periodic reports in relation to the project for improvements to the Miravalles I aqueduct system. They argue, in relation to the complaint filed on May 28, 2018, about the blackwater in the La Ponderosa community, that the Municipality of Curridabat and the Health Governing Body set forth the actions taken; furthermore, via the brief of May 11, 2021, the municipal corporation requested an extension of the deadline to resolve said complaint. They request that the deadline granted in judgment No. 2019-012231 of 9:30 a.m. on July 5, 2019, be extended until late May 2024, because it is materially impossible to implement the project "IMPROVEMENTS TO THE MIRAVALLES 1 AQUEDUCT SYSTEM, SAN JOSÉ", within the deadline initially granted by the Court.
Drafted by Magistrate Esquivel Rodríguez; and,
Considering:
I.On what was decided in the main judgment of this proceeding. In judgment No. 2019-012231 of 9:30 a.m. on July 5, 2019, it was ordered, in what is relevant, the following:
"Therefore:
The appeal is declared with merit. Hernán Masís Quesada, Alicia Borja Rodríguez, Yamileth Astorga Espeleta, and Manuel Rosales Caamaño, in their order as President of the Municipal Council of Curridabat, Mayor of Curridabat, Executive President of the Costa Rican Institute of Aqueducts and Sewers (Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados), and Director of the Curridabat Health Governing Body, or whomever holds those positions, are ordered, within the non-extendable period of 3 days, to issue the respective orders within the framework of their competence, so that the Interinstitutional Commission formed by the Ombudsman's Office (Defensoría de los Habitantes) for addressing the water shortage problem in the Miravalles I urban development project is reactivated, so that in a coordinated manner the necessary actions are executed to definitively resolve said problem, within a maximum period of 24 months from the notification of this judgment.
Likewise, Alicia Borja Rodríguez and Manuel Rosales Caamaño, in their order as Mayor of Curridabat and Director of the Curridabat Health Governing Body, or whomever holds those positions, are ordered to immediately coordinate and adopt the necessary measures and execute the respective evictions of those families located in risk zones identified since 2009 and whose physical integrity is currently at risk; and within a period of 6 months to coordinate and resolve what is related to the complaint filed by the petitioner on May 28, 2018, regarding the blackwater problem, and to notify the petitioner of the resolution. The foregoing under warning that, based on the provisions of Article 71 of the Law of Constitutional Jurisdiction (Ley de la Jurisdicción Constitucional), a prison sentence of three months to two years, or a fine of twenty to sixty days, will be imposed on anyone who receives an order that must be complied with or enforced, issued in an amparo proceeding, and fails to comply with it or fails to cause it to be complied with, provided the crime is not more severely penalized.
The Municipality of Curridabat, the State, and the Costa Rican Institute of Aqueducts and Sewers are ordered to pay the costs, damages, and losses caused by the acts serving as the basis for this declaration, which shall be liquidated in the execution of the judgment of the contentious-administrative court. Notify this resolution personally to Hernán Masís Quesada, Alicia Borja Rodríguez, Yamileth Astorga Espeleta, and Manuel Rosales Caamaño, in their order as President of the Municipal Council of Curridabat, Mayor of Curridabat, Executive President of the Costa Rican Institute of Aqueducts and Sewers, and Director of the Curridabat Health Governing Body, or whomever holds those positions; as well as to the Executive President of IMAS, the Minister of Housing and Human Settlements, and the Ombudsperson. Magistrate Salazar Alvarado files a separate note regarding the blackwater issue." (The underlining is not in the original).
This judgment was notified on July 9, 2019, to the Executive President of IMAS, on July 10, 2019, to the Minister of Housing and Human Settlements, on July 11, 2019, to the Mayor of Curridabat, the Director of the Curridabat Health Governing Body, and the Ombudsperson, on July 16, 2019, to the President of the Municipal Council of Curridabat, and on July 19, 2019, to the Executive President of the ICAA.
"III.- On the non-compliance proceeding. In the species, from a comprehensive reading of the subsequent proceeding, it is clear that the protected party alleges disobedience of what was ordered in judgment No. 2019-012231 of 9:30 a.m. on July 5, 2019, solely regarding the following: "(…) Alicia Borja Rodríguez and Manuel Rosales Caamaño, in their order as Mayor of Curridabat and Director of the Curridabat Health Governing Body, or whomever holds those positions, are ordered (…) within a period of 6 months to coordinate and resolve what is related to the complaint filed by the petitioner on May 28, 2018, regarding the blackwater problem, and to notify the petitioner of the resolution." In this sense, the protected party claims that Alicia Borja Rodríguez and Manuel Rosales Caamaño, in their order as Mayor of Curridabat and Director of the Curridabat Health Governing Body, were ordered, within a period of 6 months, to coordinate and resolve what is related to the complaint filed by the petitioner on May 28, 2018, regarding the blackwater problem, and to notify the petitioner of the resolution, and further explains that such complaint was made due to a series of threats to the population, since there is a flow of blackwater at the level of the curb and gutter in the La Ponderosa Urbanization in Tirrases; however, as of the filing date of this proceeding, it is not evident to them that the Health Governing Body has issued any sanitary order, nor that the respondent authorities have addressed the exposed problem, thus accusing partial non-compliance with the main judgment of the proceeding, given that the six-month period to solve the zone's blackwater problem has already elapsed. They request that the judgment be executed regarding the partial non-compliance and ask that the technical justifications issued by the respondent authorities not be accepted.
In this regard, the Mayor of Curridabat indicated that, regarding the complaint filed by the protected party on May 28, 2018, concerning the blackwater issue, the following actions were carried out: "• Information required to begin identifying the problem was managed and shared, including a topographic survey, registry information and delimitation of the site, as well as a map of the area of interest with the stormwater pipes (lines) inventoried by the Road Management Directorate (Dirección de Gestión Vial) in that sector that flow towards the water body under analysis, nodes corresponding to manholes, catch basins, or other types of elements connecting pipe segments, water bodies, and properties. • Initial inspections to detect contamination problems and the Municipality of Curridabat's accompaniment of the Ministry of Health occurred between November and December 2019 on four different dates, with an average of four dye tests (coloraciones) carried out per date, across dwellings and businesses.
Regarding this last item (sic) carried out, it is important to consider that the Municipality requires the intervention of the Ministry of Health to verify which property or plot the improper connection originates from and to proceed with the notification. Likewise, and according to information from this Ministry, more field work is still required; however, it has not been possible to carry it out in 2020. At the beginning of this year, communication MC-PMA 0104-01-2020 was submitted to the Ministry (sic) of Health, referring to a strategy for addressing diffuse contamination in watercourses in the canton of Curridabat, with special emphasis on resolution No. 2019012231 of the Constitutional Court of the Supreme Court of Justice, for which meeting dates were proposed to discuss the issues and progress on the case, but these dates had to be canceled by the Health Ministry entity, as its priority (sic) at this time is attending to urgencies regarding public service and the consequent availability of human resources, in compliance with Executive Decree No. 42221-S and Ministerial guidelines in response to the health alert due to COVID-19, therefore, they informed this municipal corporation that it was not possible to attend the convened meetings, since the resources of that organizational unit are focused on attending to the health alert.
The mentioned dye tests require entry onto private property and the application of the fluorescein reagent in systems suspected of potentially being connected to the stormwater system; this therefore requires interaction among municipal officials, health personnel, dwelling inhabitants, and owners or collaborators of the visited business. The foregoing (sic) in order to correct infractions and alterations to natural resources; however, it is important to mention that we comply with the directives issued by the Health governing body, regarding the necessary sanitary measures to reduce contagion and protect officials, their families, and the community." On the other hand, regarding the 6-month deadline granted to address the blackwater problem, the then Acting Director (Directora a.i.) of the Curridabat Health Governing Body indicated that "coordination was undertaken with the Municipality of Curridabat, so that it could provide support to this Health Governing Body with the resources it possesses in cartographic and registry matters, to provide a survey of the area of influence of the reported blackwater problem.
(…) A sketch was provided with the location of the properties to be intervened, including the owner's name, establishing a total of 62 properties. With this information and with the human and material resources available in this Health Governing Body, a schedule was established for deployment to the zone, in order to carry out the respective dye tests in each identified dwelling, with the aim of determining the management and disposal of blackwater. The dye testing process began in November 2019; this process is slow, given that said test can only be performed on one dwelling at a time, requiring waiting for the result and verifying it at points difficult to access. The dye testing process has advanced approximately 32%, given that due to the national emergency declared via Executive Decree No. 42227-MP-S, "Declares a state of national emergency throughout the territory of the Republic of Costa Rica, due to the health emergency situation caused by the COVID-19 disease," it has been required to prioritize the attention of this emergency." Now, although the authorities set forth various actions taken in order to solve the blackwater problem alleged by the petitioner and, furthermore, justified that due to the COVID-19 pandemic they have been unable to fully comply with what was ordered by the Court, it is no less true that the six-month deadline granted expired in January 2020, that is, before the issuance of Decree No. 42227-MP-S "Declares a state of national emergency throughout the territory of the Republic of Costa Rica, due to the health emergency situation caused by the COVID-19 disease" of March 16, 2020, by the Executive Branch.
In addition, such authorities did not file a request for an extension within the granted deadline, nor any compliance schedule, and, in any case, the evidence does not show that the petitioner was notified.
By virtue of the foregoing, this Tribunal deems non-compliance with what was ordered in judgment No. 2019-012231 of 9:30 a.m. on July 5, 2019, to be proven, solely with respect to the Mayor of Curridabat and the Director of the Curridabat Health Governing Body, in the terms indicated above. However, as the persons currently holding the positions of Mayor of Curridabat and Director of the Curridabat Health Governing Body are not the same as those to whom judgment No. 2019-012231 of 9:30 a.m. on July 5, 2019, was notified, the proper course is to order the current representatives to comply with what was ordered therein, as will be provided in the operative part of this resolution. (…)
Therefore:
The non-compliance proceeding is accepted. Jimmy Cruz Jiménez and Melissa Arguedas Arce, in their order as Mayor of Curridabat and Director of the Curridabat Health Governing Body, or whomever holds those positions, are ordered to comply with what was ordered in judgment No. 2019-012231 of 9:30 a.m. on July 5, 2019, in relation to "within a period of 6 months to coordinate and resolve what is related to the complaint filed by the petitioner on May 28, 2018, regarding the blackwater problem, and to notify the petitioner of the resolution." The respondents are warned that, in accordance with Article 71 of the Law of Constitutional Jurisdiction, a prison sentence of three months to two years, or a fine of twenty to sixty days, will be imposed on anyone who receives an order that must be complied with or enforced, issued in an amparo proceeding, and fails to comply with it or fails to cause it to be complied with, provided the crime is not more severely penalized. The joinder filed is declared inadmissible. Notify this resolution to Jimmy Cruz Jiménez and Melissa Arguedas Arce, in their order as Mayor of Curridabat and Director of the Curridabat Health Governing Body, or whomever holds those positions, personally." Said ruling was notified to the respondent authorities on October 26, 2020.
III.On the non-compliance proceeding. In the species, the petitioner files a disobedience proceeding in relation to judgment No. 2019-012231 of 9:30 a.m. on July 5, 2019, stating that, after almost two years, blackwater in the Tirrases sector continues to be illegally discharged onto the public roadway. He states that neighbors who are current on their taxes continue to suffer from the unsanitary conditions arising from this problem. He argues that there is an absolute lack of road infrastructure, as well as pipes, culverts, and a lack of control over the territory and the condemned institutions. He considers that no solution has been provided, that the lack of potable water is consistent, and that communication with the respondents is nonexistent. He estimates that none of the respondent institutions has provided any communication regarding when and how the works ordered by the Court are going to happen.
He reprimands that almost two years have passed since the judgment was issued without the neighbors seeing any work for their benefit. He argues that the sanitary eviction orders will not be executed by the Ministry of Health and blackwater will continue to be spilled onto the public roadway, contaminating public health and the rivers, implying the permanent lack of potable water. under the asphalt layer. He questions whether "Must we wait for a new tragedy in the Tirrases sector like the one in April 2019, with a raging fire that destroyed 7 homes due to a lack of water? At some point in our existence will we be able to see a completed work that is productive for the Canton of Curridabat?" He requests that compliance be ordered with what was ordered in judgment No. 2019-012231 of 9:30 a.m. on July 5, 2019.
In this regard, it is pertinent to bring up what was ordered by the Court in ruling No. 2019-012231 of 9:30 a.m. on July 5, 2019, where it stated: "Hernán Masís Quesada, Alicia Borja Rodríguez, Yamileth Astorga Espeleta, and Manuel Rosales Caamaño, in their order as President of the Municipal Council of Curridabat, Mayor of Curridabat, Executive President of the Costa Rican Institute of Aqueducts and Sewers, and Director of the Curridabat Health Governing Body, or whomever holds those positions, are ordered, within the non-extendable period of 3 days, to issue the respective orders within the framework of their competence, so that the Interinstitutional Commission formed by the Ombudsman's Office for addressing the water shortage problem in the Miravalles I urban development project is reactivated, so that in a coordinated manner the necessary actions are executed to definitively resolve said problem, within a maximum period of 24 months from the notification of this judgment.
Likewise, Alicia Borja Rodríguez and Manuel Rosales Caamaño, in their order as Mayor of Curridabat and Director of the Curridabat Health Governing Body, or whomever holds those positions, are ordered to immediately coordinate and adopt the necessary measures and execute the respective evictions of those families located in risk zones identified since 2009 and whose physical integrity is currently at risk; and within a period of 6 months to coordinate and resolve what is related to the complaint filed by the petitioner on May 28, 2018, regarding the blackwater problem, and to notify the petitioner of the resolution." In this vein, given that in the case at hand various orders were issued directed at different authorities, the proper course is to analyze each of them separately.
In the first instance, this Chamber ordered: “(…) It is ordered to Hernán Masís Quesada, Alicia Borja Rodríguez, Yamileth Astorga Espeleta, and Manuel Rosales Caamaño, in their capacity as President of the Municipal Council of Curridabat, Mayor of Curridabat, Executive President of the Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillado, and Director of the Health Governing Area (Área Rectora de Salud) of Curridabat, respectively, or whoever holds those positions, that within a non-extendable period of 3 days, they issue the respective orders within the framework of their competence, so that the Inter-institutional Commission (Comisión Interinstitucional) formed by the Defensoría de los Habitantes to address the problem of water shortages in the urban development project Miravalles I is reactivated, so that in a coordinated manner the necessary actions are executed to definitively resolve said problem, within a maximum period of 24 months from the notification of this judgment.
(…)” Regarding this matter, from the reports rendered and the evidence in the record, it is inferred that, since August 9, 2019, the inter-institutional commission to address the drinking water shortage in Miravalles was reactivated and has held various working sessions. From this perspective, no disobedience to what was ordered by the Chamber is observed with respect to this point. Likewise, it is noted that at the time the petitioner filed the disobedience action (May 2, 2021), the 24-month period granted by this Court to definitively resolve the water problem in Miravalles was still in effect; therefore, it is proper to dismiss the disobedience proceeding regarding this order.
Now, the record shows that the respondent authorities request the Chamber to extend the period granted to solve the water shortage problem in the Miravalles sector until the end of May 2024.
On this matter, the Chamber observes that the respondent authorities have implemented the provisional measure of supplying the community of Miravalles via water trucks. Furthermore, it is verified that the ICAA is developing the project “Improvements to the Miravalles 1 aqueduct system, San José,” whose general objective is “To improve the drinking water supply system of the community of Miravalles 1 and Calle Garita.” This project “consists of improving the existing infrastructure, such as the Miravalles pumping station, where an assessment of the existing components must be carried out and they must be adapted to the new operating parameters. Additionally, the discharge pipeline, which has an approximate length of 345 meters to the tank site, must be replaced. As well as carrying out the necessary improvements to the storage tank and complementary works that facilitate its operation and maintenance.
Additionally, the entire distribution network, which has an approximate length of 1365 meters, must be replaced. Furthermore, at the tank site, the possibility of providing for 3 public ornamental drinking water fountains is analyzed, in order to prevent future illegal connections.” In this regard, it is verified that the project to be developed would even benefit a population of 1000 people belonging to the urbanizations of Miravalles I and Calle Garita, as well as the Miravalles II settlement. Moreover, it is confirmed that this project has a cost of ₵ 219,958,412.73. For its part, from the schedule provided by the respondent authorities, it is inferred that the aforementioned project has a duration of 729 days and began in April 2021, so its execution is scheduled for May 8, 2024.
By virtue of the foregoing, with the understanding that the cited project “Improvements to the Miravalles 1 aqueduct system, San José” aims to provide a definitive solution to the problem of water shortages in the community of Miravalles, which is the object of this remedy, the Chamber deems it proper to grant an extension of the period, according to the terms that will be issued in the operative part of this pronouncement.
IV.For its part, in judgment No. 2019-012231 of 9:30 a.m. on July 5, 2019, it was also ordered: “Likewise, it is ordered to Alicia Borja Rodríguez and Manuel Rosales Caamaño, in their capacity as Mayor of Curridabat and Director of the Health Governing Area (Área Rectora de Salud) of Curridabat, respectively, or whoever holds those positions, to immediately coordinate and adopt the necessary measures and execute the respective evictions of those families who are located in the risk zones verified since the year 2009 and who currently remain at risk to their physical integrity; and that within a period of 6 months they coordinate and resolve the matter regarding the complaint filed by the appellant on May 28, 2018, in relation to the blackwater (aguas negras) problem, and notify him of the resolution.”
In relation to the execution of the respective evictions, from the study of the record it is inferred that in the Health Governing Area (Área Rectora de Salud) of Curridabat there is no eviction order pending execution in the Miravalles sector. In this sense, through official letter MS-DRRSCS-DARSCU-1226-2021 of May 10, 2021, the acting director of the Health Governing Area (Área Rectora de Salud) of Curridabat indicated: “(…) According to the disobedience proceeding regarding the eviction of families in risk zones initiated in the filing brief, and in accordance with the administrative file kept on the case in this Health Governing Area (Área Rectora de Salud), there is no sanitary eviction order pending execution in the Miravalles II sector; the eviction of a case under the name of Luis Barrientos was processed, which was notified and executed at the time, leaving none pending to date (…)”. Thus, the Chamber does not observe any disobedience to what was ordered in judgment No. 2019-012231 of 9:30 a.m. on July 5, 2019, concerning the order to “execute the respective evictions of those families who are located in the risk zones verified since the year 2009 and who currently remain at risk to their physical integrity,” therefore, it is proper to dismiss the disobedience proceeding regarding this order.
V.Furthermore, in the above-mentioned judgment No. 2019-012231 of 9:30 a.m. on July 5, 2019, it was also ordered: “Likewise, it is ordered to Alicia Borja Rodríguez and Manuel Rosales Caamaño, in their capacity as Mayor of Curridabat and Director of the Health Governing Area (Área Rectora de Salud) of Curridabat, respectively, or whoever holds those positions, (…) that within a period of 6 months they coordinate and resolve the matter regarding the complaint filed by the appellant on May 28, 2018, in relation to the blackwater (aguas negras) problem, and notify him of the resolution (…)”.
In this regard, the acting director of the Health Governing Area (Área Rectora de Salud) of Curridabat states that the following actions have been carried out: “I. That on October 3, 2019, through official letter MS-DRRSCS-CU-1313-2019 received on October 15, 2019, the then-mayor of the Municipality of Curridabat, Ms. Alicia Borja Rodríguez, was requested information on the delimitation of the La Ponderosa community, in order to proceed with scheduling the dye tests (pruebas de coloración) to be carried out at the reported site. (…) II. That on October 3, 2019, through official letter MS-DRRSCS-CU-1313-2019 received on October 15, 2019, Mr. Douglas Alvarado, Director of the Territorial Information System of the Municipality of Curridabat, was requested information regarding the property owners in the La Ponderosa community, in order to expedite the process of notifying sanitary orders to the persons on whose properties the blackwater (aguas negras) from their homes is improperly discharged.
(…) III. That in response to official letters MS-DRRSCS-CU-1313-2019 and MSDRRSCS-CU-1320-20219, official letters SC-DSIT-SIG-0453-10-2019, MC-ALC-1448-10-2019MC-CIT-0022-2019, MC-ALC-1466-10-2019, MC-CIT-0021-2019 are issued, providing the information requested by this Ministry regarding the territorial delimitation of the La Ponderosa community and the property owners of this same sector. (…) IV. That from October 24, 2019, to February 12, 2020, 21 homes were inspected in the La Ponderosa neighborhood to verify the disposal of blackwater (aguas negras) in the homes located in the sector referenced in the complaint, where dye tests (pruebas de coloración) with sodium fluorescein were conducted in the sanitary fixtures of the homes. V. That since January 2020, health authorities activated international sanitary epidemiological emergency protocols due to the outbreak of the new coronavirus in China.
The World Health Organization (WHO) alert of January 30, 2020, was generated after a new type of coronavirus was detected in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, which has caused deaths in different countries around the world. Coronaviruses (CoV) are a broad family of viruses that can cause various conditions, from the common cold to more serious diseases, as occurs with the coronavirus causing Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), the one causing Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), and the one causing COVID-19. VI. That on March 16, 2020, the President of the Republic of Costa Rica declared a state of national emergency throughout the territory of the Republic of Costa Rica, due to the health emergency situation caused by the COVID-19 disease, No. 42227 - MP – S. Therefore, despite the fact that a state of emergency was decreed in the country due to the Coronavirus until mid-March 2020, weeks earlier the Ministry of Health and its regional and local areas were focused on attending to the national emergency caused by the aforementioned pandemic, interfering with the regular functioning of attention to complaints, among them, the process of dye tests (pruebas de coloración) in the La Ponderosa neighborhood and the notification of the respective administrative acts.
VII. That on July 16, 2020, through notification from the Constitutional Chamber (Sala Constitucional), a disobedience proceeding filed at nine twenty-five a.m. on July sixteenth, two thousand and twenty, by the appellant David Alberto Zamora Aymerich, ID 0109100965, was received; the magistrate grants a hearing to the Director of the Health Governing Area (Área Rectora de Salud) of Curridabat to appear regarding the blackwater (aguas negras) issue in La Ponderosa. Case file 8.4-9.03-007, folios 00102 00103) VIII. That on July 22, 2020, this Ministry proceeded to inform the Constitutional Chamber (Sala Constitucional) through official letter MS-DRRSCS-DARSCU- 1248-2021, about the actions generated by this Ministry specifically regarding the intervention of the residual waters in the La Ponderosa sector, and a compliance progress of approximately 32% was communicated; however, due to the Declaration of Emergency through Decreto Ejecutivo N°42227-MP-S, all efforts of this organizational unit had to be prioritized and directed towards attending the health emergency due to COVID-19.
Case file 8.4-9.03-007, folios 00094 to 00101) IX. That according to ruling No. 2020020111 of the Constitutional Chamber (Sala Constitucional) of the Supreme Court of Justice of October 20, 2020, the non-compliance proceeding was accepted and Mr. Jimmy Cruz Jiménez as Mayor of the Municipality of Curridabat and Ms. Melissa Arguedas Arce as Director of the Health Governing Area (Área Rectora de Salud) of Curridabat were ordered to comply with the provisions of judgment No. 2019-012231 of July 5, 2019, that is, that within a period of 6 months the matter relating to the complaint filed by David Zamora Aymerich on May 28, 2019, regarding the blackwater (aguas negras) problem in the La Ponderosa neighborhood be coordinated and resolved and he be notified of the resolution.(…) X. In order to comply with the provisions of No. 2020020111 of the Constitutional Chamber (Sala Constitucional) of the Supreme Court of Justice of October 20, 2020, the determination of the management and disposal of the blackwater (aguas negras) from the homes located in the area of influence of the existing stormwater passage was proceeded with, according to the map provided by the Municipality of Curridabat, where the properties to be intervened are located; the internal logistics were carried out to determine the resources and materials required to proceed with the intervention, that is, to carry out dye tests (pruebas de coloración) in the sanitary fixtures of the homes.
XI. That on October 23, 2020, at the request of the Municipality of Curridabat, official letter MC-PMA-1254-10-2020 requests to resume actions in relation to the Constitutional Chamber (Sala Constitucional) resolution 2019012231, requesting for such purposes that the work schedule for the intervention of the problem be shared. In response to this request, on November 9, through official letter MS-DRRSCS-ARSCU-2275-2020, the Municipal Corporation is notified of the requested information in order to have the support of this institution through the officials of the river crews for the verification of the dye tests (coloraciones) to be carried out on the site. (…). XII. That through official letter MS-DRRSCS-ARSCU-3072-2020 dated November 20, 2020, the Municipality of Curridabat is notified of an adjustment to the field inspection schedule, extending the dates to intervene in the La Ponderosa sector.
(…). XIII. That based on the established schedule, the La Ponderosa sector was intervened, carrying out for such purposes a dye test (prueba de coloración), which consists of dyeing the water with sodium fluorescein, which is an orange solid that when dissolved in water takes on a greenish hue. This procedure constitutes the only one used by the Ministry of Health to determine the management and disposal of the blackwater (aguas negras) generated in the homes of the sector under intervention. XIV. On the dates November 2, 3, 6, 11, 16, 17, 25, 26, 2020; December 14, 15, 16, 17, 2020; and January 19, 20, 22, 2021, the inspections were carried out at the indicated site, where fluorescein was applied in the sanitary fixtures of each home; a reasonable period was granted, at the end of which the verification of the test result was carried out. The verification was performed at two points: one in an exposed channel on the west side of the sports plaza and the other in a sewer located on the property of Mrs.
Xinia Cordero Trejos. For the verification, the support of officials from the Municipality of Curridabat (river crew) designated for this purpose was counted upon. XV. By February 2021, a total of 106 inspections had been completed, both effective and ineffective. In the latter, the following situations occurred: no one was found, only minors were in the home, entry was denied, or there were COVID-positive persons, so entry was not possible; these inspections were rescheduled until their effectiveness was achieved. A total of 73 effective dye tests (pruebas de coloración) were completed, of which 47 had a positive result and 26 a negative result; despite multiple inspections, 5 dye tests (pruebas de coloración) in homes could not be completed. According to the reported data, practically 95% compliance with the intervention of the homes reported in that sector has been achieved. (…). XVI.
With the result obtained in the dye test (prueba de coloración) carried out, a technical report of the result was notified in situ, as well as a sanitary order so that the property owners would proceed with the correction of the improper disposal of residual waters (aguas residuales). The sanitary order stipulated a term of 90 business days, whose expiration is, according to the notification issued to each owner, between the months of March and June of this year. XVII. That during the execution of an institutional intervention, the following were determined as relevant findings: • Illegal connections of residual waters (aguas residuales) to the stormwater pipe • Existence of a pipe installed within the properties for stormwater evacuation, which is not registered on the stormwater map provided by the municipal entity, a situation that required repeating several dye tests (pruebas de coloración) that originally resulted negative and subsequently tested positive in this un-inventoried pipe. • Limited space on the properties to enable a septic tank (tanque séptico) and drainage • Homeowners stated that the Municipality told them to connect to the stormwater pipe at the time of its installation.
(…). XVIII. That on February 2, 2021, a virtual meeting was held with the Municipality of Curridabat, where the progress made by this Ministry in the Residual Waters (Aguas Residuales) case in the Ponderosa Sector, Constitutional Chamber (Sala Constitucional) Ruling 19-003040-0007-CO, was presented; likewise, the need for ICAA participation in the intervention of this sector and the provision of information on the sanitary sewer system (alcantarillado sanitario) was presented. (…). XIX. That on February 12, 2021, a virtual meeting was held with the Municipality of Curridabat and the Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillado, where it was established “…There are currently no primary or secondary networks in this sector, nor primary or secondary collectors that can be used by the ICAA to address this problem…” “…The Environmental Improvement Project of the Metropolitan Area was intended to begin in the year 2020-2021, however, due to lack of financing, the project has not been able to start, it was re-planned and could be completed in the year 2026 to 2027…” (…).
XX. That on February 12, 2021, via email, Mr. Eng. Marco Fidel Vargas Quiroga, manager of the Executing Unit of the Environmental Improvement Project, (ICAA) was requested an update report regarding the progress of the Environmental Improvement Project for the collection and treatment of residual waters (aguas residuales), corresponding to the Tirrases district of Curridabat, specifically in the locality of La Ponderosa. At the close of this report, the information requested from the ICAA has not been submitted. (…). XXI. That on March 10, 2021, through official letter MS-DRRSCS-DARSCU-634-2021, a response is provided to official letter MC-PMA-003-01-2021, in which the Municipality of Curridabat requests to be informed of the progress of the intervention carried out by this Ministry in the cited sector. (…). XXII. That on April 13, official letter MC-DGV-0624-04-2021 is received, signed by Eng.
Randall Rodríguez Araya, Director of Road Management of the Municipality of Curridabat, in which he communicates, among other things, “…the pipes that were initially indicated were placed by the neighbors, they discharge directly into the La Ponderosa ditch (open channel) and according to report MS-DRRSCS-DARSCU-IT-0063-2021, from the Ministry of Health, it is the pipe in which the fluorescein tests were conducted, but it is clarified that said pipes, passing under houses on private property, do not belong to the municipal stormwater system…”. (…). XXIII. That given the expiration of the validity period of the sanitary orders issued to the various owners of the inspected homes, and according to the installed capacity of this Ministry, the verification of compliance with the sanitary orders will proceed during the following dates: June 28 to July 9, 2021, for those homes where an inadequate disposal of residual waters (aguas residuales) was verified, and in case of non-compliance, action will be taken according to the law.” For his part, the mayor of Curridabat indicated that a company carried out a feasibility study, which culminated in report F-130-IEF-03, in which it was concluded that a possible alternative is to promote the construction of a treatment plant to decontaminate a section of the stream or ditch that has the best technical conditions for operating.
Additionally, he pointed out that in the Curridabat area there already exists a sanitation or ordinary residual waters (aguas residuales) collection project by the ICAA and that, although both projects were redundant, the corresponding solution alternative of constructing the treatment plant was analyzed, and for this the following investment is required: “1) Acquisition of a 2200 m2 plot of land at a cost of $210/m2 where the Treatment System will be located: $ 462,000.
For its part, it is observed that, through official letter MC-DSIT-081-05-2021 of May 7, 2021, signed by the director of Territorial Information Systems, it was indicated: “we have municipal lands, with or without the requested requirements, and that an eventual acquisition of private lands is a very complicated route, due to technical aspects such as slopes, proximity to the river, area, and costs (…) reviewing the municipal inventories and the situations of negative slopes towards the Tiribi River, we have the following considerations:
The president of the ICAA indicated: “while it is true that compliance with the operative part of Resolution No. 2019012231, which refers to ‘(…) the execution of the evictions ordered and resolving the matter regarding the complaint filed by the appellant on May 28, 2018, in relation to the blackwater (aguas negras) problem (…)’, is beyond AyA's competences, it is pertinent to inform your authority about AyA’s implementation of the ‘Environmental Improvement Project of the Metropolitan Area of San José (PMAAMSJ)’, under the charge of the AyA PAPS Executing Unit, and which contemplates extending the Sanitary Sewer (Alcantarillado Sanitario) and Sanitation System to the Tirrases sector of Curridabat, according to the Strategic Planning processes previously approved by AyA, so that once the material implementation of the Project is fully completed, the availability of sanitary sewer (alcantarillado sanitario) and sanitation services in the Miravalles I and La Ponderosa sector of Tirrases, Curridabat will be enabled.
However, as has been informed by AyA on repeated occasions, and has been endorsed and ratified by the Constitutional Chamber (Sala Constitucional) itself, the eventual enabling of availability of services in the zone in question does not mean that AyA will officially and immediately interconnect each of the properties that already have buildings constructed within the entire Tirrases sector of Curridabat as such, because for this, each of the registered owners interested in the provision of the service must request and comply before AyA with each of the technical, legal, and commercial requirements imposed in the Regulation for the provision of AyA services that is in effect at the time the project is completed, and which, at the date of this Report, are imposed in Articles 8, 14, and 79 of the referred to Comprehensive Modification to the Regulation for the provision of AyA services, published in the Official Gazette Diario Oficial La Gaceta Digital No. 27, Scope No. 29, Tuesday, February 9, 2021.
Now, the scope and status of the material implementation of the ‘Environmental Improvement Project of the Metropolitan Area of San José (PMAAMSJ)’ have already been duly communicated by AyA to the Municipality of Curridabat through Memorandum No. PRE-PAPS-2021-00237 and Memorandum No. PRE-PAPS-2021-00238, both issued on January 25, 2021, by Ms. Johanna Diaz Umaña, an official of the EU Programa de Agua Potable y Saneamiento (Executing Unit PAPS), as well as Memorandum No. PRE-PAPS-2021-01061, issued on April 8, 2021, by Eng. Marco Fidel Vargas Quiroga, head of the Unidad Ejecutora Programa de Agua Potable y Saneamiento (PAPS), which in turn attaches the Report ‘Environmental Improvement Project of the Metropolitan Area of San José (PMAAMSJ)’, issued in the month of April 2021 by Eng. Dagoberto Araya Villalobos, head of the Engineering Directorate of the same Unidad Ejecutora Programa de Agua Potable y Saneamiento, all of which are attached for your due knowledge and verification.
As a corollary of the foregoing, it is necessary to verify, through the inter-institutional coordination that has already been established between AyA, the Municipality of Curridabat, and the Ministry of Health, the actions that allow AyA, within the framework of the competences established by Ley N°2726, to provide the advice and the technical, legal, and administrative approvals that may be required by the local Municipality and Ministry of Health to definitively resolve the complaint filed by the appellant on May 28, 2018, in relation to the blackwater (aguas negras) problem that exists in the La Ponderosa sector, of Tirrases, Curridabat, since, as detailed previously, even once the project enabling the availability of the sewer system in the area is completed, it is necessary to verify the technical, legal, and commercial possibility of approving each of the possible requests for new sanitary sewer (alcantarillado sanitario) service that may be generated by each of the registered owners of the properties already built in the area and that have approved and registered drinking water service with AyA”.
From this perspective, even though the Chamber acknowledges that the respondent authorities have taken actions aimed at solving the blackwater (aguas negras) problem reported since May 28, 2018, it is no less true that such actions have been insufficient. In that sense, it is noted that it was not until the occasion of the interlocutory resolution No. 2020-020111 of 9:40 a.m. on October 20, 2020, and more than nine months after the period granted by the Court in judgment No. 2019-012231 of 9:30 a.m. on July 5, 2019, had expired, that the determination of the management and disposal of blackwater (aguas negras) from the homes located in the area of influence of the existing stormwater passage began, according to the map provided by the Municipality of Curridabat. Furthermore, from that moment, the properties to be intervened were located, the internal logistics within the Ministry of Health were carried out to determine the resources and materials required to proceed with the intervention, that is, to carry out dye tests (pruebas de coloración) in the sanitary fixtures of the homes.
Likewise, it was not until the period of November 2020 and January 2021 that the inspections and fluorescein tests were carried out in the sanitary fixtures of each home, of which 47 had a positive result, and with this, the corresponding sanitary orders were notified so that the property owners would proceed with the correction of the improper disposal of residual waters (aguas residuales), sanitary orders whose expiration dates were scheduled between March and June 2021.
In other words, although actions aimed at complying with what was ordered have been executed in the present case, it is no less true that from the record it is not inferred that the complaint filed on March 28, 2018, has been definitively resolved, nor that such circumstances have been notified to the appellant party. Consequently, it is proper to accept the disobedience proceeding regarding this point.
Now, the Court observes that the mayor of Curridabat requests an extension of the period granted to comply with this part of the judgment, for the purpose of determining the most viable project to solve the blackwater (aguas negras) problem, whether it be the project that the ICAA is developing or the treatment plant indicated in report F-130-IEF-03.
In this regard, the Chamber rejects the request for an extension of the period proposed by the municipal mayor to solve the blackwater (aguas negras) problem reported since March 28, 2018. The foregoing is because, in this case, a more than reasonable period has elapsed without the respondent having reported any concrete action to resolve the accused problem. Furthermore, note that the initial period granted by the Chamber was six months, which expired in January of 2020, and it is only now, that is, more than 16 months after the granted period expired, that the aforementioned mayor seeks an extension of the granted period.
That is to say, the aforementioned request for an extension is clearly untimely, since the deadline set by this Chamber had amply expired at the time such request was filed.
VI.Documentation provided to the case file. The parties are warned that if they have provided any document on paper, as well as objects or evidence contained in any additional electronic, computer, magnetic, optical, telematic device or one produced by new technologies, these must be withdrawn from the office within a maximum period of 30 business days counted from the notification of this judgment. Otherwise, any material not withdrawn within this period will be destroyed, pursuant to the provisions of the "Reglamento sobre Expediente Electrónico ante el Poder Judicial", approved by the Corte Plena in session No. 27-11 of August 22, 2011, article XXVI and published in the Boletín Judicial number 19 of January 26, 2012, as well as in the agreement approved by the Consejo Superior del Poder Judicial, in session No. 43-12 held on May 3, 2012, article LXXXI.
Por tanto:
The noncompliance proceeding is partially granted, only in relation to what was ordered in judgment No. 2019-012231 of 9:30 a.m. on July 5, 2019, corresponding to "within a period of 6 months, coordinate and resolve the matter regarding the complaint filed by the petitioner on May 28, 2018, in relation to the blackwater problem, and notify him of the resolution." Jimmy Cruz Jiménez and Melissa Arguedas Arce, in their respective capacities as mayor of Curridabat and acting director of the Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, or whoever holds those positions, are ordered to comply with the provisions of judgment No. 2019-012231 of 9:30 a.m. on July 5, 2019, in relation to "within a period of 6 months, coordinate and resolve the matter regarding the complaint filed by the petitioner on May 28, 2018, in relation to the blackwater problem, and notify him of the resolution." The foregoing under warning that, if they fail to do so, certified copies of the relevant documents will be ordered to be sent to the Ministerio Público against the mayor of Curridabat and an administrative proceeding will be initiated against the acting director of the Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat.
On the other hand, the deadline granted in judgment No. 2019-012231 of 9:30 a.m. on July 5, 2019 is extended, only in relation to "addressing the water shortage problem in the Miravalles I urban development project, so that the necessary actions are executed in a coordinated manner to definitively resolve said problem, within a maximum period of 24 months," and consequently Tomás Martínez Baldares, Jimmy Cruz Jiménez, Óscar Mora Altamirano and Johanna Chavarría Víquez, in their respective capacities, executive president of the Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados, mayor of Curridabat, president of the Concejo Municipal de Curridabat and acting director of the Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, or whoever holds those positions, are granted a deadline until May 8, 2024, solely to solve the water shortage problem in the Miravalles I urban development project, in accordance with the terms ordered in judgment No. 2019-012231 of 9:30 a.m. on July 5, 2019.
In all other respects, the motions filed are dismissed. Let this resolution be notified to Jimmy Cruz Jiménez and Melissa Arguedas Arce, in their respective capacities as mayor of Curridabat and acting director of the Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, or whoever holds those positions, personally.
\t Fernando Castillo V.
\t Nancy Hernández L.
\t \t Luis Fdo. Salazar A.
Jorge Araya G.
\t \t Anamari Garro V.
Marta Eugenia Esquivel R.
\t \t Mauricio Chacón J.
Clasificación elaborada por SALA CONSTITUCIONALdel Poder Judicial. Prohibida su reproducción y/o distribución en forma onerosa.
Contenido de Interés:
Tipo de contenido: Voto de mayoría Rama del Derecho: 4. ASUNTOS DE GARANTÍA Tema: INCUMPLIMIENTO Subtemas:
SE REITERA CUMPLIMIENTO.
015951-21. SE ORDENA AL ALCALDE DE CURRIDABAT, CUMPLIR LO DISPUESTA EN SENTENCIA 012231-19, BAJO ADVERTENCIA DE TESTIMONIAR PIEZAS AL MINISTERIO PÚBLICO.
LBH08/21 ... Ver más Contenido de Interés:
Tipo de contenido: Voto de mayoría Rama del Derecho: 4. ASUNTOS DE GARANTÍA Tema: SERVICIOS PÚBLICOS Subtemas:
AGUA POTABLE.
015951-21. SE ORDENA AL ALCALDE DE CURRIDABAT, CUMPLIR LO DISPUESTA EN SENTENCIA 012231-19, BAJO ADVERTENCIA DE TESTIMONIAR PIEZAS AL MINISTERIO PÚBLICO.
"Se declara con lugar el recurso. Se ordena a Hernán Masís Quesada, Alicia Borja Rodríguez, Yamileth Astorga Espeleta y a Manuel Rosales Caamaño, por su orden Presidente del Concejo Municipal de Curridabat, Alcaldesa de Curridabat, Presidenta Ejecutiva del Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillado y Director del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, o a quienes ocupen esos cargos, que en el plazo improrrogable de 3 días, emitan las órdenes respectivas en el marco de su competencia, a fin de que se reactive la Comisión Interinstitucional conformada por la Defensoría de los Habitantes para la atención del problema de desabastecimiento de agua en el proyecto urbanístico Miravalles I, para que en forma coordinada se ejecuten las acciones necesarias que resuelvan de forma definitiva dicha problemática, en el plazo máximo de 24 meses a partir de la notificación de esta sentencia. Asimismo, se ordena a Alicia Borja Rodríguez y a Manuel Rosales Caamaño, por su orden Alcaldesa de Curridabat y Director del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, o a quienes ocupen esos cargos, que de inmediato coordinen y adopten las medidas necesarias y ejecuten los desalojos respectivos de aquellas familias que se encuentran en las zonas de riesgo constatadas desde el año 2009 y que actualmente mantengan en riesgo su integridad física; y que en el plazo de 6 meses coordinen y resuelvan lo relativo a la denuncia planteada por el recurrente el 28 de mayo de 2018, en relación con el problema de aguas negras, y le notifiquen lo resuelto.
Lo anterior bajo apercibimiento que, con base en lo establecido en el artículo 71 de la Ley de la Jurisdicción Constitucional, se impondrá prisión de tres meses a dos años, o de veinte a sesenta días multa, a quien recibiere una orden que deba cumplir o hacer cumplir, dictada en un recurso de amparo y no la cumpliere o no la hiciere cumplir, siempre que el delito no esté más gravemente penado. Se condena a la Municipalidad de Curridabat, al Estado y al Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados, al pago de las costas, daños y perjuicios causados con los hechos que sirven de base a esta declaratoria, los que se liquidarán en ejecución de sentencia de lo contencioso administrativo. Notifíquese esta resolución en forma personal a Hernán Masís Quesada, Alicia Borja Rodríguez, Yamileth Astorga Espeleta y a Manuel Rosales Caamaño, por su orden Presidente del Concejo Municipal de Curridabat, Alcaldesa de Curridabat, Presidenta Ejecutiva del Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillado y Director del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, o a quienes ocupen esos cargos, o a quienes ocupen esos cargos; así como también al Presidente Ejecutivo del IMAS, a la Ministra de Vivienda y Asentamientos Humanos y a la Defensora de los Habitantes.
El Magistrado Salazar Alvarado pone nota, respecto al tema de aguas negras”. (El subrayado no es del original)." LBH08/21 ... Ver más SALA CONSTITUCIONAL DE LA CORTE SUPREMA DE JUSTICIA. San José, a las nueve horas veinte minutos del dieciseis de julio de dos mil veintiuno .
Gestión posterior planteada por DAVID ZAMORA AYMERICH, en relación con la resolución n.° 2019-012231 de las 9:30 horas del 5 de julio de 2019.
Resultando:
Redacta la Magistrada Esquivel Rodríguez; y,
Considerando:
I.Sobre lo resuelto en la sentencia principal de este proceso. En la sentencia n.° 2019-012231 de las 9:30 horas del 5 de julio de 2019, se dispuso, en lo que interesa, lo siguiente:
“Por tanto:
Se declara con lugar el recurso. Se ordena a Hernán Masís Quesada, Alicia Borja Rodríguez, Yamileth Astorga Espeleta y a Manuel Rosales Caamaño, por su orden Presidente del Concejo Municipal de Curridabat, Alcaldesa de Curridabat, Presidenta Ejecutiva del Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillado y Director del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, o a quienes ocupen esos cargos, que en el plazo improrrogable de 3 días, emitan las órdenes respectivas en el marco de su competencia, a fin de que se reactive la Comisión Interinstitucional conformada por la Defensoría de los Habitantes para la atención del problema de desabastecimiento de agua en el proyecto urbanístico Miravalles I, para que en forma coordinada se ejecuten las acciones necesarias que resuelvan de forma definitiva dicha problemática, en el plazo máximo de 24 meses a partir de la notificación de esta sentencia. Asimismo, se ordena a Alicia Borja Rodríguez y a Manuel Rosales Caamaño, por su orden Alcaldesa de Curridabat y Director del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, o a quienes ocupen esos cargos, que de inmediato coordinen y adopten las medidas necesarias y ejecuten los desalojos respectivos de aquellas familias que se encuentran en las zonas de riesgo constatadas desde el año 2009 y que actualmente mantengan en riesgo su integridad física; y que en el plazo de 6 meses coordinen y resuelvan lo relativo a la denuncia planteada por el recurrente el 28 de mayo de 2018, en relación con el problema de aguas negras, y le notifiquen lo resuelto.
Lo anterior bajo apercibimiento que, con base en lo establecido en el artículo 71 de la Ley de la Jurisdicción Constitucional, se impondrá prisión de tres meses a dos años, o de veinte a sesenta días multa, a quien recibiere una orden que deba cumplir o hacer cumplir, dictada en un recurso de amparo y no la cumpliere o no la hiciere cumplir, siempre que el delito no esté más gravemente penado. Se condena a la Municipalidad de Curridabat, al Estado y al Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados, al pago de las costas, daños y perjuicios causados con los hechos que sirven de base a esta declaratoria, los que se liquidarán en ejecución de sentencia de lo contencioso administrativo. Notifíquese esta resolución en forma personal a Hernán Masís Quesada, Alicia Borja Rodríguez, Yamileth Astorga Espeleta y a Manuel Rosales Caamaño, por su orden Presidente del Concejo Municipal de Curridabat, Alcaldesa de Curridabat, Presidenta Ejecutiva del Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillado y Director del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, o a quienes ocupen esos cargos, o a quienes ocupen esos cargos; así como también al Presidente Ejecutivo del IMAS, a la Ministra de Vivienda y Asentamientos Humanos y a la Defensora de los Habitantes. El Magistrado Salazar Alvarado pone nota, respecto al tema de aguas negras”. (El subrayado no es del original).
Tal sentencia fue notificada el 9 de julio de 2019 al presidente Ejecutivo del IMAS, el 10 de julio de 2019 a la ministra de Vivienda y Asentamientos Humanos, el 11 de julio de 2019 a la alcaldesa de Curridabat, al director del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat y a la Defensora de los Habitantes, el 16 de julio de 2019 al presidente del Concejo Municipal de Curridabat y el 19 de julio de 2019 a la presidenta Ejecutiva del ICAA.
“III.- Sobre la gestión de incumplimiento. En la especie, de la lectura íntegra de la gestión posterior, se desprende que el tutelado acusa desobediencia de lo dispuesto en la sentencia n.° 2019-012231 de las 9:30 horas del 5 de julio de 2019, únicamente respecto a lo siguiente: “(…) se ordena a Alicia Borja Rodríguez y a Manuel Rosales Caamaño, por su orden Alcaldesa de Curridabat y Director del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, o a quienes ocupen esos cargos, que (…) en el plazo de 6 meses coordinen y resuelvan lo relativo a la denuncia planteada por el recurrente el 28 de mayo de 2018, en relación con el problema de aguas negras, y le notifiquen lo resuelto”. En ese sentido, el tutelado reclama que se le ordenó a Alicia Borja Rodríguez y a Manuel Rosales Caamaño, por su orden Alcaldesa de Curridabat y Director del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, que en el plazo de 6 meses coordinen y resuelvan lo relativo a la denuncia planteada por el recurrente el 28 de mayo de 2018, en relación con el problema de aguas negras, y le notifiquen lo resuelto, además, explica que tal denuncia se efectuó debido a una serie de amenazas a la población, puesto que existe una corriente de aguas negras a nivel de cordón de caño en la Urbanización La Ponderosa en Tirrases; sin embargo, a la fecha de interposición de esta gestión, no le consta que el Área Rectora de Salud haya emitido orden sanitaria alguna, ni que las autoridades recurridas hayan atendido la problemática expuesta, por lo que acusa el incumplimiento parcial a la sentencia principal del proceso, en tanto que ya ha transcurrido el plazo de seis meses para solucionar el problema de aguas negras de la zona. Solicita que se ejecute la sentencia en cuanto al incumplimiento parcial y pide que no se acepten las justificaciones técnicas emitidas por las autoridades recurridas.
Al respecto, el Alcalde de Curridabat indicó que, en cuanto a la denuncia planteada por el amparado el 28 de mayo de 2018 por el tema de aguas negras, se llevaron a cabo las siguientes actuaciones: “• Se gestionó y compartió información requerida para comenzar a identificar la problemática, entre esto se encuentra un levantamiento topográfico, información registral y delimitación del sitio, así como un mapa del área de interés con las tuberías pluviales (líneas) que se tienen inventariadas en la Dirección de Gestión Vial de ese sector y que tributan hacia el cuerpo de agua en análisis, nodos que corresponden a pozos, cajas de registro u otro tipo de elemento que une los tramos de tuberías, cuerpos de agua y propiedades. • Las inspecciones iniciales para detectar problemas de contaminación y el acompañamiento de la Municipalidad de Curridabat al Ministerio de Salud ocurrieron entre noviembre y diciembre 2019 en cuatro fechas distintas con cuatro coloraciones realizadas en promedio por fecha, entre viviendas y comercio.
En relación con este último item (sic) desarrollado, es importante tomar en cuenta que, la Municipalidad requiere de la intervención por del Ministerio de Salud para hacer las comprobaciones respecto a cuál propiedad o predio viene la inadecuada conexión y proceder con la notificación. Asimismo, y de acuerdo con información de este Ministerio, aún se requiere más trabajo de campo; sin embargo, para el 2020 no se ha logrado realizar. A inicios de este año, se presentó ante el Miniserio (sic) de Salud el oficio MC-PMA 0104-01-2020, que hacía referencia a una estrategia para el abordaje de contaminación difusa en cursos de agua en el cantón de Curridabat, con énfasis especial en la resolución n°2019012231 de la Sala Constitucional de la Corte Suprema de Justicia, para lo cual se propusieron fechas de reunión para tratar los temas y los avances con el caso, pero dichas fechas debieron ser canceladas por parte del ente Ministerial de Salud, pues su proridad (sic) en este momento es atender urgencias en cuanto la atención del público y consecuente disponibilidad de recursos humano, en cumplimiento del Decreto Ejecutivo N°42221-S y lineamientos Ministeriales en atención a la alerta sanitaria por COVID-19, por lo que, comunicaron a esta corporación municipal que, no era posible asistir a las reuniones convocadas, ya que los recursos de esa unidad organizativa se encuentran enfocados en la atención de la alerta sanitaria.
Las coloraciones mencionadas requieren el ingreso a propiedad privada y la aplicación del reactivo fluoresceína en los sistemas que se sospechan puedan estar conectados al sistema pluvial, esto requiere por lo tanto una interacción entre funcionarios municipales, personal de salud, habitantes de la vivienda y dueños o colabores del comercio visitado. Lo anteiror (sic) con el fin de que se corrijan infracciones y alteraciones a los recursos naturales; sin embargo, es importante mencionar que acatamos las directrices emitidas por el ente rector de Salud, en cuanto a las medidas sanitarias necesarias para reducir los contagios y proteger tanto a los funcionarios, sus familias y a la comunidad”.
Por otro lado, en cuanto al plazo de 6 meses otorgado para atender la problemática de aguas negras, la Directora a.i. del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat indicó que “se procedió a la coordinación con la Municipalidad de Curridabat, con el fin de que brindara el apoyo a esta Área Rectora de Salud con los recursos con que esta dispone en materia cartográfica y registral, para que aportara un levantamiento del área de influencia de la problemática denunciada de aguas negras. (…) Se aportó un croquis con la ubicación de las propiedades a intervenir con la información del nombre del propietario, llegándose a establecer una cantidad de 62 propiedades. Con esta información y con los recursos humanos y materiales disponibles en esta Área Rectora de Salud, se procedió a establecer una programación para el desplazamiento a la zona, con el fin de realizar las respectivas pruebas de coloración en cada vivienda identificada, con el fin de terminar el manejo y disposición de las aguas negras.
El proceso de pruebas de coloración se inició en el mes de noviembre de 2019, este proceso es lento, dado que solo se puede realizar dicha prueba a una vivienda a la vez, se debe esperar el resultado y verificarlo en puntos de difícil acceso. El proceso de las pruebas de coloración se ha avanzado en un 32% aproximadamente, dado que por la emergencia nacional decretada mediante Decreto Ejecutivo No 42227-MP-S, “Declara estado de emergencia nacional en todo el territorio de la República de Costa Rica, debido a la situación de emergencia sanitaria provocada por la enfermedad COVID-19”, se ha requerido priorizar la atención de esta emergencia”.
Ahora, si bien las autoridades expusieron diversas acciones efectuadas en aras de solventar la problemática de aguas negras acusada por el recurrente y, además, justificaron que debido a la pandemia de la covid 19 no han podido cumplir a cabalidad lo ordenado por la Sala, no menos cierto es que el plazo de seis meses otorgado feneció en enero de 2020, esto es, antes de la emisión del decreto n.° 42227-MP-S “Declara estado de emergencia nacional en todo el territorio de la República de Costa Rica, debido a la situación de emergencia sanitaria provocada por la enfermedad COVID-19” del 16 de marzo de 2020 por parte del Poder Ejecutivo. En adición, tales autoridades no formularon dentro del plazo otorgado una solicitud de prórroga ni tampoco algún cronograma de cumplimiento y, en todo caso, de la prueba no se desprende que se le hayan notificado a la parte recurrente.
En mérito de lo expuesto, este Tribunal tiene por acreditado el incumplimiento a lo ordenado en la sentencia n.° 2019-012231 de las 9:30 horas del 5 de julio de 2019, únicamente respecto al Alcalde de Curridabat y al Director del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, en los términos supra señalados. No obstante, como las personas que actualmente ejercen los cargos de Alcalde de Curridabat y Directora del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat no son las mismas a quienes se les notificó la sentencia n.° 2019-012231 de las 9:30 horas del 5 de julio de 2019, lo procedente es ordenar el cumplimiento de lo ahí dispuesto a los actuales representantes, tal y como se dispondrá en la parte dispositiva de esta resolución. (…)
Por tanto:
Se acoge la gestión de incumplimiento. Se ordena a Jimmy Cruz Jiménez y Melissa Arguedas Arce por su orden Alcalde de Curridabat y Directora del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, o a quienes ejerzan tales cargos, cumplir lo dispuesto en la sentencia n.° 2019-012231 de las 9:30 horas del 5 de julio de 2019, en relación con que “en el plazo de 6 meses coordinen y resuelvan lo relativo a la denuncia planteada por el recurrente el 28 de mayo de 2018, en relación con el problema de aguas negras, y le notifiquen lo resuelto”. Se advierte a los recurridos que, de conformidad con el artículo 71 de la Ley de la Jurisdicción Constitucional, se impondrá prisión de tres meses a dos años, o de veinte a sesenta días multa, a quien recibiere una orden que deba cumplir o hacer cumplir, dictada en un recurso de amparo y no la cumpliere o no la hiciere cumplir, siempre que el delito no esté más gravemente penado. Se declara inadmisible la coadyuvancia planteada. Notifíquese esta resolución a Jimmy Cruz Jiménez y Melissa Arguedas Arce por su orden Alcalde de Curridabat y Directora del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, o a quienes ejerzan tales cargos, en forma personal”.
Tal pronunciamiento fue notificado a las autoridades recurridas el 26 de octubre de 2020.
III.Sobre la gestión de incumplimiento. En la especie, el recurrente plantea gestión de desobediencia en relación con la sentencia n.° 2019-012231 de las 9:30 horas del 5 de julio de 2019, pues indica que, tras casi dos años, las aguas negras en el sector de Tirrases siguen siendo vertidas ilegalmente en la vía pública. Manifiesta que los vecinos que están al día con sus impuestos continúan padeciendo por la insalubridad derivada de este problema. Arguye que existe una absoluta falta de infraestructura vial, así como de tuberías, cañas y una falta de control sobre el territorio y las instituciones condenadas. Considera que no se ha brindado solución alguna, que la falta de agua potable es consistente, así como que la comunicación con los recurridos es nula. Estima que ninguna de las instituciones recurridas ha brindado comunicación alguna relativa a cuándo y cómo se van a dar las obras ordenadas por la Sala.
Recrimina que han transcurrido casi dos años del dictado de la sentencia sin que los vecinos vean obra alguna para su beneficio. Arguye que no se van a ejecutar las órdenes sanitarias de desalojo por parte del Ministerio de Salud y se van a continuar derramando las aguas negras en la vía pública y contaminando la salud pública y los ríos, lo que implica la permanente falta de agua potable. bajo la capa asfáltica. Cuestiona si “¿Será que tenemos que esperar a que exista una nueva tragedia en el sector de Tirrases como se diera en el mes de abril del 2019, con un incendio voraz que destruyó 7 viviendas por falta de agua? ¿en algún momento de nuestra existencia podremos ver alguna obra finalizada y que sea productiva para el Cantón de Curridabat?” Solicita que se ordene el cumplimiento de lo ordenado en la sentencia n.° 2019-012231 de las 9:30 horas del 5 de julio de 2019.
Al respecto, conviene traer a colación lo dispuesto por la Sala en el voto n.° 2019-012231 de las 9:30 horas del 5 de julio de 2019, donde se indicó: “Se ordena a Hernán Masís Quesada, Alicia Borja Rodríguez, Yamileth Astorga Espeleta y a Manuel Rosales Caamaño, por su orden Presidente del Concejo Municipal de Curridabat, Alcaldesa de Curridabat, Presidenta Ejecutiva del Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillado y Director del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, o a quienes ocupen esos cargos, que en el plazo improrrogable de 3 días, emitan las órdenes respectivas en el marco de su competencia, a fin de que se reactive la Comisión Interinstitucional conformada por la Defensoría de los Habitantes para la atención del problema de desabastecimiento de agua en el proyecto urbanístico Miravalles I, para que en forma coordinada se ejecuten las acciones necesarias que resuelvan de forma definitiva dicha problemática, en el plazo máximo de 24 meses a partir de la notificación de esta sentencia.
Asimismo, se ordena a Alicia Borja Rodríguez y a Manuel Rosales Caamaño, por su orden Alcaldesa de Curridabat y Director del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, o a quienes ocupen esos cargos, que de inmediato coordinen y adopten las medidas necesarias y ejecuten los desalojos respectivos de aquellas familias que se encuentran en las zonas de riesgo constatadas desde el año 2009 y que actualmente mantengan en riesgo su integridad física; y que en el plazo de 6 meses coordinen y resuelvan lo relativo a la denuncia planteada por el recurrente el 28 de mayo de 2018, en relación con el problema de aguas negras, y le notifiquen lo resuelto”. En este orden de ideas, visto que en el caso de marras se emitieron distintas órdenes dirigidas a diversas autoridades, lo procedente es analizar cada una de ellas por separado.
En primer término, esta Sala dispuso: “(…) Se ordena a Hernán Masís Quesada, Alicia Borja Rodríguez, Yamileth Astorga Espeleta y a Manuel Rosales Caamaño, por su orden Presidente del Concejo Municipal de Curridabat, Alcaldesa de Curridabat, Presidenta Ejecutiva del Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillado y Director del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, o a quienes ocupen esos cargos, que en el plazo improrrogable de 3 días, emitan las órdenes respectivas en el marco de su competencia, a fin de que se reactive la Comisión Interinstitucional conformada por la Defensoría de los Habitantes para la atención del problema de desabastecimiento de agua en el proyecto urbanístico Miravalles I, para que en forma coordinada se ejecuten las acciones necesarias que resuelvan de forma definitiva dicha problemática, en el plazo máximo de 24 meses a partir de la notificación de esta sentencia. (…)”.
Sobre el particular, de los informes rendidos y de la prueba que consta en autos, se colige que, desde el 9 de agosto de 2019, la comisión interinstitucional para la atención del desabastecimiento del agua potable en Miravalles fue reactivada y ha realizado diversas sesiones de trabajo. Desde este panorama, no se observa desobediencia alguna a lo ordenado por la Sala en lo que a ese extremo atañe. Asimismo, se advierte que al momento en que el accionante acudió en desobediencia (2 de mayo de 2021), el plazo de 24 meses otorgado por este Tribunal para resolver en definitiva la problemática de agua de Miravalles se encontraba vigente, por ello procede desestimar la gestión de desobediencia en lo que a esta orden atañe.
Ahora bien, de los autos se desprende que las autoridades recurridas le solicitan a la Sala ampliar el plazo otorgado para solucionar el problema de desabastecimiento de agua en el sector de Miravalles hasta finales de mayo de 2024.
Sobre el particular, la Sala observa que las autoridades accionadas han dispuesto la medida provisional de abastecimiento en la comunidad de Miravalles, mediante camiones cisterna. Además, se constata que el ICAA se encuentra desarrollando el proyecto “Mejoras al sistema de acueducto de Miravalles 1, San José”, el cual tiene como objetivo general “Mejorar el sistema de abastecimiento de agua potable de la comunidad de Miravalles 1 y Calle Garita”. Tal proyecto “consiste en mejorar la infraestructura existente, así como lo es la estación de bombeo de Miravalles, en la cual se deben de realizar una valoración de los componentes existente y acondicionarlos a los nuevos parámetros de operación. Además, se debe de sustituir la tubería de impulsión, la cual tiene una longitud aproximada de 345 metros hasta el sitio de tanque. Así como, realizar las mejoras necesarias al tanque de almacenamiento y obras complementarias que faciliten la operación y mantenimiento de este. Adicionalmente, se debe de sustituir toda la red de distribución, la cual tiene una longitud aproximada de 1365 metros. Además, en el sitio de tanque, se analiza la posibilidad en dejar previsto, 3 fuentes públicas de ornato de agua potable, con el fin de evitar las conexiones ilícitas a futuro”.
Al respecto se verifica que el proyecto a desarrollar incluso permitiría beneficiar a una población de 1000 personas pertenecientes a las urbanizaciones de Miravalles I y Calle Garita, así como el asentamiento Miravalles II. Además, se comprueba que este tiene un costo de ₵ 219,958,412.73. Por su parte, del cronograma aportado por las autoridades recurridas se colige que el aludido proyecto tiene una duración de 729 días e inició desde abril de 2021, por lo que tiene programada su ejecución para el 8 de mayo de 2024.
En mérito de lo expuesto, en el entendido de que el citado proyecto “Mejoras al sistema de acueducto de Miravalles 1, San José”, pretende darle una solución definitiva al problema de desabastecimiento de agua en la comunidad de Miravalles, lo cual es objeto de este recurso, la Sala estima procedente otorgar una ampliación del plazo, según los términos que se dictarán en la parte dispositiva de este pronunciamiento.
IV.Por su parte, en la sentencia n.° 2019-012231 de las 9:30 horas del 5 de julio de 2019, también se dispuso: “Asimismo, se ordena a Alicia Borja Rodríguez y a Manuel Rosales Caamaño, por su orden Alcaldesa de Curridabat y Director del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, o a quienes ocupen esos cargos, que de inmediato coordinen y adopten las medidas necesarias y ejecuten los desalojos respectivos de aquellas familias que se encuentran en las zonas de riesgo constatadas desde el año 2009 y que actualmente mantengan en riesgo su integridad física; y que en el plazo de 6 meses coordinen y resuelvan lo relativo a la denuncia planteada por el recurrente el 28 de mayo de 2018, en relación con el problema de aguas negras, y le notifiquen lo resuelto”.
En relación con la ejecución de los desalojos respectivos, del estudio de los autos se colige que en el Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat no existe orden de desalojo alguna pendiente de ejecutar en el sector de Miravalles. En este sentido, mediante oficio MS-DRRSCS-DARSCU-1226-2021 del 10 de mayo de 2021, la directora a.i. del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat señaló: “(…) Según la gestión de desobediencia del desalojo de familias en zona de riesgo incoada en el memorial de interposición, y de acuerdo con el expediente administrativo que se lleva del caso en esta Área Rectora de Salud, no se tiene ninguna orden sanitaria de desalojo pendiente de ejecutar en el sector de Miravalles II, se tramitó el desalojo de un caso que se llevó a nombre de Luis Barrientos, el cual se notificó y ejecutó en su momento, no quedando ningún pendiente a la fecha (…)”. Así las cosas, la Sala no observa desobediencia alguna en lo ordenado en la sentencia n.° 2019-012231 de las 9:30 horas del 5 de julio de 2019, concerniente a que se “ejecuten los desalojos respectivos de aquellas familias que se encuentran en las zonas de riesgo constatadas desde el año 2009 y que actualmente mantengan en riesgo su integridad física”, por lo que procede desestimar la gestión de desobediencia en lo que a esta orden atañe.
V.Además, en la supramencionada sentencia n.° 2019-012231 de las 9:30 horas del 5 de julio de 2019, también se dispuso: “Asimismo, se ordena a Alicia Borja Rodríguez y a Manuel Rosales Caamaño, por su orden Alcaldesa de Curridabat y Director del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, o a quienes ocupen esos cargos, (…) que en el plazo de 6 meses coordinen y resuelvan lo relativo a la denuncia planteada por el recurrente el 28 de mayo de 2018, en relación con el problema de aguas negras, y le notifiquen lo resuelto (…)”.
Al respecto, la directora a.i. del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, manifiesta que se han realizado las siguientes acciones: “I. Que el 03 de octubre del 2019, mediante oficio MS-DRRSCS-CU-1313-2019 recibido el 15 de octubre del 2019, se le solicitó a la alcaldesa de turno de la Municipalidad de Curridabat, la Sra. Alicia Borja Rodríguez, información sobre la delimitación de la comunidad La Ponderosa, con el fin de proceder a programar las pruebas de coloración a realizar en el sitio denunciado. (…) II. Que el 03 de octubre del 2019, mediante oficio MS-DRRSCS-CU-1313-2019 recibido el 15 de octubre del 2019, se le solicitó al Sr. Douglas Alvarado, Director del Sistema de Información Territorial de la Municipalidad de Curridabat, información sobre los propietarios de los inmuebles de la comunidad La Ponderosa, con el fin de agilizar el proceso de notificación de órdenes sanitarias a las personas en cuyos inmuebles se viertan inadecuadamente las aguas negras de sus viviendas.
(…) III. Que en respuesta a los oficios MS-DRRSCS-CU-1313-2019 y MSDRRSCS-CU-1320-20219, se emiten los oficio SC-DSIT-SIG-0453-10-2019, MC-ALC-1448-10-2019MC-CIT-0022-2019, MC-ALC-1466-10-2019, MC-CIT-0021-2019, donde se brinda la información requerida por este Ministerio en cuanto a delimitación territorial de la comunidad de La Ponderosa y de los propietarios de los inmuebles de este mismo sector. (…) IV. Que desde el 24 de octubre del 2019 al 12 de febrero del 2020, se inspeccionaron 21 viviendas en el barrio La Ponderosa para la verificación de la disposición de aguas negras en las viviendas ubicadas en el sector de referencia de la denuncia, donde se practicaron pruebas de coloración con fluoresceína sódica en el servicio sanitario de las viviendas. V. Que desde enero del 2020, las autoridades de salud activaron los protocolos de emergencia epidemiológica sanitaria internacional por brote de nuevo coronavirus en China.
La alerta de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) del día 30 de enero de 2020 se generó después de que se detectara en la ciudad de Wuhan de la Provincia de Hubei, en China, un nuevo tipo de coronavirus que ha provocado fallecimientos en diferentes países del mundo. Los coronavirus (CoV) son una amplia familia de virus que pueden causar diversas afecciones, desde el resfriado común hasta enfermedades más graves, como ocurre con el coronavirus causante del síndrome respiratorio de Oriente Medio (MERS), el que ocasiona el síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS) y el que provoca el COVID-19. VI. Que el 16 de marzo del 2020, el presidente de la República de Costa Rica declara estado de emergencia nacional en todo el territorio de la República de Costa Rica, debido a la situación de emergencia sanitaria provocada por la enfermedad COVID-19, N° 42227 - MP – S. Por lo que a pesar de que hasta a mediados de marzo del 2020 se decretó estado de emergencia en el país por el Coronavirus, desde semanas atrás el Ministerio de Salud y sus áreas regionales y locales estaban enfocadas en la atención de la emergencia nacional por la citada pandemia, interfiriendo con el funcionamiento regular de atención de denuncias, entre ellas, el proceso de pruebas de coloración en el barrio La Ponderosa y la notificación de los actos administrativos respectivos.
VII. Que el 16 de julio del 2020, mediante notificación de la Sala Constitucional se recibe gestión de desobediencia de las nueve horas y veinticinco minutos del dieciséis de julio del dos mil veinte presentado por el recurrente David Alberto Zamora Aymerich, cédula 0109100965, el magistrado confiere audiencia al Director del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat para que comparezca respecto al tema de aguas negras en la Ponderosa. Expediente 8.4-9.03-007, folios 00102 00103) VIII. Que el 22 de julio del 2020, se procede a informar mediante oficio MS-DRRSCS-DARSCU- 1248-2021, a la Sala Constitucional las acciones generadas por este Ministerio específicamente en lo que respecta a la intervención de las aguas residuales del sector de la Ponderosa, y se comunica un avance de cumplimiento de aproximadamente el 32%, no obstante debido a la Declaratoria de Emergencia mediante Decreto Ejecutivo N°42227-MP-S, se debió priorizar y direccionar todos los esfuerzos de esta unidad organizativa en la atención de la emergencia sanitaria por COVID-19.
Expediente 8.4-9.03-007, folios 00094 al 00101) IX. Que según resolución Nº 2020020111 de la Sala Constitucional de la Corte Suprema de Justicia del 20 de octubre del 2020, se acoge la gestión de incumplimiento y se ordenó al Sr. Jimmy Cruz Jiménez como Alcalde de la Municipalidad de Curridabat y a la Sra. Melissa Arguedas Arce como Directora del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, a cumplir con lo dispuesto en la sentencia Nº 2019-012231 del 5 de julio del 2019, esto es, que en un plazo de 6 meses se coordine y resuelva lo relativo a la denuncia planteada por David Zamora Aymerich el 28 de mayo del 2019, en relación al problema de aguas negras en el barrio La Ponderosa y se le notifique lo resulto.(…) X. Con el fin de dar cumplimiento a lo dispuesto en Nº 2020020111 de la Sala Constitucional de la Corte Suprema de Justicia del 20 de octubre del 2020, se procede a la determinar el manejo y disposición de las aguas negras de las viviendas ubicadas en el sector de influencia del paso de aguas pluviales existente, de acuerdo con el mapa proporcionado por la Municipalidad de Curridabat, donde se ubican las propiedades a intervenir, se procedió con la logística a lo interno para determinar los recursos y materiales que se requerían para proceder con la intervención esto es realizar pruebas de coloración en los servicios sanitarios de las viviendas.
XI. Que en fecha 23 de octubre del 2020 ante solicitud de la Municipalidad de Curridabat, oficio MC-PMA-1254-10-2020 se solicita retomar acciones en relación a la resolución de la Sala Constitucional 2019012231, solicitando para tales efectos se les comparta cronograma de trabajo para la intervención de la problemática. Ante esta petitoria en fecha 09 de noviembre mediante oficio MS-DRRSCS-ARSCU-2275-2020, se le notifica a la Corporación Municipal la información solicitada a fin de contar con el apoyo de esta institución a través de los funcionarios de las cuadrilla (sic) de ríos para la verificación de las coloraciones a efectuar en el sitio. (…). XII. Que mediante oficio MS-DRRSCS-ARSCU-3072-2020 de fecha 20 de noviembre del 2020 se le comunica la Municipalidad de Curridabat, ajuste del cronograma de inspecciones en campo, ampliando las fechas para la intervenir el sector de la Ponderosa.
(…). XIII. Que con base en la programación establecida se procedió a intervenir el sector de la Ponderosa, efectuando para tales fines prueba de coloración, la cual consiste en teñir el agua con fluoresceína sódica que es un sólido de color anaranjado que al disolverse en agua toma una tonalidad verdosa. Este procedimiento constituye el único empleado por el Ministerio de Salud para determinar el manejo y disposición de las aguas negras generadas en las viviendas del sector objeto de intervención. XIV. En las fechas 02, 03, 06, 11, 16, 17, 25, 26 de noviembre de 2020, 14, 15, 16, 17 de diciembre 2020, y 19, 20, 22 de enero 2021, se procedió a realizar las inspecciones en el sitio señalado, donde se procedió a la aplicación de fluoresceína en los servicios sanitarios de cada vivienda, se otorgó un plazo prudencial al cabo del cual se procedió a realizar verificación del resultado de la prueba, la verificación se realizó en dos puntos, uno en canal expuesto costado oeste de la plaza de deportes y otro en alcantarilla ubicada en la propiedad de la señora Xinia Cordero Trejos.
Para la verificación se contó con el apoyo de los funcionarios de la Municipalidad de Curridabat (cuadrilla de ríos) designados para tal fin. XV. Al mes de febrero del 2021 se logró concretar un total de 106 inspecciones efectuadas tanto efectivas como no inefectivas. En ésta últimas se presentaron las siguientes situaciones: no se halló nadie, solo menores de edad se hallaban en la vivienda, no se permitió el ingreso o existían personas COVID positivo por lo que no se pudo ingresar, ésta inspecciones se reprogramaron hasta lograr su efectividad. Se logró concretar 73 pruebas de coloración efectivas de las cuales, 47 tuvieron un resultado positivo y 26 un resultado negativo, no se logró a pesar de múltiples inspecciones concretar 5 pruebas de coloración en viviendas. De acuerdo con los datos reportados se ha logrado prácticamente un cumplimiento del 95% de intervención de las viviendas reportadas en ese sector.
(…). XVI. Con el resultado obtenido en la prueba de coloración efectuada, se procedió a notificar in situ informe técnico del resultado, así como orden sanitaria a fin de que los propietarios procedieran con la corrección de la mala disposición de aguas residuales. La orden sanitaria estipulaba un plazo de 90 días hábiles cuyo vencimiento se encuentra según notificación emitida a cada propietario entre los meses de marzo y junio del presente año. XVII. Que durante la ejecución de una intervención institucional se determinaron como hallazgos relevantes: • Conexiones ilegales de aguas residuales hacia tubería pluvial • Existencia de tubería instalada dentro de las propiedades para la evacuación pluvial, misma que no se encuentra registrada en el mapa pluvial aportado por el ente municipal, situación que requirió repetir varias pruebas de coloración que originalmente resultaron negativas y que posteriormente dieron positivas en esta tubería no inventariada. • Espacio limitado en las propiedades para habilitar tanque séptico y drenajes • Propietarios de las viviendas manifestaron que la Municipalidad les indicó que se conectaran a la tubería pluvial al momento de la instalación de esta.
(…). XVIII. Que en fecha 02 de febrero del 2021 se lleva a cabo reunión virtual con la Municipalidad de Curridabat, donde se expone los avances efectuados por este Ministerio en el caso de Aguas Residuales en el Sector de la Ponderosa Voto de la Sala Constitucional 19-003040-0007-CO, así mismo se expone la necesidad de participación del ICAA en la intervención de este sector, y del aporte de información sobre el alcantarillado sanitario. (…). XIX. Que en fecha 12 de febrero del 2021 se lleva a cabo reunión virtual con la Municipalidad de Curridabat y el Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillado, donde se establece “…No existen a la fecha redes primarias ni secundarias en este sector ni colectores primarios ni secundarios que puedan ser usados por el ICAA para la atención de esta problemática…” “…El proyecto de Mejoramiento Ambiental del Área de Metropolitana pretendía comenzar en el año 2020-2021, sin embargo debido a falta de financiamiento el proyecto no se ha podido iniciar, se replanteó podría estar concluido en el año 2026 al 2027…” (…).
XX. Que en fecha 12 de febrero del 2021 mediante correo electrónico se solicita al Sr. Ing. Marco Fidel Vargas Quiroga, gerente de la Unidad Ejecutora del Proyecto de Mejoramiento Ambiental, (ICAA) informe de actualización respecto al avance de Proyecto de Mejoramiento Ambiental para la recolección y tratamiento de las aguas residuales, correspondiente al distrito de Tirrases de Curridabat, específicamente en la localidad de la Ponderosa. Al cierre de este informe la información solicitada al ICAA no ha sido remitida. (…). XXI. Que en fecha 10 de marzo del 2021, mediante oficio MS-DRRSCS-DARSCU-634-2021, se le brinda respuesta al oficio MC-PMA-003-01-2021, en cual la Municipalidad de Curridabat solicita se le comunique el avance de la intervención llevada a cabo por este Ministerio en el sector citado. (…). XXII. Que en fecha 13 de abril se recibe oficio MC-DGV-0624-04-2021, suscrito por el Ing. Randall Rodríguez Araya, Director de Gestión Vial de la Municipalidad de Curridabat, en donde comunica entre otras cosas “…las tuberías que se indicaron al principio fueron colocadas por los vecinos, realizan descarga directa a la acequia de la Ponderosa (canal abierto) y según el informe MS-DRRSCS-DARSCU-IT-0063-2021, del M. de Salud es la tubería en la cual realizaron las pruebas de fluoresceína, pero se aclara que dichas tuberías al pasar por debajo de las casas en propiedad privada no pertenecen al sistema pluvial municipal…”.
(…). XXIII. Que ante el vencimiento del plazo de vigencia de las ordenes (sic) sanitarias emitida a los diversos propietarios de las viviendas inspeccionadas y según la capacidad instalada de este Ministerio, se procederá durante las siguientes fechas: 28 de junio al 09 de julio del 2021 a la verificación del cumplimiento de las ordenes (sic) sanitarias de aquellas viviendas donde se constató una inadecuada disposición de aguas residuales y en caso de incumplimiento se procederá conforme a la ley”.
Por su parte, el alcalde de Curridabat indicó que una empresa realizó un estudio de factibilidad, el cual culminó en el informe F-130-IEF-03, en el cual se concluyó que una posible alternativa es impulsar la construcción de una planta de tratamiento para descontaminar un tramo de la quebrada o acequia que posee las mejores condiciones técnicas para operar. Además, señaló que en la zona de Curridabat ya existe un proyecto de saneamiento o captación de aguas residuales ordinales por parte del ICAA y que, aunque ambos proyectos eran redundantes, se procedió a analizar la alternativa de solución correspondiente a la construcción de la planta de tratamiento y para ello se requiere la siguiente inversión: “1) Adquisición de terreno de 2200 m2 a un costo de $210/m2 donde se ubicará el Sistema de Tratamiento: $ 462 000. 2) Diseño de detalle para construcción del sistema de tratamiento (5.5% del valor de la obra): $21 700. 3) Equipos requeridos: (…) $ 219 500. 4) Obras civiles y electromecánicas: $ 175 000. 5) Inversión total: $ 878 200. Más costos operativos anuales: (…) $ 40,657”.
Por su parte, se observa que, mediante oficio MC-DSIT-081-05-2021 del 7 de mayo de 2021, suscrito por el director de Sistemas de Información Territorial, se indicó: “disponemos de terrenos municipales, con o sin los requisitos solicitados, y que una eventual adquisición de terrenos privados, es una ruta muy complicada, por aspectos técnicos como las pendientes, cercanía al rio, área y costos (…) revisando los inventarios municipales y las situaciones de pendientes negativas hacia el Rio Tiribi, tenemos las siguientes consideraciones:
El presidente del ICAA indicó: “si bien es cierto que es ajeno a las competencias de AyA dar cumplimiento a la parte dispositiva de la Resolución N°2019012231, que refiere a “(…) la ejecución de los desalojos ordenamos y resolver lo relativo a la denuncia planteada por el recurrente el 28 de mayo de 2018, en relación con el problema de aguas negras (…)”, es pertinente comunicar a su autoridad, sobre la puesta en marcha por parte de AyA, del Proyecto “Proyecto de Mejoramiento Ambiental del Área Metropolitana de San José (PMAAMSJ)”, a cargo de la Unidad Ejecutora de AyA PAPS, y que contempla extender el Sistema de Alcantarillado Sanitario y Saneamiento hasta el sector de Tirrases de Curridabat, lo anterior, de acuerdo a los procesos de Planificación estrategia previamente aprobados por AyA, por lo que una vez que se finalice en su totalidad la implementación material del Proyecto, se habilitará la disponibilidad del servicios de alcantarillado sanitario y saneamiento en sector de Miravalles I y La Ponderosa de Tirrases, Curridabat.
Sin embargo, tal y como ha sido informado por AyA en reiteradas ocasiones, y ha sido avalado y ratificado por la propia Sala Constitucional, la eventual habilitación de Disponibilidad de servicios en la zona que nos ocupa, no significa que AyA vaya a interconectar de forma oficiosa e inmediata a cada una de Fincas que ya cuentan con edificaciones construidas a lo interno de todo el sector de Tirrases de Curridabat como tal, pues para ello, deberá cada uno de los propietarios registrales interesados en la prestación del servicio, solicitar y cumplir ante AyA, cada uno de los requisitos técnicos, legales y comerciales impuestos en el Reglamento para la prestación de los servicios de AyA que esté vigente al momento de concretarse el proyecto, y que a la fecha de este Informe, se imponen en los artículos 8,14 y 79 de la referida Modificación Integral al Reglamento para la prestación de los servicios de AyA, publicado en el Diario Oficial La Gaceta Digital N°27, Alcance N°29, martes 09 de febrero, 2021.
Ahora bien, los alcances y estado de la implementación material del “Proyecto de Mejoramiento Ambiental del Área Metropolitana de San José (PMAAMSJ)”, ya han sido debidamente comunicados por parte de AyA a la Municipalidad de Curridabat por medio de Memorando No. PRE-PAPS-2021-00237 y Memorando No PRE-PAPS-2021-00238, ambos emitidos en fecha 25 de enero del 2021, por la Licda. Johanna Diaz Umaña, servidora de la UE Programa de Agua Potable y Saneamiento (Unidad Ejecutora PAPS), así como Memorando No. PRE-PAPS-2021-01061, emitido en fecha 8 de abril del 2021 por el Ing. Marco Fidel Vargas Quiroga, encargado de la Unidad Ejecutora Programa de Agua Potable y Saneamiento (PAPS), el cual a su vez adjunta el Informe “Proyecto de Mejoramiento Ambiental del Área Metropolitana de San José (PMAAMSJ)”, emitido en el mes de abril de 2021 por el Ing. Dagoberto Araya Villalobos, encargado de la Dirección de Ingeniería de la misma Unidad Ejecutora Programa de Agua Potable y Saneamiento, todos los cuales se adjunta para su debido conocimiento y comprobación.
Como corolario de lo expuesto, es necesario verificar por medio de la coordinación interinstitucional que ya se ha establecido entre AyA, Municipalidad de Curridabat, y Ministerio de Salud, las acciones que permitan a AyA en el marco de las competencias establecidas por Ley N°2726; brindar la asesoría y las aprobaciones técnicas, legales y administrativas que se lleguen a requerir por parte de la Municipalidad local y Ministerio de Salud, para solventar en definitiva la denuncia planteada por el recurrente el 28 de mayo de 2018, con relación con el problema de aguas negras que existe en el sector de La Ponderosa, de Tirrases de Curridabat, pues tal y como se detalló anteriormente, aún y finalizado el proyecto de habilite la Disponibilidad de alcantarillado en la zona, es necesario verificar la posibilidad técnica, legal y comercial para aprobar cada una de las posibles solicitudes de nuevo servicio de alcantarillado sanitario que se lleguen a generar por parte de cada uno de los propietarios registrales de las Fincas ya edificadas en la zona y que cuenta con servicio de agua potable aprobado y registrado por AyA ”.
Desde este panorama, aun cuando la Sala acredita que las autoridades accionadas han realizado acciones tendientes a solucionar el problema de aguas negras denunciado desde el 28 de mayo de 2018, no menos cierto es que tales acciones han sido insuficientes. En ese sentido, adviértase que no fue sino con ocasión de la resolución interlocutoria n.° 2020-020111 de las 9:40 horas del 20 de octubre de 2020 y tras más de nueve meses desde que feneció el plazo otorgado por el Tribunal en la sentencia n.° 2019-012231 de las 9:30 horas del 5 de julio de 2019, cuando se procedió a determinar el manejo y disposición de las aguas negras de las viviendas ubicadas en el sector de influencia del paso de aguas pluviales existente, de acuerdo con el mapa proporcionado por la Municipalidad de Curridabat. Además, a partir de ese momento se ubicaron las propiedades a intervenir, se procedió con la logística a lo interno del Ministerio de Salud para determinar los recursos y materiales que se requerían para proceder con la intervención, esto es, realizar pruebas de coloración en los servicios sanitarios de las viviendas.
Asimismo, no fue sino hasta el periodo de noviembre de 2020 y enero de 2021 que se efectuaron las inspecciones y las pruebas de fluoresceína en los servicios sanitarios de cada vivienda, de las cuales 47 tuvieron un resultado positivo y con ello se notificaron las órdenes sanitarias correspondientes, a fin de que los propietarios procedieran con la corrección de la mala disposición de aguas residuales, órdenes sanitarias cuyos vencimientos se encontraban programados entre marzo y junio de 2021.
En otras palabras, si bien en el sub lite se han ejecutado acciones tendientes a cumplir lo ordenado, no menos cierto es que de los autos no se colige que la denuncia planteada el 28 de marzo de 2018 haya sido resuelta en forma definitiva, ni tampoco que tales circunstancias hayan sido notificadas a la parte recurrente. En consecuencia, lo procedente es acoger la gestión de desobediencia en lo que a este extremo atañe.
Ahora bien, el Tribunal observa que el alcalde de Curridabat solicita que se amplíe el plazo otorgado para cumplir este extremo de la sentencia, a los efectos de determinar el proyecto más viable para solucionar la problemática de aguas negras, sea, el proyecto que el ICAA se encuentra desarrollando o la planta de tratamiento indicada en el informe F-130-IEF-03.
Al respecto, la Sala rechaza la solicitud de ampliación de plazo planteada por el alcalde municipal para solucionar el problema de aguas negras denunciado desde el 28 de marzo de 2018. Lo anterior obedece a que en la especie ha transcurrido un plazo más que prudencial sin que el recurrido haya informado acción concreta alguna para resolver la problemática acusada. Además, nótese que el plazo inicial otorgado por la Sala fue de seis meses, el cual venció desde enero de 2020, y es hasta ahora, sea, más de 16 meses después de vencido el plazo concedido, cuando el alcalde aludido pretende una ampliación del plazo otorgado. Es decir, la solicitud de prórroga de marras es a todas luces extemporánea, pues el plazo dispuesto por esta Sala se encontraba sobradamente vencido al momento en que se planteó tal solicitud.
VI.Documentación aportada al expediente. Se previene a las partes que de haber aportado algún documento en papel, así como objetos o pruebas contenidas en algún dispositivo adicional de carácter electrónico, informático, magnético, óptico, telemático o producido por nuevas tecnologías, éstos deberán ser retirados del despacho en un plazo máximo de 30 días hábiles contados a partir de la notificación de esta sentencia. De lo contrario, será destruido todo aquel material que no sea retirado dentro de este plazo, según lo dispuesto en el "Reglamento sobre Expediente Electrónico ante el Poder Judicial", aprobado por la Corte Plena en sesión N° 27-11 del 22 de agosto del 2011, artículo XXVI y publicado en el Boletín Judicial número 19 del 26 de enero del 2012, así como en el acuerdo aprobado por el Consejo Superior del Poder Judicial, en la sesión N° 43-12 celebrada el 3 de mayo del 2012, artículo LXXXI.
Por tanto:
Se acoge parcialmente la gestión de incumplimiento, solo en relación con lo ordenado en la sentencia n.° 2019-012231 de las 9:30 horas del 5 de julio de 2019, correspondiente a que “en el plazo de 6 meses coordinen y resuelvan lo relativo a la denuncia planteada por el recurrente el 28 de mayo de 2018, en relación con el problema de aguas negras, y le notifiquen lo resuelto”. Se ordena a Jimmy Cruz Jiménez y Melissa Arguedas Arce por su orden alcalde de Curridabat y directora a.i del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, o a quienes ejerzan tales cargos, cumplir lo dispuesto en la sentencia n.° 2019-012231 de las 9:30 horas del 5 de julio de 2019, en relación con que “en el plazo de 6 meses coordinen y resuelvan lo relativo a la denuncia planteada por el recurrente el 28 de mayo de 2018, en relación con el problema de aguas negras, y le notifiquen lo resuelto”. Lo anterior bajo el apercibimiento de ordenar el testimonio de piezas ante el Ministerio Público contra el alcalde de Curridabat y la apertura de un procedimiento administrativo contra la directora a.i. del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat si no lo hicieren.
Por otra parte, se amplía el plazo otorgado en la sentencia n.° 2019-012231 de las 9:30 horas del 5 de julio de 2019, solo en lo relativo a “la atención del problema de desabastecimiento de agua en el proyecto urbanístico Miravalles I, para que en forma coordinada se ejecuten las acciones necesarias que resuelvan de forma definitiva dicha problemática, en el plazo máximo de 24 meses” y en consecuencia se confiere a Tomás Martínez Baldares, Jimmy Cruz Jiménez, Óscar Mora Altamirano y Johanna Chavarría Víquez, por su orden, presidente ejecutivo del Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados, alcalde de Curridabat, presidente del Concejo Municipal de Curridabat y directora a.i. del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, o a quienes ejerzan esos cargos, plazo hasta el 8 de mayo de 2024, únicamente para solucionar el problema de desabastecimiento de agua en el proyecto urbanístico Miravalles I, de acuerdo con los términos ordenados en la sentencia n.° 2019-012231 de las 9:30 horas del 5 de julio de 2019.
En todo lo demás, no ha lugar a las gestiones formuladas. Notifíquese esta resolución a Jimmy Cruz Jiménez y Melissa Arguedas Arce por su orden alcalde de Curridabat y directora a.i del Área Rectora de Salud de Curridabat, o a quienes ejerzan tales cargos, en forma personal.
Fernando Castillo V.
Nancy Hernández L.
Luis Fdo. Salazar A.
Jorge Araya G.
Anamari Garro V.
Marta Eugenia Esquivel R.
Mauricio Chacón J.
Clasificación elaborada por SALA CONSTITUCIONALdel Poder Judicial. Prohibida su reproducción y/o distribución en forma onerosa.
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