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Res. 08599-2021 Sala Constitucional · Sala Constitucional · 30/04/2021
OutcomeResultado
The amparo appeal is granted due to violation of the right of access to information, without award of costs, damages, or losses per the majority vote.Se declara con lugar el recurso de amparo por violación del derecho de acceso a la información, sin condenatoria en costas, daños y perjuicios según el voto de mayoría.
SummaryResumen
The Constitutional Chamber reviewed an amparo appeal against the National Environmental Technical Secretariat (SETENA) for failing to respond to a request filed on January 26, 2021. The petitioner had sought a complete copy of file EAE-01-2019-SETENA, concerning the environmental assessment of the Regulatory Plan for the Canton of Barva. The Chamber found that the request was not answered until April 13, 2021—over two months later and only after the amparo had been notified. It held that this violated the right of access to administrative information protected by Article 30 of the Political Constitution. The appeal was granted, but the majority did not award costs, damages, or losses, as the underlying claim had been satisfied during proceedings. Several justices issued separate opinions arguing that such awards were mandatory under Articles 50 and 51 of the Constitutional Jurisdiction Law.La Sala Constitucional conoció un recurso de amparo contra la Secretaría Técnica Nacional Ambiental (SETENA) por la falta de respuesta a una solicitud presentada el 26 de enero de 2021. El recurrente había pedido copia completa del expediente EAE-01-2019-SETENA, relacionado con la evaluación de la variable ambiental del Plan Regulador del Cantón de Barva. La Sala verificó que la gestión no fue atendida sino hasta el 13 de abril de 2021, es decir, más de dos meses después y con ocasión de la notificación del amparo. Consideró que ello vulneró el derecho de acceso a la información administrativa tutelado en el artículo 30 de la Constitución Política. Declaró con lugar el recurso, sin condenatoria en costas, daños y perjuicios, por mayoría, ya que la pretensión de fondo fue satisfecha durante la tramitación. Varios magistrados salvaron su voto en relación con la condenatoria económica, defendiendo su procedencia con base en los artículos 50 y 51 de la Ley de la Jurisdicción Constitucional.
Key excerptExtracto clave
After analyzing the report and the evidence provided by the parties, this Chamber finds a violation of the petitioner's fundamental rights for the following reasons. The petition shows that the petitioner came before this Chamber for infringement of the right to access to information, as guaranteed by Article 30 of the Political Constitution, alleging that on January 26, 2021, he requested from SETENA a complete and updated copy of file EAE-01-2019-SETENA, relating to the regulatory plan submitted by the Municipality of Barva, yet by the date of filing this appeal he had not received any response to his request. This Chamber has duly proven that the request was filed on the stated date. It is also proven that, through official letter No. SETENA-DTEAE-0054-2021 dated April 13, 2021, the Acting Head of SETENA's Strategic Environmental Assessment Department informed the petitioner that he must appear at the Archive Department to obtain copies of the referenced file. Moreover, that response was notified to the petitioner on the following day, April 14, 2021. That is, a decision was made on the petitioner's request and he was notified of that decision only upon notification of the amparo appeal—which occurred on April 13, 2021—and more than two months after it was filed. Therefore, the amparo must be granted.Después de haber analizado el informe y las pruebas aportadas por las partes, esta Sala verifica la vulneración a los derechos fundamentales del recurrente por las razones que a continuación se expondrán. Del escrito de interposición, se desprende que el recurrente acude ante esta Sala por la infracción al derecho de acceso a la información, así garantizado por el artículo 30 de la Constitución Política, pues acusó que el 26 de enero de 2021 solicitó a la SETENA copia completa y actualizada del expediente EAE-01-2019-SETENA, en relación al plan regulador presentado por la Municipalidad de Barva, sin embargo, a la fecha de interposición de este recurso, no había recibido respuesta alguna a esa pretensión. Ahora bien, esta Sala tuvo como debidamente demostrado la presentación de esa gestión en la fecha indicada. También se acreditó que mediante oficio No. SETENA-DTEAE-0054-2021, del 13 de abril de 2021, el Jefe en ejercicio del Departamento de Evaluación Ambiental Estratégica de la SETENA, le comunicó al recurrente que se debe apersonar al Departamento de Archivo para que proceda a sacar las copias del expediente en referencia. Además, se tiene que esa respuesta se le notificó al día siguiente: 14 de abril de 2021. Es decir, se resolvió sobre lo pretendido por el administrado y se le comunicó sobre lo dispuesto respecto a tal gestión, con ocasión de la notificación del recurso de amparo, -diligencia que se realizó el 13 de abril de 2021- y más de dos meses después de presentada. Por ende, procede la estimatoria del amparo.
Pull quotesCitas destacadas
"El derecho de acceso a la información administrativa es un mecanismo de control en manos de los administrados, puesto que, le permite a éstos, ejercer un control óptimo de la legalidad y de la oportunidad, conveniencia o mérito y, en general, de la eficacia y eficiencia de la función administrativa desplegada por los diversos entes públicos."
"The right of access to administrative information is a control mechanism in the hands of the governed, since it allows them to exercise optimal control over the legality, timeliness, convenience, or merit and, generally, over the effectiveness and efficiency of the administrative function carried out by the various public entities."
Considerando III
"El derecho de acceso a la información administrativa es un mecanismo de control en manos de los administrados, puesto que, le permite a éstos, ejercer un control óptimo de la legalidad y de la oportunidad, conveniencia o mérito y, en general, de la eficacia y eficiencia de la función administrativa desplegada por los diversos entes públicos."
Considerando III
"[...] el contenido esencial del derecho al recurso de amparo no es indemnizatorio sino restitutorio; sin embargo, el artículo 51 de la LJC señala: “Toda resolución que acoja el recurso condenará en abstracto a la indemnización de los daños y perjuicios causados y al pago de las costas del recurso, y se reservará su liquidación para la ejecución de sentencia”."
"[...] the essential content of the right to amparo is not compensatory but restitutive; however, Article 51 of the LJC states: “Every decision granting the appeal shall order, in the abstract, compensation for the damages and losses caused and the payment of the costs of the appeal, reserving their liquidation for the enforcement of the judgment.”"
Voto salvado de la Magistrada Garro Vargas
"[...] el contenido esencial del derecho al recurso de amparo no es indemnizatorio sino restitutorio; sin embargo, el artículo 51 de la LJC señala: “Toda resolución que acoja el recurso condenará en abstracto a la indemnización de los daños y perjuicios causados y al pago de las costas del recurso, y se reservará su liquidación para la ejecución de sentencia”."
Voto salvado de la Magistrada Garro Vargas
"En mi criterio, tal excepción se debe interpretar en el sentido de que, de conformidad con el sistema general de condenatoria automática en costas, daños y perjuicios ante una violación a derechos fundamentales, esa condenatoria es siempre procedente, aún en el caso de que la parte recurrida dicte una resolución, administrativa o judicial, que revoque, detenga o suspenda la actuación impugnada, a menos que conste de manera indubitable y clara que en el caso concreto no se causó perjuicio alguno capaz de ser indemnizado."
"In my opinion, such exception must be interpreted to mean that, in accordance with the general system of automatic award of costs, damages, and losses in the event of a violation of fundamental rights, such award is always appropriate, even when the respondent issues an administrative or judicial decision that revokes, stops, or suspends the challenged act, unless it is shown unequivocally and clearly that no compensable injury was caused in the specific case."
Voto salvado del Magistrado Salazar Alvarado
"En mi criterio, tal excepción se debe interpretar en el sentido de que, de conformidad con el sistema general de condenatoria automática en costas, daños y perjuicios ante una violación a derechos fundamentales, esa condenatoria es siempre procedente, aún en el caso de que la parte recurrida dicte una resolución, administrativa o judicial, que revoque, detenga o suspenda la actuación impugnada, a menos que conste de manera indubitable y clara que en el caso concreto no se causó perjuicio alguno capaz de ser indemnizado."
Voto salvado del Magistrado Salazar Alvarado
Full documentDocumento completo
Constitutional Chamber Date of Resolution: 08:15, April 30, 2021 Type of matter: Amparo appeal Judgment with protected data, in accordance with current regulations *210053900007CO* CONSTITUTIONAL CHAMBER OF THE SUPREME COURT OF JUSTICE. San José, at nine hours fifteen minutes on the thirtieth of April, two thousand twenty-one.
Amparo appeal filed by [Name 001], of legal age, married, identity card No. [Value 001], against the General Secretary of the National Environmental Technical Secretariat.
Whereas:
Drafted by Magistrate Castillo Víquez; and,
Considering:
I.Purpose of the appeal. The appellant alleges a lack of response to the petition received on January 26, 2021, through which he requested from SETENA a complete and updated copy of expediente EAE-01-2019-SETENA, in relation to the regulatory plan submitted by the Municipality of Barva.
II.Proven facts. Of importance for the decision on this matter, the following facts are considered duly proven, either because they have been accredited or because the respondent omitted to refer to them as provided in the initial order:
III.On the right of access to public information. Regarding the right protected by Article 30 of the Constitution, this Chamber, in judgment No. 2009-001298, at 12:20 hours on January 30, 2009, stated that "The right of access to administrative information is a control mechanism in the hands of the administered, since it allows them to exercise optimal control over legality and opportunity, convenience or merit, and, in general, over the efficacy and efficiency of the administrative function carried out by the various public entities. Efficient and effective public administrations are those that submit to public control and scrutiny, but citizen control cannot exist without adequate information. In this way, a logical link can be established between access to administrative information, knowledge and handling thereof, effective or timely citizen control, and efficient public administrations.
The right of access to administrative information has a deep foundation in a series of principles and values inherent to the Social and Democratic Rule of Law (Estado Social y Democrático de Derecho), on which, at the same time, it acts. Thus, effective and direct citizen participation in the management and handling of public affairs is inconceivable without a significant body of information about administrative competencies and services; likewise, the democratic principle is strengthened when the various social, economic, and political forces and groups participate actively and informatively in the formation and execution of public will. Finally, the right of access to administrative information is an indispensable tool, like many others, for the full force of the principles of administrative transparency and publicity."
IV.On the specific case. After having analyzed the report and the evidence provided by the parties, this Chamber verifies the violation of the appellant's fundamental rights for the reasons that will be set forth below. From the filing document, it is clear that the appellant comes before this Chamber for the infringement of the right of access to information, as guaranteed by Article 30 of the Political Constitution, since he claimed that on January 26, 2021, he requested from SETENA a complete and updated copy of expediente EAE-01-2019-SETENA, in relation to the regulatory plan submitted by the Municipality of Barva; however, as of the date of filing this appeal, he had not received any response to that request. Now, this Chamber considered the presentation of that petition on the indicated date to be duly proven. It was also accredited that by means of official letter No. SETENA-DTEAE-0054-2021, dated April 13, 2021, the Acting Head of the Department of Strategic Environmental Assessment of SETENA informed the appellant that he must appear at the Archive Department to proceed to make copies of the expediente in reference.
Furthermore, it is held that this response was notified to him the following day: April 14, 2021. That is, it was resolved what was sought by the administered party, and he was informed of what was ordered regarding that petition, on the occasion of the notification of the amparo appeal—a proceeding carried out on April 13, 2021—and more than two months after it was filed. Therefore, the granting of the amparo is appropriate.
VI.Conclusion. By virtue of the foregoing, the amparo against the respondent is considered appropriate for non-observance of the principle protected in Article 30 of the Constitution, without issuing any specific order, since the substantive claim has already been satisfied, in the terms deemed appropriate, in accordance with the provisions of Article 52 of the Law of Constitutional Jurisdiction (Ley de la Jurisdicción Constitucional).
VII.On the award of costs, damages, and losses (costas, daños y perjuicios) in accordance with Article 52 of the Law of Constitutional Jurisdiction. Under a better weighing, the majority of the Chamber considers that, in the sub examine, in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 1 of Article 52 of the Law of Constitutional Jurisdiction ("If, while the amparo is in progress, an administrative or judicial resolution is issued that revokes, stops, or suspends the challenged action, the appeal shall be granted solely for purposes of indemnification and costs, if applicable"), the granting must be without a special award of costs (costas), damages and losses (daños y perjuicios), based on the following considerations. While there is an express text in the law that requires the operative part of the judgment to indicate that the appeal is granted, when the grievance is resolved while the amparo is in progress, it is no less true that the same paragraph in fine states that the granting is ordered "solely for purposes of indemnification and costs, if applicable." It is underlined that the Law indicates "if applicable," which means that the applicability or non-applicability of indemnification and costs depends on an assessment, appreciation, or weighing by the Court.
In cases such as this, the content of the claim of the protected person and the conduct of the respondent authority in acknowledging it suggest that the alleged detriments, injuries, or alterations are not directly referred to an impact on a constitutional right of an evident patrimonial nature (as would occur, for example, with an impact on the right to salary). To dispel any doubts in this regard, it is important to highlight the provisions of Article 51 of the same Law of Constitutional Jurisdiction, when it provides that: "every resolution that upholds the appeal shall condemn in the abstract to the indemnification of the damages and losses caused and to the payment of the costs of the appeal, and its liquidation shall be reserved for the execution of the judgment," where the possibility of assessing whether indemnification and costs apply or not is not foreseen. The principles of Constitutional Law, Public and General Procedural Law, or, where appropriate, International or Community Law, and, additionally, in their order, the General Law of Public Administration (Ley General de la Administración Pública) and the Contentious-Administrative Procedural Code (Código Procesal Contencioso Administrativo) and the other procedural codes, are supplementary sources for the application and interpretation of the norms of the Law of Constitutional Jurisdiction—cf.
Article 14. For the contentious-administrative jurisdiction, the legislator established a precept fully applicable to the case by analogy, in Article 197 of the Contentious-Administrative Procedural Code, which responds to procedural logic in any matter. In any case, the affected party in the sub lite preserves the possibility of resorting, if deemed appropriate, to a plenary proceeding in order to demonstrate that they have suffered some type of detriment. Based on the foregoing, it is the majority's criterion to resolve this appeal without an award of costs, damages, and losses.
I concur with the majority of the Chamber in the decision taken regarding the existence of an injury to fundamental rights in this case, which has been corrected on the occasion of the Chamber's intervention; however, I dissent from its decision regarding the matter of the economic consequences of said declaration.
The constitutional jurisdiction under the charge of this Court in matters of amparo and habeas corpus—the jurisdiction of liberty as it is called—is special because its purpose is not that of the traditional judge who resolves a conflict between two parties, confronted by a legal dispute. Its subject matter is of public order, and its objective is to provide judicial protection to persons in the exercise of their fundamental rights in such a way that their enjoyment is not disturbed by acts of those who, de facto or de jure, carry out concrete exercises of authority capable of violating them.
That protective vocation of constitutional jurisdiction is realized in a procedural design that is also peculiar, swift, and free, where the respondent public authority is imposed the simple rendering of "a report" on what was done in the reported case (Articles 43, 44, 45, and 46 of the LJC). Thus, it is not technically a litigation, and in accordance with this, broad powers are given to the Constitutional Chamber to guide the course of the amparo or habeas corpus process, both regarding the possibility of requesting information from other authorities about what happened, and regarding the broad handling of evidence that may serve to clarify what occurred. Such procedural framework of the jurisdiction of liberty, where there are no two antagonistic parties confronting each other such that what one gains the other loses, requires us to distance ourselves from the solutions that have been foreseen for these latter issues in procedural systems such as the civil, contentious, or labor systems.
In what is now of interest, the Law of Constitutional Jurisdiction regulates, in its Articles 46 and following, three specific aspects of the exercise of the jurisdictional function of protecting fundamental rights, under the charge of the Chamber: a) the first aspect relates to the declaration that must be made of the existence or non-existence of the violation (Articles 46 and 47 LJC); b) the second carefully regulates the powers enjoyed by the Court to reverse the legal effects of the infringement of fundamental rights and restore, in the most effective manner, their exercise (Articles 49 and 50 LJC); c) the third aspect (Article 51 LJC) establishes rules on the economic consequences of such amparo and habeas corpus processes, in such a way that—upon the finding of an injury by the Chamber—there exists a restoration of the enjoyment of such rights and, additionally, an effective indemnification for the damages and expenses caused, as part of the right to effective justice regarding the reparation of the harmful consequences generated by the authorities found to be violators, which are not only for the purposes of effective judicial protection for the petitioner but also have a deterrent purpose so that the State does not incur in the future in the actions that gave basis for the granting of the appeal, a matter regulated in Article 50 of the Law of Constitutional Jurisdiction.
On this last aspect, the Law, in its Article 51, orders the Chamber that "every resolution that upholds the appeal shall condemn in the abstract to the indemnification of the damages and losses caused and to the payment of the costs of the appeal...". This is the general system that regulates the matters of the indemnity scope, for the cases that the majority identifies as "the natural or normal form of termination of the process, where there is a pronouncement on the merits of the matter and acknowledgment of the facts that have violated fundamental rights..."; in such cases, among which the one now being decided is included, the Chamber has found the grievance proven, and hence the need for an award of costs, damages, and losses, which is based on the aforementioned concept of effective protection of persons' rights and on the notion that the Administration must take responsibility for the damages and expenses it causes with its unconstitutional actions. This conclusion is not changed by the fact that, upon hearing and resolving the amparo, "the effects of the challenged act may have ceased" (Article 50), as such a case forms an integral part of the general system of automatic award of costs, damages, and losses, it being understood that the process has ended normally and the violation has been verified.
Within this simple and clear general framework—and lacking deficiencies or gaps—the provision of Article 52 of the Law fits perfectly as a case of exception, applicable only in cases where the Chamber has not heard of, nor pronounced on, the merits of the claim, that is—as the majority says—in those situations of "abnormal termination of the process." But the conditions and scope for decreeing this form of conclusion are precisely delimited by the legislator; firstly, the factual prerequisites for the application of this norm are clearly described, so that the Chamber must verify:
In this case, the foregoing exercise obliges us to conclude the inapplicability of Article 52 of the LJC, since, on the one hand, the Court has pronounced on the merits of the matter, has acknowledged with its declaration an injury to fundamental rights, and has determined who its author was; the foregoing in no way resembles an "abnormal termination of the process." On the other hand, neither are the requirements of the recently cited Article 52 verified, since there is no "administrative or judicial resolution" formally issued and in which, expressly, the act originating the violation of constitutional rights is revoked, stopped, or suspended; For all of the foregoing, it is appropriate to apply the provisions of Articles 50 and 51 of the LJC and order—as a consequence of having proven the violation—the award of damages, losses, and costs caused, as the economic consequences of the process.
But even if we were to set aside the automatic award of damages, losses, and costs, disregarding the foregoing reasoning, the truth is that the proven facts of this case have led the Chamber to declare the existence of an impact on the exercise of the fundamental rights of the protected person, which, as a harmful action, carries with it a presumption of the arising of economic damages and losses—whose concrete determination is not for the Chamber—and no relevant merit is appreciated in the expediente that persuades for exempting the respondent authority from covering the effective reparation of the harmful consequences of its acts, according to the general principle expressly provided for in the law.
IX.PARTIAL DISSENTING VOTE OF MAGISTRATE SALAZAR ALVARADO, SOLELY IN RELATION TO THE NON-AWARD OF COSTS, DAMAGES, AND LOSSES AGAINST THE RESPONDENT PARTY. While I concur with the rest of the Chamber in granting the appeal, I dissent from the majority's criterion insofar as it exempts the respondent party from being ordered to pay the costs, damages, and losses derived from the injury caused to the fundamental rights of the protected party.
The Law of Constitutional Jurisdiction, in Article 52, provides that:
"If, while the amparo is in progress, an administrative or judicial resolution is issued that revokes, stops, or suspends the challenged action, the appeal shall be granted solely for purposes of indemnification and costs, if applicable." Moreover, in Article 51 ibidem, it is established that:
"...every resolution that upholds the appeal shall condemn in the abstract to the indemnification of the damages and losses caused and to the payment of the costs of the appeal, and its liquidation shall be reserved for the execution of the judgment." This last norm establishes the general system that regulates matters related to indemnification and the payment of costs, and which the majority calls "the natural or normal form of termination of the process, where there is a pronouncement on the merits of the matter and acknowledgment of the facts that have violated fundamental rights…".
In the majority's criterion, the cited Article 51 regulates the scenarios in which the Chamber has found the grievance proven; and, as a consequence, the need arises for an award of costs, damages, and losses. However, in the opinion of the undersigned, from a systematic interpretation of both norms, it is concluded that, both in cases where this Constitutional Court verifies an injury to some fundamental right and, therefore, grants the appeal, and in those where the Administration, by its own decision, restores the aggrieved person to the enjoyment of their fundamental rights, once it becomes aware of the amparo—a scenario contemplated in the referenced Article 52—by mandate of Articles 50 and 51 of the cited law, the necessary and inescapable consequence is the award against the violator for the indemnification of the damages and losses caused and for the payment of the costs of the appeal.
This rule is no more than the recognition, to the party that has suffered a violation of their fundamental rights, of the right to effective judicial protection regarding the reparation of the harmful consequences derived from the actions or omissions of the violating authorities; and, as a deterrent means, so that the State does not incur again in the actions that gave basis for the granting of the appeal, a matter regulated in Article 50 of the law governing this jurisdiction. Thus, whether the Chamber has found the grievance proven and has proceeded to hear the merits of the matter, or whether the violation has ceased by decision of the respondent authority itself, once it became aware of the processing of the amparo, with restoration of the enjoyment of fundamental rights in favor of the aggrieved person (Article 52), always, in any of those scenarios, the imperative need arises for an award of costs, damages, and losses against the violator, whose foundation lies in the principles of protection of persons' rights and in that the Administration must take responsibility for the damages and losses it causes with its unconstitutional actions.
Thus, the fact that at the time of hearing and granting the amparo, the effects of the challenged act have already ceased, under the terms of Articles 50 and 52 of the cited law, does not negate the appropriateness of the award of costs, damages, and losses, since such a case forms an integral part of the general system of necessary award on these points contained in the Law of Constitutional Jurisdiction.
On the other hand, it is clear that the mentioned Article 52 applies only in cases where the Chamber, even when it has not heard of, nor pronounced on, the merits of the claim, has verified the violation of fundamental rights suffered by the protected party, by virtue of the restoration agreed in their favor by the Administration regarding the enjoyment of those rights; a situation which, as affirmed by the majority of the Chamber, implies an "abnormal termination of the process." The legislator established and precisely delimited the conditions under which this Chamber may decree this form of abnormal conclusion of the amparo process, as well as its scope, namely: 1) that the amparo is in progress, meaning that the Administration has been duly notified of the resolution admitting the amparo; and, 2) that there exists an administrative or judicial resolution that unquestionably orders the revocation, stopping, or suspension of the challenged action violating fundamental rights.
Certainly, the norm in question contemplates an exception to the general system of awarding costs, damages, and losses, notwithstanding the granting of the appeal, by providing that, in the cases regulated there, the appeal shall be granted "solely for purposes of indemnification and costs, if applicable." As an exception that it is, it must be interpreted restrictively; that is, it is only applicable in the scenarios strictly contemplated in the norm, not only because of the rule that exceptions in law must be interpreted restrictively, but also because the consequences of applying such an exception imply, without a doubt, a detriment to the fundamental right of persons to obtain effective judicial protection against the damages and losses suffered from the injury to their constitutional rights.
In my view, this exception must be interpreted in the sense that, in accordance with the general system of automatic award of costs, damages, and losses upon a violation of fundamental rights, said award is always applicable, even in the case where the respondent party issues an administrative or judicial resolution that revokes, stops, or suspends the challenged action, unless it is shown in an indubitable and clear manner that in the specific case no injury whatsoever capable of being indemnified was caused. Only and exclusively in such scenarios could the respondent Administration be exempted from the payment of those items. Since in this case there is no element whatsoever that rebuts the presumption of the arising, for the protected party, of economic damages and losses derived from the challenged actions—whose concrete determination does not correspond to this jurisdiction—the granting of this appeal must necessarily entail the award of costs, damages, and losses, and I so declare.
X.Dissenting vote of Magistrate Garro Vargas. Article 52 of the Law of Constitutional Jurisdiction (LJC) states: "If, while the amparo is in progress, an administrative or judicial resolution is issued that revokes, stops, or suspends the challenged action, the appeal shall be granted solely for purposes of indemnification and costs, if applicable."
My interpretation of that norm is as follows: That "resolution" is any valid and effective act by which the competent authority restores the enjoyment of the violated right. The phrase "if applicable" refers to the costs.
Furthermore, Article 197 of the Contentious-Administrative Procedure Code, cited by the majority on the basis of Article 14 of the LJC, precisely refers only to these: to costs.
Certainly, pursuant to Article 48 of the Political Constitution (CP), the essential content of the right to the amparo remedy is not indemnification but restitution; however, Article 51 of the LJC states: “Any decision that upholds the remedy shall order, in the abstract, the indemnification of the damages and losses caused and the payment of the costs of the proceeding, and shall reserve their liquidation for the execution of the judgment”.
If the right has been violated and the Chamber so finds, even in the event that it has been restored, damages and losses may have arisen. For this reason, their order in the abstract is appropriate. If this were not done, if such an order were not issued, in the event that they had indeed occurred, there would be no title—deriving from this proceeding—to claim them, which could violate Article 41 of the CP. If, despite an order in the abstract being issued, no damages and losses have occurred, the judge in the ordinary proceeding shall so declare, because only that judge is competent to take as proven the real existence and magnitude thereof.
Given the thesis defended by the majority, I believe that, contrary to what is sought, it would incentivize the Administration to respect rights only when an amparo proceeding is pending. It remains to be said that Article 52 of the LJC provides for the possibility that, if it is deemed just, the Chamber may order the payment of costs, even when the right has been restored.
For the foregoing reasons, I partially dissent from the vote regarding the operative part and order the award of damages and losses, but not the order of costs.
XI.- DOCUMENTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FILE. The parties are advised that, if any paper document has been submitted, as well as objects or evidence contained in any additional electronic, computer, magnetic, optical, telematic, or new-technology-produced device, these must be withdrawn from the office within a maximum period of thirty business days counted from the notification of this judgment. Otherwise, any material not withdrawn within this period shall be destroyed, as provided in the "Electronic Case File Regulation for the Judiciary", approved by the Full Court in session No. 27-11 of August 22, 2011, Article XXVI and published in Judicial Bulletin number 19 of January 26, 2012, as well as in the agreement approved by the Superior Council of the Judiciary in session No. 43-12 held on May 3, 2012, Article LXXXI.
Therefore:
The remedy is granted, without special order as to costs, damages, or losses. Judge Hernández López issues a partially dissenting vote and orders the award of damages, losses, and costs in accordance with Articles 50 and 51 of the Law of Constitutional Jurisdiction. Judge Salazar Alvarado issues a partially dissenting vote and orders the award of damages, losses, and costs. Judge Garro Vargas issues a partially dissenting vote and orders the award of damages and losses, but not the order of costs. Notify.
Fernando Castillo V. President Nancy Hernández L.
Luis Fdo. Salazar A.
Anamari Garro V.
Marta Eugenia Esquivel R.
Ronald Salazar Murillo Ileana Sánchez N.
*19OMHOHMG43W61* FILE No. 21-005390-0007-CO Telephones: 2549-1500 / 800-SALA-4TA (800-7252-482). Fax: 2295-3712 / 2549-1633. Electronic address: www.poder-judicial.go.cr/salaconstitucional. Address: (Sabana Sur, Calle Morenos, 100 mts.Sur de la iglesia del Perpetuo Socorro). Reception of matters for vulnerable groups: Edificio Corte Suprema de Justicia, San José, Distrito Catedral, Barrio González Lahmann, calles 19 y 21, avenidas 8 y 6 Certified true copy of the original - Taken from Nexus.PJ on: 09-05-2026 09:13:58.
SCIJ of the Office of the Attorney General of the Republic
Sentencia con datos protegidos, de conformidad con la normativa vigente *210053900007CO* SALA CONSTITUCIONAL DE LA CORTE SUPREMA DE JUSTICIA. San José, a las nueve horas quince minutos del treinta de abril de dos mil veintiuno . Recurso de amparo interpuesto por [Nombre 001], mayor, casado, cédula de identidad No. [Valor 001], contra la Secretaria General de la Secretaría Técnica Nacional Ambiental. Resultando: 1.- Por escrito recibido en la Secretaría de la Sala a las 16:09 horas del 17 de marzo de 2021, el recurrente interpone recurso de amparo contra la Secretaria General de la Secretaría Técnica Nacional Ambiental (SETENA) y expresa que por medio del oficio JON-2601-2021, de 26 de enero de 2021, recibido por la autoridad recurrida ese mismo día, le solicitó lo siguiente: "me dirijo a ustedes con relación al Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial de Barva, expediente EAE-01-2019-SETENA. 1- Solicito copia completa del expediente actualizado al día de hoy.
Además, solicito se tome en consideración mi apersonamiento y participación en el proceso de evaluación de los estudios, informes y viabilidad ambiental del plan regulador del cantón de Brava (sic)" (documento que se aporta como prueba). Sin embargo, hasta el momento de la interposición de este recurso, aún no ha obtenido respuesta a su gestión, ni lo solicitado, lesionándose sus derechos fundamentales. 2.- Mediante resolución de las 13:37 horas del 18 de marzo de 2021, la Presidencia de la Sala dio curso a este amparo y se le solicitó informe al Secretario Técnico Nacional Ambiental, sobre los hechos alegados por el recurrente. 3.- Informa bajo juramento Cynthia Barzuna Gutiérrez, en su condición de Secretaria General de la SETENA (escrito presentado a las 10:54 horas del 15 de abril de 2021), que, en cuanto a lo alegado por el recurrente, se informa que en fecha 14 de abril de 2021, el Departamento de Evaluación Ambiental Estratégica, por medio del oficio No. SETENA-DTEAE-0054-2021 notificó la respuesta al señor [Nombre 001] a la siguiente dirección: [...], indicada por el recurrente.
El oficio mencionado se adjunta al presente informe como prueba para mejor resolver, al igual que el correo mediante el cual se notificó al recurrente. Ahora bien, en relación a lo requerido por el accionante, debe tomarse en consideración que el recurrente puede apersonarse a revisar el expediente en el momento que lo estime necesario, ya que toda la información consta en el mismo y es de acceso público. Adicionalmente, se le indica que, si necesita certificaciones de ese asunto, es necesario que aporte las fotocopias de los documentos que desea que le sean certificados, así como los timbres de ley para ser adjuntados a dichas fotocopias. Debe tomarse en consideración que en el caso que nos ocupa, el proceso de Evaluación de la Variable Ambiental de un Plan Regulador, requiere de un plazo más amplio de resolución, en el tanto están inmersos análisis técnicos de fondo, de manera que, con la emisión de la respuesta, esa Administración ha cumplido con lo requerido por la accionante.
El resultado final de la Evaluación y de las oposiciones o gestiones serán dadas a conocer en su oportunidad con la emisión de la resolución final de fondo. En la actualidad se está a la espera que la Municipalidad interesada presente información para mejor resolver, requerida en su oportunidad, por lo que resulta prematuro emitir la resolución final. En razón de las consideraciones anteriores, solicita esa Secretaría se tenga por cumplida la respuesta al recurrente. Pide declarar sin lugar el recurso. 4.- En los procedimientos seguidos se han observado las prescripciones legales. Redacta el Magistrado Castillo Víquez; y, Considerando: I.- Objeto del recurso. El recurrente alega falta de respuesta de la gestión recibida el 26 de enero de 2021, mediante la cual solicitó a la SETENA copia completa y actualizada del expediente EAE-01-2019-SETENA, en relación al plan regulador presentado por la Municipalidad de Barva.
II.- Hechos probados. De importancia para la decisión de este asunto, se estiman como debidamente demostrados los siguientes hechos, sea porque así han sido acreditados o bien porque la recurrida haya omitido referirse a ellos según lo prevenido en el auto inicial:
Fernando Castillo V.
Nancy Hernández L.
Luis Fdo. Salazar A.
Anamari Garro V.
Marta Eugenia Esquivel R.
Ronald Salazar Murillo Ileana Sánchez N.
*19OMHOHMG43W61*
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