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Res. 06303-2021 Sala Constitucional · Sala Constitucional · 25/03/2021
OutcomeResultado
The amparo was granted for violation of the right to petition and prompt response (Art. 27 Constitution), without condemnation of costs, damages, or losses.Se declaró con lugar el amparo por violación al derecho de petición y pronta respuesta (Art. 27 Constitución Política), sin condenatoria en costas, daños y perjuicios.
SummaryResumen
The Constitutional Chamber heard an amparo action against the Mayor of Grecia because more than two months passed without a response to an information request filed on December 7, 2020. The request covered two points: the results of hiring a surveyor to demarcate the protection zone of the Los Chorros spring (in Los Chorros Recreational Park, Tacares district) and whether environmental instructions had been issued regarding environmental damage caused by the Los Maderos development project. The Mayor acknowledged the late response and indicated the contract was only for the spring, not the park boundaries, and that documentation had been sent to the Environmental Administrative Tribunal. The response was provided only on March 11, 2021, after the amparo was notified. The Chamber granted the amparo for violation of Article 27 of the Constitution (right to petition and prompt response), but without awarding costs, damages, or losses. The majority applied Article 52 of the Constitutional Jurisdiction Law, finding economic condemnation unwarranted. Three dissenting votes argued that costs and damages should be awarded under the general system mandating such consequences for any fundamental-rights violation.La Sala Constitucional conoció un recurso de amparo interpuesto contra el Alcalde de Grecia porque transcurrieron más de dos meses sin que se diera respuesta a una solicitud de información presentada el 7 de diciembre de 2020. La solicitud versaba sobre dos puntos: los resultados de la contratación de un topógrafo para delimitar la zona de protección de la naciente Los Chorros (en el Parque Recreativo Los Chorros, distrito de Tacares) y si se habían girado instrucciones ambientales en relación con el daño ambiental causado por el proyecto urbanístico Los Maderos. El Alcalde reconoció que no había respondido a tiempo y señaló que el contrato era solo para la naciente, no para los linderos del parque, y que había remitido la documentación al Tribunal Ambiental Administrativo. La respuesta se dio hasta el 11 de marzo de 2021, después de notificado el amparo. La Sala declaró con lugar el recurso por violación al artículo 27 constitucional (derecho de petición y pronta respuesta), pero sin condenatoria en costas, daños y perjuicios. La mayoría aplicó el artículo 52 de la Ley de la Jurisdicción Constitucional, considerando que no era procedente la condena económica. Hubo tres votos salvados que defendían la condenatoria en costas y daños, por considerar que el sistema general de la ley impone esa consecuencia ante toda violación de derechos fundamentales.
Key excerptExtracto clave
RECITAL IV. On the specific case. ...it is established that it was only through this Court's intervention that the petitioner's claim was satisfied, more than three months after the request was filed. Consequently, the violation of the right protected by Article 27 of the Constitution is deemed to have occurred. RECITAL V. Conclusion. Thus, having established the constitutional violation as described, the amparo must be granted without special condemnation of costs, damages, and losses, since the situation complained of has already been resolved by the Mayor of Grecia. RECITAL VI. ...the majority of the Chamber considers that, in the case at hand, pursuant to the first paragraph of Article 52 of the Constitutional Jurisdiction Law (...), the granting must be without special condemnation of costs, damages, and losses...Considerando IV.- Sobre el caso concreto. ...está acreditado que ha sido por la intervención de este Tribunal que se satisfizo la pretensión de la parte recurrente y más de tres meses después de presentada la gestión correspondiente. En razón de ello, se estima que se ha configurado la infracción al derecho tutelado en el artículo 27 de la Constitución Política. Considerando V.- Conclusión. De tal forma, al acreditarse la infracción constitucional en los términos dichos, el recurso debe ser declarado con lugar sin especial condenatoria en costas, daños y perjuicios, pues la situación reclamada ya fue solventada por parte del Alcalde de Grecia. Considerando VI.- ...la mayoría de la Sala considera que, en el sub examine, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el párrafo 1° del artículo 52 de la Ley de la Jurisdicción Constitucional (...), la estimatoria debe serlo sin especial condenatoria en costas, daños y perjuicios...
Pull quotesCitas destacadas
"El derecho establecido en el artículo 27 de la Constitución Política hace referencia a la facultad que posee todo ciudadano para dirigirse por escrito a cualquier funcionario público o entidad oficial con el fin de exponer un asunto de su interés. Esa garantía se complementa con el derecho a obtener pronta respuesta; pero esto último no necesariamente significa una contestación favorable."
"The right established in Article 27 of the Political Constitution refers to the power of every citizen to address in writing any public official or public entity in order to raise a matter of interest. This guarantee is complemented by the right to obtain a prompt response; but this does not necessarily mean a favorable reply."
Considerando III
"El derecho establecido en el artículo 27 de la Constitución Política hace referencia a la facultad que posee todo ciudadano para dirigirse por escrito a cualquier funcionario público o entidad oficial con el fin de exponer un asunto de su interés. Esa garantía se complementa con el derecho a obtener pronta respuesta; pero esto último no necesariamente significa una contestación favorable."
Considerando III
"está acreditado que ha sido por la intervención de este Tribunal que se satisfizo la pretensión de la parte recurrente y más de tres meses después de presentada la gestión correspondiente."
"it is established that it was only through this Court's intervention that the petitioner's claim was satisfied, more than three months after the request was filed."
Considerando IV
"está acreditado que ha sido por la intervención de este Tribunal que se satisfizo la pretensión de la parte recurrente y más de tres meses después de presentada la gestión correspondiente."
Considerando IV
"Si, estando en curso el amparo, se dictare resolución, administrativa o judicial, que revoque, detenga o suspenda la actuación impugnada, se declarará con lugar el recurso únicamente para efectos de indemnización y de costas, si fueren procedentes."
"If, while the amparo is pending, an administrative or judicial decision is issued that revokes, stops or suspends the challenged act, the amparo shall be granted solely for the purpose of indemnification and costs, if applicable."
Considerando VI (citando Art. 52 LJC)
"Si, estando en curso el amparo, se dictare resolución, administrativa o judicial, que revoque, detenga o suspenda la actuación impugnada, se declarará con lugar el recurso únicamente para efectos de indemnización y de costas, si fueren procedentes."
Considerando VI (citando Art. 52 LJC)
Full documentDocumento completo
SALA CONSTITUCIONAL DE LA CORTE SUPREMA DE JUSTICIA. San José, at fourteen hours and five minutes on the twenty-fifth of March, two thousand twenty-one.
An amparo appeal filed by [Name 001], of legal age, divorced once, identification number [Value 001], resident of Grecia, against the Mayor of Grecia.
Whereas:
Drafted by Judge Castillo Víquez; and,
Considering:
I.Object of the appeal. The appellant alleges a lack of response to the request filed on December 7, 2020, through which he requested the Mayor of Grecia for information on the boundaries of the Los Chorros Recreational Park and the issuance of environmental instructions regarding the Los Maderos urban development project.
II.Proven facts. Of importance for the decision on this matter, the following facts are deemed duly demonstrated, either because they have been accredited or because the respondent omitted to refer to them as provided in the initial order:
Or if: Has information been received from the environmental commission of the Municipal Council in order to prevent environmental damage to this municipal property?" (document provided by the appellant).
In accordance with your question two: Have any environmental or administrative instructions been issued by this office and your authority? Or if: Has information been received from the environmental commission of the Municipal Council in order to prevent environmental damage to this municipal property? It is reported that this mayor's office indeed processed all the pertinent documentation in relation to the new facts that arose in the Los Maderos Condominium before the Environmental Administrative Tribunal on January 6, 2021, through official communication ALC-1298-2020. Therefore, we are awaiting the decision of said tribunal” (report of the respondent authority and documentary evidence provided).
III.Regarding the right to petition and prompt response. The right established in Article 27 of the Political Constitution refers to the faculty possessed by every citizen to address any public official or official entity in writing to present a matter of their interest. This guarantee is complemented by the right to obtain a prompt response; but the latter does not necessarily mean a favorable answer. In other words, it is the right to ask, and not the right to obtain what is asked for, that is guaranteed, even though the public official must resolve with strict adherence to the law, since the freedom of petition is founded on another principle, namely, that the Administration cannot curtail the right of the governed to address public bodies. Thus, the petition route allows raising with the Administration what cannot be obtained through an appeal before it, provided that the Administration is not prohibited from doing so because it involves a regulated matter.
IV.On the specific case. Based on the evidence provided to the case file and the report rendered by the representative of the respondent authority, which is received under oath with the consequences, including criminal ones, provided for in Article 44 of the Law that governs this Jurisdiction, it has been duly accredited that indeed, on December 7, 2020, the appellant [Name 001] submitted to the Municipality of Grecia a request for information on the boundaries of the Los Chorros Recreational Park and the issuance of environmental instructions regarding the Los Maderos urban development project. Posing for this purpose the following two questions: 1) What have been the effective results of this contract and its level of progress 'de jure' and 'de facto' on this matter? 2) Have any environmental or administrative instructions been issued by this office and your authority? Or if: Has information been received from the environmental commission of the Municipal Council in order to prevent environmental damage to this municipal property?
It is also recorded that the resolution admitting this amparo was notified to the respondent authority at 10:35 hours on March 9, 2021, and that it was 2 days later, on March 11, through official communication ALC-230-2021 of that same date, when a response was given to the appellant and the information he had requested in his note of December 7, 2020, was sent to him, indicating under oath that it was sent via the email address designated as the means for receiving notifications. It follows from that missive that, regarding the first question, Francisco Murillo Quesada, in his capacity as Mayor of Grecia, informed him of the following: “According to the contract that was made in the Integrated Public Procurement System (SICOP) procedure number 2019-CD-00041-00007-00001 related to Administrative Contracting for Surveying services to intervene on the Patal, Los Chorros sources and the property where the Totón tank is located; the same was awarded to the surveyor Donald David Brenes Ramírez.
Whose objective was the delimitation of the 200 meters of the protection zone of the Los Chorros spring and not the delimitation of the decree that limits the Recreational Park. While with respect to the second question, he pointed out that 'this mayor's office indeed processed all the pertinent documentation in relation to the new facts that arose in the Los Maderos Condominium before the Environmental Administrative Tribunal on January 6, 2021, through official communication ALC-1298-2020. Therefore, we are awaiting the decision of said tribunal.' Consequently, it is accredited that it was through the intervention of this Court that the appellant's claim was satisfied, and more than three months after the corresponding request was filed. By reason of this, it is deemed that a violation of the right protected in Article 27 of the Political Constitution has occurred.
V.Conclusion. Thus, having accredited the constitutional violation in the terms stated, the appeal must be granted without special ruling on costs, damages, and losses, since the claimed situation has already been resolved by the Mayor of Grecia.
VI.On the ruling on costs, damages, and losses in accordance with Article 52 of the Law of Constitutional Jurisdiction. Upon better consideration, the majority of the Chamber considers that, in the case under review, pursuant to the provisions of paragraph 1 of Article 52 of the Law of Constitutional Jurisdiction (“If, while the amparo is underway, an administrative or judicial resolution is issued that revokes, stops, or suspends the challenged action, the appeal shall be granted solely for purposes of damages and costs, if they are applicable”), the granting must be without a special ruling on costs, damages, and losses, based on the following considerations. While there is an explicit text in the law that requires the operative part of the judgment to state that the appeal is granted, when the grievance is resolved while the amparo is underway, it is no less true that the same paragraph *in fine* states that the granting is issued “solely for purposes of damages and costs, if they are applicable.” It is underscored that the Law says “if they are applicable,” which means that the applicability or inapplicability of damages and costs depends on an assessment, appreciation, or weighing by the Court.
In cases like this one, the content of the claim of the protected person and the conduct of the respondent authority in acknowledging it suggest that the alleged impairments, injuries, or alterations are not directly related to a repercussion on a constitutional right of a clearly patrimonial nature (as would occur, for example, with an impact on the right to wages). To dispel any doubt in this regard, it is important to highlight the provision in Article 51 of the same Law of Constitutional Jurisdiction, when it provides that: “every resolution that grants the appeal shall order in the abstract the damages for the losses and damages caused and the payment of the costs of the appeal, and its liquidation shall be reserved for the execution of the judgment,” where the possibility of assessing whether or not what concerns damages and costs is applicable is not foreseen. The principles of Constitutional Law, those of Public and General Procedural Law or, as the case may be, those of International or Community Law and, furthermore, in their order, the General Law of Public Administration and the Contentious Administrative Procedural Code and other procedural codes, are supplementary sources for the application and interpretation of the norms of the Law of Constitutional Jurisdiction -cfr.
Article 14-. For the contentious-administrative jurisdiction, the legislator established a precept fully applicable to the case by analogy, in Article 197 of the Contentious Administrative Procedural Code, which responds to the procedural logic in any matter. In any event, the affected party in the *sub lite* preserves the possibility of resorting, if they deem it appropriate, to a plenary proceeding to demonstrate that they have suffered some type of impairment. Based on the foregoing, it is the majority criterion to resolve this appeal without a ruling on costs, damages, and losses.
I agree with the majority of the Chamber on the decision made regarding the existence of a violation of fundamental rights in this case, which has been corrected on the occasion of the Chamber's intervention; however, I dissent from its decision in relation to the matter of the economic consequences of said declaration.
The constitutional jurisdiction under the charge of this Court in matters of amparo and habeas corpus—the jurisdiction of liberty as it is called—is special because its purpose is not that of the traditional judge who resolves a conflict between two parties, opposed by a legal dispute. Its subject matter is of public order, and its objective is to provide judicial protection to persons in the exercise of their fundamental rights in such a way that their enjoyment is not disturbed by acts of those who, *de facto* or *de jure*, carry out concrete exercises of authority capable of violating them.
This protective vocation of the constitutional jurisdiction is materialized in a procedural design that is also peculiar, agile, and free of charge, where the respondent public authority is simply required to render "a report" on the actions taken in the denounced case (Articles 43, 44, 45, and 46 of the LJC). So it is not technically a litigation, and in accordance with this, broad powers are given to the Constitutional Chamber to guide the course of the amparo or habeas corpus proceeding, both regarding the possibility of requesting information from other authorities about what happened, and regarding the broad handling of evidence that may serve to clarify what happened. Such a procedural framework of the jurisdiction of liberty, where there are no two antagonistic parties opposed so that what one gains the other loses, requires us to move away from the solutions that have been foreseen for these latter issues in procedural systems such as civil, contentious, or labor.
In what is now of interest, the Law of Constitutional Jurisdiction regulates in its Articles 46 and following, three specific aspects of the exercise of the jurisdictional function of protecting fundamental rights, under the charge of the Chamber: a) the first aspect concerns the declaration that must be made of the existence or non-existence of the violation (Articles 46 and 47 LJC); b) the second carefully regulates the powers the Court possesses to reverse the legal effects of the violation of fundamental rights and restore, in the most effective way, their exercise (Articles 49 and 50 LJC); c) the third aspect (Article 51 LJC) provides rules on the economic consequences of such amparo and habeas corpus proceedings, such that—upon the verification of a violation by the Chamber—there is a restoration of the enjoyment of such rights and, in addition, an effective indemnification for the damages and expenses caused, as part of the right to effective justice regarding the reparation of the harmful consequences generated by the infringing authorities, which are not only for the purposes of effective judicial protection of the claimant party, but also for a dissuasive purpose so that the State does not incur in the future in the actions that gave rise to the granting of the appeal, a matter regulated in Article 50 of the Law of Constitutional Jurisdiction.
In this last aspect, the Law in its Article 51 orders the Chamber that “every resolution that grants the appeal shall order in the abstract the damages for the losses and damages caused and the payment of the costs of the appeal…”. This is the general system that regulates the matters of the compensatory sphere, for the cases that the majority identifies as the “natural or normal form of termination of the proceeding, where there is a ruling on the merits of the matter and acknowledgment of the facts that have violated fundamental rights…”; in such cases, among which counts the one now being decided, the Chamber has verified the grievance and hence the need for a ruling on costs, damages, and losses, which is supported by the aforementioned concept of effective protection of people's rights and the notion that the Administration must be held responsible for the damages and expenses caused by its unconstitutional actions. This conclusion is not changed at all by the fact that, upon hearing and resolving the amparo, “the effects of the challenged act had ceased” (Article 50), since such a case forms an integral part of the general system of automatic ruling on costs, damages, and losses, as it is understood that the proceeding has ended normally and the violation has been verified.
Within this simple and clear general framework—and devoid of deficiencies or gaps—the provision of Article 52 of the Law fits perfectly as an exception case, applicable only in cases where the Chamber has not heard, nor has it ruled on the merits of the claim, that is—as the majority says—in those situations of “abnormal termination of the proceeding.” But the conditions and scope for decreeing that form of conclusion are delimited with great precision by the legislator; first, the factual premises for the application of this norm are clearly described, so that the Chamber must verify:
In this case, the foregoing exercise obligates concluding the inapplicability of Article 52 of the LJC, because, on the one hand, the Court has ruled on the merits of the matter, has acknowledged with its declaration a violation of fundamental rights and determined its perpetrator; this bears no resemblance to an “abnormal termination of the proceeding.” On the other hand, the requirements of the recently cited Article 52 are not verified either, since there is no formally issued “administrative or judicial resolution” which expressly revokes, stops, or suspends the act that originates the violation of constitutional rights; For all these reasons, it is appropriate to apply the provisions of Articles 50 and 51 of the LJC and order—as a consequence of having verified the violation—the ruling on the damages, losses, and costs caused, as the economic consequences of the proceeding.
But even if we were to set aside the automatic ruling on damages, losses, and costs, disregarding the foregoing reasonings, the truth is that the proven facts of this case have led the Chamber to declare the existence of an impact on the exercise of the fundamental rights of the protected person, which, as a harmful action, carries with it a presumption of the emergence of economic damages and losses—the concrete determination of which is not for the Chamber to make—and no merit whatsoever is appreciated in the file that convinces to exonerate the respondent authority from covering the effective reparation of the harmful consequences of its acts, according to the general principle expressly provided in the law.
VIII.Partial dissenting vote of Judge Salazar Alvarado, solely regarding the non-imposition of costs, damages, and losses against the respondent party. Although I agree with the rest of the Chamber in granting the appeal, I dissent from the majority criterion in that it exempts the respondent party from being ordered to pay the costs, damages, and losses derived from the injury caused to the fundamental rights of the protected party.
The Law of Constitutional Jurisdiction, in Article 52, provides that: “If, while the amparo is underway, an administrative or judicial resolution is issued that revokes, stops, or suspends the challenged action, the appeal shall be granted solely for purposes of damages and costs, if they are applicable.” On the other hand, Article 51 *ibidem* establishes that: “...every resolution that grants the appeal shall order in the abstract the damages for the losses and damages caused and the payment of the costs of the appeal, and its liquidation shall be reserved for the execution of the judgment.” This last norm establishes the general system that regulates what concerns the matter of damages and the payment of costs, and which the majority calls the “natural or normal form of termination of the proceeding, where there is a ruling on the merits of the matter and acknowledgment of the facts that have violated fundamental rights…”.
In the majority's criterion, Article 51, cited, regulates the instances in which the Chamber has verified the grievance; and, as a consequence, the need arises for a ruling on costs, damages, and losses. However, in the opinion of the undersigned, from the systematic interpretation of both norms, it is concluded that, both in cases where this Constitutional Court verifies a violation of some fundamental right; and, therefore, grants the appeal, as well as in those where the Administration, by its own decision, restores the aggrieved person to the enjoyment of their fundamental rights, once it becomes aware of the amparo—a scenario contemplated in Article 52, referred to—by force of Articles 50 and 51 of the cited law, the necessary and unavoidable consequence is the ruling against the infringer for the damages for the losses and damages caused and the payment of the costs of the appeal. This rule is nothing more than the acknowledgment, to the party who has suffered a violation of their fundamental rights, of the right to effective judicial protection regarding the reparation of the harmful consequences derived from the actions or omissions of the infringing authorities; and, as a dissuasive means, so that the State does not again incur in the actions that gave rise to the granting of the appeal, a matter regulated in Article 50 of the law that governs this jurisdiction.
Thus, whether the Chamber has deemed the grievance proven and has proceeded to hear the merits of the matter, or whether the violation has ceased by decision of the respondent authority itself, once it became aware of the processing of the amparo, with restitution in the enjoyment of the fundamental rights in favor of the aggrieved party (Article 52), in any of those scenarios, there always arises the imperative need for an award of costs, damages, and losses against the infringer, the basis of which lies in the principles of protection of individuals' rights and in the principle that the Administration must be held responsible for the damages and losses it causes through its unconstitutional actions.
Thus, the fact that, at the time the amparo is heard and granted, the effects of the challenged act had already ceased, under the terms set forth in Articles 50 and 52 of the cited law, does not negate the appropriateness of an award of costs, damages, and losses, since such a case forms an integral part of the general system of necessary award on those points contained in the Ley de la Jurisdicción Constitucional.
Furthermore, it is clear that the aforementioned Article 52 applies only in cases where the Chamber, even though it has not heard or ruled on the merits of the claim, has verified the violation of fundamental rights suffered by the protected party, by virtue of the restitution in the enjoyment of those rights that the Administration has granted in their favor; a situation which, as stated by the majority of the Chamber, implies an "abnormal termination of the proceeding." The legislator established and precisely delimited the conditions under which this Chamber may decree that form of abnormal conclusion of the amparo proceeding, as well as its scope, namely: 1) that the amparo is underway, meaning that the Administration has been duly notified of the resolution granting leave to proceed with the amparo; and 2) that there exists an administrative or judicial resolution that indisputably orders the revocation, cessation, or suspension of the challenged action violating fundamental rights.
Certainly, the rule in question contemplates an exception to the general system of mandatory award of costs, damages, and losses, notwithstanding the granting of the appeal, by providing that, in the cases regulated therein, the appeal shall be granted "solely for purposes of compensation and costs, if they are appropriate." As an exception, it must be interpreted restrictively; that is, it is only appropriate in the scenarios strictly contemplated in the rule, not only because of the rule that exceptions in law must be interpreted restrictively, but also because the consequences of applying such an exception undoubtedly entail a diminution of the individuals' fundamental right to obtain effective judicial protection against the damages and losses suffered due to the injury to their constitutional rights.
In my view, such an exception must be interpreted to mean that, in accordance with the general system of automatic award of costs, damages, and losses in the face of a violation of fundamental rights, such an award is always appropriate, even in the event that the respondent party issues an administrative or judicial resolution that revokes, ceases, or suspends the challenged action, unless it is indisputably and clearly shown that in the specific case no compensable harm whatsoever was caused. Only and exclusively in such scenarios could the respondent Administration be exempted from payment of those items. Since in this case there is no element whatsoever to rebut the presumption that damages and economic losses arose for the protected party as a result of the challenged actions—the specific determination of which is not for this jurisdiction to make—the granting of this appeal must necessarily entail the award of costs, damages, and losses, and I so declare.
IX.Dissenting vote of Judge Garro Vargas. Article 52 of the Ley de la Jurisdicción Constitucional (LJC) states: "If, while the amparo is underway, an administrative or judicial resolution is issued that revokes, ceases, or suspends the challenged action, the appeal shall be granted solely for purposes of compensation and costs, if they are appropriate."
My interpretation of that rule is as follows: That "resolution" is any valid and effective act by which the competent authority restores the enjoyment of the violated right. The phrase "if they are appropriate" refers to costs. Moreover, Article 197 of the Código Procesal Contencioso-Administrativo, cited by the majority, based on Article 14 of the LJC, precisely refers only to these: to costs.
Certainly, pursuant to Article 48 of the Constitución Política (CP), the essential content of the right to the amparo appeal is not compensatory but restitutive; however, Article 51 of the LJC states: "Every resolution granting the appeal shall award, in the abstract, compensation for the damages and losses caused and the payment of the costs of the appeal, and its liquidation shall be reserved for the execution of the judgment." If the right has been violated and the Chamber so verifies, even if it has been restored, damages and losses may have arisen. For this reason, an award of these in the abstract is appropriate. If this were not done, if such an award were not issued, in the event that damages and losses did occur, there would be no basis—derived from this proceeding—to claim them, which could violate Article 41 of the CP. If, despite an award in the abstract, no damages and losses have occurred, the judge in the ordinary proceeding shall so declare, since only he has the authority to deem the actual existence and magnitude thereof as proven.
With the thesis defended by the majority, I believe that, contrary to what is sought, it would incentivize the Administration to respect rights only in the face of an amparo appeal. It remains to be said that Article 52 of the LJC provides for the possibility that, if it is deemed just, the Chamber may award costs, even when the right has been restored.
For the foregoing reasons, I partially dissent from the operative part and order the award of damages and losses, but not the award of costs.
X.Documentation provided to the case file. The parties are warned that, if they have provided any paper document, as well as objects or evidence contained in any additional electronic, computer, magnetic, optical, telematic device or one produced by new technologies, these must be retrieved from the office within a maximum period of thirty business days counted from the notification of this judgment. Otherwise, any material not retrieved within this period shall be destroyed, pursuant to the provisions of the "Reglamento sobre Expediente Electrónico ante el Poder Judicial," approved by the Corte Plena in Session No. 27-11 of August 22, 2011, Article XXVI and published in Boletín Judicial No. 19 of January 26, 2012, as well as the agreement approved by the Consejo Superior del Poder Judicial, in Session No. 43-12 held on May 3, 2012, Article LXXXI.
Por tanto:
The appeal is granted, without special award of costs, damages, and losses. Judge Hernández López partially dissents and orders the award of damages, losses, and costs in accordance with Articles 50 and 51 of the Ley de la Jurisdicción Constitucional. Judge Salazar Alvarado partially dissents and orders the award of damages, losses, and costs. Judge Garro Vargas partially dissents and orders the award of damages and losses, but not the award of costs. Notify.
Fernando Castillo V.
Paul Rueda L.
Nancy Hernández L.
Luis Fdo. Salazar A.
Jorge Araya G.
Anamari Garro V.
Ileana Sánchez N.
*KP4YK440T0K61*
Sentencia con datos protegidos, de conformidad con la normativa vigente *210042980007CO* SALA CONSTITUCIONAL DE LA CORTE SUPREMA DE JUSTICIA. San José, a las catorce horas cinco minutos del veinticinco de marzo de dos mil veintiuno . Recurso de amparo interpuesto por [Nombre 001], mayor, divorciado una vez, cédula de identidad No. [Valor 001], vecino de Grecia, contra el Alcalde de Grecia. Resultando: 1.- Por escrito recibido en la Secretaría de la Sala a las 16:58 horas del 02 de marzo de 2021, el recurrente interpone recurso de amparo contra el Alcalde de Grecia y expresa que el 07 de diciembre de 2020 planteó una formal solicitud de información ante la autoridad recurrida. Aportó copia de la gestión con sello de recibido de fecha "7 DIC. 2020" y textualmente pidió: "Dos asuntos: en primera, Linderos del Parque Recreativo los Chorros y en segunda giro instrucciones ambientales en el tema Los Maderos.
Muy estimable señor. Reciba un cordial y respetuoso saludo. El motivo de la presente es darle seguimiento al asunto de la delimitación del Parque Recreativo los Chorros, ubicado en el distrito de Tacares de Grecia. Del cual su representada tiene potestad administrativa según la Ley 6126 del nueve de noviembre de 1977. Conociendo que desde el año anterior (2019) se designó y contrató a una empresa externa en el tema de la delimitación de los linderos del Parque Los Chorros, es que se desea saber de manera muy puntual. ¿Cuáles han sido los resultados efectivos de esta contratación y su nivel de avance de "Jure" y de "facto" en este tema? También teniendo en conocimiento que, se realizó una visita ocular in sitio por parte de su despacho, el día 30 de junio del presente año, en relación al presunto daño ambiental al Parque Los Chorros, desde el proyecto urbanístico Los Maderos, se desea conocer si ¿Se han girado instrucciones ambientales o administrativas por parte de esta oficina y su autoridad?
O si ¿Se ha recibido información de la comisión de ambientales del Concejo Municipal con el fin de evitar daño ambiental a este inmueble municipal?". El recurrente reclama que han pasado más de dos meses sin obtener respuesta. 2.- Mediante resolución de las 16:01 horas del 03 de marzo de 2021, la Presidencia de la Sala previno al recurrente aportar copia completa, legible y con el respectivo comprobante de recibido o remisión de correo electrónico de la gestión que planteó ante la autoridad accionada y cuya falta de respuesta alega en el memorial de interposición de este proceso. 3.- Por escrito recibido en la Secretaría de la Sala a las 15:42 horas del 04 de marzo de 2021, el recurrente indica que conforme a lo prevenido aporta copia completa, legible y con el respectivo comprobante de recibido, por parte del recurrido. 4.- Mediante resolución de las 09:24 horas del 05 de marzo de 2021, la Presidencia de la Sala dio curso a este amparo y se le solicitó informe al Alcalde de Grecia, sobre los hechos alegados por el recurrente. 5.- Informa bajo juramento Francisco Murillo Quesada, en su condición de Alcalde de Grecia (escrito presentado a las 09:45 horas del 12 de marzo de 2021), que es cierto que el recurrente interpuso a las 11:11 horas del 07 de diciembre de 2020, la gestión que menciona.
Esa Alcaldía procedió a las 11:18 horas del mismo día a remitirla al Área de Gestión Ambiental para su resolución. Sin embargo, a la fecha de interposición de este recurso no se tiene respuesta. En efecto, esa Municipalidad sacó en concurso la adquisición de los servicios de topografía para intervenir las fuentes de Patal, Chorros y la propiedad del Tanque Totón, mediante el proceso de licitación bajo la modalidad de Contratación Administrativa No. [Valor 002], adjudicada al topógrafo Donald David Brenes Ramírez. No se contrató para delimitar el parque recreativo Los Chorros, sino referente al radio de la naciente existente en ese lugar. Además, la Municipalidad, por medio del oficio ALC-1298-2020, de fecha 17 de diciembre de 2020, se apersonó ante el Tribunal Ambiental el 06 de enero de 2021 y a efecto de que sirva como hechos nuevos, se aportó la documentación correspondiente a las acciones del área de inspecciones de la Municipalidad de Grecia, en relación con el Condominio Los Maderos, esto respecto al tema ambiental.
El 11 de marzo de 2021 se le procede dar respuesta a la nota de fecha 07 de diciembre de 2020, mediante oficio ALC-230-2021, en los términos señalados en el punto anterior y se le notifica al recurrente a su correo indicado para comunicaciones [...]. Solicita que no se les condene a indemnización y costas, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el numeral 52 de la Ley de la Jurisdicción Constitucional. 6.- En los procedimientos seguidos se han observado las prescripciones legales. Redacta el Magistrado Castillo Víquez ; y, Considerando: I.- Objeto del recurso. El recurrente alega falta de respuesta de la gestión presentada el 07 de diciembre de 2020, mediante la cual le solicitó al Alcalde de Grecia información sobre los linderos del Parque Recreativo Los Chorros y el giro de instrucciones ambientales en el proyecto urbanístico Los Maderos. II.- Hechos probados. De importancia para la decisión de este asunto, se estiman como debidamente demostrados los siguientes hechos, sea porque así han sido acreditados o bien porque el recurrido haya omitido referirse a ellos según lo prevenido en el auto inicial:
Fernando Castillo V.
Paul Rueda L.
Nancy Hernández L.
Luis Fdo. Salazar A.
Jorge Araya G.
Anamari Garro V.
Ileana Sánchez N.
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